专题07 动词-2023年中考总复习真题探究与变式训练（江苏专用）

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专题07 动词
命题方向
重要指数
考向一 动词词义辨析
（常考点）
考向二 动词短语辨析
（必考点）
考向三 情态动词
（必考点）
考向一 动词词义辨析

例1 （2022·江苏南通·中考真题）Peter, our monitor, is creative and energetic enough to ________ the task successfully.
A．complete B．collect C．control D．consider
例2（2022·江苏常州·中考真题）If you want to keep healthy, going to bed early and getting up early is highly ________.
A．recommended B．challenged C．translated D．influenced
例3（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）—Does the colour red represent good things in Chinese culture?
—Yes. But writing one’s name in red is not good, and we usually ________ it.
A．avoid B．advise C．allow D．accept

易混动词词义辨析
（1）be / get used to doing sth. 意为“习惯做某事”；
used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”；
be used to do 意为“被用来做某事”。
如：I used to get up late, but now I’m used to getting up early. 我过去常常晚起，但现在习惯早起。
Umbrella is used to prevent the rain. 雨伞用来避雨。

（2）get to+地点=reach+地点=arrive in+大地方 / at+小地方，表示“到达某地”。arrive是不及物动词，后面可不接地点。
注意：home，there，here前面不用介词，get home=reach home=arrive home.
如：When will you arrive? 你什么时候到达？
They arrived at the village. 他们到达了小村庄。

（3）borrow … from … 意为“从……借来（借入）”；lend … to … 意为“把……借给（借出）”；keep意为“保存，借”；return=give … back意为“归还”。
如：I borrow a book from the school library and I can keep it for a month.
我从学校图书馆借来一本书，我可以借一个月。
Could you lend your bike to me?（=lend me your bike）你可以把自行车借给我吗？

（4）look意为“看”，表动作；see意为“看见”，表结果；watch意为“注视”；read意为“看书报，阅读”。
如：Look at the blackboard, please. Can you see it clearly? 请看黑板。你能看清吗？
I’d like to watch a film tonight我想今晚去看电影。
Don’t read books in the sun. It’s bad for your eyes. 别在太阳下看书，对眼睛有害。

(5) say 意为“说”，后面常接说的内容（用“” 引用，或用it，what，that从句代替说的内容）；
speak 意为“说，演讲”，后面接语言，或指在会议上发言, sb. speaking电话用语，某人正在接电话；
talk 意为“交谈”，不及物动词，常用talk to或talk with意为“同某人谈话” ；
tell 意为“告诉，讲述”，常用搭配：tell a story“讲故事”，tell a lie“说谎”，tell the truth“说真相”，tell sb. sth.告诉某人某事，tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不）做某事。
如：I can’t understand what you said just now我不能理解你刚才所说的话。
Most of people in the world speak English. 世界上大多数的人讲英语。
He likes talking to / with me. 他喜欢跟我交谈。
She told me a secret yesterday. 她昨天告诉我一个秘密。

（6）spend 意为“花费时间或金钱”，主语是人，spend … on sth.；spend … (in) doing sth.；
cost 意为“某物值多少钱，花费多少钱”，主语是物， sth. cost sb. some money；
pay 支付钱，主语是人，pay … for … ；
take 用于固定句型中，It takes / took sb.+时间+to do sth.
如：I spent 30 yuan on the book.=I spent 30 yuan buying the book. =The book cost me 30 yuan.
=I paid 30 yuan for the book. 我花了30元买这本书。

（7）bring意为“带来”；
take意为“拿去，带走”；
carry意为“扛，搬，抱”，常用于重物；
fetch意为“去拿来，往返拿”。
如：The box is too heavy to carry. 这箱子太重了，抬不起。
Sorry, I forgot to bring my bag here.抱歉，我忘记把包带来这里了。
Kate, take the umbrella with you. It’s going to rain. 凯特，把伞随身带去，快下雨了。

