(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业必修三 Unit 4 History and Traditions (含解析)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业必修三 Unit 4 History and Traditions (含解析)，共10页。试卷主要包含了 n　考查固定搭配， where　考查定语从句， gradually　考查副词， a　考查冠词， evident　考查形容词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
UNIT 4 History and TraditionsA组·基础巩固Ⅰ. 语法填空AA teahouse is a special house which primarily serves tea and other light refreshments (茶点). Its function varies widely depending 1. ________ the culture. In China, a teahouse is a place 2. ________ people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialise. It 3. ________ (consider) as a symbol of Chinese tea culture and people's leisure lives.Chinese teahouses enjoy a long­standing history. They developed from tea 4. ________ (stand) in the Western Jin dynasty, took shape in the Tang dynasty, developed 5. ________ (gradual) in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties and became booming in modern times.In the Song dynasty, teahouses existed all over cities and villages, 6. ________ a rate comparable with that of restaurants. The owners preferred to decorate their teahouses with paintings of celebrities and rare and precious plants 7. ________ (attract) customers. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the number of teahouses went beyond that of restaurants, gaining more 8. ________ (popular) and becoming more famous. Later, the acculturation(文化移入) of western culture forced traditional Chinese teahouses to take on 9. ________ new look. After reform and opening­up, with the rapid development of the economy and 10. ________ (evidence) improvement of people's living standards, teahouses flowered in China.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国茶馆的作用及其发展历程。1. on　考查固定搭配。depend on意为“取决于”，是固定搭配。2. where　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词为a place，并结合句子成分可知，空处在从句中作地点状语，故填where。3. is considered　考查动词的时态和语态。空处与主语It为被动关系，且此处为客观性描述，故用一般现在时的被动语态。4. stands　考查名词的单复数。分析句子成分可知，stand在此用作名词，意为“货摊，售货亭”，且此处表示不止一个货摊，故要用名词复数形式。5. gradually　考查副词。修饰动词developed要用副词gradually。6. at　考查介词。此处表示茶馆的分布率可与饭馆相比。at a rate为固定搭配，意为“以……速度/比率”。 7. to attract　考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示该句中的“decorate their teahouses with ... plants”的目的，故填to attract。8. popularity　考查词性转换。gain意为“获得”，为及物动词，后接名词作宾语，故填popularity。9. a　考查冠词。此处初次提到“look”(样子)这个词，且new以辅音音素开头，故用a。take on a new look意为“呈现新面貌”。10. evident　考查形容词。修饰名词improvement要用形容词，故填evident“明显的”。BWhy does autumn have two names? According to Merriam­Webster, “autumn” appeared first in English in the 1300s, coming from the Latin word “autumnus”. “Autumn” caught on quickly, likely because it replaced the 1. ________ (origin) name — “harvest”. As you might imagine, when crops were collected from the fields, calling the season “harvest” might make people 2. ________  (confuse) because “harvest” is also the name for the act 3. ________  (it)．So “autumn” appeared instead of “harvest”. Then the term, “autumn”， 4. ________  was referred to the season between summer and winter, lasted for a couple of 5. ________  (century)．“Fall” as a name for the season came about sometime in the 1500s, a shortened version of the very poetic phrase for “the fall of leaves”. The English phrase had true meaning of the season without leading 6. ________  any confusion. Not even a century later, the phrase became a simple word: fall.Around this same time, the English language was travelling across the globe as Britain expanded, and it was 7. ________  (go) through some changes, as many languages did. This was 8. ________(particular) true in the American colonies (殖民地).Some English words changed in the US, whether in terms of spelling 9. ________  in terms of general usage. In the mid­1800s, British and American English speakers further developed in different ways and “fall” was the common word for “autumn” in the US, while “autumn” 10. ________  (regard) as the word for “fall” in England.