2023届统考版高考英语二轮专项分层特训热点话题三关爱人类命运共创美好未来含答案

这是一份2023届统考版高考英语二轮专项分层特训热点话题三关爱人类命运共创美好未来含答案，共10页。
A
[2022·潍坊市高考模拟]It's a simple yet effective message that appeals, and leads t a satisfying way f mtivating us t prmte envirnmentalism in ur wn way.
Brn in Nairbi, Lesein Mutunkei is in his late teens, and his Trees4Gals is the means with which he intends t make the wrld greener. It unites tw f his self­declared passins in life: lve f the utdrs, with his lve f ftball. Lesein enjyed walking in the frest, but he recgnized that his cuntry was experiencing a serius lss f tree cver. Between 2001 and 2020, Kenya lst an estimated 11% f trees, releasing as many as 176 millin tns f CO2.
In a blg pst fr WWF Kenya, Lesein revealed that, nce he started the Trees4Gals initiative, he riginally planned t plant ne tree per gal. By 2020, he wanted t take his effrts even further. What started as ne tree planted per gal mushrmed int 11 trees planted per gal. Explaining the reasning behind expanding the tree­planting, he said, “It represents team effrt in ftball and the cntributin by my team. I have managed t hit the 1，000th tree milestne in the last tw years.”
While it's smething f an wn__gal t destry the frests and jungles prviding enrmus bidiversity, innvative initiatives like Trees4Gals are an assured way t scre an envirnmentalist hat­trick. Ftball is ppular. It cuts thrugh cultural barriers irrespective f the cuntry it is played in. By increasing the trees planted per gal, with mre such initiatives springing up, even mre will be grwn.
Like a seed, best ideas start small and change int smething that can becme far larger than anticipated.While Lesein cntinues planting 11 trees per gal, Kenyan gvernment is aiming t ensure the planting f 1.8 billin trees t reach 10% frest cverage. The science behind is clear: if 900 millin hectares are devted t half a trillin trees, the wrld can ffset (抵消) half f all carbn released since 1960.
1．What gave Lesein the idea f launching the prject?
A．Release f t much CO2.
B．Dream f mtivating thers.
C．Passin fr sprts and nature.
D．Habit f exercising in the wds.
2．What did Lesein d in 2020?
A．He created a blg fr WWF.
B．He multiplied his cmmitment.
C．He planted ne tree fr each gal.
D．He extended his wrk t ther teams.
3．What d the underlined wrds “wn gal” in Paragraph 4 refer t?
A．Aim that is intended t achieve.
B．Actin that harms ne's wn interests.
C．Pursuit tward which effrt is directed.
D．Gal that is scred fr the ppsing team.
4．Whar can we learn frm Lesein's stry?
A．United, we win.
B．N pains, n gains.
C．Lve me ，lve my dg.
D．Small deeds, big difference.
B
[2022·郑州市高三质检]The Amazn rainfrest is mving twards a tipping pint past which trees will start t die ff in large numbers, researchers have said.
The study was cnducted by schlars frm the University f Exeter, the Ptsdam Institute fr Climate Impact Research (PIK) and the Technical University f Munich. They used three decades f satellite data t examine trends in defrestatin (毁林).
They calculated that abut 75% f the rainfrest is nw at risk f being unable t recver when experiencing drughts (旱灾), which are als increasingly mre cmmn due t glbal warming.
“Defrestatin and climate change are likely t be the main drivers f this decline，” Niklas Bers f PIK and the Technical University f Munich said. The study has predicted that it is nly a matter f decades until a fairly large amunt f the Amazn is transfrmed frm rainfrest int savannah (大草原).
The destructin (破坏) f the Amazn rainfrest, in sme ways caused by glbal warming, will als speed up this__prcess. “The Amazn stres lts f carbn and all f that wuld enter the atmsphere，which wuld then further cntribute t increasing temperatures and have future effects n glbal average temperatures，” Dr. Bultn f the University f Exeter said.
This wrrying snwball effect means that the destructin f the Amazn will make the much larger battle against glbal warming mre difficult.