（8）wear意为“穿着”，表示状态；
put on意为“穿上”，表示动作；
in+颜色，表示“穿着某颜色衣服”；
dress意为“穿衣”，dress sb. 意为“给某人穿衣”，dress oneself意为“某人自己穿衣服”，
dress up as … 意为“装扮成……”。
如：Look at the man in green! He is wearing a thick coat in such a hot day! When did he put it on?
看那个穿着绿衣服的男士！他大热天正穿着一件厚厚的大衣！他什么时候穿上的？
Children dress up as ghosts on Halloween.孩子们在万圣节的时候装扮成鬼神的样子。

（9）listen意为“听”，不及物动词，listen to sth./ sb.；
hear意为“听到”，表结果；sound意为“听起来”，接形容词。
如：Listen! There is a girl singing outside. Can you hear? 听，有个女孩在外面唱歌。你能听见吗？

(10) look for意为“寻找”，强调的是过程；
find意为“找到”，强调的是结果；
find out意为“查明”。
如：I looked for my key everywhere, but I couldn’t find it. 我到处找钥匙，但我找不到。
The window is broken. Can you find out who broke it? 窗坏了。你能查出是谁打破的吗？

（11）leave意为“遗漏，落下”，leave sth.+地点“把某物落在某地” ；
forget意为“忘记”，forget to do 忘记要做某事，forget doing 忘记做过某事；
lose意为“丢失”。
如：I lost my watch and I wanted to buy a new one.我手表丢失了，我想买个新的。
I forgot to bring my bag home. Maybe I left it in the reading room.我忘记把包带回家了。可能我把包落在阅览室了。

（12）join意为“参加党派或组织，成为其中一员”，join the Party入党，join the army参军，join the club加入俱乐部；take part in=join in参加聚会或活动；
attend参加会议，attend the meeting。
如：We’ll take part in social practice during the summer vacation. 我们将在暑期参加社会实践。
Come and join us! 快来加入我们吧。

（13）lose意为“输给某人”，lose to sb.；
fail意为“失败”，fail to do sth.做某事失败了，fail the exam考试不及格；
beat意为“打败”，beat sb.打败某人，beat+队伍 打败某队；
win意为“赢得（荣誉、地位、比赛、战争等）”,win the game。
如：We lost the match. 我们比赛输了。=We didn’t win the match.
Team A beat Team B. A组打败了B组。

（14）turn常指颜色变化，turn+颜色；
get / grow指天色变化；get指天变长、变短、变暖、变冷；
become指天变暖、变冷。
如：The leaves were turning brown. 叶子变成了褐色。
The sky grew / got dark soon.天很快变黑了。
The days are getting longer and longer now. 现在白天变得越来越长了。