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。英文中“秋天”有两个名字。文章介绍了这两个名字的由来。1. original　考查词性转换。根据空后的名词“name”可知，此处应该填入形容词original“最初的”作定语。故填original。2. confused　考查形容词。形容词confused修饰人，意为“感到迷惑的”。故填confused。3. itself　考查代词。反身代词itself在此处作“the act”的同位语。故填itself。4. which　考查定语从句。此处“autumn”作先行词，指物，关系代词which在此处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。5. centuries 　考查名词的单复数。根据空前的a couple of“几个”，修饰可数名词复数可知应填复数形式。故填centuries。6. to　考查介词。lead to为固定短语，意为“导致”。故填to。7. going　考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此句应该用过去进行时。故填going。8. particularly　考查副词。副词particularly在此处修饰形容词“true”。particularly true意为“特别真实”。故填particularly。9. or　考查让步状语从句。分析句子结构可知，“whether in terms of spelling or in terms of general usage”意为“无论是在拼写方面，还是在一般用法方面”。whether ... or意为“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句，故填or。10. was regarded　考查一般过去时态的被动语态。根据上文中的时态，再结合autumn和regard是动宾关系可知，此处应该用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语autumn是第三人称单数形式，故填was regarded。Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子1. 被一组年轻人围着，这位老人感到非常高兴和满足。(surround)Surrounded_by_a_group_of_young_people,the old man felt very happy and satisfied.2. 这只狗挣脱了它的主人，跑了。(break away from)The dog broke_away_from its owner and ran away.3. 那位已经教了三十年书的老师，在负责学校工作。(in charge of)The teacher, who has taught for over 30 years, is_in_charge_of_the_school_ work.4. 由于老板对他所做的事情很满意，于是在办公室表扬了他。(过去分词短语作状语)Satisfied_with_what_he_did,the boss praised him in the office.5. 这份菜单有受欢迎的传统菜，也有较为吸引人的菜肴。(as well as)The menu contained traditional favourites as_well_as_more_attractive_dishes.B组·能力提升Ⅰ. 阅读理解The royal family is filled with rules, and one in particular might explain why Princess Charlotte is a princess, but her kids likely won't be.When it comes to the British royal family, one thing is almost always true: they have a pretty confusing set of official rules and protocols. For instance, the royal family doesn't have a last name. And don't forget the fact that Queen Elizabeth celebrates two birthdays every year.If your head isn't swimming yet, consider the tradition of royal titles. As a British custom, only the daughter of a prince or a prince's wife may be considered a formal “princess”. The latter applies to Kate, who is both a princess and the Duchess of Cambridge thanks to her marriage to Prince William, the Duke of Cambridge. And their children, Prince George and Princess Charlotte, also bear official royal titles because their father is Prince William.However, while Prince George's future children will also carry their father's royal status, any children that Princess Charlotte has will not automatically be considered princes or princesses. Why? Royal custom dictates that royal titles are passed down via sons, but not daughters.“Royal titles are inherited through sons, so if Princess Charlotte has children they would not automatically inherit the titles (his or her royal highness) HRH, Prince, or Princess，” Lucy Hume, associate director of Debrett's, told Town & Country.Of course, exceptions can (and will！) be made. (Learn about every time the British royal family broke their own protocol.) The Queen has offered HRH status to other royal offsprings in the past, including the children of Queen Elizabeth's daughter, Anne. Although Princess Anne and her husband, Captain Phillips, declined, perhaps Princess Charlotte will be extended the same offer when her own children are born.1. What's the meaning of the underlined word “protocols” in the second paragraph?A. Promises. B. Behaviours.C. Manners. D. Connections.2. What kind of child is regarded as “princess”？