【备战2023高考】英语全复习——第19讲《语法填空》练习（全国通用）

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第19讲 语法填空（练）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（一）、 Before coming to China to teach, I wrongly assumed that there would be much ___1___ (difficult) for me since I couldn’t speak Chinese well. Nevertheless, while it presented some interesting challenges, I cannot stress enough how warm the majority of people I met ___2___ (be).Making friends was my big concern ___3___ first but I soon settled in and became good friends with the fellow teachers. There weren’t many foreigners at the school in ___4___ I was teaching, but I had plenty of friendly neighbours ___5___ (keep) me company. They often had me round for dinner!In China, teachers ___6___ (normal) get several weeks off for Chinese New Year, so I was fortunate enough to travel a bit. I loved walking along the Great Wall and visiting the Forbidden City.When it comes to my favourite Chinese food, how can I possibly choose?! Every meal was a feast, especially with the low cost of living which meant eating out wasn’t just something ___7___ (luxury). While I loved the big crowded dinners with 20+ dishes on the table, I was ___8___ big fan of the homemade dumplings my friend made for me. I'd strongly consider going back just to taste them again!Overall, it can't be ___9___ (good) if you can have the chance to teach in China for some time. I’d absolutely do it again if ____10____ (give) the chance.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者来到中国教书的感受。1．difficulty【解析】考查名词。句意：在来中国教书之前，我错误地认为我汉语说得不好，会有很多困难。此处是There be句型，设空处作主语，应用名词difficulty“困难”。故填difficulty。2．were【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，尽管它带来了一些有趣的挑战，但我要强调的是，我遇到的大多数人是多么热情。本空是how引导的宾语从句中的系动词，这个从句含有省略了关系代词的定语从句I met，本空所在从句完整的表达是how warm the majority of people were。故填were。3．at【解析】考查介词。句意：起初，交朋友是我最关心的问题，但我很快就适应了，并和其他老师成为了好朋友。固定短语at first，表示“起初，最初”。故填at。4．which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我任教的学校里没有多少外国人，但我有很多友好的邻居陪伴着我。此处为介词in+which引导的定语从句，先行词school在从句中作状语成分，in+which相当于关系副词where。故填which。5．to keep##keeping【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我任教的学校里没有多少外国人，但我有很多友好的邻居陪伴着我。此处修饰名词neighbours，neighbours和keep为逻辑主谓关系，应用不定式或现在分词，作后置定语，表示“有很多友好的邻居陪伴我”。故填to keep或keeping。6．normally【解析】考查副词。句意：在中国，老师们通常会在春节期间有几周的假期，所以我很幸运地去旅行了一段时间。此处修饰动词get，应用副词normally。故填normally。7．luxurious【解析】考查形容词。句意：每顿饭都是一顿盛宴，尤其是在生活成本较低的情况下，这意味着外出就餐不仅仅是一件奢侈的事情。此处修饰不定代词something，应用形容词，作定语。故填luxurious。8．a【解析】考查冠词。句意：虽然我喜欢餐桌上20多道菜的丰盛晚餐，但我更喜欢朋友亲手做的饺子。此处泛指“一个……的爱好者”，且big以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。9．better【解析】考查比较级。句意：总的来说，如果你能有机会在中国教一段时间，那就再好不过了。固定句型“It can’t be better if +状语从句”表示“如果……那就再好不过了”。故填better。10．given【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果有机会，我绝对会再做一次。分析句子可知，此处为状语从句的省略，这里省去的是从句中的主语I和am，主语I和give为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式，表示被动含义。故填given。