山西省榆次第一中学校2022-2023学年高二上学期开学考试英语试卷含答案

这是一份山西省榆次第一中学校2022-2023学年高二上学期开学考试英语试卷含答案，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，邀请信等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
A
Every fur years, the Winter Olympics surprise us with many new incredible athletes. Here’s a lk at the biggest stars frm the Beijing Games.
Eileen Gu, China, freestyle skiing
Gu, 18, was undubtedly ne f the biggest stars thrughut the Olympics. One f just tw athletes t cmpete in all three freestyle skiing events, Gu brught hme a gld in big air and halfpipe and a silver in slpestyle. That made her the first freeski athlete t win three medals in a single Games. She als became the yungest gld medalist in freestyle skiing and was the first wman t land a left-turn 1620.
Nils van der Pel, Sweden, speed skating
The 25-year-ld Swede set tw Olympic recrds and ne wrld recrd. Van der Pel wn the men’s 5, 000m and 10, 000m speed skating events, and then subsequently(随后) published a 62-page guide n hw t win the events. Van der Pel nearly quit speed skating after a disappinting 2018 Olympics. He jined the Swedish army fr a basic ranger curse befre returning t the ice in 2019. Nw, he's a tw-time Olympic gld medalist.
Chle Kim, USA, snwbarding
The 21-year-ld Califrnian wn her secnd straight Olympic gld in the wmen's halfpipe, becming the first wman t win the event in back-t-back Games.
“I wrked s hard fr fur years t get back here and d this again,” Kim said after the event.
The American star is nw a tw-time gld medalist, and at her age, she culd cntinue fr years t cme if she wants t.
Nathan Chen, USA, figure skating
Chen helped the US win brnze in the team event in 2018 befre an event better run in Beijing. Team USA claimed silver in the team event, and the 22-yearld Chen wn gld in the men’s singles cmpetitin. That gld medal came after winning singles gld in three straight Wrld Champinships(2018, 2019, 2021).
1. Wh is the yungest gld medalist in freestyle skiing?
A. Chle Kim.B. Nils van der Pel.C. Eileen Gu.D. Nathan Chen.
2. What d we knw abut Nils van der Pel?
A. He is an American.B. He shared his ways t win in sprts.
C. He never left ice sprts.D. He did well in 2018 Olympics.
3. When did Chle Kim win the first Olympic gld?
A. At the age f 17.B. At the age f 20.
C. At the age f 21.D. At the age f 25.
B
I was traveling in Spain with my sister wh was living there. I went int a bakery t rder a cuple f pastries(点心). There were different kinds f bread n a shelf, but nly ne kind had a little sign hanging frm the shelf that said “smething smething brrachs”. I didn’t necessarily want that kind, but it was the nly labeled ne, s naturally I waved the guy behind the cunter and rdered “ds brrachs pr favr”.
I was pretty timid abut my Spanish, s I whispered it. The men sitting near me all stpped talking and lked at me. The guy, very seriusly, said, “que? quieras?(What d yu want?)”
I shyly said again, with less cnfidence, “ds brrachs pr favr.”
All the men arund me started snickering(偷笑).
The guy again asked me what I wanted, and he was getting luder. He was raising his vice ver the nise f the whle shp. He tld me t speak up. Mst f the tables nw were als quiet.
I was getting a bit embarrassed. I thught he was making fun f my accent r I was prnuncing it wrng. I lked hard at the sign, made sure t prnunce crrectly, and shuted “quier ds brrachs!(I WANT 2 BORRACHOS!)”
He shuted, “aaaah, quieras ds BORRACHOS!” This time, he culdn’t keep a straight face and started guffawing(狂笑), and the rest in the shp fllwed.
I had n idea what was happening, s I just ran ut, empty-handed and ashamed.
I came back and tld my sister the stry. She started laughing and explained “brrachs” means “drunk men” and the sign prbably said that “drunk men were nt welcme here” and that sign happened t hang under the shelf.
I had just shuted t a full shp that I WANTED a cuple f drunk men.
4. Why did the authr g t the shp?
A. T buy smething t eat.B. T see her sister.
C. T find a drunk man.D. T practise her Spanish.
5. What des the underlined wrd “timid” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Cnfident.B. Curius.C. Unsure.D. Angry.
6. What made all the peple in the shp laugh?
A. The authr’s strange accent.B. The authr’s wrng prnunciatin.
C. The authr’s shy behavirs.D. The authr’s unusual rder.
7. Hw was the authr feeling when she left the shp?
A. Amused.B. Embarrassed.C. Satisfied.D. Regretful.
C
A new scientific study has shwn that humans are taking in micr-plastics, which were between 50 and 500 micrmetres wide. Up t nine different types f micr-plastics were fund in peple’s digestive(消化的) system, and the mst cmmnly types f micr-plastics were plyprpylene(PP) and plyethylene terephthalate(PET).
Dr Philip Schwabi frm the Medical University f Vienna said, “The smallest micr-plastics are capable f entering the bld stream, and may even reach the liver(肝). Mre research is needed t understand what this means fr human health.”
