人教版高考英语一轮复习必修第2册UNIT4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS课时学案

这是一份人教版高考英语一轮复习必修第2册UNIT4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS课时学案，共16页。

1 charge [课本义]n.收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电 [增补义]vi.猛冲；冲锋
①I just culdn't imagine such a kind man as Tm being charged(charge) with theft.
②In this hspital it is the nurse in charge wh will explain t the patient what the treatment will be like.
③(2020·天津5月)If yur card has been lst，a fee f ￡5 is charged(charge) fr the prductin f a replacement card.
With a sudden rar, the fierce hungry tiger sprang t its feet and charged at the little lamb, pening its muth full f sharp teeth(张着血盆大口扑向小羊羔)．
◎take charge f...掌管/负责……
◎in charge f...控制/管理……
◎in the charge f sb./in ne's charge由某人管理或负责
◎charge (sb.) fr...(向某人)收取……的费用
◎charge sb. with (ding) sth.控告某人(做了)某事
◎fix my bike free f charge免费给我修自行车
◎be charged with abuse f pwer被控滥用职权
2 apprach n．方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近
①(2020·新高考卷Ⅱ)Nt seeing r hearing any fire engines appraching(apprach), Grant rushed t a side entrance and ran up the stairs.
②All the three teams adpted different appraches t the prblem, but they were all immediate successes.
③China's apprach t prtecting(prtect) its envirnment while feeding its citizens ffers useful lessns fr agriculture and fd plicymakers wrldwide.
(普通表达)As spring cmes near, flwers are blming and trees are turning green.
(高级表达)As spring appraches, flwers are blming and trees are turning green.
◎an apprach t (ding) sth.(做)某事的方法/途径；……的通道/入口
◎at the apprach f在快到……的时候
◎apprach sb./sth.靠近或接近某人/某物
◎appraching/drawing near/arund the crner即将来临
◎a crrect apprach t the prblem f glbal warming应对全球变暖问题的正确方法
◎different appraches t bringing up children养育子女的不同方法
◎with the deadline appraching随着最后期限的临近
3 amunt [课本义]n.金额；数量 [增补义]vi.合计；共计
①(2021·全国甲卷改)Clthing takes a huge amunt f natural resurces t make, and buying lads f new clthing is nt healthy fr the envirnment.
②Making a paper bag uses fur times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up t three times the amunt f water.
适量睡眠对保持健康的体重很重要。
①An apprpriate amunt f sleep is imprtant fr the maintenance f healthy weight.
②Apprpriate amunts f sleep are imprtant fr the maintenance f healthy weight.
◎a large/huge/small amunt f大量的/少量的
◎large/huge/small amunts f大量的/少量的
◎the amunt f... ……的数量
◎amunt t总计；合计；等同；接近
◎flee with a large amunt f cash携带大量现金出逃
◎cnsume large amunts f fssil fuels消耗大量化石燃料
◎cntain twice the amunt f vitamin C含有两倍的维生素C
◎amunt t rughly $5，000 总计约五千美元
4 belng t [课本义]属于 [增补义]是……的成员；是……的一部分
①The prfessr keeps telling his students that the future belngs(belng) t the well­educated.
②Befre jining the army he spent a lt f time in the village t which he belnged.
③In many cases, the clthes peple wear identify them as belnging(belng) t a particular scial class.
李明家的这所房子可追溯到清朝早期。
①The huse, which belngs t Li Ming's family, dates back t the early Qing Dynasty.(定语从句)
②The huse belnging t Li Ming's family dates back t the early Qing Dynasty.(分词短语)
◎belng t不用于进行时态或被动语态。
◎belng后接here, there, where, tgether等副词时，不可使用介词t。
◎belnging n．归属
◎belngings n．所有物；财产
◎put the bk back where it belngs把书放回原处
◎develp a sense f cultural belnging培养文化归属感
◎take care f yur persnal belngings保管好你的个人物品
5 [教材原句]They had castles built all arund England, and made changes t the legal system. 他们在英格兰各地修建了城堡，并对法律制度进行了修改。
①(2022·全国乙卷)It cmes after mre than half f sft drinks sld in shps have had their sugar levels cut(cut) by manufacturers.
②If anyne happens t drp in while I am ut, have him r her leave(leave) a message.
③The by had the light burning(burn) all night lng, pretending he was wrking hard.
(普通表达)Will yu suggest a gd way t imprve my written English in a shrt perid f time?