【变式1】（2022·江苏·无锡市华庄中学二模）In character-training of children, what really _________ is what their parents say and do.
A．considers B．cares C．matters D．minds
【变式2】（2022·江苏·无锡外国语学校二模）Please don’t hesitate to contact me if our customer service can’t ________ to give you a satisfying solution.
A．suggest B．allow C．require D．manage
【变式3】（2022·江苏·扬州中学教育集团树人学校三模）Within Chinese traditions, eating has far more functions than just ______ the stomach or bringing pleasure.
A．forming B．feeling C．filling D．fixing
【变式4】（2022·江苏·连云港外国语学校二模）School is a good place for us to ________ ourselves for the bright future.
A．promise B．produce C．prepare D．provide
【变式5】（2022·江苏·盐城市盐都区实验初中一模）When there were no computers, efforts were ________ to get knowledge from other people or books.
A．reminded B．remained C．realized D．required
【变式6】（2022·江苏镇江·模拟预测）Some countries _________ Russia and Ukraine in continuing peace talks because they want to prevent common people being hurt in the war.
A．support B．serve C．surprise D．survive
【变式7】（2022·江苏·无锡市太湖进修学校一模）My son threw paper all over his room. It took me half an hour to ________ it from the floor.
A．clean B．mop C．clear D．knock
【变式8】（2022·江苏·射阳县第三中学一模）— Listen! Zhong Nanshan is making a speech!
— Really? Would you please ________ the main points for me? I’m busy now.
A．record B．receive C．reach D．realize
【变式9】（2022·江苏连云港·模拟预测）Cang Yangjiacuo, a famous writer, wrote many poems of love. However, he ________ single all her life.
A．realized B．remained C．required D．reminded
【变式10】（2022·江苏南通·模拟预测）The BBC documentary Du Fu: China’s Greatest Poet _________ Du to William Shakespeare, one of the greatest writers of the West.
A．considers B．connects C．compares D．complains
【变式11】（2022·江苏盐城·二模）Sorry, but I didn't hear the question you asked. Could you please________it?
A．answer B．repeat C．say D．understand
【变式12】（2022·江苏镇江·二模）Many people have ________ the importance of learning to be alone in the past two years.
A．received B．realized C．recorded D．recommended
【变式13】（2022·江苏徐州·二模）Yancheng Natural Reserve is a perfect place for birds. It ________ food and cover for birds.
A．offers B．gives C．provides D．protects
【变式14】（2022·江苏无锡·二模）—Mary, you said my name wasn’t ________in the article.
—Forget about what I said. Look! Your name is here.
A．called B．created C．mentioned D．controlled
【变式15】（2022·江苏·南通田家炳中学模拟预测）Sometimes we can’t find something, but it may appear where you don’t ________ it.
A．expect B．accept C．explain D．hide
【变式16】（2022·江苏扬州·二模）To win the match, you should always ________ yourself to practice more.
A．remember B．remind C．remain D．regret
【变式17】（2022·江苏南京·二模）China has carried out a project to ________ 10, 000 African villages to a TV network, helping local people learn about the world outside.
A．change B．connect C．compare D．complain
【变式18】（2022·江苏南通·二模）—Wow! The drama series Human World（人世间） are so popular!
—I can’t agree more. The common people’s true friendship ________ every audience a lot.
A．touches B．directs C．helps D．shapes

考向二 动词短语辨析

例1（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）Tim ________ the pen on the floor and handed it to his classmate.
A．put up B．picked up C．looked up D．took up
例2（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）I have the habit of ________ the unknown words in the dictionary or on the Internet.
A．looking up B．looking for C．looking at D．looking after
例3（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）The government is ________ elevators(电梯) in the old buildings of some communities so that people, especially the elderly can go up and down easily.
A．putting away B．putting out C．putting in D．putting through
例4（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Each of us in our group wants to make friends with Gary, because he is modest and never ________ .
A．shows off B．takes off C．puts off D．gives off
例5（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）In such cheerful conversation, the time ________ all too quickly.
A．went up B．went down C．went by D．went back
例6（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）The traditional Chinese lunar calendar ________ a year ________ 24 solar terms (节气).
A．divides…into… B．mixes…with… C．translates…into… D．covers…with…