Stephanie Wright, a researcher at King’s Cllege Lndn, said that it was likely that larger micr-plastics mstly passed thrugh the digestive system, but that smaller nes culd crss the gut wall(肠壁) and enter ther rgans. She added, “What may be f greater cncern fr larger micr-plastics is whether any chemical pllutants are left behind during gut passage and gradually increase in rgans.”
Other scientists are calling fr further studies n the ptential effect f micr-plastics in the human fd chain. The Irish News reprts that up t 5% f micr-plastics end up in the sea, where they are cnsumed by sea animals and mve up the fd chain. The Belfast-based newspaper ntes that fd is als likely t be plluted with plastics as a result f prcessing r packaging.
The new study results cme as little surprise t many experts. Alistair Bxall, a prfessr at the University f Yrk, said that he was nt particularly wrried by these findings. “Micr-plastics have been fund in tap water, bttled water, fish, even beer,” he explained. “We will als be expsed t micr-plastics frm huse dust, fd packaging materials and the use f plastic bttles. It’s unavidable that sme f these things will get int ur lungs and digestive systems.”
8. What is Stephanie Wright mst cncerned abut?
A. Humans are taking in micr-plastics.
B. Micr-plastics are fund in the digestive system.
C. Sme chemical pllutants may be kept in the bdy.
D. Smaller micr-plastics enter the bld and the liver.
9. Hw d plastics pllute fd accrding t the Belfast-based newspaper?
A. Thrugh sea fishingB. Thrugh huse dust.
C. Thrugh tap water.D. Thrugh prcessing r packaging.
10. What des Alistair Bxall think f these research results?
A. They are unbelievableB. They are predictable.
C. They are wrrying.D. They can be avided.
11. Where is the text prbably frm?
A. A science reprt.B. A ckbk.C. A guidebk.D. A bk review.
D
On July 19, China’s first high-speed Maglev(磁悬浮) train with a speed f 600 kilmeters per hur rlled ff Qingda, Shandng. Experts believe it will fill the gap between high-speed rail(铁轨) and air transprtatin.
Maglev technlgy was first described by Jnathan Swift in 1726 in Culliver’ Travels. It was first develped in the 1940s by British engineer Eric Laithwaite. Shanghai Maglev Train is the fastest passenger train glbally, reaching 430 km/h in peratin tday. The nly ther Maglev systems currently serving the public are Linim in Suth Krea. In 2015, an experimental Maglev train in Japan brke the recrd fr the fastest train glbally, traveling at 603 km per hur.
The benefits f Maglev are hard t dubt. The trains can reach higher speeds. Preventing interactins between wheels and rails als means less nise and n mechanical damage. It is highly efficient in maintenance(维护) and has much less truble in bad weather. It uses 30 percent less energy than traditinal trains. Maglev trains use nly electricity, which reduces pllutin. The main prblem facing the develpment f Maglev has always been high csts. Unlike traditinal high-speed trains, the new trains d nt adapt t existing transprt systems. They can perate nly n their unique tracks, unable t switch t thusands f miles f traditinal paths. There was already a rail netwrk between tw cities, and it was much cheaper t upgrade the lines than t build new lines with new technlgy.
Rger Gdall, a prfessr at Lughbrugh University says, “Maglev is a cmpetitr t cars and planes, as well as buses and subway systems. It has many natural enemies but n natural friends.” He remains cnvinced that its mst significant benefit is “cnnecting cities”, but dubts that this technlgy will gain widespread acceptance any time sn.
What will win in the end, the brilliant future f the new technlgy r the cld mathematics?
12. Which cuntry has the fastest Maglev train in peratin?
A. Britain.B. China.C. Suth Krea.D. Japan.
13. Why can Maglev make less nise cmpared with traditinal trains?
A. Maglev’s wheels dn’t tuch rails.B. Maglev mves at higher speeds.
C. Maglev receives mre attentin.D. Maglev uses nly electricity.
14. What is Rger Gdall’s attitude twards Maglev?
A. Objective.B. Psitive.C. Negative.D. Dubtful.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. The Differences Between Maglev and Traditinal Trains
B. The Bright Future f the New Technlgy
C. Is the Air Transprtatin Still Far Away?
D. Is There a Future fr Maglev Trains?
二、七选五
The act f making and being a friend is as simple as it is difficult. We spke with experts t help find ways t make new friends, as well as t take better care f the friendships yu already have. Here are few f their pinins.
Accept the awkwardness(尴尬) and assume that ther peple need new friends, t
When yu reach ut t smebdy yu dn’t knw well — whether that’s sending the first text message r making small talk in the elevatr — yu ften feel uncmfrtable. ____16____. Otherwise yu can’t have new friends.
Remember that peple will like yu mre than yu think they will
This pinin is based n science called the “liking gap”, which says that the little vice in yur head telling yu that smebdy didn’t like yu very much is wrng. ____17____. Instead, when yu talk t smene else, yu’re actually ging t brighten their day.