A. The son of a princess.B. The daughter of a prince.C. The daughter of a princess.D. The wife of a king.3. Who is Charlotte's father?A. Prince George. B. Elizabeth.C. Prince William. D. Captain Philips.4. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. Any person can break traditional rules.B. Not every person must obey traditional rules.C. Any British royal family member has their own title.D. Maybe the British royal family will break their own rules.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国王室头衔传承的规则。按照英国的习俗，只有王子的女儿或王子的妻子才可以被视为正式的公主。公主拥有的任何子女都不会自动被视为王子或公主。因为皇室习俗规定皇室头衔是由儿子传下来的而不是女儿。1. C　词义猜测题。画线词和上文中的rules是并列的，因此在词义上与rules(规则)接近，根据第二段中的“For instance, the royal family doesn't have a last name. And don't forget the fact that Queen Elizabeth celebrates two birthdays every year.”可知，王室成员没有姓氏。伊丽莎白女王每年庆祝两个生日，这是一种“规矩”。该句是在解释rules和protocols，因此画线单词的意思是“规矩”。故选C。2. B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As a British custom, only the daughter of a prince or a prince's wife may be considered a formal ‘princess’．”可知，按照英国的习俗，只有王子的女儿或王子的妻子才可以被视为正式的公主。因此选项中只有“王子的女儿”才被认为是公主。故选B。3. C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Prince George and Princess Charlotte, also bear official royal titles because their father is Prince William.”可知，乔治王子和夏洛特公主也有官方的王室头衔，因为他们的父亲是威廉王子。因此夏洛特的父亲是威廉王子。故选C。4. D　段落大意题。根据最后一段可知，当然，可能会有例外。女王过去曾向其他王室后代，包括伊丽莎白女王女儿安妮的子女提供过HRH身份(注：HRH身份指的是皇室身份中的王子或公主。)，但是安妮公主和她的丈夫菲利普斯上尉拒绝了。也许夏洛特公主在自己的孩子出生后也会得到同样的待遇。因此最后一段主要告诉我们的是：也许英国王室会打破自己的规矩让公主的孩子也可以享有正式的王室头衔。故选D。Ⅱ.  七选五Art galleries are places in which artists can display all types of works of art, including paintings, drawings, photographs, sculptures, etc. 　1　 At the same time, however, each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light since that can cause works to fade and therefore get ruined. 　2　 The most common form of lighting used to light up artworks is indoor spotlights on tracks attached to the ceiling near where the work is being displayed. 　3　 It permits the lights to be moved more easily when the light patterns require adjusting. Recessed(嵌入的)lights in walls and ceilings can be useful so long as they are not fixed in place but can instead be easily moved to create ideal light patterns. Most art gallery directors state that a combination of tracked and recessed light equipment is ideal because the tracked lights focus directly on the artwork while the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source. 　4　 How to angle the lights depends upon the height of the ceiling and the size of the artwork. Caution must be taken to avoid creating too many areas with shadows or to have the lights cause a glare on the artwork. Besides, the lights should not be bare bulbs burning directly on the artwork but should be made in some way to make the lighting softer. According to experts, low voltage (电压)bulbs are the best to use when lighting artwork.  　5　  Thus artworks should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit them.A. It can make the displays attractive.B. Using tracked lighting is beneficial.C. Light plays a key role in art galleries.D. This light source can better improve the mood surrounding the work.E. To better improve their appearance, the display area needs to be well lit.F. Finding a happy medium between not enough light and too much of it requires considerable skill and experience.G. Above all, natural light should be avoided since direct sunlight will damage artworks, particularly paintings, over time.