2022-2023学年山西省榆次第一中学校高二上学期开学考试英语试卷含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年山西省榆次第一中学校高二上学期开学考试英语试卷含解析，共28页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分选择题和非选择题四部分， When can Mr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 2022~2023学年第一学期开学考试
高二英语
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题四部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围；外研版必修第一册～必修第三册。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At a hotel, B. On the road. C. In a supermarket.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A cook. B. A restaurant. C. A type of food.
3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Host and guest. C. Waiter and customer.
4. How does the man feel now?
A. Relieved. B. Regretful. C. Grateful.
5. When can Mr. Black see the man tomorrow?
A. At 9:15. B. At 11:00. C. At 12:50.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the man get to know Josh?
A At the man’s office B. At a birthday party. C. At a volleyball club
7. Who will the man most probably live with?
A. Josh. B. The woman. C. Jane.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the man want the woman to do?
A. Teach him to draw. B. Make some posters. C. Join a club.
9. What are some of the art students doing at the moment?
A. Taking part in a painting competition.
B. Designing advertisements for the school.
C. Making preparations for a big exhibition.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where will the speakers go tomorrow morning?
A. A restaurant. B. An art museum. C. A zoo.
11. What are the speakers going to do tomorrow afternoon?
A. See animals. B. Do some shopping. C. Take a walk on the beach.
12. How will the speakers go to the seashore?
A. By subway. B. By taxi. C. On foot.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Which university did the woman apply to?
A. Columbia University. B. Harvard University. C. The University of Michigan.
14. How was the woman’s interview going?
A. It was terrible. B. It was fine. C. It was difficult.
15. Why does the woman choose the medical school?
A. Her father asks her to do so
B. The man gives the advice.
C. She is interested in medicine.
16. What does the woman want to be?
A. A doctor. B. A reporter. C. A teacher.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why is Flight 571 put off?
A. The weather is terrible.
B. A passenger suddenly falls ill.
C. Something is wrong with the plane.
18. What is the destination of Flight 571?
A. Seattle B. Salem. C. Olympia.
19. What is the present weather like in Seattle?
A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny.
20. What will the passengers do next?
A. Return their tickets. B. Fasten the safety belts. C. Learn to use oxygen masks.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Every four years, the Winter Olympics surprise us with many new incredible athletes. Here’s a look at the biggest stars from the Beijing Games.
Eileen Gu, China, freestyle skiing
Gu, 18, was undoubtedly one of the biggest stars throughout the Olympics. One of just two athletes to compete in all three freestyle skiing events, Gu brought home a gold in big air and halfpipe and a silver in slopestyle. That made her the first freeski athlete to win three medals in a single Games. She also became the youngest gold medalist in freestyle skiing and was the first woman to land a left-turn 1620.
Nils van der Poel, Sweden, speed skating
The 25-year-old Swede set two Olympic records and one world record. Van der Poel won the men’s 5, 000m and 10, 000m speed skating events, and then subsequently （随后）published a 62-page guide on how to win the events. Van der Poel nearly quit speed skating after a disappointing 2018 Olympics. He joined the Swedish army for a basic ranger course before returning to the ice in 2019. Now, he's a two-time Olympic gold medalist.
Chloe Kim, USA, snowboarding
The 21-year-old Californian won her second straight Olympic gold in the women's halfpipe, becoming the first woman to win the event in back-to-back Games.
“I worked so hard for four years to get back here and do this again, ” Kim said after the event.
The American star is now a two-time gold medalist, and at her age, she could continue for years to come if she wants to.
Nathan Chen, USA, figure skating
Chen helped the US win bronze in the team event in 2018 before an event better run in Beijing. Team USA claimed silver in the team event, and the 22-yearold Chen won gold in the men’s singles competition. That gold medal came after winning singles gold in three straight World Championships（2018, 2019, 2021）.
