外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习34 ：选择性必修3 Unit 4　A glimpse of the future(含解析)

这是一份外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习34 ：选择性必修3 Unit 4　A glimpse of the future(含解析)，共11页。试卷主要包含了 grwth　考查名词， t help　考查动词不定式等内容，欢迎下载使用。

选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 A glimpse f the future
A组·基础巩固
Ⅰ. 语法填空
A
(2021·湘赣十四校联考)Clse t 70 percent f the wrld's ppulatin will live in cities by the year 2050. Experts warn that ppulatin 1. ________ (grw) will wrsen husing crises in sme areas.
Large cities arund the wrld already struggle with husing prblems. In sme neighburhds, rising huse prices have frced 2. ________ very pr away frm their hmes. Many pr peple nw live in shelters r n the streets.
Peple 3. ________ (mve) t large cities nw nt just fr high­paying jbs. Many are als lking fr the chance t live and wrk with ther peple, career advancement and access t much 4. ________(gd) resurces. Sme cuntries have built new capital cities 5. ________ (help) ease(缓解) vercrwding. These effrts help, but d nt slve the prblem.
The reprt says that by 2030, the wrld will have had 43 very large 6. ________ (city), each with mre than 10 millin peple.
Tjada McKenna, 7. ________ is chief perating fficer fr an aid grup, says that the ability t wn a hme in many cuntries is ften difficult, 8. ________ (especial) fr wmen and minrity grups.
Every city is different in 9. ________ (deal) with develpment prblems. Each ne has its wn ecnmic frces at wrk and its wn histry. Experts say that answers 10. ________ the husing crisis and ther prblems must be develped city by city.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。到21世纪中叶，更多的人可能会居住在城市。专家警告说，这种人口增长将会加剧某些地区的住房危机。
1. grwth 考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子主语，因此应用名词形式，grw的名词为grwth。故填grwth。
2. the 考查冠词。此处指“穷人”，可用the＋adj.指代一类人。故填the。
3. are mving 考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，此处是句子的谓语动词，根据nw判断为现在进行时，主语Peple是复数。故填are mving。
4. better 考查形容词的比较级。句中resurces是名词，应用形容词修饰，再根据much判断此处用比较级。故填better。
5. t help 考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词，再联系句意，此处表目的，故用不定式。故填t help。
6. cities 考查名词的单复数。句中city是可数名词，根据空格之前的43可知此处用复数形式。故填cities。
7. wh 考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，故用关系代词，先行词Tjada McKenna指人，故用关系代词wh。故填wh。
8. especially 考查副词。提示词修饰介词短语“fr wmen and minrity grups”，故用副词形式。故填especially。
9. dealing 考查动名词。句中in为介词，其后接动名词作宾语。故填dealing。
10. t 考查固定搭配。根据固定搭配answer t the questin/prblem(问题的答案)可知，此处用介词t。故填t。
B
The Beijing Daxing Internatinal Airprt (BDIA) was 1. ________ (frmal) pened n Sept. 25, 2019. Lcated arund 46km suth f Tian'anmen Square, it was designed by famed architect Zaha Hadid. BDIA was listed 2. ________ the first f the “seven wnders f the mdern wrld near cmpletin” by The Guardian in 2015.
The new airprt cmplex, cnsisting f a main terminal, a supprting service building and a parking lt, 3. ________ (cver) an area f abut 1.4 millin square metres. The starfish design is extremely space efficient, with 4. ________ jurney f just 600 metres frm security t the furthest gate. 5. ________ culd be the mst expected innvatin at BDIA is its artificial intelligence. The airprt 6. ________ (set) up mre than 400 self­service check­in machines already, which can 7. ________ (shrt) passengers' waiting time t abut 10 minutes. Travellers can be scanned n cameras 8. ________ (use) facial recgnitin. Cunters can be fully autmated t capture (抓拍) face phts and relay 9. ________ (they) during each part f the jurney thrugh the airprt, including security and the departure gate.