Engage in activities that yu lve
Ask anyne abut hw t make friends and they will mst likely tell yu t try a new hbby. It might sund hllw. ____18____.
Ding things yu are actually interested in will naturally draw peple t yu because yu’ll be in the right place with the right peple. ____19____, remind yurself that yu lve mre than ne thing.
____20____
The planet is warming, ur news updates are cnstant, and there’s s much gd televisin ut there t watch. We get it. But if yu want t keep yur friendships alive, yu have t be present fr them. Listen t and ntice things abut yur friends.
A. Be Present
B. But it wrks
C. S dn’t listen t it
D. if it desn’t wrk ut
E. Treat friends with respect
F. If yu want t be a cl and smart kid
G. But yu have t accept that awkwardness
三、完形填空
I am writing this the day befre the mail cntaining the result f the university entrance exam reaches me. I am writing this with a determinatin that I will ____21____ and nt let life pass me by. I am sure that I will becme smething, even if the envelpe brings me ____22____ news.
The envelpe will reach my ____23____ tmrrw and I am ready t bear with ____24____ and self-respect. I will nt ____25____, unless they are tears f jy fr saying gd-bye t my childhd and welcming in a ____26____ life-ne that is mysterius(神秘的) and ____27____. It will teach me t grw and ____28____ why things are the way they are. It will filter ut(过滤掉) all my ____29____ and let my self-wrth increase.
I will be _____30_____ in my battle and nt let the bad news bring me dwn. I will tell myself that I am a talented persn and that being _____31_____ desn’t necessarily mean that I have t be accepted int _____32_____.
I will nt listen t thse wh _____33_____ that a university degree is the nly way I will find as a means f _____34_____ these days. I will tell myself that even if that envelpe is small and includes a rejectin, the persn that they have _____35_____ will carry n, because I must _____36_____ t live my life the way I knw hw t.
I knw wh I am. I _____37_____ wh I am. And whether r nt I am accepted int cllege, I will be true t myself and t _____38_____ arund me. I will nt _____39_____. I will nly lk frward and greet each day with a _____40_____ anyway.
21. A. lie dwnB. shut utC. break inD. carry n
22. A. greatB. badC. interestingD. funny
23. A. mailbxB. bedC. heartD. father
24. A. shameB. amusementC. curageD. happiness
25. A. cryB. talkC. mveD. wrk
26. A. cmfrtableB. newC. hardD. lng
27. A. wrthlessB. expensiveC. unknwnD. brief
28. A. questinB. wnderC. dubtD. understand
29. A. jysB. regretsC. ambitinsD. gains
30. A. strngB. lstC. energeticD. stubbrn
31. A. humrusB. weakC. richD. smart
32. A. hspitalB. prisnC. cllegeD. heaven
33. A. disagreeB. hpeC. believeD. reply
34. A. livingB. escapingC. explringD. entertaining
35. A. angeredB. refusedC. greetedD. inspired
36. A. stpB. declineC. pretendD. cntinue
37. A. hateB. acceptC. frgetD. frgive
38. A. thersB. themC. schlsD. mistakes
39. A. get upB. grw upC. lk backD. cme back
40. A. dreamB. wishC. struggleD. smile
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Deyuan Steamed Bun has thin skin and lts f sweet stuffing made f candy. Meat stuffing is made frm prk, dried mushrms, and jelly il.
____41____ (build) during the Guangxu Perid f the Qing Dynasty, Deyuan gt ____42____ (it) name frm a passage in an ancient bk, “Where there is happiness, there is endurance(长久).” Initially, it was a small shp run by ____43____ cuple; then it changed wners after n great success.
In the beginning f the Republic f China, several unemplyed fficial chefs bught Deyuan, mved it t the crssing f Fangxi Lane and ____44____ (ffer) custmers dishes f the feudal fficial. There ____45____ (be) always sme leftvers(余料) f seafd and fresh fd, s they chpped(切碎) them up ____46____ (make) stuffing fr the buns. ____47____ surprised them was that the buns with this stuffing were quite ppular, and frm then ____48____ the Deyuan Steamed Bun became famus.
After a fire accident, sme f the ____49____ (rigin) chefs rebuilt the restaurant and named it Deyuan Teahuse. It has ____50____ (gradual) becme well knwn in Changsha fr its “Eight Bazi”, which are Rse and Sugar, Dried Mushrm and Prk, Sugar and Salt Vegetable, Crystal Sugar, Sesame, Shrimp and Prk, Seashell and Prk and Barbecued Prk Bazi.
五、短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧) ，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\) 划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起) 不计分。
Dear Mary,
A Chinese Classics Reciting Cntest will take place in their schl. Knwn that yu are really int Chinese culture, I’m writing t invite yu t participate it.