1. Who is the youngest gold medalist in freestyle skiing?
A. Chloe Kim. B. Nils van der Poel. C. Eileen Gu. D. Nathan Chen.
2. What do we know about Nils van der Poel?
A. He is an American. B. He shared his ways to win in sports.
C. He never left ice sports. D. He did well in 2018 Olympics.
3. When did Chloe Kim win the first Olympic gold?
A. At the age of 17. B. At the age of 20.
C. At the age of 21. D. At the age of 25.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了冬奥会上闪现出的耀眼明星运动员。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Eileen Gu, China, freestyle skiing 部分 “She also became the youngest gold medalist in freestyle skiing and was the first woman to land a left-turn 1620. ”（她还成为自由式滑雪最年轻的金牌得主，并成为第一个左转弯1620度着陆的女性。）可知, 自由式滑雪最年轻的金牌得主是谷爱凌。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Nils van der Poel, Sweden, speed skating 部分“The 25-year-old Swede set two Olympic records and one world record. Van der Poel won the men's 5, 000m and 10, 000m speed skating events, and then subsequently （随后）published a 62-page guide on how to win the events. ”（这位25岁的瑞典人创造了两项奥运会纪录和一项世界纪录。 范德波尔赢得了男子5000米和10000米速滑比赛，随后出版了一本62页的如何赢得比赛的指南。）可知，Nils van der Poel在他出版的指南中分享了如何在赛事中取胜的方法。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Chloe Kim, USA, snowboarding 部分“The 21-year-old Californian won her second straight Olympic gold in the women’s halfpipe, becoming the first woman to win the event in back-to-back Games.”（这位21岁的加州选手在女子U型池比赛中赢得了她的第二枚奥运金牌，成为首位连续获得该项目的女子选手。）及下文“I worked so hard for four years to get back here and do this again, ”（我努力训练了四年才回到这里，并且再一次冲击金牌）可推断, Chloe Kim在上一届奥运会中夺得金牌时是17岁。故选A项。
B
I was traveling in Spain with my sister who was living there. I went into a bakery to order a couple of pastries(点心). There were different kinds of bread on a shelf, but only one kind had a little sign hanging from the shelf that said “something something borrachos”. I didn’t necessarily want that kind, but it was the only labeled one, so naturally I waved the guy behind the counter and ordered “dos borrachos por favor”.
I was pretty timid about my Spanish, so I whispered it. The men sitting near me all stopped talking and looked at me. The guy, very seriously, said, “que? quieras? (What do you want?)”
I shyly said again, with less confidence, “dos borrachos por favor.”
All the men around me started snickering(偷笑).
The guy again asked me what I wanted, and he was getting louder. He was raising his voice over the noise of the whole shop. He told me to speak up. Most of the tables now were also quiet.
I was getting a bit embarrassed. I thought he was making fun of my accent or I was pronouncing it wrong. I looked hard at the sign, made sure to pronounce correctly, and shouted “quiero dos borrachos! (I WANT 2 BORRACHOS!)”
He shouted, “aaaah, quieras dos BORRACHOS!” This time, he couldn’t keep a straight face and started guffawing(狂笑), and the rest in the shop followed.
I had no idea what was happening, so I just ran out, empty-handed and ashamed.
I came back and told my sister the story. She started laughing and explained “borrachos” means “drunk men” and the sign probably said that “drunk men were not welcome here” and that sign happened to hang under the shelf.
I had just shouted to a full shop that I WANTED a couple of drunk men.
4. Why did the author go to the shop?
A. To buy something to eat. B. To see her sister.
C. To find a drunk man. D. To practise her Spanish.
5. What does the underlined word “timid” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Confident. B. Curious. C. Unsure. D. Angry.
6. What made all the people in the shop laugh?
A. The author’s strange accent. B. The author’s wrong pronunciation.
C. The author’s shy behaviors. D. The author’s unusual order.
7. How was the author feeling when she left the shop?
A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Satisfied. D. Regretful.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在西班牙旅行时，由于不熟练西班牙语，在咖啡店买点心时而闹了笑话的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一自然段第二句话“I went into a bakery to order a couple of pastries(点心).(我走进一家面包店点了几份点心)”可知，作者到店里去是要买吃的。故选A项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第二自然段第一句话“I was pretty timid about my Spanish, so I whispered it.(我对我的西班牙语很timid，所以我就小声说了出来。)”其后半句“我小声说了出来”，说明作者对自己的西班牙语并没有把握，因为不确定，所以才小声说出来，可知该句中的timid一词表示“不确定的、没有把握的”。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题，根据文章第五段第一句话“The guy again asked me what I wanted, and he was getting louder.(那家伙又问我想要什么，他声音越来越大。)”和第六自然段最后一句话“I looked hard at the sign, made sure to pronounce correctly, and shouted “quiero dos borrachos! (I WANT 2 BORRACHOS!)” (我仔细看了看指示牌，确保发音正确，然后大喊‘quiero dos borrachos!(我要两个BORRACHOS!)’)”以及第七自然段“He shouted, “aaaah, quieras dos BORRACHOS!” This time, he couldn’t keep a straight face and started guffawing(狂笑), and the rest in the shop followed.(他喊道：‘啊，quieras dos BORRACHOS!’这一次，他忍不住狂笑，店里的其他人也跟着笑了起来。)”可知，店里的人大笑的原因是作者说要两个BORRACHOS；而根据倒数第二自然段“She started laughing and explained “borrachos” means “drunk men” and the sign probably said that “drunk men were not welcome here” and that sign happened to hang under the shelf.(她笑了起来，解释说‘borrachos’的意思是‘喝醉的男人’，牌子上可能写着‘这里不欢迎喝醉的男人’，而那个牌子正好挂在架子下面。)可知BORRACHOS指喝醉的男人，而作者当时并不知情，所以作者点了“两个喝醉的男人”，是这种不寻常的点餐方式使得店里的人大笑。故选D项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三自然段“I had no idea what was happening, so I just ran out, empty-handed and ashamed.(我不知道发生了什么，所以我就跑了出去，两手空空，羞愧难当。)”可知，作者当时跑出店的时候感到很尴尬。故选B项。
C
A new scientific study has shown that humans are taking in micro-plastics, which were between 50 and 500 micrometres wide. Up to nine different types of micro-plastics were found in people’s digestive(消化的)system, and the most commonly types of micro-plastics were polypropylene(PP) and polyethylene terephthalate(PET).