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美术馆是艺术家可以展示各种艺术作品的地方，包括油画、绘画、照片、雕塑等，但美术馆的灯光也是十分重要的。1. E　根据空后的“At the same time, however, each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light”可知，选项E中的“be well lit”和“too much light”相呼应，且选项E承接下文，故选E。2. F　根据空前的“At the same time, however, each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light since that can cause works to fade and therefore get ruined.”可知，为了完善美术馆艺术作品的陈列效果，就需要良好的照明，而过多地暴露在光线下，会有损作品，所以需要在光线不足和光线过多之间找到一个适合的平衡点，这就需要相当多的技巧和经验，选项F可以承接上文，故选F。3. B　根据空前的“The most common form of lighting used to light up artworks is indoor spotlights on tracks attached to the ceiling near where the work is being displayed.”可知，该句中的“tracks”和选项B中“tracked”相呼应，且句意(使用履带式照明是有益的。)承接下文，这种履带式照明的灯光更容易移动，故选B。4. D　根据空前的“... a combination of tracked and recessed light equipment is ideal because the tracked lights focus directly on the artwork while the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source.”可知，选项D能更好地顺承下文，故选D。5. G　根据空后的“Thus artworks should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit them.”可知，选项G中“sunlight”和下文中的“sunlight”相呼应，且句意承接下文，故选G。Ⅲ. 完形填空As is known to all, most stories of kindness do not begin with formerly drug­addicted celebrity (名人) bad boys. Mine does.When this   1   took place, I was accompanying my grandmother at a huge garden party. Suddenly, Robert Downey Jr., in a nice cream­coloured suit, came in. I pointed out this big movie star to Grandma   2  ，but she was far more interested in piling her paper plate with cheese.As my 80­year­old grandmother rose for the   3   after the party, she fell into a wheelchair ramp (坡道) nearby. The sharp ramp   4   her leg open and it was bleeding.I should have quickly taken control of the situation — but due to my blood faint, I didn't. Luckily, Robert Downey Jr.   5  .He called an ambulance immediately, and  asked  someone to   6   a  blanket. He took off his suit and   7   his suit around her leg. The cream colour turned dark red. Robert surely knew how to speak to her,   8  ，distract her. He stayed with my grandmother until the ambulance came,   9   her hand and telling her she was breaking his heart by leaving so early. I hurried into the ambulance without a word, feeling too shy to thank him.Some 15 years after that garden party, and five years since he'd been set free from prison for possession of drugs in his car, I came across Robert in a fancy restaurant. I was   10   to respect people's privacy and never   11   someone having a meal. But on this day, I decided to   12   the code.“I don't have any   13   if you remember this ...” and I told him the story. “I just wanted to tell you that it was simply the kindest act I've ever   14  .”It's never too late to express our appreciation for kindness which lies in everyone, even a celebrity bad boy.   15  ， appreciation itself is a sort of kindness.1. A. party　　　　 B. kindnessC. accident D. story2. A. excitedly B. surprisinglyC. fortunately D. successfully3. A. garden B. wheelchairC. star D. exit4. A. tore B. brokeC. cut D. pushed5. A. got across B. turned upC. got ready D. calmed down6. A. buy B. rentC. lend D. fetch7. A. tied B. coveredC. placed D. pulled8. A. instead B. for exampleC. otherwise D. or rather9. A. shaking B. wavingC. holding D. pressing10. A. persuaded B. bornC. raised D. forced11. A. bother B. talk toC. stare at D. upset12. A. abandon B. setC. follow D. improve13. A. idea B. troubleC. doubt D. interest14. A. called B. witnessedC. heard D. performed15. A. But for B. After allC. As a result D. On the contrary【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的奶奶被一位名人搭救，十多年后作者对恩人表示感谢的故事。