The cntest will be hlding in the schl lecture hall frm 2 pm t 4 pm n the afternn f April 15. All the cmpetitr are required t read Chinese pems r essays within the five minutes. Beside, the frms f the activity culd be varius, that invlve reading r reciting n yur wn, in pairs r grups. The prizes will g t the tp five students. I’m sure it wuld be f great beneficial t yur language learning. Hpe yu can jin us as sner as pssible.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、邀请信
假定你是李华，你校将举办“魅力中国（Charming China）”摄影展。请你给你的英国朋友David写封邮件，邀请他参展。内容包括：
1. 展览的时间和地点；
2. 作品的要求和截止日期；
3. 投稿方式：charmingpht@sina.cm。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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1. C; 2. B; 3. A
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了冬奥会上闪现出的耀眼明星运动员。
1. 细节理解题。根据Eileen Gu, China, freestyle skiing部分“She als became the yungest gld medalist in freestyle skiing and was the first wman t land a left-turn 1620.”（她还成为自由式滑雪最年轻的金牌得主，并成为第一个左转弯1620度着陆的女性。）可知，自由式滑雪最年轻的金牌得主是谷爱凌。故选C项。
2. 细节理解题。根据Nils van der Pel, Sweden, speed skating部分“The 25-year-ld Swede set tw Olympic recrds and ne wrld recrd. Van der Pel wn the men’s 5, 000m and 10, 000m speed skating events, and then subsequently(随后) published a 62-page guide n hw t win the events.”（这位25岁的瑞典人创造了两项奥运会纪录和一项世界纪录。范德波尔赢得了男子5000米和10000米速滑比赛，随后出版了一本62页的如何赢得比赛的指南。）可知，Nils van der Pel在他出版的指南中分享了如何在赛事中取胜的方法。故选B项。
3. 细节理解题。根据Chle Kim, USA, snwbarding部分“The 21-year-ld Califrnian wn her secnd straight Olympic gld in the wmen’s halfpipe, becming the first wman t win the event in back-t-back Games.”（这位21岁的加州选手在女子U型池比赛中赢得了她的第二枚奥运金牌，成为首位连续获得该项目的女子选手。）及下文“I wrked s hard fr fur years t get back here and d this again,”（我努力训练了四年才回到这里，并且再一次冲击金牌）可推断，Chle Kim在上一届奥运会中夺得金牌时是17岁。故选A项。
4. A; 5. C; 6. D; 7. B
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在西班牙旅行时，由于不熟练西班牙语，在咖啡店买点心时而闹了笑话的故事。
4. 细节理解题。根据文章第一自然段第二句话“I went int a bakery t rder a cuple f pastries(点心).（我走进一家面包店点了几份点心）”可知，作者到店里去是要买吃的。故选A项。
5. 词义猜测题。根据文章第二自然段第一句话“I was pretty timid abut my Spanish, s I whispered it.（我对我的西班牙语很timid，所以我就小声说了出来。）”其后半句“我小声说了出来”，说明作者对自己的西班牙语并没有把握，因为不确定，所以才小声说出来，可知该句中的timid一词表示“不确定的、没有把握的”。故选C项。
6. 细节理解题，根据文章第五段第一句话“The guy again asked me what I wanted, and he was getting luder.（那家伙又问我想要什么，他的声音越来越大。）”和第六自然段最后一句话“I lked hard at the sign, made sure t prnunce crrectly, and shuted ‘quier ds brrachs!(I WANT 2 BORRACHOS!)’（我仔细看了看指示牌，确保发音正确，然后大喊‘quier ds brrachs!（我要两个BORRACHOS!）’）”以及第七自然段“He shuted, ‘aaaah, quieras ds BORRACHOS!’ This time, he culdn’t keep a straight face and started guffawing(狂笑), and the rest in the shp fllwed.（他喊道：‘啊，quieras ds BORRACHOS!’这一次，他忍不住狂笑，店里的其他人也跟着笑了起来。）”可知，店里的人大笑的原因是作者说要两个BORRACHOS；而根据倒数第二自然段“She started laughing and explained ‘brrachs’ means ‘drunk men’ and the sign prbably said that ‘drunk men were nt welcme here’ and that sign happened t hang under the shelf.（她笑了起来，解释说‘brrachs’的意思是‘喝醉的男人’，牌子上可能写着‘这里不欢迎喝醉的男人’，而那个牌子正好挂在架子下面。）可知BORRACHOS指喝醉的男人，而作者当时并不知情，所以作者点了“两个喝醉的男人”，是这种不寻常的点餐方式使得店里的人大笑。故选D项。
7. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三自然段“I had n idea what was happening, s I just ran ut, empty-handed and ashamed.（我不知道发生了什么，所以我就跑了出去，两手空空，羞愧难当。）”可知，作者当时跑出店的时候感到很尴尬。故选B项。
8. C; 9. D; 10. B; 11. A