The Daxing Airprt — said t be the wrld's largest terminal in a single building — is expected 10. ________ (receive) a large amunt f 170 millin passengers by 2025. It will becme a new transprt hub fr the greater Beijing regin.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京大兴国际机场的相关信息。
1. frmally 考查副词。根据后面的动词“pened”可知，此处应用副词修饰动词pened。故填frmally。
2. as 考查介词。be listed as是固定短语，意为“被列为，被记录”。故填as。
3. cvers 考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，前面有非谓语动词cnsisting，该句缺少谓语动词，且主语“The new airprt cmplex”是单数，所以此处应用cvers。故填cvers。
4. a 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处泛指“一次行程”，且jurney以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
5. What 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句中谓语动词is前面的是主语，所以空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，应用what引导。故填What。
6. has set 考查动词的时态。already是现在完成时的标志性词，表明某件事情已经完成，所以此处应用现在完成时。故填has set。
7. shrten 考查动词。助动词can后接动词原形，所以此处应用动词形式shrten。故填shrten。
8. using 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词，动词use与其逻辑主语travellers之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填using。
9. them 考查代词。动词relay后接代词的宾格形式，所以此处用them。故填them。
10. t receive 考查动词不定式。expect t d sth.是固定搭配，意为“期望做某事”。故填t receive。
Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子
1. 尽管她是个女孩子，却喜欢和男孩子一起玩。(thugh引导的让步状语从句)
Girl thugh she is, she likes t play with bys.
2. 越来越多的孩子让手机控制了他们的生活，这令人担忧。(get＋宾语＋宾补)
Mre and mre children get their life cntrlled by phnes, which is wrrying.
3. 尽管他很不情愿，但他别无选择只能走回家。(while引导的让步状语从句)
While he was unwilling, he had n chice but t walk hme.
4. 多亏了人工智能，我可以有更多的时间陪孩子。(thanks t...)
Thanks t artificial intelligence, I can have mre time t accmpany my child.
5. 说的和做的要一致。(cnsistent)
Actins must be cnsistent with wrds.
B组·能力提升
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
We have heard sme interesting ways that 5G wireless technlgy might change ur lives in the future.
5G, shrt fr the 5th generatin mbile cmmunicatin technlgy, prmises Internet speeds between 50 and 100 times faster than current 4G systems. While 5G is set t be used in sme limited areas f America this year, much f the wrld is nt expected t receive widely available service until 2023.
One prject in Britain, hwever, is already testing this superfast technlgy n an unlikely grup f Internet users－cws. The prject was develped by American technlgy cmpany Cisc Systems. It als receives mney frm the British gvernment. Cisc says the prgramme seeks t explre the future f 5G cnnectivity in rural areas arund the wrld.
Testing areas were set up at farms in three rural areas f England. The cws are equipped with 5G­cnnected devices (装置) that link up t a rbtic milking system, which uses sensrs and machine learning t fully autmate the prcess. System designers say technlgy takes ver after a cw feels ready t be milked and walks twards an autmatic gate. The device is designed t recgnise each individual cw. It then psitins equipment t the right bdy psitin fr milking. During the prcess, machines release fd fr the cw as a reward.
Other 5G technlgy tls include autmated brushes that turn n when the cw rubs up against them. Sensrs als cntrl the amunt f light t the cws' living areas depending n the weather. And, an autmatic feeding system makes sure the animals always get enugh t eat.
Duncan Frbes, head f the prject, tld Reuters that the prject shws the farm's cw peratins can be greatly imprved with 5G technlgy and that the experiment prvides strng evidence that 5G technlgy can be widely used in the future, nt just n farms in Britain, but in rural cmmunities acrss the wrld.
1. What is the purpse f Cisc Systems' prgramme?
A. T win financial supprt frm the British gvernment.
B. T test the effects f 5G technlgy n animals.
C. T prmte its technlgical develpment in Britain.
D. T expand the future use f 5G in rural cmmunities.
2. What des the underlined wrd “It” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A. The prject. B. The cmpany. C. The technlgy. D. The grup.