Dr Philip Schwabi from the Medical University of Vienna said, “The smallest micro-plastics are capable of entering the blood stream, and may even reach the liver(肝). More research is needed to understand what this means for human health.”
Stephanie Wright, a researcher at King’s College London, said that it was likely that larger micro-plastics mostly passed through the digestive system, but that smaller ones could cross the gut wall(肠壁)and enter other organs. She added, “What may be of greater concern for larger micro-plastics is whether any chemical pollutants are left behind during gut passage and gradually increase in organs.”
Other scientists are calling for further studies on the potential effect of micro-plastics in the human food chain. The Irish News reports that up to 5% of micro-plastics end up in the sea, where they are consumed by sea animals and move up the food chain. The Belfast-based newspaper notes that food is also likely to be polluted with plastics as a result of processing or packaging.
The new study results come as little surprise to many experts. Alistair Boxall, a professor at the University of York, said that he was not particularly worried by these findings. “Micro-plastics have been found in tap water, bottled water, fish, even beer,” he explained. “We will also be exposed to micro-plastics from house dust, food packaging materials and the use of plastic bottles. It’s unavoidable that some of these things will get into our lungs and digestive systems.”
8. What is Stephanie Wright most concerned about?
A. Humans are taking in micro-plastics.
B. Micro-plastics are found in the digestive system.
C. Some chemical pollutants may be kept in the body.
D. Smaller micro-plastics enter the blood and the liver.
9. How do plastics pollute food according to the Belfast-based newspaper?
A. Through sea fishing B. Through house dust.
C. Through tap water. D. Through processing or packaging.
10. What does Alistair Boxall think of these research results?
A. They are unbelievable B. They are predictable.
C. They are worrying. D. They can be avoided.
11. Where is the text probably from?
A. A science report. B. A cookbook. C. A guidebook. D. A book review.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的科学研究，该研究表明人类正在吸收直径在50到500微米之间的微塑料且在人们的消化系统中发现了多达9种不同类型的微塑料，最常见的微塑料类型是聚丙烯(PP)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三自然段第二句话“She added, “What may be of greater concern for larger micro-plastics is whether any chemical pollutants are left behind during gut passage and gradually increase in organs.”(她补充说，‘更大的微塑料可能更令人担忧的是，在肠道通过时，是否会留下任何化学污染物，并在器官中逐渐增加。’)” 可知，Stephanie Wright最担心的问题是化学污染物会留存在体内并在器官中逐渐增加。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四自然段最后一句话“The Belfast-based newspaper notes that food is also likely to be polluted with plastics as a result of processing or packaging.(这家位于贝尔法斯特的报纸指出，食品在加工或包装过程中也可能被塑料污染。)”可知，根据贝尔法斯特的报纸所说，塑料会在进行食物加工或包装的过程中对食物造成污染。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一个自然段“Alistair Boxall, a professor at the University of York, said that he was not particularly worried by these findings. “Micro-plastics have been found in tap water, bottled water, fish, even beer,” he explained. “We will also be exposed to micro-plastics from house dust, food packaging materials and the use of plastic bottles. It’s unavoidable that some of these things will get into our lungs and digestive systems.” (约克大学教授Alistair Boxall表示，他对这些发现并不特别担心。他解释说：‘自来水、瓶装水、鱼，甚至啤酒中都发现了微塑料。’‘我们还会接触到来自室内灰尘、食品包装材料和塑料瓶使用的微塑料。不可避免的是，其中一些物质会进入我们的肺部和消化系统。’)”可知，Alistair Boxall教授并不担心该研究结果，他认为日常接触的液体以及室内灰尘和食品包装材料等所含有的微塑料物质，不可避免的都会进入到我们体内，表明该研究结果是预测得到的。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一自然段第一句话“A new scientific study has shown that humans are taking in micro-plastics, which were between 50 and 500 micrometres wide.(一项新的科学研究表明，人类正在吸收直径在50到500微米之间的微塑料。)”可知，文章是在介绍一项新的科学研究，而科学研究成果是出现在科学杂志上或科学报道当中。故选A项。
D
On July 19, China’s first high-speed Maglev (磁悬浮) train with a speed of 600 kilometers per hour rolled off Qingdao, Shandong. Experts believe it will fill the gap between high-speed rail (铁轨) and air transportation.
