Unit 8 Grammar and Writing-七年级英语上册同步精品讲义（人教版）

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Unit 8 Grammar and Writing

目标导航


Grammar
序数词
Writing
介绍人物

知识精讲


短语语法专讲专练：一、序数词
知识点01 序数词定义
序数词是用来表示人或事物顺序的数词，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语或表语。
知识点02 序数词的构成。
基数词变序数词有规律可循：
1. 1-19:基数词后加－th（1、2、3、5、8、9、12除外）
four-fourth,ten-tenth,eleven-eleventh,fifteen-fifteenth,nineteen nineteenth
2. 20以上的“几十几”：只将个位数变为序数词，十位数不变twenty-two-twenty-second,thirty-five-thirty-fifth
3. 20及以上的“整十”：把基数词词尾的－y变成－ie,再加－th
twenty-twentieth,fifty-fiftieth,eighty-eightieth
4. 1、2、3、5、8、9、12是特殊变化
one-first,two-second,three-third,five-fifth,eight-eighth,nine-ninth,twelve twelfth
巧记序数词
一二三特殊记，－th要从四加起；
八去t,九去e,f来把ve替；
整十变化需注意，把－y改为－ie再加－th;
若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。
温馨提示：
序数词常用缩写形式，即“阿拉伯数字＋序数词的后两个字母”。
first→1st second→2nd
twenty-fourth→24th
【即学即练1】
There are floors in this building. He lives on the floor.
A.thirty;nine B.thirtieth;nine C.thirtieth;ninth D.thirty;ninth
答案 D
知识点03 序数词的前面要不要the
序数词的前面往往加定冠词the,但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等修饰时，则不必加the.
March is the third month of a year.三月是一年中的第三个月。
My mother is my first teacher.我的妈妈是我的第一位老师。前有限定词，不加the
【即学即练2】
On her birthday, she got an iPad as a gift from her father.
A.twelve B.twelfth C.the twelve D.the twelfth
答案：B
知识点04 序数词可以用来表示顺序、编号等，但是应该放在名词的前面。
the fifth lesson 第五课
知识点05 如何编号
表示编号时既可以用序数词，也可以用基数词。用基数词表示编号时，则需要把基数词放在名词之后，且名词和基数词的首字母都要大写，不能加冠词。
Lesson Five=the fifth lesson 第五课
World War Two=the Second World War第二次世界大战
Room 321(读作：room three two one)321号房间
Class 3三班
Grade 7七年级
【即学即练3】
－Excuse me,sir.Here's a package for Lin Tao.Which room does he live in?
－ .
A.308 Room B.Room 308 C.room 308 D.The 308 Room
答案B
知识点06 序数词前用不定冠词
序数词前也可以用不定冠词a/an,这时表示在原有基础上的“又一个；再一个”。
You can bring a second apple here.你可以再拿一个苹果到这儿来。
【即学即练4】
You all failed in the exam（考试不及格）yesterday,so I want to give you chance(机会）。
A.one B.a second C.the third
解析：
用语境分析法解题。one意为“一个；一次”；a second意为“又一次；再一次”；the third意为“第三次”。由句中“。。failed in the exam(考试不及格）yesterday..”可知空格处指“再给一次机会”。答案B