3. What can we learn abut 5G accrding t the text?
A. It is n wrse than 4G in terms f speed.
B. It is already widely available in the wrld.
C. It enables cws t cntrl their wn milking.
D. It is based n sensrs and machine learning.
4. In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment. B. Lifestyle. C. Educatin. D. Technlgy.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。美国思科公司在一个项目中将5G技术应用于奶牛身上来实现挤奶的自动化。
1. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Cisc says the prgramme seeks t explre the future f 5G cnnectivity in rural areas arund the wrld.”可知，该项目旨在探索全球农村地区5G连接的未来。也就是该项目是为了扩大未来5G在农村地区的使用。故选D。
2. A 代词指代题。根据第三段中的“The prject was develped by American technlgy cmpany Cisc Systems. It als receives mney frm the British gvernment.”可知，这里的“it”指的就是上文中的“The prject”，故选A。
3. C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The cws are equipped with 5G­cnnected devices (装置) that link up t a rbtic milking system... the right bdy psitin fr milking. During the prcess, machines release fd fr the cw as a reward.”可判断出5G可以通过连接装置让奶牛自己控制挤奶。故选C。
4. D 文章出处题。本文主要讲的是将5G技术应用于奶牛身上，实现挤奶的自动化，由此推断这篇文章属于科学技术板块。故选D。
Ⅱ. 阅读七选五
Why Is Srting Imprtant When Recycling?
We all agree that we shuld recycle mre at hme, in the ffice r when ut and abut. 1 Cnsequently, they can be cllected and taken t the right place fr recycling. This is what the prcess f srting allws us t d.
2 And the effective srting needs t happen first, in ur wn hme and secnd, in srting plants t which waste is cllected. When yu put a plastic bttle in the right recycling bag r bin, yu are helping srt recyclables s that the right material can be fed int the right recycling prcess. If srting des nt happen, a lt f recyclable materials can end up in landfills. It will lead t valuable resurces lst frm ur ecnmy.
3 Fr instance, in Brussels, cnsumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartns in blue bags designed fr recyclable packaging; paper in yellw bags fr recycling; and glass needs t be taken t specific cllectin bins. Smewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic t be separately cllected in different weeks f the year. 4 ．
Once recyclable materials are cllected frm yur hme, they are further srted in specialised facilities which ensure the quality f the recycling prcess. 5 Traditinally, srting has been dne either manually with wrkers srting what can be recycled and picking ut the materials t be discarded r mechanically. Tday, hwever, new srting technlgies are being develped in rder t speed up the prcess f srting but als t cause better results. Exciting technlgies using magnets r ptical systems are being used t effectively srt materials s mre f it can be recycled.
A. Fr effective recycling we need effective srting.
B. Packaging at wrk is the first step twards recycling.
C. This is where different srting techniques cme int play.
D. S citizens need t be aware f their lcal cllectin system.
E. Cllectin systems can be very different frm cuntry t cuntry.
F. The rest was landfilled r burned even thugh they culd have been recycled r reused.
G. But fr materials t be recycled, they first need t find their way t the right waste stream.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在环保方面垃圾回收分类的重要性及如何具体分类。
1. G 根据上文“We all agree that we shuld recycle mre at hme, in the ffice r when ut and abut.”及下文“Cnsequently, they can be cllected and taken t the right place fr recycling.”可知，我们都赞同多回收垃圾，但是要回收材料，首先需要找到正确的废物来源。故选G。
2. A 根据下文“And the effective srting needs t happen first, in ur wn hme and secnd, in srting plants t which waste is cllected.”可知，本段在讲述垃圾如何分类。故选A。
3. E 根据下文“Fr instance, in Brussels, cnsumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartns in blue bags designed fr recyclable packaging; paper in yellw bags fr recycling; and glass needs t be taken t specific cllectin bins.”可知，此处列举了布鲁塞尔、维也纳等地的不同收集方法，也就是说不同国家的收集系统可能非常不同。故选E。
4. D 根据上文“Smewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic t be separately cllected in different weeks f the year.”可知，不同国家的收集系统可能非常不同，因此人们需要了解自己当地的收集系统。故选D。
5. C 根据上文“Once recyclable materials are cllected frm yur hme, they are further srted in specialised facilities which ensure the quality f the recycling prcess.”及下文“Traditinally, srting has been dne either manually with wrkers srting what can be recycled and picking ut the materials t be discarded r mechanically.”可知，在专门的设施里，不同分类技术发挥各自的作用。故选C。
Ⅲ. 完形填空
The victims were carried in ne by ne, their paws and fur burned, suffering frm dehydratin (脱水) and fear. Their caretakers 1 their wunds, and 2 them in baskets with the nly thing that was 3 — the leaves f eucalyptus (桉树) tree. As miserable fires have 4 mre than 2 millin acres in Australia, nly dzens f kalas have been 5 frm the smky trees and 6 grund.