（二）、 End of Heat (处暑) implies that most parts in China ____11____ (get) rid of the hot summer and entering autumn. But in some areas, ____12____(especial) in South China, autumn is late in coming and people are still bothered by hot weather. End of Heat is also the busy harvest season for ____13____(farmer).In China, regions beyond the Great Wall will enter autumn in early September. People can enjoy the scenery as it changes gradually ____14____ summer to autumn. When the End of Heat comes, summer heat is ____15____(go). Clouds in the sky scatter (散开) around,____16____(form) different shapes. There is a saying ____17____ goes, “Enjoying the clouds of various forms in July and August.”It is a tradition ____18____(eat) duck during the End of Heat period. Duck has a sweet flavor and according to Chinese traditional medicine it has a “cool” nature. There are many recipes for cooking duck such as roasted duck, cooked duck with lemon,____19____(smoke) duck with walnut dressing and sauteed duck with ginger shoots. The tradition of eating duck during _____20_____ End of Heat period is still popular in China.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了处暑是中国的传统节气之一以及这个节气期间的习俗。11．are getting【解析】考查动词时态。句意：处暑意味着中国大部分地区正在摆脱炎热的夏天，进入秋天。分析句子可知，空处前的most parts in China是主语，且为复数形式，空处在此处作谓语，且与本句and后面的entering autumn并列，entering前面省略了be动词。由此推知，空处需填are getting，为现在进行时态。故填are getting。12．especially【解析】考查副词。句意：但是在一些地区，尤其是在中国南方，秋天来得很晚，人们仍然被炎热的天气所困扰。分析句子可知，此处应为副词作状语，修饰介词短语in South China，结合语意可知，此处意为“尤其，特别”，应用副词especially。故填especially。13．farmers【解析】考查名词。句意：处暑也是农民们忙碌的收获季节。分析句子可知，空处应填名词作介词for的宾语，farmer为可数名词，在本句中表达泛指，应用复数形式。故填farmers。14．from【解析】考查介词。句意：人们可以欣赏从夏天到秋天逐渐变化的风景。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语from…to …，意为“从……到……”，因此此处应填介词from。故填from。15．gone【解析】考查形容词。句意：当处暑到来时候，暑气就没了。分析句子可知，此处位于is后面，故空处应填形容词作表语，表示酷暑过去了，所以要用go的形容词形式gone。故填gone。16．forming【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：天空中的云向四周散开，形成不同的形状。分析句子可知，空处前的scatter为谓语，空处与谓语动词之间无连词连接，故空处应填动词非谓语形式作状语，空处与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填forming。17．that##which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：有句话说得好，“七八月赏千姿百态的云。”。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，关系词指先行词saying指物，并在从句中作主语，因此空处应用that或which引导定语从句。故填that或which。18．to eat【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在处暑时吃鸭子是一个传统。分析句子可知，此处考查固定句型It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.，意为“做某事是怎么样的”，此句型中的It是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，因此此处应填动词不定式作主语。故填to eat。19．smoked【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有许多烹饪鸭子的食谱，如烤鸭、柠檬烧鸭、核桃酱熏鸭和姜笋炒鸭。分析句子可知，本句中roasted duck，cooked duck with lemon以及sauteed duck with ginger shoots可知，空格处应为限定成分，说明duck的制作方式，duck与smoke之间为被动关系，空处应填过去分词作定语。故填smoked。20．the【解析】考查冠词。句意：处暑期间吃鸭子的传统在中国仍然很流行。分析句子可知，此处特指处暑这一时期，应用定冠词the表特指。故填the。（三）、 Walking is great for weight loss, but the benefits go far beyond from higher energy and better mood to stress relief, creativity boost, and more. Whether you’re just having a down day or a down life, taking ___21___ walk can lift your mood especially when you go outdoors. Money for a gym membership, home exercise ___22___ (equip), workout clothes and shoes ___23___ (add) up a lot. But it doesn’t have to. Walking requires ___24___ (absolute) nothing but still provides great health benefits. And ___25___ it can save is not only on things, but also on healthcare. Those who exercised regularly saved much money when it came to healthcare costs compared to those not meeting the minimum weekly exercise requirements. Sleeping a solid eight hours a day ___26___ (be) one of the most important ___27___ (thing) you can do for your health. But sometimes that’s easier ___28___ (say) than to do. Thankfully, a fast walk may be all you need. People who exercise regularly, including walking, fall asleep more quickly, sleep ___29___ (long), and have better quality sleep. Walking is also good for your brain. When you walk, your foot’s impact ___30___ the ground sends pressure waves through the arteries (动脉) that increase blood flow to the brain.