短语语法专讲专练：二、名词所有格的构成
知识点07 名词所有格的构成
1.一般的单数名词在词尾直接加’s.
Jim's book吉姆的书
【即学即练5】
－When is （father) Day?
－On the third Sunday of June.
答案 father’
2.以－s结尾的复数名词在词尾加’。
the students' basketball学生们的篮球
【即学即练6】
The movie shows love for their children.
A.parents B.parent's C.parents'
答案C
3.不以－s结尾的复数名词在词尾加＇s.
Women's Day 妇女节
Children's Day 儿童节
4 表示无生命的事物的名词，通常用“of+名词”结构表示所属关系。
a map of China 中国地图
注意：（1)of+名词与＇s所有格有时可以互换，不过要注意它们物主的位置不同。
这只猫的名字是咪咪。
The name of the cat is Mimi.(of 结构中，物主 the cat 在of后）
The cat's name is Mimi.('s结构中，物主 the cat在＇s前）
（2)'s所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起，构成“of+所有格”形式，它通常表示部分概念，即全体中的一部分在意义上与“one of...”相似，它主要修饰 of前的那个名词。
试比较：
a picture of Xiaoming小明（本人）的照片
a picture of Xiaoming's小明（拥有的照片中）的一张照片
5表示共同的所属关系时，仅在最后一名词末尾加＇s;表示各自的所属关系时，名词末尾均须加＇s.
Tom and Tim's mother汤姆和蒂姆的妈妈
Tom's and Tim's rooms汤姆的房间和蒂姆的房间
【即学即练7】
－A boy is flying a kite over there.Who is he?
－He is brother.
A.Lucy's and Lily's B.Lucy and Lily's C.Lucy's and Lily
解析：
本题用语境分析法。结合语境可知空格后的“brother”是一个人，应是Lucy和Lily共有的“兄／弟”。表示两个人共同拥有，只在最后一个名词后加“s”。答案B
6.表示“店铺（理发店、面包房等）、诊所、某人的家”时，名词所有格后面一般省略它所修饰的名词。
Let's go to my uncle's to have dinner!让我们去我叔叔家吃晚饭吧！
7.有些表示时间、距离、度量衡、价值、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命的名词，也可以在词尾加＇s构成所有格。
today's newspapers今天的报纸
five minutes' walk 步行五分钟的路程
【即学即练8】
It's about from our school to my house.
A. 20 minutes'walk B.20 minute's walk C. walk of 20 minutes D.20 minutes'walks
解析：
本题用语法判定法解题。句意为“从我们学校到我家步行大约是20分钟的路程”。表示时间、距离等无生命的名词所有格时，在词尾加＇s,以－s结尾的复数名词在词尾加“””。所以表示“步行20分钟的路程”，用20 minutes' walk. 答案 A

能力拓展


考法01 单元话题书面表达：介绍人物
【典例1】
单元话题
假如你是Mike,请你给你的朋友Anma写一个便条，邀请她参加你们学校12月29日举办的英语聚会。词数：60左右。
审题指导（把握中心，得方向分）
1.明确书信格式：称谓、落款等。
2.注意日期的表达，一般按照月、日、年的顺序。如果加星期，则把星期放在最前面。
如：2021年12月18日星期六，则为Saturday,Dec.18th,2021.
写作方法（学会方法，巧得高分）
“五要素法”写通知便条类作文
通知便条类作文的五要素：对象、事件、时间、地点、期待。
写作模板（学会套路，得基本分）
开头对象Dear CCC,
正文
事件I know you like English very much.Do you want to come to...?/Would you like to come to...?
时间地点The party will(将会） begin at...in the evening.
期待Please come and have a good time with us./I hope you can come and play with us together!
结尾 落款XXX
经典词句（妙用句式，得出彩分）
单词October,April,July,August,fun,interesting,relaxing..
短语soccer/basketball game,school trip, English party/test,School/Sports,/English Day,book sale,art festival,have a good time
句子
We have...on...
范文赏析（书写工整，得印象分）
Dear Anna,
I know you like English very much and you often watch English games on TV. Do you want to come to my school next week? We have an English party on December 29th. I think it's good for your English. At the party, we have some interesting and fun things for everyone,too.
Please come and have a good time with us!
Mike

名师点评
本文运用了“五要素法”写通知便条。
第一：对象：Anna;
事件 : have an English party;
时间：next week, December 29th;
地点：my(Mike's) school;
期待：Please come and have a good time with us !
第二：叙述清楚，内容全面。
第三：watch English games on TV; have an English party;At the party, we have some interesting and fun things for everyone,too.Please come and have a good time with us!等短语及句子的运用，使语言更加丰富多彩，语意更为通顺连贯。