Maglev technology was first described by Jonathan Swift in 1726 in Culliver’ Travels. It was first developed in the 1940s by British engineer Eric Laithwaite. Shanghai Maglev Train is the fastest passenger train globally, reaching 430 km/h in operation today. The only other Maglev systems currently serving the public are Linimo in South Korea. In 2015, an experimental Maglev train in Japan broke the record for the fastest train globally, traveling at 603 km per hour.
The benefits of Maglev are hard to doubt. The trains can reach higher speeds. Preventing interactions between wheels and rails also means less noise and no mechanical damage. It is highly efficient in maintenance (维护) and has much less trouble in bad weather. It uses 30 percent less energy than traditional trains. Maglev trains use only electricity, which reduces pollution. The main problem facing the development of Maglev has always been high costs. Unlike traditional high-speed trains, the new trains do not adapt to existing transport systems. They can operate only on their unique tracks, unable to switch to thousands of miles of traditional paths. There was already a rail network between two cities, and it was much cheaper to upgrade the lines than to build new lines with new technology.
Roger Goodall, a professor at Loughborough University says, “Maglev is a competitor to cars and planes, as well as buses and subway systems. It has many natural enemies but no natural friends.” He remains convinced that its most significant benefit is “connecting cities”, but doubts that this technology will gain widespread acceptance any time soon.
What will win in the end, the brilliant future of the new technology or the cold mathematics?
12. Which country has the fastest Maglev train in operation?
A. Britain. B. China. C. South Korea. D. Japan.
13. Why can Maglev make less noise compared with traditional trains?
A. Maglev’s wheels don’t touch rails. B. Maglev moves at higher speeds.
C. Maglev receives more attention. D. Maglev uses only electricity.
14. What is Roger Goodall’s attitude towards Maglev?
A. Objective. B. Positive. C. Negative. D. Doubtful.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. The Differences Between Maglev and Traditional Trains
B The Bright Future of the New Technology
C. Is the Air Transportation Still Far Away?
D. Is There a Future for Maglev Trains?
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一种新型列车——磁悬浮列车，通过介绍磁悬浮列车的时速、发展及优点，展望该技术未来的发展情况。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句话“Shanghai Maglev Train is the fastest passenger train globally, reaching 430 km/h in operation today.(上海磁悬浮列车是全球最快的客运列车，目前运行速度达到430公里/小时)”可知，目前上海磁悬浮列车的运行速度是最快的，上海是中国的城市，结合选项可知是中国。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句话“Preventing interactions between wheels and rails also means less noise and no mechanical damage.(防止车轮和轨道之间产生相互作用也意味着更少的噪音和没有机械损伤)”说明，磁悬浮列车的车轮与轨道之间无接触，这是磁悬浮列车产生更少噪音的原因。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“Roger Goodall, a professor at Loughborough University says, “Maglev is a competitor to cars and planes, as well as buses and subway systems. It has many natural enemies but no natural friends.”He remains convinced that its most significant benefit is “connecting cities”, but doubts that this technology will gain widespread acceptance any time soon.(拉夫堡大学教授罗杰·古道尔说：“磁浮是汽车、飞机、公共汽车和地铁系统的竞争对手。它有许多天敌，但没有天然朋友。”他仍然相信这项技术最大的好处是“连接城市”，但他不确定这项技术是否会很快得到广泛接受。)”可知，Roger Goodall认为磁悬浮技术在连接城市方面有巨大作用。由此推知他对该技术是持积极的态度。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一种新型列车——磁悬浮列车，通过介绍磁悬浮列车的时速、发展及优点，展望该技术未来的发展情况。结合倒数第二段的“but doubts that this technology will gain widespread acceptance any time soon.(但他不确定这项技术是否会很快得到广泛接受)”和最后一段“What will win in the end, the brilliant future of the new technology or the cold mathematics?(到底是新技术的辉煌未来还是冰冷的数学？)”可知，“磁悬浮列车有未来吗”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The act of making and being a friend is as simple as it is difficult. We spoke with experts to help find ways to make new friends, as well as to take better care of the friendships you already have. Here are few of their opinions.
Accept the awkwardness (尴尬) and assume that other people need new friends, too
When you reach out to somebody you don’t know well — whether that’s sending the first text message or making small talk in the elevator — you often feel uncomfortable. ____16____. Otherwise you can’t have new friends.
Remember that people will like you more than you think they will
This opinion is based on science called the “liking gap”, which says that the little voice in your head telling you that somebody didn’t like you very much is wrong. ____17____. Instead, when you talk to someone else, you’re actually going to brighten their day.
Engage in activities that you love
Ask anyone about how to make friends and they will most likely tell you to try a new hobby. It might sound hollow. ____18____.