The destructin f the Amazn wuld als have a huge effect n the eclgy f the earth. The Amazn rainfrest is hme t mre than 30，000 species f plants, 2.5 millin species f insects, 2，500 fish species, mre than 1，500 bird species, 550 reptiles, and 500 mammals, accrding t the Wildlife Cnservatin Sciety. A savannah envirnment that lacks a large variety f plant life, wuld be unable t hst the large and varied ecsystems that currently exist in the rainfrest. It is likely that a large number f species wuld becme endangered r even die ut, as they wuld be unable t adjust t this new ecsystem.
5．What can be knwn abut the study?
A．The Amazn rainfrest has lst its ability t recver.
B．Much f the Amazn rainfrest has becme a savannah.
C．One­furth f the Amazn rainfrest has already died ut.
D．The Amazn rainfrest is increasingly endangered by drughts.
6．The underlined part “this prcess” in Paragraph 5 prbably refers t “________”．
A．lts f carbn entering the atmsphere
B．the destructin f the Amazn rainfrest
C．the Amazn rainfrest transfrming int grassland
D.the gradual change f glbal average temperatures
7．What will be a result f the destructin f the Amazn rainfrest?
A．The ecsystem f the earth will be damaged.
B．Many wildlife species will mve t ther places.
C．Drughts will becme increasingly mre cmmn.
D．A decreased amunt f carbn will g int the air.
8．Why des the authr list the numbers f different species?
A．T explain why a savannah cannt hst s many species.
B．T intrduce measures needed t prtect the bidiversity.
C．T stress the eclgical imprtance f the Amazn rainfrest.
D．T shw what new ecsystem is needed t hst these species.
[答题区]
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2022·河南省名校联盟冲刺压轴卷]One Kenyan wman, Nzambi Matee, saw much plastic waste arund. Tired f __1__ and waiting fr the gvernment t slve all the prblems related t plastic __2__， she decided t take actin—she was referring t starting her cmpany, Gjenge Makers.
At first, her team wuld srt and __3__ plastic waste t ther recycling cmpanies. When they __4__ mre than the cmpanies culd take，__5__， they began t think utside the bx. Mixing plastic with sand, they discvered a way t __6__ plastic bricks. They're seven times as strng as cncrete but weigh half as much. Even better, they're mre __7__ than traditinal bricks, csting nly abut a tenth as much.
“Here in Nairbi, we generate abut 500 tns f plastic waste every day and nly a small part f that is __8__，” Nzambi said. “ __9__ , mst factries have t pay t __10__ the waste, but nw we have made them free f the __11__ .”
These innvative __12__ are being used t make driveways, sidewalks and rads, but Nzambi's __13__ is t ne day create sme bricks that can be used in building cnstructin. But nw, her cmpany is already making a huge __14__. “We right nw have the ability t __15__ 1，000 t 1，500 bricks a day，” Nzambi said. “S far we have recycled 20 tns f plastic, and we are __16__ pushing that figure t 50 by the end f next year.”