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲散步对身体的好处。21．a【解析】考查冠词。句意：无论你是在度过沮丧的一天，还是在过沮丧的生活，散步都能提升你的心情，尤其是当你出门时。walk辅音音素开头搭配a，take a walk表“散步”，为固定搭配。故填a。22．equipment【解析】考查名词。句意：健身房会员、家庭健身器材、运动服和运动鞋的费用加起来很多。由前文 a gym membership可知，此空也应填名词和前面并列。且equipment表“设备”，为不可数名词。故填equipment。23．adds【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：健身房会员、家庭健身器材、运动服和运动鞋的费用加起来很多。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，此句的主语为Money，时态保持和前后文一致用一般现在时，所以此空应用动词第三人称单数形式。故填adds。24．absolutely【解析】考查副词。句意：步行不需要任何东西，但仍然对健康有益。分析句子可知，此空应填副词absolutely作状语修饰前面动词 requires。故填absolutely。25．what【解析】考查主语从句。句意：它能节省的不仅仅是东西，还包括医疗保健。分析句子可知， 　　　　　　 it can save是主语从句，从句中缺宾语且指代物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。26．is【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每天睡八个小时是对你的健康最重要的事情之一。分析句子可知，此句动名词Sleeping a solid eight hours a day充当主语，且时态为一般现在时，所以谓语应用动词第三人称单数。故填is。27．things【解析】考查名词复数。句意：每天睡八个小时是对你的健康最重要的事情之一。one of 后面应加可数名词复数。故填things。28．to say【解析】考查非谓语。句意：但有时说起来容易做起来难。分析句子可知，这里考查sth.+be+adj.+to do结构，动词不定式主动表被动。故填to say。29．longer【解析】考查副词比较级。句意：经常锻炼（包括散步）的人睡得更快，睡得更长，睡眠质量更好。由前文more quickly可知，此空也应用副词long的比较级，作状语修饰动词sleep。故填longer。30．on【解析】考查介词。句意：当你走路时，你的脚对地面的冲击会通过动脉发出压力波，增加流向大脑的血液。impact on表“对……影响”，为固定搭配。故填on。（四）、 I can well remember that I was once asked to deliver a speech titled“A Real Test in My Life"before the whole class at the age of 9!You can imagine how I____31____ (terrible)shy I was with so many eyes ____32____ (fix) on me.I had no____33____ (choose)but to prepare for it,though.First of all,I was to draft the speech,which was just a piece of cake for me,a good writer.But the hardest part ____34____ (lie)in my oral presentation from my memory-for to read from the paper was not allowed.The real moment began ____35____I stood on the platform with my legs trembling and my mind blank.But my listeners were waiting patiently without any signs of rushing me.Gradually I found myself back, ____36____ (deliver)my speech.After what seemed to be a hundred years,I found that my audience burst into applause-I made ____37____From then on,my fear of talking before the audience disappeared.Actually with my ____38____ (confident )building up,I now turn out to be a great speaker.Looking back,I know the greatest difficulty on our way ____39____success is our fear.Overcome it _____40_____we will be able to achieve our goals.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解了作者回忆自己在9岁时，准备公开演讲的经历。31．terribly【解析】考查副词。句意：你可以想象我是多么害羞，被那么多眼睛盯着我。分析句子可知，此处应填入副词修饰形容词shy，再根据提示，故填terribly。32．fixed【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以想象我是多么害羞，被那么多眼睛盯着我。分析句子可知，with复合结构中的so many eyes与fix之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式的非谓语动词。根据提示，故填fixed。33．choice【解析】考查名词。句意：我别无选择，只能做好准备。分析句子可知，no后接名词，且该句式为have no choice but to do sth.意为“除了做某事外，别无选择”，故填 choice。34．lay【解析】考查时态。句意：但最困难的部分在于我记忆中的口头陈述——因为不允许从论文中阅读。分析句子可知，此处应填入谓语动词。根据时间状语at the age of 9可知，本句应为一般过去时态， lie其过去式为 lay。故填lay。35．when【解析】考查连词。句意：真正的那一刻开始，我站在讲台上，双腿颤抖，头脑一片空白。分析句子结构可知，该句是定语从句，其先行词为The real moment，表示时间，故用when来引导该定语从句。故填when。36．delivering【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：渐渐地，我发现自己回来了，开始演讲。