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的科学研究，该研究表明人类正在吸收直径在50到500微米之间的微塑料且在人们的消化系统中发现了多达9种不同类型的微塑料，最常见的微塑料类型是聚丙烯（PP）和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）。
8. 细节理解题。根据文章第三自然段第二句话“She added, ‘What may be f greater cncern fr larger micr-plastics is whether any chemical pllutants are left behind during gut passage and gradually increase in rgans.’（她补充说，‘更大的微塑料可能更令人担忧的是，在肠道通过时，是否会留下任何化学污染物，并在器官中逐渐增加。’）”可知，Stephanie Wright最担心的问题是化学污染物会留存在体内并在器官中逐渐增加。故选C项。
9. 细节理解题。根据文章第四自然段最后一句话“The Belfast-based newspaper ntes that fd is als likely t be plluted with plastics as a result f prcessing r packaging.（这家位于贝尔法斯特的报纸指出，食品在加工或包装过程中也可能被塑料污染。）”可知，根据贝尔法斯特的报纸所说，塑料会在进行食物加工或包装的过程中对食物造成污染。故选D项。
10. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一个自然段“Alistair Bxall, a prfessr at the University f Yrk, said that he was nt particularly wrried by these findings. ‘Micr-plastics have been fund in tap water, bttled water, fish, even beer,’ he explained. ‘We will als be expsed t micr-plastics frm huse dust, fd packaging materials and the use f plastic bttles. It’s unavidable that sme f these things will get int ur lungs and digestive systems.’（约克大学教授Alistair Bxall表示，他对这些发现并不特别担心。他解释说：‘自来水、瓶装水、鱼，甚至啤酒中都发现了微塑料。’‘我们还会接触到来自室内灰尘、食品包装材料和塑料瓶使用的微塑料。不可避免的是，其中一些物质会进入我们的肺部和消化系统。’）”可知，Alistair Bxall教授并不担心该研究结果，他认为日常接触的液体以及室内灰尘和食品包装材料等所含有的微塑料物质，不可避免的都会进入到我们体内，表明该研究结果是预测得到的。故选B项。
11. 推理判断题。文章第一自然段第一句话“A new scientific study has shwn that humans are taking in micr-plastics, which were between 50 and 500 micrmetres wide.（一项新的科学研究表明，人类正在吸收直径在50到500微米之间的微塑料。）”可知，文章是在介绍一项新的科学研究，而科学研究成果是出现在科学杂志上或科学报道当中。故选A项。
12. B; 13. A; 14. B; 15. D
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一种新型列车——磁悬浮列车，通过介绍磁悬浮列车的时速、发展及优点，展望该技术未来的发展情况。
12. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句话“Shanghai Maglev Train is the fastest passenger train glbally, reaching 430 km/h in peratin tday.（上海磁悬浮列车是全球最快的客运列车，目前运行速度达到430公里/小时）”可知，目前上海磁悬浮列车的运行速度是最快的，上海是中国的城市，结合选项可知是中国。故选B项。
13. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句话“Preventing interactins between wheels and rails als means less nise and n mechanical damage.（防止车轮和轨道之间产生相互作用也意味着更少的噪音和没有机械损伤）”说明，磁悬浮列车的车轮与轨道之间无接触，这是磁悬浮列车产生更少噪音的原因。故选A项。
14. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“Rger Gdall, a prfessr at Lughbrugh University says, ‘Maglev is a cmpetitr t cars and planes, as well as buses and subway systems. It has many natural enemies but n natural friends.’ He remains cnvinced that its mst significant benefit is ‘cnnecting cities’, but dubts that this technlgy will gain widespread acceptance any time sn.（拉夫堡大学教授罗杰·古道尔说：‘磁浮是汽车、飞机、公共汽车和地铁系统的竞争对手。它有许多天敌，但没有天然朋友。’他仍然相信这项技术最大的好处是‘连接城市’，但他不确定这项技术是否会很快得到广泛接受。）”可知，Rger Gdall认为磁悬浮技术在连接城市方面有巨大作用。由此推知他对该技术是持积极的态度。故选B项。
15. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一种新型列车——磁悬浮列车，通过介绍磁悬浮列车的时速、发展及优点，展望该技术未来的发展情况。结合倒数第二段的“but dubts that this technlgy will gain widespread acceptance any time sn.（但他不确定这项技术是否会很快得到广泛接受）”和最后一段“What will win in the end, the brilliant future f the new technlgy r the cld mathematics?（到底是新技术的辉煌未来还是冰冷的数学？）”可知，“磁悬浮列车有未来吗”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D项。
16. G; 17. C; 18. B; 19. F; 20. A
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些交友的方法。