Part f Gjenge Makers' task is t __17__ waste pllutin first in Kenya and then in Africa as a whle, but their lng­term gals are even mre __18__. Accrding t Nzambi, they want t __19__ ther peple r cmpanies t d __20__ things in different places., up B．sitting arund
C．celebrating D．participating
2．A.market B．price
C．pllutin D．design
3．A.we B．sell
C．shw D．lend
4．A.cleaned B．dnated
C．cnsumed D．cllected
5．A.hwever B．besides
C．therwise D．instead
6．A.mark B．pile
C．create D．mve
7．A.affrdable B．pwerful
C．flexible D．cmplex
8．A.hidden B．recycled
C．calculated D．studied
9．A.Originally B．Frtunately
C．Suddenly D．Hpefully
10．A.put up B．give away
C．deal with D．take in
11．A.hbby B．prblem
C．trick D．cmpetitin
12．A.gifts B．factries
C．bricks D．buildings
13．A.chance B．permissin
C．way D．gal
14．A.cnclusin B．debate
C．difference D．cmparisn
15．A.bury B．replace
C．thrw D．prduce
16．A.cnsidering B．pstpning
C．missing D．aviding
17．A.ignre B．mentin
C．analyze D．reduce
18．A.ambitius B．cntrversial
C．randm D．steady
19．A.frce B．mtivate
C．warn D．frbid
20．A.easy B．safe
C．fair D．similar
[答题区]
1～5 ________ 6～10 ________
11～15 ________ 16～20 ________
热点话题三 关爱人类命运 共创美好未来
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——保护环境——Trees4Gals项目
【文章大意】 肯尼亚的一个少年开创了一个项目Trees4Gals，目的是提高肯尼亚的森林覆盖率。
1．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“It unites tw f his self­declared passins in life: lve f the utdrs, with his lve f ftball”可知，正是对于足球和户外的热爱，才使他开创了这个项目。
2．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段的“By per gal”可知，到2020年，他想进一步努力。一开始，每个目标只种一棵树，现在变成了每个目标种11棵树。由此可知，他加大了自己的投入。
3．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的“t destry the frests and jungles prviding enrmus bidiversity”，并结合常识可知，破坏森林和丛林的行为是对自己不好的行为。
4．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Like a than anticipated”可知，就像一粒种子，最好的想法从小事开始，然后变成比预期更大的事情。由此可知，文章主要表达的是从小事做起，往往能带来大的影响。united, we win“团结，我们就会赢”； n pains, n gains“不劳则无获”；lve me, lve my dg“爱屋及乌”；small deeds, big difference“小事成就大不同”。故选D项。
B
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——全球变暖对亚马孙雨林的影响
【文章大意】 全球变暖将导致亚马孙雨林的树木大量死去，最终变成大草原。
5．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，亚马孙雨林正朝着一个临界点前进，过了这个临界点，树木将开始大量死亡；根据第三段“They calculated glbal warming”可知，目前约75%的雨林面临着无法在旱灾后恢复的风险，由于全球变暖，旱灾也变得越来越普遍。据此可知，从研究中我们可以知道，亚马孙雨林正因为旱灾而面临危险。
6．答案与解析：C 词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“The destructin （破坏） up this prcess”可知，在某些方面由全球变暖造成的亚马孙雨林的破坏，也将加速这一进程。据此可知，“这一进程”是指上文所提到的由全球变暖造成的亚马孙雨林的破坏方面的变化。根据第四段中“The study savannah（大草原）”可知，这项研究预测，只需几十年的时间，就会有相当大一部分亚马孙雨林转变为大草原。据此可知，this prcess是指“有相当大一部分亚马孙雨林转变为大草原”。
7．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The destructin the earth”可知，亚马孙雨林毁坏的结果是地球生态系统会遭到巨大的破坏。