易混动词短语辨析
动词短语主要涉及3种形式：
①同一介词/副词型；②同一动词型；③混合型
1. 同一介词/副词型
for短语
ask for请求 pay for为……付钱 care for照顾；关怀 leave for动身去
prepare for为……做准备 stand for代表 thanks for 因……而感谢 wait for 等待
up短语
clean up收拾干净；打扫 bring up提出，养育，培养
cheer up (使)振作起来；(使)高兴起来 cut up切碎，剁碎
dress up打扮；乔装打扮 eat up吃光，吃完
end up最终成为；最后处于 get up起床；起来
give up放弃grow up成长，长大 look up查(字典等)；抬头看
make up编造；组成，构成；化妆 pick up搭载；捡起；获得；收拾；接电话
put up张贴；挂起 set up建立；设立；开办
show up出现；露面 stand up站起来
stay up不睡觉；熬夜 take up 占据；占去；从事
wake up睡醒；醒来；唤醒 use up 用完；耗尽
about短语
talk about谈论；讨论 care about关心，在意
come about产生；发生 dream about梦想，梦到
hear about听说 know/learn about了解
think about思考；思索；考虑 worry about担心；烦恼
out短语
find out发现；找出 blow out熄灭；吹灭
break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发 bring out使显现，使表现出
come out开花；出现，显露；出版 cut out 切断，删除，停止；裁剪
die out灭绝；消失 eat out出去吃
hand out分发 hang out闲逛
leave out忽略；不提及；不包括 look out小心，当心
point out指出put out扑灭；熄灭 run out用完，耗尽
sell out售完，卖光 set out出发；开始
turn out结果是，证明是 work out算出，解决
at短语
aim at瞄准；旨在 arrive at到达(小地方)
laugh at嘲笑 look at看着
knock at敲 point at指向
shout/smile at对……大喊/笑 throw at投向，掷向
away短语
blow away吹走，驱散 give away赠送；捐赠；泄露
move away搬走 pass away去世
put away将……收起来；攒钱 run away跑开，逃跑；失控
throw away扔掉；抛弃 take away带走，拿走
back短语
bring back带回；恢复；使想起；归还 come back回来；回想起；再度流行
go back回去 give back归还
pay back偿还(借款等) talk back回嘴，顶嘴
call (sb.) back (给某人)回电话
down短语
break down损坏；分解；抛锚；停止运转，出故障 calm down平静/镇静下来
cut down砍倒；削减 put down放下
die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 fall down突然倒下；倒塌；摔倒
lie down躺下 let down使失望
look down俯视 go down下降
sit down坐下 slow down减速
pull down 拆下，摧毁；推倒 turn down调低，关小；拒绝
write down写下，记录下
off短语
break off中止，弄断 clean off把……擦掉
cut off切除；剪掉；切断(水源、电源等) fall off跌落；从……掉下来
get off下车，下班 give off发出，放出(光、热等)
pay off偿清(欠款等)；成功 put off推迟
send off发出，寄出 set off出发，动身
show off炫耀 shut off关闭；停止运转
take off起飞；脱下；摘掉；离开 turn off关掉(水、电、电视、收音机等)
kick sb. off开除某人 see sb. off为某人送行
on短语
call on号召；拜访 carry on继续
come on快点儿；加油；来吧 depend on取决于；依靠，依赖
go on继续，发生 get on上车；进展；应付；对付
hold on等一等(别挂电话)；坚持 live/feed on以……为食；靠……为生
put on穿上；上演；增加体重，发胖 try on试穿
turn on打开
over短语
come over过来；顺便来访 fall over 绊倒
get over克服；恢复；原谅 go over复习，重温
hang over悬挂 look over (仔细)检查
think over仔细考虑
with 短语
(dis)agree with (不)同意 begin/start with以……开始
communicate with与……交流 compare with与……作比较
connect with与……相连 deal with解决，处理
end with以……结束 play with和……玩
share with和……分享 catch up with赶上；超过
come up with想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等) fall in love with喜欢上，和……相爱
2. 同一动词型
look短语
look for寻找；寻求 look after照顾；照看
look at看…… look like看起来像
look out小心；注意 look over检查
look through快速查看；浏览 look up to钦佩；仰慕
look down upon瞧不起；看低 look forward to盼望；期待……
look back at回首(往事)；回忆；回顾 look up (在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看
come短语
come down下来 come back回来；想起来
come from来自 come over过来；顺便来访
come true 实现 come out出现；出版
come in/into 进入；进来 come across(偶然)遇见(或发现)
come on快点儿；加油 come back to回到(主题、想法等)上来
come into being形成 come up with想出；提出(主意、答案等)
come up to(为攀谈而)走到跟前；走近
get短语
get away 逃离 get back 回来
get in进入；到达；收获 get on上车
get off 下车 get out离开，出去
get over克服 get to到达
get up起床；站起 get into陷入；参与
get away from避免，摆脱；逃离 get out of离开；从……出来
get used to习惯于 get into the habit of养成……的习惯
get in the way (of)挡……的路；妨碍 get on/along with 与……和睦相处/关系良好
get ready for为……做准备
give短语
give away 捐赠 give back 还给，归还
give in屈服；让步 give off发出(光、热等)
give out散布；分发 give up 放弃
make短语
make sure确信，证实 make up编造(故事、谎言等)；化妆
make sense有道理；有意义 make fun of取笑
make full use of充分利用 make up of构成，由……组成
put短语
put away放好 put down写下，记下
put off推迟 put back将……放回
put out熄灭 put up搭建；张贴
put on上演；增加(体重)；发胖 put in安装；把……写进(信函、故事等)
put into投入；投放(资金) put through使经受(磨炼、痛苦等)
put together组装；把……放在一起 put up with容忍；忍受