16. 根据上文“When yu reach ut t smebdy yu dn’t knw well — whether that’s sending the first text message r making small talk in the elevatr — yu ften feel uncmfrtable.（当你与你不太熟悉的人联系时，无论是第一次发短信还是在电梯里聊天，你都会感到不舒服）”以及后文“Otherwise yu can’t have new friends.（否则你就不能有新朋友了）”可知，后文提到不接受这种不舒服就无法获得新朋友，可知本句与上文构成转折，故G选项“但你必须接受这种尴尬”符合语境，故选G。
17. 根据上文“This pinin is based n science called the ‘liking gap’, which says that the little vice in yur head telling yu that smebdy didn’t like yu very much is wrng.（这一观点基于一种叫做“喜欢差距”的科学，它说，你脑子里的小声音告诉你某人不太喜欢你是错误的）”以及后文“Instead, when yu talk t smene else, yu’re actually ging t brighten their day.（相反，当你与其他人交谈时，你实际上会让他们的一天变得更加愉快）”可知，后文提到相反的情况，即不听从脑子里的这个声音，C选项中it对应上文the little vice。故C选项“不要听它的”符合语境，故选C。
18. 根据上文“Ask anyne abut hw t make friends and they will mst likely tell yu t try a new hbby. It might sund hllw.（向任何人询问如何交朋友，他们很可能会告诉你尝试一种新的爱好。听起来可能很空洞）”可知，本段的建议是尝试新爱好，上文提到了很空洞，可知本句与上文构成转折，指出这一做法是可行的。故B选项“但它能起作用”符合语境，故选B。
19. 根据上文“Ding things yu are actually interested in will naturally draw peple t yu because yu’ll be in the right place with the right peple.（做你真正感兴趣的事情自然会吸引人们来找你，因为你会在正确的地方和正确的人在一起）”以及后文“remind yurself that yu lve mre than ne thing.（提醒自己，你爱的不止一件事）”可知，上文提到要做自己真正感兴趣的事情，可推测本句是对这一行为进行的假设：如果你想成为一个又酷又聪明的孩子。故F选项“如果你想成为一个又酷又聪明的孩子”符合语境，故选F。
20. 根据本段内容“The planet is warming, ur news updates are cnstant, and there’s s much gd televisin ut there t watch. We get it. But if yu want t keep yur friendships alive, yu have t be present fr them. Listen t and ntice things abut yur friends.（地球正在变暖，我们的新闻不断更新，还有那么多好的电视可以看。我们明白了。但是如果你想保持友谊，你必须为他们而存在。倾听并注意你朋友的事情）”可知，本段的主旨是强调和朋友在一起，倾听并注意你朋友的事情，A选项Be Present对应后文be present。故A选项“在场”符合语境，故选A。
21. D; 22. B; 23. A; 24. C; 25. A; 26. B; 27. C; 28. D; 29. B; 30. A; 31. D; 32. C; 33. C; 34. A; 35. B; 36. D; 37. B; 38. A; 39. C; 40. D
这是一篇议论文。描述了作者在获取大学录取结果前一天写下了一些感言：无论录取结果好与坏，作者都忠于自己，继续自己的生活。
21. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我写这封信的决心是我要坚持下去，不让生活从我身边溜走。A. lie dwn躺下（休息）；B. shut ut大声喊出；C. break in闯入；D. carry n继续，坚持。根据表示并列的and和后文“nt let life pass me by”可知，此处空格表示积极向上的内容，即不管被录取与否都要继续生活下去。故答案为D。
22. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相信我一定会有所成就，即使这个信封带给我的是坏消息。A. great美妙的；B. bad糟糕的；C. interesting有趣的；D. funny好笑的。提示词even if引导让步状语从句，表明逗号前后句子含义呈转折关系，逗号前becme smething表示“有所成就”，所以空格含义应与其相反，即即使是坏消息。故答案为B。
23. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：信封明天就会送到我的信箱，我已经准备好带着勇气和自尊去承受。A. mailbx邮箱；B. bed床；C. heart内心；D. father父亲。根据空格前提示词envelp，可知信是送到“信箱”里的，故答案为A。
24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：信封明天就会送到我的信箱，我已经准备好带着勇气和自尊去承受。A. shame羞耻；B. amusement开心，娱乐；C. curage勇气；D. happiness幸福。根据表示并列的and和后文 self-respect可知，空格处含义与self-respect内容一致或相似，即要带着勇气去承受那封信。故答案为C。
25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会哭，除非那是告别童年，迎接新生活的喜悦之泪——神秘而未知的生活。A. cry哭泣；B. talk讲话；C. mve移动；D. wrk工作。根据空格后文提示词tears f jy，可知空格处含义为“哭泣”，故答案为A。
26. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不会哭，除非那是告别童年，迎接新生活的喜悦之泪——神秘而未知的生活。A. cmfrtable舒适的；B. new新的；C. hard艰难的；D. lng长的。并列连词and前后内容一致或相近，and前“saying gd-bye t my childhd”表示“和过去的童年说再见”，与之相呼应的是“迎接新生活”，故答案为B。
27. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不会哭，除非那是告别童年，迎接新生活的喜悦之泪——神秘而未知的生活。A. wrthless没用的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. unknwn未知的；D. brief简短的。根据表示并列的and和前文提示词mysterius可知，空格形容词与mysterius内容一致或相似，即神秘而未知的生活。故答案为C。