Doing things you are actually interested in will naturally draw people to you because you’ll be in the right place with the right people. ____19____, remind yourself that you love more than one thing.
____20____
The planet is warming, our news updates are constant, and there’s so much good television out there to watch. We get it. But if you want to keep your friendships alive, you have to be present for them. Listen to and notice things about your friends.
A. Be Present
B. But it works
C. So don’t listen to it
D. if it doesn’t work out
E. Treat friends with respect
F. If you want to be a cool and smart kid
G. But you have to accept that awkwardness
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. B 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些交友的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“When you reach out to somebody you don’t know well — whether that’s sending the first text message or making small talk in the elevator — you often feel uncomfortable.(当你与你不太熟悉的人联系时，无论是第一次发短信还是在电梯里聊天，你都会感到不舒服)”以及后文“Otherwise you can’t have new friends.(否则你就不能有新朋友了)”可知，后文提到不接受这种不舒服就无法获得新朋友，可知本句与上文构成转折，故G选项“但你必须接受这种尴尬”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“This opinion is based on science called the “liking gap”, which says that the little voice in your head telling you that somebody didn’t like you very much is wrong.(这一观点基于一种叫做“喜欢差距”的科学，它说，你脑子里的小声音告诉你某人不太喜欢你是错误的)”以及后文“Instead, when you talk to someone else, you’re actually going to brighten their day.(相反，当你与其他人交谈时，你实际上会让他们的一天变得更加愉快)”可知，后文提到相反的情况，即不听从脑子里的这个声音，C选项中it对应上文the little voice。故C选项“不要听它的”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Ask anyone about how to make friends and they will most likely tell you to try a new hobby. It might sound hollow.(向任何人询问如何交朋友，他们很可能会告诉你尝试一种新的爱好。听起来可能很空洞)”可知，本段的建议是尝试新爱好，上文提到了很空洞，可知本句与上文构成转折，指出这一做法是可行的。故B选项“但它能起作用”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Doing things you are actually interested in will naturally draw people to you because you’ll be in the right place with the right people.(做你真正感兴趣的事情自然会吸引人们来找你，因为你会在正确的地方和正确的人在一起)”以及后文“remind yourself that you love more than one thing.(提醒自己，你爱的不止一件事)”可知，上文提到要做自己真正感兴趣的事情，可推测本句是对这一行为进行的假设：如果你想成为一个又酷又聪明的孩子。故F选项“如果你想成为一个又酷又聪明的孩子”符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据本段内容“The planet is warming, our news updates are constant, and there’s so much good television out there to watch. We get it. But if you want to keep your friendships alive, you have to be present for them. Listen to and notice things about your friends.(地球正在变暖，我们的新闻不断更新，还有那么多好的电视可以看。我们明白了。但是如果你想保持友谊，你必须为他们而存在。倾听并注意你朋友的事情)”可知，本段的主旨是强调和朋友在一起，倾听并注意你朋友的事情，A选项Be Present对应后文be present。故A选项“在场”符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I am writing this the day before the mail containing the result of the university entrance exam reaches me. I am writing this with a determination that I will ____21____ and not let life pass me by. I am sure that I will become something, even if the envelope brings me ____22____ news.
The envelope will reach my ____23____ tomorrow and I am ready to bear with ____24____ and self-respect. I will not ____25____, unless they are tears of joy for saying good-bye to my childhood and welcoming in a ____26____ life-one that is mysterious(神秘的)and ____27____. It will teach me to grow and ____28____ why things are the way they are. It will filter out(过滤掉)all my ____29____ and let my self-worth increase.
I will be _____30_____ in my battle and not let the bad news bring me down. I will tell myself that I am a talented person and that being _____31_____ doesn’t necessarily mean that I have to be accepted into _____32_____.
I will not listen to those who _____33_____ that a university degree is the only way I will find as a means of _____34_____ these days. I will tell myself that even if that envelope is small and includes a rejection, the person that they have _____35_____ will carry on, because I must _____36_____ to live my life the way I know how to.
I know who I am. I _____37_____ who I am. And whether or not I am accepted into college, I will be true to myself and to _____38_____ around me. I will not _____39_____. I will only look forward and greet each day with a _____40_____ anyway.