分层提分


题组A 基础过关练
一、单项选择
1．There are two ________ doctors in this hospital; ________ of them are women doctors.
A．hundred; two fifth B．hundred; two fifths
C．hundreds; two fifth D．hundreds; two fifths
2．Last Saturday was Peter’s ________ birthday. We had a nice birthday party.
A．twelve B．the twelfth C．the twelve D．twelfth
3．Christmas Day is on ________ of December.
A．twenty-five B．the twenty-five C．twenty-fifth D．the twenty-fifth
4．—Henry, have you seen the English book on the ________ desk? If you see it, please take it to the ________ office.
—OK.
A．teachers’; teachers’ B．teacher’s; teachers’ C．teacher’s; teacher’s D．teacher; teacher
5．Today is my grandfather’s ________ birthday.
A．seventy B．seventieth C．the seventieth D．seventeenth
6．—Is this ________ room, Lucy?
—No, it isn’t. It’s ________ room.
A．your; Lily’s B．her; Lily C．you; Lily D．my; Lily’s
7．New Year’s Day (元旦) is on January ________.
A．1th B．1st C．1rd D．2nd
8．December is the ________month of the year.
A．twelve B．tenth C．twelveth D．twelfth
9．August is the ________ month of the year .
A．eighth B．ninth C．eight D．nine
10．May is ________ month of the year.
A．five B．fifth C．fourth D．the fifth
11．My mother’s birthday is on ________.
A．July 22nd B．July 22st C．July 22th D．22nd
12．Tom is a ________ boy. Today is his ________ birthday.
A．twenty-two years old, twentieth-second B．twenty-two-year-old, twentieth-two
C．twenty-two years old, twenty-second D．twenty-two-year-old, twenty-second
13．John is ________ years old. Today is his ________ birthday.
A．nine; nine B．ninth; ninth C．nine; ninth D．ninth; nine
14．This is my __________ term in the middle school.
A．one B．the first C．the one D．first
15．______ rooms are very tidy. They clean them every day.
A．Tina’s and Gina’s B．Tina and Gina’s C．Tina’s and Gina D．Tina and Gina
16．The bedroom is ____________. They share it.
A．Tom’s and Tim B．Tom and Tim’s
C．Tom and Tim D．Tom’s and Tim’s
17．Mrs. Green is ________ grandmother.
A．Jim and Kate B．Jim and Kate’s C．Jim’s and Kate’s D．Jim and Kates’
18．Many children don’t know their ________.
A．parent’s birthdays B．parents’ birthdaies C．parents’ birthdays
19．J. K. Rowling finished her ________ novel when she was ________.
A．six; forties B．sixth; forty C．sixth; fortieth D．six; forty
20．—My son is________ years old. Today is his _______ birthday.
A．twelve; twelve B．twelve; twelfth C．twelfth; twelve D．twelfth; twelfth
二、完成句子
1．—这本字典呢?
—它是Helen的。
—________ ________ this dictionary?
—It’s ________.
2．教师节是在九月十日。
________ Day is on the ________.
3．我计划七月到国外庆祝我的20岁生日。
I plan to go abroad to celebrate my ____________ birthday in July.
4．如果你想与别人交朋友，诚实是第一步。
Being honest is ________ ________ ________ if you want to make friends with others.
5．在辛苦工作一周之后，我想通过观看音乐剧《猫》放松一下我自己。
_______________________________, I want to relax myself by watching the musical Cats.
6．因为大雪，一半的人上班迟到了。
________ ________ ________ ________ were late for work because of the heavy snow.
7．这位女演员赢得了剧场里每一位观众的心。
The actress ______ ______ ______ ______ everyone in the theatre.
8．Peter画的画没有Lily画的好。
Peter’s drawing isn’t _________ __________ _________ _________.
题组B 能力提升练
一、完形填空