Kalas, unlike kangars, birds r snakes, d nt 7 frm fires but instead climb trees t the tp, where they can curl themselves int a ball fr 8 and wait fr the danger t 9 ．
But during big fires such as thse that have burned in recent weeks, the animals are far less likely t 10 . Even if the fire itself des nt reach the tree 11 ， the animals may verheat and fall t the grund, where they can be burned t death.
The tugh situatin f the kala has raised 12 amng scientists and cnservatinists (环保主义者). While kalas have develped t exist alngside the wildfires, they are facing new 13 ， nt just frm climate change but als frm human develpment, which has dislcated (扰乱) kalas' ppulatins, 14 their ability t survive fires.
We have these 15 animals nt fund anywhere else n this planet, and we are killing them. This is a big wake­up call.
1. A. tuchedB. treatedC. ignredD. discvered
2. A. threwB. lckedC. laidD. frced
3. A. familiarB. plentifulC. beautifulD. expensive
4. A. reachedB. leftC. burnedD. trapped
5. A. killedB. recgnisedC. hurtD. rescued
6. A. flatB. blackC. bradD. safe
7. A. escapeB. dieC. sufferD. rise
8. A. balanceB. prtectinC. challengeD. cmfrt
9. A. attackB. cmeC. passD. avid
10. A. jumpB. climbC. fallD. survive
11. A. tpB. leavesC. trunkD. rt
12. A. passinB. cncernC. fearD. interest
13. A. chancesB. chicesC. neighbursD. threats
14. A. weakeningB. develpingC. enrichingD. ensuring
15. A. lnelyB. stupidC. lazyD. unique
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚的森林大火持续蔓延，造成许多动物受伤，其中考拉伤亡严重，这次火灾警示世人要保护动物。
1. B 根据上文可知它们被火烧伤了，根据关键词“caretakers”可知是对伤口进行治疗。故选B。
2. C 它们受伤了，医护人员治疗后会小心地把它们放入篮子里。故选C。
3. A 根据下文可知这些受伤的动物是考拉，故它们对桉树的叶子是熟悉的。故选A。
4. C 句意：由于可怕的火灾在澳大利亚已经燃烧超过两百万英亩的区域，只有几十只考拉，从烟雾弥漫的树木中和烧焦的土地上，得以营救。根据“miserable fires”可知是燃烧。故选C。
5. D 根据上文护理人员救治考拉可知，是考拉从大火中被营救。故选D。
6. B 根据上文可知，火灾十分严重，树林烟雾弥漫，大地被烧焦，因此地面是黑色的。故选B。
7. A 句意：考拉，与袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇不同，它们不会从火中逃脱，而是爬到树顶，在那儿，它们蜷缩成一团以保护自己，然后等待危险过去。由下文可知，考拉爬到树顶保护自己，因此说它们不像袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇那样能从火灾中逃脱。故选A。
8. B 在大火中，它们爬上树顶，蜷缩成一团是为了保护自己。故选B。
9. C 由上文可知，考拉爬到树顶等待危险过去。故选C。
10. D 根据下文可知，即使火没有烧到树顶，动物们也会因为过热掉落到地上被烧死，所以很难存活。故选D。
11. A 根据上文可知，考拉是爬到树顶躲避大火。故选A。
12. B 考拉遭遇了火灾，科学家和环保主义者应该是担忧的。故选B。
13. D 上文提到的野火对考拉来说是生存的威胁，由此可知下文提到气候变化、人类发展是它们面对的新的威胁。故选D。
14. A 根据上文可知，人类的发展是考拉面临的新的威胁，带来的是不好的影响，因此是削弱了考拉的生存能力。故选A。
15. D 根据下文“nt fund anywhere else n this planet”可知是独一无二的。故选D。