21. A. lie down B. shout out C. break in D. carry on
22. A. great B. bad C. interesting D. funny
23. A. mailbox B. bed C. heart D. father
24. A. shame B. amusement C. courage D. happiness
25. A. cry B. talk C. move D. work
26. A. comfortable B. new C. hard D. long
27. A. worthless B. expensive C. unknown D. brief
28. A. question B. wonder C. doubt D. understand
29. A. joys B. regrets C. ambitions D. gains
30. A. strong B. lost C. energetic D. stubborn
31. A. humorous B. weak C. rich D. smart
32. A. hospital B. prison C. college D. heaven
33. A. disagree B. hope C. believe D. reply
34. A. living B. escaping C. exploring D. entertaining
35. A. angered B. refused C. greeted D. inspired
36. A. stop B. decline C. pretend D. continue
37. A. hate B. accept C. forget D. forgive
38. A. others B. them C. schools D. mistakes
39. A. get up B. grow up C. look back D. come back
40. A. dream B. wish C. struggle D. smile
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。描述了作者在获取大学录取结果前一天写下了一些感言：无论录取结果好与坏，作者都忠于自己，继续自己的生活。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我写这封信的决心是我要坚持下去，不让生活从我身边溜走。A. lie down躺下（休息）；B. shout out大声喊出；C. break in闯入；D. carry on继续，坚持。根据表示并列的and和后文“not let life pass me by”可知，此处空格表示积极向上的内容，即不管被录取与否都要继续生活下去。故答案为D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相信我一定会有所成就，即使这个信封带给我的是坏消息。A. great美妙的；B. bad糟糕的；C. interesting有趣的；D. funny好笑的。提示词even if引导让步状语从句，表明逗号前后句子含义呈转折关系，逗号前become something表示“有所成就”，所以空格含义应与其相反，即即使是坏消息。故答案为B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：信封明天就会送到我的信箱，我已经准备好带着勇气和自尊去承受。A. mailbox邮箱；B. bed床；C. heart内心；D. father父亲。根据空格前提示词envelop，可知信是送到“信箱”里的，故答案为A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：信封明天就会送到我的信箱，我已经准备好带着勇气和自尊去承受。A. shame羞耻；B, amusement开心，娱乐；C. courage勇气；D. happiness幸福。根据表示并列的and和后文 self-respect可知，空格处含义与self-respect内容一致或相似，即要带着勇气去承受那封信。故答案为C。
25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会哭，除非那是告别童年，迎接新生活的喜悦之泪——神秘而未知的生活。A. cry哭泣；B. talk讲话；C. move移动；D. work工作。根据空格后文提示词tears of joy，可知空格处含义为“哭泣”，故答案为A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不会哭，除非那是告别童年，迎接新生活的喜悦之泪——神秘而未知的生活。A. comfortable舒适的；B. new新的；C. hard艰难的；D. long长的。并列连词and前后内容一致或相近，and前“saying good-bye to my childhood ”表示“和过去的童年说再见”，与之相呼应的是“迎接新生活”，故答案为B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不会哭，除非那是告别童年，迎接新生活的喜悦之泪——神秘而未知的生活。A. worthless没用的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. unknown未知的；D. brief简短的。根据表示并列的and和前文提示词mysterious可知，空格形容词与mysterious内容一致或相似，即神秘而未知的生活。故答案为C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它会教会我成长，让我明白为什么事情会是现在的样子。A. question质疑；B. wonder想知道；C. doubt怀疑；D. understand理解。据表示并列的and和前文提示词grow可知，空格形容词与grow内容一致或相似，成长后对身边的事情越来越了解。故答案为D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它会过滤掉我所有的遗憾，提高我的自我价值。A. joys快乐；B. regret后悔；C. ambitions志向；D. gains好处，增加。根据并列连词and和“let my self-worth increase”可知，它帮助作者过滤掉不好的东西。故答案为B。
30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会在战斗中坚强起来，不让坏消息击败我。A. strong强壮的，坚强的；B. lost丢失的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. stubborn顽固的。根据后文内容“not let the bad news bring me down”可知，空格处应该为“坚强”的含义，故答案为A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会告诉自己，我是一个有天赋的人，聪明并不一定意味着我必须被大学录取。A. humorous幽默的；B. weak虚弱的；C. rich富有的；D. smart聪明的。根据并列连词and和前文提示词talented，可知空格处和talented内容一致或相近，故答案为D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会告诉自己，我是一个有天赋人，聪明并不一定意味着我必须被大学录取。A. hospital医院；B. prison监狱；C. college大学；D. heaven天堂。根据文章首段“the university entrance exam”可知，作者在等待大学录取通知书，所以该空表示“大学”的含义。故答案为C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会听那些认为大学学位是我现在唯一能找到的谋生手段的人的话。A. disagree不同意；B. hope希望；C. believe相信；D. reply回复。根据前后文语义，作者反复强调即使大学录取结果是坏消息，生活依旧继续，自己依然会有所成就，说明作者并没有特别觉得大学录取是自己唯一的出路，所以作者“不相信/不认为”大学学位是他唯一的谋生手段。故答案为C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会听那些认为大学学位是我现在唯一能找到的谋生手段的人的话。A. living谋生；B. escaping逃亡；C. exploring探索；D. entertaining娱乐。根据后文提示词 “live my life”，可知该空表示“谋生”的含义，故答案为A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会告诉自己，即使那个信封很小，里面有一封拒绝信，但被他们拒绝的人会继续生活下去，因为我必须继续按照我了解的方式生活。A. angered生气；B. refused拒绝；C. greeted问候；D. inspired激励。根据前文提示词rejection可知，空格处表示“拒绝”的含义。故答案为B。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会告诉自己，即使那个信封很小，里面有一封拒绝信，但被他们拒绝的人会继续生活下去，因为我必须继续按照我了解的方式生活。A. stop停止；B. decline下降；C. pretend假装；D. continue继续。根据前文“I will tell myself that even if that envelope is small and includes a rejection, the person that they have ____15____ will carry on,…”可知，哪怕没有被大学录取，作者认为生活还是要继续，continue呼应carry on。故答案选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我是谁。我接受我是谁。A. hate讨厌；B. accept接受；C. forget忘记；D. forgive原谅。根据后文“And whether or not I am accepted into college, I will be true to myself and to ____18____ around me.”可知，无论是否成功上大学，作者都忠于自己，“接受”自己。故答案为B。