Hi! I’m Wang Mei. It’s my Chinese name. I am _____1_____ English girl. I’m ___2___. I have a ___3___ and a sister. My brother is ten and my sister is ___4___ five. My birthday is on April ___5___. My brother’s birthday is on September 14th. And my sister’s birthday is ___6___ September, too.
It is February 12th today. It’s my ___7___ birthday. A big cake is ___8___ the table. Some fruits are also on it. Do you like ___9___? Come to my mother’s birthday party and ____10____ the cake and the fruits.
1．A．an B．a C．the D．/
2．A．thirteenth B．the thirteenth C．thirteen D．a thirteen
3．A．sister B．brother C．cousin D．mother
4．A．also B．only C．very D．too
5．A．28th B．30nd C．31nd D．32st
6．A．in B．on C．at D．to
7．A．father’s B．sister’s C．mother’s D．brother’s
8．A．in B．on C．under D．for
9．A．their B．they C．them D．me
10．A．have B．want C．sell D．eats
二、阅读理解
My name is Alan. I’m English. I’m 13 years old. My birthday is on June 15th. I have a good friend. His name is Dave. We like basketball very much. We often play it after school. Our school has a basketball game every month. Dave and I are in the school basketball team. We like watching NBA on TV, too. Our favorite basketball player is Kobe. He plays really well. His birthday is on August 23rd. We like him very much.
1．Alan’s birthday is on ________.
A．July 1st B．June 15th C．April 3rd D．September 4th
2．Dave is Alan’s ________.
A．brother B．cousin C．friend D．uncle
3．Alan’s school has a basketball game every ________.
A．month B．year C．day D．Sunday
4．Kobe is a great ________ player.
A．soccer B．ping-pong C．basketball D．baseball
5．Kobe’s birthday is on ________.
A．September 21st B．August 23rd C．October 10th D．November 11th
三、填写适当的单词补全对话
— ___1__ is your birthday?             你的生日是什么时候？
— My birthday is _______2_______.   我的生日是七月一号。
— ___3___ is your father’s birthday?   你爸爸的生日是什么时候？
— It’s on ______4_______.               是十一月八号。
题组C 培优拔尖练
一、单项选择
1．（2020·江苏常州·模拟预测）The number of the students in our grade________ about________, and three ________ of the students in our school are girls.
A．are; six hundreds; fifths B．is; six hundred; fifths
C．is; six hundred; five D．are; six hundreds; five
2．（2019·广东·一模）As she was born on ________ of February, she has celebrated ________ birthdays since her birth.
A．twenty-nine; five B．twenty-nine; the fifth C．the twenty-ninth ; five D．the twenty-ninth ; the fifth
3．（2019·广东·东莞市南开实验学校一模）There are students in their school. of them are foreign students.
A．two thousands; Two thirds B．two thousand; Two thirds
C．thousands of; Second thirds D．thousands of; Two third
4．（2018·广东广州·一模）July I st of 2018 is the _________ birthday of the CPC(中国共产党)
A．ninety—seventh B．ninety—seven C．ninetieth—seventh
5．（2018·内蒙古巴彦淖尔·中考真题）Peter will be an elder brother． His parents are going to have ______child．
A．two B．twice C．second D．the second
6．（2021·浙江·北大新世纪温州附属学校九年级竞赛）This is Mr White’s ______ trip to Beijing. He has been there twice before.
A．first B．second C．third D．fourth
7．（2020·全国·七年级竞赛）On the___________ school day, ___________ Green says hello to her new students.
A．one; Mr. B．one; Mrs. C．first; Mr. D．first; Miss
8．（2020·全国·七年级竞赛）—How old is your brother?