(高级表达)Will yu suggest a gd way t have my written English imprved in a shrt perid f time？(have＋宾语＋宾补)
结构表示三种意义：(1)(主语)请/派别人完成某事；(2)(主语)完成某事(可能参与)；(3)(主语)遭受某种不好的情况。此时，dne与前面的名词或代词之间是被动关系。注意下列区别：have sb. d sth.“让某人做某事”，have sb./sth. ding“让某人一直在做某事/让某事一直发生”。
I will have t have a pht taken right nw because I need a new passprt.我得马上去拍张照片，因为我需要一本新护照。
6 [教材原句]Its beautiful cuntryside excites and inspires all, ffering smething fr each f the senses.它美丽的乡村给人以激情和灵感，满足各种感官享受。
①(2022·全国甲卷)He flew 4，700 kilmeters frm Xi'an t Kashgar n Sept.20, planning(plan) t hike back t Xi'an in five mnths.
②(2022·全国乙卷改)The event included a number f activities n scial media, inviting(invite) 29 tea prfessinals t have 36 hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
③(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)I was upset t learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, thinking(think) it is fd.
Thrughut the evening the man was very talkative, ffering varius ideas and pinins(提出各种想法和意见) while his wife sat silently beside him n the cuch.
现在分词可以在句子中充当伴随状语，此时分词动作与句子的谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生，且与句子的主语之间是主动关系。过去分词也可作伴随状语，只是与句子的主语之间是被动关系。
On the last day f ur stay, we were invited t attend a cncert n a beautiful farm, listening t musicians and meeting interesting lcals.在我们逗留的最后一天，我们应邀出席了在一个美丽的农场举行的音乐会，聆听音乐家的演奏，并会见了有趣的当地人。
7 [教材原句]The peaceful landscape f the “Emerald Isle” and its many green cunties is a true feast fr the eyes, with its rlling green hills dtted with sheep and cattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
①With s much wrk t d(d), I was s anxius that I had truble sleeping.
②Bdy language can give away a lt abut yur md, s standing with yur arms flded(fld) can send ut a signal that yu are being defensive.
③(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)With the yung unable t affrd t leave hme and the ld at risk f islatin (孤独)，mre families are chsing t live tgether.
The ld twn lks quiet and peaceful at night, with its streets and lanes decrated with clrful lanterns(装饰着五颜六色的灯笼)．
“with＋宾语＋dne”是with复合结构的一种形式，此时宾语与dne之间是被动关系，且分词动作已完成。with复合结构还有“with＋宾语＋ding”“with＋宾语＋t d”“with＋宾语＋形容词/介词短语/名词”等形式。
Already well ver 400 f the ttal f 6，800 languages are clse t extinctin, with nly a few elderly speakers left.6 800种语言中已经有超过400种濒临消失，只剩下为数不多的老年人还会说。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The wman charged her husband with hiring(hire) a private detective t spy n her.
2．When appraching(apprach) the centre f the twn, we saw a stne statue f abut 10 meters in height.
3．The fish righted himself and swam ff again slwly with the great tail weaving(weave) in the air.
4．We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20, half f what it used t charge(charge)．
5．Yu shuld understand the traffic rules by nw fr yu've had it explained (explain) ften enugh.
6．Because a cllege cmmunity differs frm the family, many students will struggle t find a sense f belnging(belng)．
7．Yu're mre likely t suffer jint diseases if yu wear a skirt with yur legs expsed(expse) t the cld fr a lng time.
8．The traditinal apprach t dealing(deal) with cmplex prblems is t break them dwn int smaller, mre easily managed prblems.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．I'd like t knw hw much yu charge fr yur services befre I make a reservatin.
2．At the meeting they discussed three different appraches t the study f mathematics.
3．In the summer f 2016, a terrible fld brke ut in suthern China, causing great lsses.
4．(2021·天津卷)The prject als resulted in a reductin in the amunt f medicines used t perfrm medical­imaging prcedures.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The fur cuntries use the same flag, knwn as the Unin Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
2．The United Kingdm has a lng and interesting histry t explre(explre), which can help yu understand mre abut the cuntry.
3．The secnd grup that ruled the UK was the Angl­Saxns, wh arrived in the fifth(five) century.
4．Our manager, as well as his advisers, is(be) very much likely t attend the wrld fair next week.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Peple frm the UK are called “British”， which means the UK is als referred t as Britain r Great Britain.
2．Lndn is an ancient prt city that has a histry dating all the way back t Rman times.