【38题详解】
考查名词和代词词义辨析。句意：不管我是否被大学录取，我都要忠于自己和身边人。A. others其他人；B. them他们；C. schools学校；D. mistakes错误。根据“around me”可知，此处是指作者身边的人，即其他人。故答案为A。
【39题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不会往回看。A. get up起床；B. grow up成长；C. look back往回看；D. come back返回。根据后文提示词look forward“向前看”，可知作者不会“往回看”。故答案选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，我只会微笑着期待和迎接每一天。A. dream梦想；B. wish愿望；C. struggle奋斗；D. smile微笑。通篇作者都以积极的态度面对生活，哪怕并没有被心仪大学录取，生活还是要继续，依旧忠于作者，说明作者是一个积极向上的人。故答案选D。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Deyuan Steamed Bun has thin skin and lots of sweet stuffing made of candy. Meat stuffing is made from pork, dried mushrooms, and jelly oil.
____41____ (build) during the Guangxu Period of the Qing Dynasty, Deyuan got ____42____ (it) name from a passage in an ancient book, “Where there is happiness, there is endurance (长久).” Initially, it was a small shop run by ____43____ couple; then it changed owners after no great success.
In the beginning of the Republic of China, several unemployed official chefs bought Deyuan, moved it to the crossing of Fangxi Lane and ____44____ (offer) customers dishes of the feudal official. There ____45____ (be) always some leftovers (余料) of seafood and fresh food, so they chopped (切碎) them up ____46____ (make) stuffing for the buns. ____47____ surprised them was that the buns with this stuffing were quite popular, and from then ____48____ the Deyuan Steamed Bun became famous.
After a fire accident, some of the ____49____ (origin) chefs rebuilt the restaurant and named it Deyuan Teahouse. It has ____50____ (gradual) become well known in Changsha for its “Eight Baozi”, which are Rose and Sugar, Dried Mushroom and Pork, Sugar and Salt Vegetable, Crystal Sugar, Sesame, Shrimp and Pork, Seashell and Pork and Barbecued Pork Baozi.
【答案】41. Built
42. its 43. a##one
44. offered
45. were 46. to make
47. What 48. on
49. original
50. gradually
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了德园包子的历史。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：建于清朝光绪年间，德园得名于一本古籍中的一段话：“有德则乐，乐则能久。”分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，build与逻辑主语Deyuan之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语。故填Built。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：建于清朝光绪年间，德园得名于一本古籍中的一段话：“有德则乐，乐则能久。”结合语意，此处表示德园的名字，应用形容词性物主代词its表示“它的”。故填its。
【43题详解】
考查冠词/数词。句意：起初，这是一家由一对夫妇经营的小店。结合语意，空处可使用不定冠词，泛指“一对夫妇”，couple以辅音音素开头，应用a。也可使用数词one，表示“一对”。故填a/one。
【44题详解】
考查时态。句意：民国初年，几位失业的官厨买下了德园，把它搬到了樊西巷口，为顾客提供官府菜。分析句子，空处与moved并列作谓语动词，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填offered。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：总有海味鲜货等余料留下，所以他们将其剁碎做包子馅。根据句中chopped使用过去式形式可知，句子使用一般过去时，there be句型中，be动词的数应与靠近的名词一致，some leftovers是复数，be动词应用were。故填were。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：总有海味鲜货等余料留下，所以他们将其剁碎做包子馅。结合语意，空处表示目的，应用不定式形式作目的状语。故填to make。
【47题详解】
考查连词。句意：让他们惊讶的是，这种馅料的包子很受欢迎，从此德园包子就出名了。分析句子，空处引导从句作句子主语，且连接词在从句中作主语，表示“……的事情”，应用what引导主语从句。故填What。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：让他们惊讶的是，这种馅料的包子很受欢迎，从此德园包子就出名了。结合语意，空处应填介词on，构成from then on，表示“从那时起”。故填on。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一场火灾后，部分原厨师重建了这家餐厅，并将其命名为德园茶馆。空处修饰名词chefs，应用形容词形式作定语，original是形容词，表示“原来的”。故填original。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：它以其“八大名包”在长沙逐渐出名。分析句子，空处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式作状语，gradually是副词，表示“逐步地，逐渐地”。故填gradually。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Mary,
A Chinese Classics Reciting Contest will take place in their school. Known that you are really into Chinese culture, I’m writing to invite you to participate it.