take短语
take after与……长得像 take down 拆除；往下拽；记录
take in吸收；吸入 take off起飞；脱掉
take over接收，接管 take up占用，占据；开始从事
take care of照顾 take part in参加
take pride in以……为傲 take the place of代替
take out切除；摘除；带走 take away from从……拿走
turn短语
turn around转身；调转方向 turn off关掉
turn up调高(声音 turn into变成
turn out结果是 turn...over使……翻转
turn to转向；求助于 turn down拒绝；调低(声音)
turn back (使)返回；(使)折回 turn right/left向右/左转
turn on接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开

【变式1】（2022·江苏·无锡市华庄中学二模）These “Da Bai” didn’t take any notice of the noise in the crowd and _________ with test.
A．worked out B．worked on C．carried on D．carried out
【变式2】（2022·江苏·连云港市新海初级中学三模）—Can you share with us why you are so successful?
—Nothing special. You just need to ________ new challenges and never give up.
A．take up B．take off C．take on D．take away
【变式3】（2022·江苏·盐城市鹿鸣路初级中学三模）All the tables were ________, so we had to wait for 30 minutes.
A．given away B．kept away C．taken up D．put up
【变式4】（2022·江苏·梅岭中学教育集团运河中学二模）—I’m sorry to ________ on you, but could you raise your voice a little?
—OK, I will.
A．cut down B．cut off C．cut out D．cut in
【变式5】（2022·江苏·靖江市滨江学校三模）—Good news! A company producing a special battery will be set up in Taizhou.
—True! A series of new policies (政策) have ________ the use of new energy cars around China recently.
A．pushed in B．put out C．pushed for D．put off
【变式6】（2022·江苏·扬州中学教育集团树人学校三模）—In his livestreams, Liu Genghong appears energetic, friendly and super fit.
—Yes, he dances to up-beat songs while explaining and _____ his moves.
A．breaking out B．breaking down C．breaking through D．breaking into
【变式7】（2022·江苏·连云港外国语学校二模）Meng Wanzhou arrived _______ Shenzhen, Guangdong _______ the afternoon of Sept 25, after being legally held for three years in Canada.
A．in;in B．at;on C．at;in D．in;on
【变式8】（2022·江苏·东台市实验中学三模）Many people haven’t realized that our natural resources will _________ one day, so it’s time to protect them.
A．break out B．put out C．turn out D．run out
【变式9】（2022·江苏·盐城市初级中学三模）In 1946, the United Nations ________ UNICEF to improve children’s lives after World War Ⅱ.
A．took up B．put up C．set up D．gave up
【变式10】（2022·江苏镇江·模拟预测）—P. E will be more important in the Entrance Examination for the high school.
—Don’t worry. Nothing will be difficult when you are willing to________ it.
A．pay attention to B．laugh at C．worry about D．hear of
【变式11】（2022·江苏无锡·模拟预测）—You are so excited, Simon! What happened?
—We won the writing competition, and the result ________ to be better than expected.
A．turned out B．found out C．worked out D．broke out
【变式12】（2022·江苏·苏州市金阊实验中学校一模）—Could we ________ the training time to 3:00 p.m., Mr Liu?     
—You mean 2:00 p.m. is a little earlier? Let’s discuss it with the coach.
A．find out B．give up C．cut out D．put off
【变式13】（2022·江苏·南通市新桥中学一模）Actions speak louder than words. You should ________ your study plan as soon as possible.
A．work out B．turn out C．put out D．carry out
【变式14】（2022·江苏·射阳县第三中学一模）—The music is very beautiful, but I’m afraid it is too loud. Could you please ________?
—OK. I will.
A．turn it up B．turn it on C．turn it down D．turn it off
【变式15】（2022·江苏镇江·二模）Do you know that the colour white can help people ________ in time of fear?
A．look down B．calm down C．put down D．come down
【变式16】（2022·江苏省锡山高级中学实验学校三模）Every time little Andrew is late for school, he’ll ________ a lie. So I wonder what he will say this time.
A．set up B．put up C．pick up D．make up
考向三 情态动词