28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它会教会我成长，让我明白为什么事情会是现在的样子。A. questin质疑；B. wnder想知道；C. dubt怀疑；D. understand理解。据表示并列的and和前文提示词grw可知，空格形容词与grw内容一致或相似，成长后对身边的事情越来越了解。故答案为D。
29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它会过滤掉我所有的遗憾，提高我的自我价值。A. jys快乐；B. regret后悔；C. ambitins志向；D. gains好处，增加。根据并列连词and和“let my self-wrth increase”可知，它帮助作者过滤掉不好的东西。故答案为B。
30. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会在战斗中坚强起来，不让坏消息击败我。A. strng强壮的，坚强的；B. lst丢失的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. stubbrn顽固的。根据后文内容“nt let the bad news bring me dwn”可知，空格处应该为“坚强”的含义，故答案为A。
31. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会告诉自己，我是一个有天赋的人，聪明并不一定意味着我必须被大学录取。A. humrus幽默的；B. weak虚弱的；C. rich富有的；D. smart聪明的。根据并列连词and和前文提示词talented，可知空格处和talented内容一致或相近，故答案为D。
32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会告诉自己，我是一个有天赋人，聪明并不一定意味着我必须被大学录取。A. hspital医院；B. prisn监狱；C. cllege大学；D. heaven天堂。根据文章首段“the university entrance exam”可知，作者在等待大学录取通知书，所以该空表示“大学”的含义。故答案为C。
33. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会听那些认为大学学位是我现在唯一能找到的谋生手段的人的话。A. disagree不同意；B. hpe希望；C. believe相信；D. reply回复。根据前后文语义，作者反复强调即使大学录取结果是坏消息，生活依旧继续，自己依然会有所成就，说明作者并没有特别觉得大学录取是自己唯一的出路，所以作者“不相信/不认为”大学学位是他唯一的谋生手段。故答案为C。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会听那些认为大学学位是我现在唯一能找到的谋生手段的人的话。A. living谋生；B. escaping逃亡；C. explring探索；D. entertaining娱乐。根据后文提示词“live my life”，可知该空表示“谋生”的含义，故答案为A。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会告诉自己，即使那个信封很小，里面有一封拒绝信，但被他们拒绝的人会继续生活下去，因为我必须继续按照我了解的方式生活。A. angered生气；B. refused拒绝；C. greeted问候；D. inspired激励。根据前文提示词rejectin可知，空格处表示“拒绝”的含义。故答案为B。
36. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会告诉自己，即使那个信封很小，里面有一封拒绝信，但被他们拒绝的人会继续生活下去，因为我必须继续按照我了解的方式生活。A. stp停止；B. decline下降；C. pretend假装；D. cntinue继续。根据前文“I will tell myself that even if that envelpe is small and includes a rejectin, the persn that they have ____15____ will carry n, ...”可知，哪怕没有被大学录取，作者认为生活还是要继续，cntinue呼应carry n。故答案选D。
37. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我是谁。我接受我是谁。A. hate讨厌；B. accept接受；C. frget忘记；D. frgive原谅。根据后文“And whether r nt I am accepted int cllege, I will be true t myself and t ____18____ arund me.”可知，无论是否成功上大学，作者都忠于自己，“接受”自己。故答案为B。
38. 考查名词和代词词义辨析。句意：不管我是否被大学录取，我都要忠于自己和身边人。A. thers其他人；B. them他们；C. schls学校；D. mistakes错误。根据“arund me”可知，此处是指作者身边的人，即其他人。故答案为A。
39. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不会往回看。A. get up起床；B. grw up成长；C. lk back往回看；D. cme back返回。根据后文提示词lk frward“向前看”，可知作者不会“往回看”。故答案选C。
40. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，我只会微笑着期待和迎接每一天。A. dream梦想；B. wish愿望；C. struggle奋斗；D. smile微笑。通篇作者都以积极的态度面对生活，哪怕并没有被心仪大学录取，生活还是要继续，依旧忠于作者，说明作者是一个积极向上的人。故答案选D。
41. Built; 42. its; 43. a/ne; 44. ffered; 45. were; 46. t make; 47. What; 48. n; 49. riginal; 50. gradually
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了德园包子的历史。
41. 考查非谓语动词。句意：建于清朝光绪年间，德园得名于一本古籍中的一段话：“有德则乐，乐则能久。”分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，build与逻辑主语Deyuan之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语。故填Built。
42. 考查代词。句意：建于清朝光绪年间，德园得名于一本古籍中的一段话：“有德则乐，乐则能久。”结合语意，此处表示德园的名字，应用形容词性物主代词its表示“它的”。故填its。
43. 考查冠词/数词。句意：起初，这是一家由一对夫妇经营的小店。结合语意，空处可使用不定冠词，泛指“一对夫妇”，cuple以辅音音素开头，应用a。也可使用数词ne，表示“一对”。故填a/ne。