3．Smething that happens in yur daily life will change the way in which yu lk at the wrld.
4．As he apprached the dr, Mike lked int the rm again t see if he had left anything behind．
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)The wind picked up and thunder rlled. B
A．翻滚 B．发出隆隆声 C．在原地打转
2．(2019·北京卷)She als apprached dentists t learn mre abut teeth cleaning.B
A．着手处理 B．联系；接洽 C．接近；靠近
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The nise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges tward me.C
A．收费 B．充电 C．猛冲
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)The researchers analyzed vide recrdings f 53 child­parent pairs during everyday activities at hme and fund children wh play with puzzles between 26 and 46 mnths f age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 mnths f age.
本句是一个复合句，可简化为：The researchers analyzed vide fund better spatial skills...。句中的analyzed和fund是并列谓语，fund后是省略了that的宾语从句，从句中的wh引导定语从句，修饰children，when assessed...是时间状语。
[尝试翻译]研究人员分析了53对儿童及家长在家中日常活动的录像，然后发现，在24个月到46个月大期间玩过拼图游戏的孩子，在54个月大进行评估时，其空间能力会更好。
2．(2019·北京卷)They cnclude that when task interdependence is high, team perfrmance will suffer when there is t much talent, while individual talent will have psitive effects n team perfrmance when task interdependence is lwer.
本句是一个复合句，可简化为：They cnclude perfrmance will suffer..., while individual talent will have psitive effects n...。句中的that引导宾语从句，从句中有两个when引导的时间状语从句，后面的while引导状语从句，表示转折对比。
[尝试翻译]他们的结论是，当任务相互依存度较高时，人才过多的团队表现会较差，而当任务相互依存度较低时，单个人才会对团队表现产生积极影响。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
The United Kingdm, gegraphically 1.psitined(psitin) in the Nrthern hemisphere, is lcated ff the nrthwestern cast f cntinental Eurpe. This island cuntry is surrunded by vast waters, with the English Channel 2.jining(jin) it t nrthern France. It cnsists f England, Sctland, Wales and Nrthern Ireland, 3.but it shuld be nted that Ireland desn't belng t it. Althugh the cuntry is mainly cmpsed f hills and muntains, there are als flat and 4.gently(gentle) rlling plains in the eastern and sutheastern areas. Therefre, wds and fields are typical 5.features(feature) f the English landscape. The UK has 6.a develped ecnmy alng with a strng currency. Its capital, Lndn, is hme 7.t 13% f the richest individuals in Britain. Three years ag, Britain 8.brke(break) away frm the Eurpean Unin, and it is nw appraching the US even faster. The tw cuntries have made an 9.annuncement(annunce) that they will strengthen deeper ecnmic, military as well as defense cperatin 10.t ensure(ensure) that their interests are safeguarded.
Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①去年，我和家人去参观了孔子的故乡曲阜。
Last year, my family and I visited Qufu, the hmetwn f Cnfucius．
②这是一个小城市，地理位置优越，交通便利，周边的风景优美。
It is a small city with excellent gegraphical lcatin, cnvenient transprtatin as well as beautiful surrunding landscape．
③由于孔子的缘故，再加上当地有大量的旅游资源，国内外有很多人都渴望去曲阜游玩。
Because f Cnfucius, cupled with large amunts f lcal turism resurces, many peple bth at hme and abrad are eager t g t Qufu fr a visit．
④那里的民风淳朴，市民热情而大方。
The flk custms there are simple and the citizens are warm and generus．
⑤这座迷人的城市给很多游客留下了深刻的印象！
This fascinating city has left a deep impressin n many turists!
Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Last year, my family and I visited Qufu, the hmetwn f Cnfucius. It is a small city with excellent gegraphical lcatin, cnvenient transprtatin as well as beautiful surrunding landscape. Because f Cnfucius, cupled with large amunts f lcal turism resurces, many peple bth at hme and abrad are eager t g t Qufu fr a visit. Apart frm these, the flk custms there are simple and the citizens are warm and generus. This fascinating city has left a deep impressin n many turists!