8．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。通读最后一段可知，亚马孙雨林是3万多种植物、250万种昆虫、2 500种鱼类、1 500多种鸟类、550种爬行动物和500种哺乳动物的家园。草原环境缺乏多种多样的植物，无法容纳目前存在于热带雨林中的多种多样的大型生态系统。据此可以推知，作者在最后一段列举许多的数字是想强调亚马孙雨林的生态系统很重要。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。一位名叫Nzambi Matee的女士创建了一家公司，她率领公司人员使用塑料垃圾生产一种质优价廉的砖块。此举将塑料垃圾变废为宝，从而减少了环境污染。
1．答案与解析：B 根据“waiting fr the gvernment t slve all the prblems related t plastic 2 ，”可知，Nzambi Matee厌倦了闲坐着（sitting arund），等待着政府解决问题。
2．答案与解析：C 句意：厌倦了坐着等着政府解决所有与塑料污染有关的问题，她决定采取行动——她指的是创办自己的公司——Gjenge Makers。 根据“One Kenyan wman, Nzambi Matee, saw much plastic waste arund.”可知，Nzambi解决的是关于塑料污染的问题。
3．答案与解析：B 句意：起初，她的团队会将塑料垃圾分类并出售给其他回收公司。 根据“plastic waste t ther recycling cmpanies.”可知，最开始的时候，Nzambi是将塑料垃圾出售给其他回收公司。
4．答案与解析：D 句意：然而，当他们收集的东西超过这些公司所能接受的时候，他们开始跳出思维定势。 根据“At first, her team wuld srt and 3 plastic waste t ther recycling cmpanies.”可知，他们只是收集的塑料垃圾。
5．答案与解析：A 根据“they began t think utside the bx.”可知，前后句之间为转折关系。然而 ，当他们收集的塑料垃圾超过回收公司能够接受的量的时候，他们开始跳出常规思维。
6．答案与解析：C 句意：他们将塑料和沙子混合，发现了一种制造塑料砖块的方法。 根据“Mixing plastic with sand, they discvered a way”可知，他们发现了一种制造（create）塑料砖块的方法。
7．答案与解析：A 句意：更妙的是，它们比传统砖块更实惠，成本只有传统砖块的十分之一左右。 根据“csting nly abut a tenth as much.”可知，他们创造的塑料砖块比传统的砖块更实惠，故选A。
8．答案与解析：B 句意：“在内罗毕，我们每天产生大约500吨塑料垃圾，只有一小部分被回收，”Nzambi说。 根据“Here in Nairbi, we generate abut 500 tns f plastic waste every day”可知，只有很少部分的塑料垃圾被回收利用（recycled）。
9．答案与解析：A 句意：起初，大多数工厂都要花钱处理垃圾，但现在我们已经让他们摆脱了这个问题。根据“mst factries have t pay t 10 the waste，”可知，最初（Originally），大部分工厂不得不付费处理垃圾。
10．答案与解析：C 根据“mst factries have t pay”可知，大部分工厂不得不付费处理（deal with）垃圾。
11．答案与解析：B 根据“mst factries have t pay t 10 the waste，”可知，Nzambi的公司帮助他们解决了需要付费处理垃圾的问题（prblem）。
12．答案与解析：C 根据“Mixing plastic with sand, they discvered a way t 6 plastic bricks.”可知，这些创新的塑料砖块（bricks）被用来建造车道、人行道和道路。
13．答案与解析：D 句意：这些创新砖块被用于制造汽车车道、人行道和道路，但Nzambi的目标是有一天制造出一些可以用于建筑施工的砖块。 根据“ne day create sme bricks that can be used in building cnstructin.”可知， Nzambi的目标（gal）是有一天创造出一些可以用于建筑施工的砖块。
14．答案与解析：C 根据“‘We right nw have the ability t 15 1，000 t 1，500 bricks a day，’ Nzambi said. ‘S far we have recycled 20 tns f plastic, and we are 16 pushing that figure t 50 by the end f next year.’”可知，Nzambi的公司现在已经在发挥巨大的作用（difference）了。
15．答案与解析：D 根据“1，000 t 1，500 bricks a day，”可知，Nzambi的公司现在有能力每天生产（prduce）1 000到1 500块砖。
16．答案与解析：A 句意：到目前为止，我们已经回收了20吨塑料，我们正在考虑到明年年底将这一数字提高到50吨。 根据“that figure t 50 by the end f next year.”可知，Nzambi正在考虑（cnsidering）到明年年底把这个产量提高。
17．答案与解析：D 句意：Gjenge Makers的部分任务是首先在肯尼亚减少废物污染，然后在整个非洲，但是他们的长期目标更加雄心勃勃。 根据“Part f Gjenge Makers' task”可知，Gjenge Makers公司的部分使命是首先减少（reduce）肯尼亚的垃圾污染，然后减少整个非洲的垃圾污染。
18．答案与解析：A 句意：Gjenge Makers的部分任务是首先在肯尼亚减少废物污染，然后在整个非洲，但是他们的长期目标更加雄心勃勃。 根据“Accrding t Nzambi, they want t 19 ther peple r cmpanies t d 20 things in different places.”可知，他们有更加雄心勃勃的（ambitius）长远目标。
19．答案与解析：B 他们想激励（mtivate）其他人或公司在不同的地方做类似的事情。
20．答案与解析：D 句意：据Nzambi说，他们想要激励其他人或公司在不同的地方做类似的事情。 根据“in different places.”可知，他们想激励其他人或公司在不同的地方做类似的（similar）事情。
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
答案