例1（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Miss Li. I don’t want to say sorry to Daniel.
—I’m afraid you ________. After all, you broke his glasses.
A．may B．have to C．mustn’t D．needn’t
例2（2022·江苏盐城·中考真题）Safety comes first. Everyone on the coach ________ wear the seat belt.
A．can B．can’t C．must D．mustn`t
例3（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）—I don’t care what Kate thinks.
—Well, you _______. Her suggestions are of some value.
A．would B．should C．might D．could
例4（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）Protect your hearing. Don’t wait until you ________ hear a thing.
A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t

情态动词
情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。
考点一：
1. can 的用法：
（1）.表示能力、许可、可能性。 表示能力时一般译为“能、会”， 即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may 和must 均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I can’t . 。I can see with my eyes.
（2）.表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary.   你可以用我的字典。
（3）.表示推测，意为“可能”， 常用于否定句和疑问句中， 此时can’t 译为“ 不可能”。 如：Can the news be true? 这个消息会是真的吗？—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗？—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。
2. could的用法：
（1）can的过去式，意为“ 能、 会”，表示过去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10. 
（2）could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时 could 没有过去式的意思。
Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗? —Yes, you can.可以。
3. may的用法：
（1）表示请求、许可，比can 正式，如：May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗？
You may go home now. 现在你可以回家了。
（2）表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“ 可能， 或许”，一般用于肯定句中。
如：It may rain tomorrow . 明天可能会下雨。
（3）may的过去式为might ，表示推测时。可能性低于may。如：He is away from school. He might be sick.
（4）表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V
如：May you have a good time. 祝你过得愉快。 May you succeed！祝你成功！
4. must的用法：
（1）must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。
如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。
注意区分must 和have to 的区别：
1. must 侧重说话者的主观看法，认为有必要有义务去做某事。have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不，被迫”之意。
如：My bike was broken yesterday, so I had to walk to school. 昨天我的自行车坏了，所以我只能走路去学校。
（2） 其否定形式mustn’t表示“ 一定不要 ” “千万别” “禁止, 不许”.
如：You mustn’t play with fire.  你不许玩火
（3）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t  或 don’t have to .
如：Must I finish my homework?我现在必须完成作业吗？—No, you needn’t.不，你不必。
(4) must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.
5. need的用法：
（1）need 表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为needn’t，意为“没有必要，不必”。 用need 提问时，肯定回答为 must，否定回答为 needn’t。
如：—Need I stay here any longer?  我还有必要留在这儿吗？—Yes, you must .是的。—No. you needn’t.
（2）need 还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。
如：I need to do it right now. 我需要马上做这件事。
6. should的用法：
（1）should 意为“应该” ,可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。 如：We should protect the environment.
7. had better的用法：
had better do sth最好做某事，一般用在肯定句。如：You’d better get some sleep.
不用于疑问句。否定式：had better not do sth.
如：You’d better not waste any more of your time.