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
Step 2．续写练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
走近群山环绕的露营地，我们激动不已。刚一到达，妈妈就下了车，冲向树林里的一小块空地，急切地催促我们搭建帐篷。连绵起伏的青山，各色野花点缀其中，四周迷人的风景让我们大饱眼福。鸟儿欢快地歌唱着，好像在热情地迎接我们。傍晚，我的家人们闻着花的芳香，悠闲地聊着天，过去的美好回忆不断涌上心头。
参考答案：
Appraching the campsite surrunded by muntains, we became vercme with excitement. Upn arrival, my mther gt ff her car and charged tward a small clearing, where she eagerly urged us t put up the tents. The fascinating landscape arund was a true feast fr the eyes, with its rlling green hills dtted with varieties f wild flwers. There were birds singing merrily as if greeting us warmly. In the evening, my family chatted leisurely, smelling the scent f flwers. Sweet memries f the past kept crwding in.
续写语料积累
背诵·句之美
欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2020·新高考卷Ⅱ)Then he made a U­turn, circling back t take anther lk.
2．(景物描写)(2021·福州市质量检测)Beautiful white flwers surrunded them with fresh scent.
3．(人物描写)(2022·浙大附中模拟)The little girl was maybe five r six with a pair f sparkling blue eyes.
(2022·济南市模拟考试)Muddy fld water was puring int the car and rising quickly. Jane knew they had t get ut quickly befre the water rse t high in the car. Frcing the dr pen, Charlie jumped int the fld frm the back rw.
核心单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．charge n．收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电
2．annunce vt.宣布；通知；声称
3．apprach n．方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近
4．ensure vt.保证；确保；担保
5．rll vi. & vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动 n．卷(轴)；翻滚
6．greet vt.问候；迎接
7．crwd n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤
1．My phne is pwer ff because I frgt t get it charged(charge) last night.
2．They are intrducing new measures t ensure(ensure) the smth running f the business.
3．(2020·浙江7月)I culdn't see Dn，but as I apprached(apprach) the tractr he jumped ut nt the rad，apparently unhurt，and dashed back t me.
4．They calculated that rlling(rll) the blck required abut as much frce as mving it alng a slippery path.
5．When she pened the dr, she was greeted(greet) with a strm f applause.
6．The mment I saw the ld pht, memries f my childhd came crwding(crwd) in.
7．(2022·全国乙卷)First annunced(annunce) in April, 2016, the tax which applies t sft drinks cntaining mre than 5g f sugar per 100ml, was intrduced t help reduce childhd besity.
派生单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的→puzzled adj.迷惑不解的
2．surrund vt.围绕；包围→surrunding adj.周围的→surrundings [pl.]n.周围的事物；环境
3．evidence n．证据；证明→evident adj.明显的；明白的→evidently adv.明显地；显然
4．achieve vt.完成；达到→achievement n．成就；成绩；达到
5．lcate v．放置；设立；创办于→lcatin n．地方；地点；位置
1．There's a puzzled expressin n the little girl's face because a puzzling prblem puzzles her.(puzzle)
2．Surrunded by a frest, the village has beautiful surrundings, which attract many visitrs frm the surrunding areas.(surrund)
3．Quite evidently, all the evidence yu have cllected cannt prve him guilty.(evident)
4．I managed t achieve my dream f being admitted t university, which gave me a wnderful sense f achievement．(achieve)
高频短语
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1．
把……和……连接或联结起来
2．break away (frm sb./sth.)
脱离；背叛；逃脱
3．belng t
属于
4．as well as
同(一样也)；和；还
5．keep ne's eyes pen (fr)
留心；留意
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ改)If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, the wrkut partner must belng t the same gym.
2．The wman felt that she was lucky enugh t break away frm her awful marriage.
3．The menu cntained traditinal favurites as well as mre adventurus dishes.
4．Libraries ften have cmputers jined t the Internet, t which readers have easy access.
5．Sailrs were warned that they shuld keep their eyes pen fr a change in the wind's directin.
原句结构辨识
写作佳句背诵
1．way后面跟定语从句
They intrduced the beginnings f the English language, and changed the way peple built huses.
他羞愧地低下头，显然意识到自己在购物中心的行为方式不恰当。
He bwed his head in shame, apparently aware f the way he behaved at the shpping centre was inapprpriate.(续写之动作描写)
2.mre than“非常；很”
And if yu intrduce yurself t a friendly face, yu are mre than likely t experience lcal culture and custms first­hand.
听说你想让你11岁的女儿来中国学习书法，我非常高兴。
I'm mre than happy t learn that yu want yur 11­year­ld daughter t cme t China t study Chinese calligraphy.(应用文之建议信)
用于情感、环境描写的词汇
用于动作描写的词汇
eagerly; fascinating; landscape; scent; crwd in
apprach; surrund; charge; rll; dt; greet