1. D　根据下文内容可知，文章讲述的是作者的奶奶在大型花园派对上被搭救的故事。故选D。2. A　根据语境可知，作者看到名人，便激动地指给奶奶看。故选A。3. D　结合下文“after the party”可知，派对结束了，奶奶在走向出口的途中摔入坡道。故选D。4. C　根据下文“it was bleeding”可知坡道划破了奶奶的大腿。故选C。5. B　根据上文“I should have quickly taken control of the situation — but due to my blood faint, I didn't.”可知，作者晕血，无法控制局面，但是幸运的是小罗伯特·唐尼出现了。故选B。6. D　句意：他立刻叫了救护车并且让一个人取来一张毯子。根据语境，小罗伯特·唐尼出现了应是让别人取来一张毯子，取毯子应用动词fetch。故选D。7. A　根据下文“The cream colour turned dark red.”可知他将西服系在了奶奶的腿上。故选A。8. D　句意：罗伯特当然知道和她说什么，或者更确切地说，怎样使她分心。 根据语境可知，罗伯特同奶奶说话，更确切地说是为了让她分心减少痛苦。故选D。9. C　句意：他和我的祖母待在一起，直到救护车来了，他握着祖母的手，告诉她这么早就离开让他很伤心。hold her hand，意为“握住她的手”。故选C。10. C　句意：我从小就被教育要尊重别人的隐私，从不打扰别人吃饭。结合下文“respect people's privacy”可知，作者从小被教育要尊重别人的隐私”。故选C。11. A　句意同上。结合上文“I came across Robert in a fancy restaurant.”可知，小罗伯特在吃饭，作者从来不打扰别人。故用bother，故选A。12. A　句意：但是在这一天，我决定抛弃约束。结合上文作者十五年后与他相见，为了表达感谢，作者此时抛弃自己被教养的约束去和小罗伯特打招呼。故选A。13. A　句意：我不知道你是否记得这件事……然后我就告诉他这个故事。have no idea，意为“不知道”。故选A。14. B　根据语境可知，这是作者所见过的最善良的行为，应该用witness。故选B。15. B　句意：毕竟，感激本身就是一种善良。根据句意可知此句顺承上句“even a celebrity bad boy”，应用after all。故选B。Ⅳ. 语法填空Dujiangyan is the oldest man­made water system in the world, and a wonder in the development of Chinese science. 1. ________ (build) over 2,200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering 2. ________ (achieve) is still used today.In ancient times, the region in which Dujiangyan now stands 3. ________ (suffer) from regular floods caused by overflow from the Minjiang River. 4. ________ (help) the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, the region governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution. Li designed a series of channels built at different levels along Mount Yulei that would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing naturally. 5. ________ (good) still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making 6. ________ suitable for farming.Once the system was finished, no more floods occurred and the people were able to live 7. ________ (peaceful). Today, Dujiangyan is admired by scientists from around the world because of one feature. Unlike modern dams 8. ________ the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, 9. ________ (enable) the ecosystem (生态系统) and fish populations to exist 10. ________ harmony.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国古代水利工程都江堰的历史及其所起的作用。1. Built　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“1. ________ (build) over 2,200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering ...”为省略句，其逻辑主语是主句的主语“this amazing engineering”，动词build与它是被动关系。根据时间状语“over 2,200 years ago”推断出，动作已发生并表被动。故要用过去分词built。故填Built。2. achievement　考查名词。“this amazing engineering 2. ________ (achieve) is still used today”中，空格所在处在句中作主语，所以要用名词形式。而achieve是动词，故用其名词形式achievement。3. suffered　考查谓语动词。根据本句中的时间状语“In ancient times”可知，要用一般过去时。故用suffered。4. To help　考查非谓语动词。本句表示目的，用动词不定式。故填To help。5. Better　考查固定搭配。句意：更好的是，多余的水可以直接送到干旱的成都平原…… better still为固定搭配，意为“更好的是”，所以用good的比较级better。故填Better。6. it　考查代词。分析句子成分可知，本空指的是前面“the extra water (多余的水)”，water是不可数名词，故填it。7. peacefully　考查副词。分析“no more floods occurred and the people were able to live 7. ________ (peaceful)”可知，本句的形容词peaceful在句子中修饰动词live，修饰动词要用副词，故填peacefully。8. where　考查定语从句的关系词。分析“Unlike modern dams 8. ________ the water is blocked with a huge wall”可知，句中的modern dams是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，因此要用where。故填where。9. enabling　考查非谓语动词。句意：……都江堰仍然允许水自然流经岷江，使生态系统…… 分析空格处所在句子可知，“Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally”是主句，自然而然导出下面的内容，而enable与前面的句子是主动关系，要用v.­ing形式作结果状语。故填enabling。10. in　考查固定搭配。in harmony为固定搭配，意为“和谐无间地，和谐地”。故填in。