The contest will be holding in the school lecture hall from 2 pm to 4 pm on the afternoon of April 15. All the competitor are required to read Chinese poems or essays within the five minutes. Beside, the forms of the activity could be various, that involve reading or reciting on your own, in pairs or groups. The prizes will go to the top five students. I’m sure it would be of great beneficial to your language learning. Hope you can join us as sooner as possible.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】1.their→our
2.Known→Knowing
3.在participate后加in
4.holding→held
5.competitor→competitors
6.删掉five minutes前面的the
7.Beside→Besides
8.that→which
9.beneficial→benefit
10.sooner→soon
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要讲了邀请Mary前来参加我校的中国经典朗诵比赛。
【详解】1. 考查代词。句意：我们学校将举行中国经典朗诵比赛。根据句意可知，表示“在我们学校”。故将their改为our。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：知道你真的很喜欢中国文化，我写信邀请你参与其中。根据“I’m writing”可知，且此句已有谓语部分。此句主语是I和动词know逻辑上是主动关系，用动词的现在分词形式。故将Known改为Knowing。
3. 考查介词。句意：知道你真的很喜欢中国文化，我写信邀请你参与其中。动词短语participate in：参与、参加。故在participate后加in。
4. 考查动词语态。句意：比赛将于4月15日下午2时至4时在学校报告厅举行。根据“The contest”可知，此句是物作主语，谓语动词“举行、举办”用被动。所以本句为一般将来时的被动语态。故将holding改为held。
5. 考查名词复数。句意：参赛者须在5分钟内朗读中国诗歌或散文。competitor为可数名词，根据“All the”可知，参赛者不止一个，故用复数。故将competitor改为competitors。
6. 考查冠词。句意：参赛者须在5分钟内朗读中国诗歌或散文。根据“five minutes”可知，这里的5分钟是泛指的5分钟，并不是特指某一个5分钟。故删掉five minutes前面的the。
7. 考查副词。句意：此外，活动的形式可以是多种多样的，包括自己阅读或背诵，两人一组或一组。由此处的逗号可知，此处缺一个副词修饰整个句子。而beside“在旁边”为介词，后接名词/代词/动名词。故将Beside改为Besides。
8. 考查定语从句。句意：此外，活动的形式可以是多种多样的，包括自己阅读或背诵，两人一组或一组。这个定语从句的先行词是forms of the activity指物，且从句缺少主语，且这个定语从句有逗号，说明是一个非限制性定语从句。故将that改为which。
9. 考查名词。句意：我相信这将对您的语言学习大有裨益。固定用法of+名词=形容词。故将beneficial改为benefit。
10. 考查副词。句意：希望你能尽快加入我们。固定用法as soon as possible：尽快。故将sooner改为soon。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，你校将举办“魅力中国(Charming China)”摄影展。请你给你的英国朋友David写封邮件，邀请他参展。内容包括：
1.展览的时间和地点；
2.作品的要求和截止日期；
3.投稿方式：charmingphoto@sina.com。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear David,
I’m really excited to share with you a piece of good news. Our school is going to hold a photography exhibition themed “Charming China” in the library next month, whose aim is to present the beauty of China through photos.
I know you love photography, so why not send some of your photos of places or people in China that impress you most? The pictures can be of different sizes and must give people positive feelings. It’s said that you’ve been to many places in China and have taken many pictures. You choose your favorite one and I am sure visitors will like your work. Finally, your work shall be sent to charmingphoto@sina.com before this Sunday.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
LiHua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友David写封邮件，邀请他参加学校将举办的“魅力中国(Charming China)”摄影展。
【详解】1.词汇积累
好的：nice→good
消息：information→news
目的：purpose→aim
喜欢：like→love
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m really excited to share with you a piece of good news.
拓展句：I’m really excited to share with you a piece of good news, which I believe you will be interested in.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Our school is going to hold a photography exhibition themed “Charming China” in the library next month, whose aim is to present the beauty of China through photos. (运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】It’s said that you’ve been to many places in China and have taken many pictures. (运用了it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句)
听力：1～5 CBABC 6～10 BABCB 11～15 CACBA 16～20 BBACC