44. 考查时态。句意：民国初年，几位失业的官厨买下了德园，把它搬到了樊西巷口，为顾客提供官府菜。分析句子，空处与mved并列作谓语动词，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填ffered。
45. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：总有海味鲜货等余料留下，所以他们将其剁碎做包子馅。根据句中chpped使用过去式形式可知，句子使用一般过去时，there be句型中，be动词的数应与靠近的名词一致，sme leftvers是复数，be动词应用were。故填were。
46. 考查非谓语动词。句意：总有海味鲜货等余料留下，所以他们将其剁碎做包子馅。结合语意，空处表示目的，应用不定式形式作目的状语。故填t make。
47. 考查连词。句意：让他们惊讶的是，这种馅料的包子很受欢迎，从此德园包子就出名了。分析句子，空处引导从句作句子主语，且连接词在从句中作主语，表示“……的事情”，应用what引导主语从句。故填What。
48. 考查介词。句意：让他们惊讶的是，这种馅料的包子很受欢迎，从此德园包子就出名了。结合语意，空处应填介词n，构成frm then n，表示“从那时起”。故填n。
49. 考查形容词。句意：一场火灾后，部分原厨师重建了这家餐厅，并将其命名为德园茶馆。空处修饰名词chefs，应用形容词形式作定语，riginal是形容词，表示“原来的”。故填riginal。
50. 考查副词。句意：它以其“八大名包”在长沙逐渐出名。分析句子，空处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式作状语，gradually是副词，表示“逐步地，逐渐地”。故填gradually。
1. their→ur
2. Knwn→Knwing
3. 在participate后加in
4. hlding→held
5. cmpetitr→cmpetitrs
6. 删掉five minutes前面的the
7. Beside→Besides
8. that→which
9. beneficial→benefit
10. sner→sn
这是一篇应用文。主要讲了邀请Mary前来参加我校的中国经典朗诵比赛。
1. 考查代词。句意：我们学校将举行中国经典朗诵比赛。根据句意可知，表示“在我们学校”。故将their改为ur。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：知道你真的很喜欢中国文化，我写信邀请你参与其中。根据“I’m writing”可知，且此句已有谓语部分。此句主语是I和动词knw逻辑上是主动关系，用动词的现在分词形式。故将Knwn改为Knwing。
3. 考查介词。句意：知道你真的很喜欢中国文化，我写信邀请你参与其中。动词短语participate in：参与、参加。故在participate后加in。
4. 考查动词语态。句意：比赛将于4月15日下午2时至4时在学校报告厅举行。根据“The cntest”可知，此句是物作主语，谓语动词“举行、举办”用被动。所以本句为一般将来时的被动语态。故将hlding改为held。
5. 考查名词复数。句意：参赛者须在5分钟内朗读中国诗歌或散文。cmpetitr为可数名词，根据“All the”可知，参赛者不止一个，故用复数。故将cmpetitr改为cmpetitrs。
6. 考查冠词。句意：参赛者须在5分钟内朗读中国诗歌或散文。根据“five minutes”可知，这里的5分钟是泛指的5分钟，并不是特指某一个5分钟。故删掉five minutes前面的the。
7. 考查副词。句意：此外，活动的形式可以是多种多样的，包括自己阅读或背诵，两人一组或一组。由此处的逗号可知，此处缺一个副词修饰整个句子。而beside“在旁边”为介词，后接名词/代词/动名词。故将Beside改为Besides。
8. 考查定语从句。句意：此外，活动的形式可以是多种多样的，包括自己阅读或背诵，两人一组或一组。这个定语从句的先行词是frms f the activity指物，且从句缺少主语，且这个定语从句有逗号，说明是一个非限制性定语从句。故将that改为which。
9. 考查名词。句意：我相信这将对您的语言学习大有裨益。固定用法f+名词=形容词。故将beneficial改为benefit。
10. 考查副词。句意：希望你能尽快加入我们。固定用法as sn as pssible：尽快。故将sner改为sn。
Dear David,
I’m really excited t share with yu a piece f gd news. Our schl is ging t hld a phtgraphy exhibitin themed “Charming China” in the library next mnth, whse aim is t present the beauty f China thrugh phts.
I knw yu lve phtgraphy, s why nt send sme f yur phts f places r peple in China that impress yu mst? The pictures can be f different sizes and must give peple psitive feelings. It’s said that yu’ve been t many places in China and have taken many pictures. Yu chse yur favrite ne and I am sure visitrs will like yur wrk. Finally, yur wrk shall be sent t charmingpht@sina.cm befre this Sunday.
Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs,
LiHua
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友David写封邮件，邀请他参加学校将举办的“魅力中国（Charming China）”摄影展。
1. 词汇积累
好的：nice→gd
消息：infrmatin→news
目的：purpse→aim
喜欢：like→lve
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m really excited t share with yu a piece f gd news.
拓展句：I’m really excited t share with yu a piece f gd news, which I believe yu will be interested in.
高分句型1：Our schl is ging t hld a phtgraphy exhibitin themed “Charming China” in the library next mnth, whse aim is t present the beauty f China thrugh phts.（运用了whse引导的非限制性定语从句）
高分句型2：It’s said that yu’ve been t many places in China and have taken many pictures.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句）