【易错警示】
考点二: 不同情态动词的否定意义也不同：
1.（1）can’t可译为“不会”， 如：I can’t play basketball. 我不会打篮球。
（2）当句子表推测时，用can’t 表达不可能， 如：He can’t be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.
2. may的否定式为 may not，译成“ 可能不”，如：He may not be at home. 他也许不在家。
3.（1）mustn’t 表示不许，不可。如：He mustn’t leave his room. 他不许离开他的房间。
(2) mustn’t 也可用于以 may 表示要求时的否定回答中。如：—May I stand here?  我可以站在这里吗？—No, you mustn’t (can’t). 不，不行。
4.（1）needn’t 意为“ 不必”。如：You needn’t meet him unless you’d like to.你不需要见他，除非你愿意。
5. shouldn’t 表示不应该。如：You shouldn’t feel so unhappy over such little things. 对于这种小事，你不应该感到这么不高兴。

【变式1】（2022·江苏省淮阴中学开明分校二模）We ________ wear masks in public to keep away from COVID-19.
A．must B．could C．may D．need
【变式2】（2022·江苏·无锡外国语学校二模）—How is it going in your new company?        
—It ________ be better. I’m always in high spirits at work.
A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．mustn’t D．may not
【变式3】（2022·江苏·连云港外国语学校二模）Dad signed for a package (包裹) just now. I’m sure it ________ be a “Bing Dwen Dwen” from my uncle in Beijing.
A．may B．should C．must D．can
【变式4】（2022·江苏·常州市武进区星辰实验学校二模）—The designer has tried every possible way to make the phone light enough.
—That’s great! I ________ worry about its weight then.
A．can’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t
【变式5】（2022·江苏·东台市实验中学三模）Mobile phones and electronic calculators _________ be brought into exam rooms at exam times.
A．couldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．don’t have to
【变式6】（2022·江苏·盐城市初级中学三模）He was so clever that he ________ play the piano at the age of 5.
A．can B．may C．could D．must
【变式7】（2022·江苏·射阳县第三中学一模）—I can’t stop playing computer games.
—For your health, my boy. I’m afraid you ______.
A．can B．may C．will D．have to
【变式8】（2023·江苏·无锡外国语学校一模）You may not be able to control all the things that happen to you, but you _______ decide not to be reduced by them.
A．should B．must C．need D．can
【变式9】（2022·江苏镇江·模拟预测）—Who is the boy under the tree?
—He _________ be Tom’s brother, I’m not sure.
A．may B．can’t C．must D．shouldn’t
【变式10】（2022·江苏·射阳县第三中学一模）—I’m fined for over-speeding? Are you serious?
—Sure, madam. You ________ ride your electric bike at the speed of over 25 km ph.
A．may not B．may C．mustn’t D．must
【变式11】（2022·江苏宿迁·三模）—________ I take the newspapers and magazines out of the library, Miss Green?
—No, you mustn’t. You can read it only here.
A．May B．Must C．Need D．Should
【变式12】（2022·江苏无锡·模拟预测）—Mum, why do I have to wash my hands so often?
—For your health, you ________ be too careful.
A．cannot B．may not C．mustn’t D．needn’t
【变式13】（2022·江苏南通·模拟预测）—Look! The man who is playing basketball with the boys must be Mr Wang.
—It _________ be him. He went abroad for further study yesterday.
A．needn’t B．may not C．can’t D．mustn’t
【变式14】（2022·江苏宿迁·三模）State Security (安全) Law of the People’s Republic of China shows that we ________ provide any information to foreigners.
A．shouldn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t
【变式15】（2022·江苏泰州·二模）Mr. Wu tells me that we ________ come to the library every time. We ________ renew books online.
A．can’t; can B．mustn’t; must
C．needn’t; can D．shouldn’t; may
【变式16】（2022·江苏常州·二模）Since he has finished most of his homework at school, he ________stay up late tonight.
A．can’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．mustn’t
【变式17】（2022·江苏无锡·二模）—Stephen is hard-working at work, isn’t he?
—Stephen? You ________be joking. He does nothing.
A．must B．need C．can D．may
【变式18】（2022·江苏·宿迁市宿豫区教育局教研室二模）—He ________ be in the classroom.
—No. I saw him go home a minute ago.
A．should B．can C．may D．shouldn’t
【变式19】（2022·江苏苏州·二模）Your answer ________ be right, but I’m going to check to make sure.
A．might B．can’t C．must D．needn’t