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词。动词deliver与逻辑主语I之间是“主谓关系”，应用ing形式的非谓语动词。根据提示，故填delivering。37．it【解析】考查代词。句意：似乎过了一百年，我发现我的听众爆发出掌声——我做到了。make it意为“成功做到某事”，符合句意，故填it。38．confidence【解析】考查名词。句意：事实上，随着我信心的建立，我现在变成了一个伟大的演说家。分析句子可知，形容词性物主代词my之后应加名词，根据提示，故填confidence。39．to【解析】考查介词。句意：回首往事，我知道我们成功之路上最大的困难是我们的恐惧。on one’s way to意为“在某人往……去的路上”，符合句意，故填to。40．and【解析】考查连词。句意：克服它，我们将能够实现我们的目标。分子句子可知，前一句为祈使句，后一句为陈述句。祈使句+and+陈述句，相当于含有条件状语从句的句子“如果……，就……”符合句意，故填and。（五）、 China has formally made an announcement of its first five national parks of 230, 000 from Tibet to Hainan, focusing on ___41___ (preserve) of its most valuable bio-resources. Giant Panda National Park will surely be ___42___ hit with the swells of tourists who come yearly for some of the world’s cutest animals. ___43___ (cover) three provinces (Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu), the region is the panda’s natural habitat. The intersection (交汇处) of Jilin and Heilongiang provinces is home to Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park, which ___44___ (set) out to protect the habitats of those two species since its start. It is the unique area   ___45___ live both wild Siberian tigers and Siberian leopards. China’s best-preserved rainforest is in Hainan, the only place in the world ___46___ (find) the Hainan black-crested gibbon(黑冠长臂猿). Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park protects the gibbons and ___47___ (they) environment. Unlike those three, Wuyishan National Park in Fujian Province and Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau focus ___48___ (much) on preserving multiple animals than ___49___ (specific) protecting one species. They serve various rare and endangered species and conserve biodiversity. Now, with some tourist programs ____50____ place, these parks will be a good way for tourists to truly experience the natural originality as well as expansive Chinese landscape.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国第一批五个国家公园的情况及其意义。41．preservation【解析】考查名词。句意：中国已正式宣布从西藏到海南的首批五个国家公园，占地 23万平方公里，重点保护其最宝贵的生物资源。分析句子可知，介词on之后，应该加上名词作为宾语，根据提示，此处应用名词preservation(保护)，且为不可数名词，故填preservation。42．a【解析】考查冠词。句意：大熊猫国家公园每年都会吸引大批游客前来观赏世界上最可爱的动物。hit此处泛指“受欢迎的事物”应用不定冠词，且hit是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。43．Covering【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该地区覆盖四川、陕西、甘肃三省，是大熊猫的自然栖息地。分析句子结构可知cover在句中应用非谓语动词形式作状语，与逻辑主语the region构成主动关系，故用现在分词。句首单词首字母要大写，且根据提示，故填Covering。44．has set【解析】考查时态。句意：吉林省和黑龙江省交汇处的交汇处是东北虎豹国家公园的所在地，该公园从一开始就着手保护这两种物种的栖息地。根据后文since its start可知从句用现在完成时，从句谓语与先行词Northeast Chins Tiger and Leopard National Park保持一致，助动词用has。故填has set。45．where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是一个独特的地区，同时生活着野生东北虎和东北豹。此处为定语从句修饰先行词area，从句为倒装句，关系副词where在从句中作状语，相当于in this area。故填where。46．to find【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国保存最完好的热带雨林在海南，世界上唯一发现黑冠长臂猿的地方。place前有the only修饰，后面的定语用to do形式。故填to find。47．their【解析】考查代词。句意：海南热带雨林国家公园保护长臂猿和它们的生存环境。修饰后文名词environment应用形容词性物主代词，且这里表示“长臂猿的生存环境”。故填their。48．more【解析】考查形容词。句意：与这三个国家不同的是，福建省武夷山国家公园和青藏高原三江源国家公园更注重保护多种动物，而不是专门保护一个物种。结合后文than可知应用much的比较级形式。故填more。49．specifically【解析】考查副词。句意：与这三个国家不同的是，福建省武夷山国家公园和青藏高原三江源国家公园更注重保护多种动物，而不是专门保护一个物种。修饰后文动词protect应用副词specifically，作状语。再根据提示，故填specifically。50．in【解析】考查介词。句意：现在，随着一些旅游项目的准备就绪，这些公园将成为游客真正体验自然原创性和广阔中国景观的好方法。短语in place意为“到位”，符合句意，故填in。