—He is______________. We had a special party for his ______________birthday last Friday.
A．nine; nine B．nine; ninth C．ninth; ninth D．ninth; nine
9．（2019·湖南·长郡中学九年级竞赛）Tomorrow is my uncle's   ________ birthday. He will be ________ years old.
A．forty; fortieth B．forty; forty C．fortieth: forty
10．（2021·安徽·芜湖市第二十九中学七年级竞赛）To finish the task, we’ve tried three times, and after dinner we’ll try _________ time.
A．the fourth B．a fourth C．fourth D．four
11．（2020·甘肃·古浪县第二中学七年级竞赛）The boy is _______. Today is his _______ birthday.
A．twelfth; twelfth B．twelve; twelve
C．twelve; twelfth D．twelfth; twelve
12．（2019·上海·模拟预测）The ______ changing rooms are not here; they are over there.
A．man B．man’s C．men D．men’s
13．（2018·上海长宁·二模）Ted, a friend of _____ is keeping on taking an active part in sports regularly.
A．my B．mine C．me D．myself
14．（2022·甘肃·天水市麦积区教学研究室一模）__________ mother is a worker.
A．Mary and Mike's B．Mary's and Mike's
C．Mary's and Mike D．Mary and Mike
15．（2020·山东青岛·中考真题）—Is this hat ________?
—No, the red one is ________.
A．Lucy's; her B．Lucy; her C．Lucy's; hers D．Lucy; hers
16．（2022·重庆·一模）The hospital is _________ from here.
A．forty minutes’s walk B．forty minute’s walk C．forty minutes walk D．forty minutes’ walk
17．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）— How far is it from Harbin to Beijing?
— It’s about four ________ ride by high-speed train.
A．hour B．hour’s C．hours’
18．（2022·四川乐山·一模）—Who is Miss Wang with standing near the school gate?
—I guess a friend of ________. They are talking and laughing now.
A．her B．hers C．herself
19．（2022·四川凉山·一模）________ mothers can’t come to school on School Day because they have to work.
A．Bob and Alan’s B．Bob’s and Alan’s C．Bob and Alan D．Bob’s and Alan
20．（2022·四川·富顺第三中学校二模）On ________ Day, all of the ________ teachers received beautiful flowers in our school.
A．Woman’s, woman B．Women’s, woman C．Women’s, women
二、完成句子
1．（2022·湖北十堰·二模）学校离我家远，走路大约30分钟的路程。
My home is far from the school. It’s about ________.
2．（2022·陕西·二模）网络节目给世界带来了中国之美。
Online shows bring _____________ China to the whole world.
3．（2022·山东·模拟预测）We had a good time that day, but the _________ __________ trip was pretty bad.
那天我们玩的很开心，但第二天的旅行却很不好。
4．（2021·新疆·模拟预测）钟南山是我们民族的骄傲，我们应该向他学习。
Zhong Nanshan is the ___________ __________ our country. We should learn from him.
5．（2018·全国·七年级专题练习）我妹妹的生日是在10月1日。
________ ________ birthday is ________ ________ 1st.
6．（2022·全国·七年级课时练习）我的生日是2月2号。
My birthday is on ________ ________.
7．（2022·山东枣庄·三模）下周三将是我爷爷的九十岁大寿。
Next ________will be my grandfather’s ________birthday.
8．（2018·全国·七年级单元测试）Harry的公寓在十二层。
Harry’s flat is ______ ______ ______ floor.
9．（2021·湖北·黄石经济技术开发区教研室八年级期末）感恩节总是在十一月的第四个星期四。
Thanksgiving is always ______   _____   _____   _____ in November.
10．（2018·全国·九年级单元测试）我姨妈出生在19世纪。
My aunt was born _________ _________ _________ _________.
三、书面表达
假设你是王霞，请根据以下表格信息，以 “My favorite teacher”为题写一篇英语短文，介绍你最喜欢的老师。
要求：1. 60词左右；2. 要包括表格中所有信息，可适当拓展。
最喜欢的老师的名字Alice Smith
年龄28
生日7月18号
爱好：喜欢运动，最喜欢网球，经 常在周日和朋友们打网球
喜欢的理由
1. 她人有趣，课也有趣；
2. 课后经常和我们做游戏；
3. ……
My favorite teacher
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