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    (新高考)高考英语二轮复习课时精炼考向58 语法填空之解答谓语类填空的4策略(2份打包,解析版+原卷版)

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    这是一份(新高考)高考英语二轮复习课时精炼考向58 语法填空之解答谓语类填空的4策略(2份打包,解析版+原卷版),文件包含新高考高考英语二轮复习课时精炼考向58语法填空之解答谓语类填空的4策略解析版doc、新高考高考英语二轮复习课时精炼考向58语法填空之解答谓语类填空的4策略原卷版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共34页, 欢迎下载使用。
    考向58 语法填空
    解答谓语类填空的4策略
    策略一 4个微技能搞定谓语动词时态
    【考情再现】
    1. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷) collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ________ (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened .
    答案与解析 formed 句意:例如,汉斯·斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。分析句子结构可知,collected by Sir Hans Sloane是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰名词objects,故空处是谓语动词,根据该句时间状语in 1759可知,主句谓语所表示的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。主语objects与form“构成”是主动关系,故填formed。
    2. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) some Inuit people in Nunavut ________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.
    答案与解析 have reported 句意:近年来,一些因纽特人报告说,在人类居住地附近看到北极熊的次数有所增加,这让人们以为熊的数量正在增加。根据该句时间状语In recent years可知,本句应用现在完成时,故填have reported。
    3. (2018·全国卷Ⅱ), ________ (grow) more corn than rice.
    答案与解析 has grown 句意:自2011年以来,中国种植的玉米比水稻多。根据句中时间状语Since 2011可知,此处谓语动词用现在完成时,且主语the country是第三人称单数形式,故填has grown。
    4. (2020·浙江高考7月卷), ________ (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
    答案与解析 had discovered by + 过去时间,表“到……为止”,该句谓语所表示的动作先于过去的时间“公元前6000年”之前发生,表过去的过去,应用过去完成时,故填had discovered。
    5. (2020·浙江高考7月卷)—You are a great swimmer.
    —Thanks. It's because I ________ (practice) a lot .
    答案与解析 have been practicing 句中时间状语是these days,结合“You are a great swimmer”可知,此处应用现在完成进行时,表动作的持续,强调一直在练习,填have been practicing。
    微技能1 时间状语判断法
    在高考语法填空中,有时会给出时间标志,可根据所给时间状语确定对应时态。
    ①一般现在时:sometimes, every week/day/year/morning等。
    ②一般过去时:yesterday, last week/night/year/month, the other day, in+过去的年份、时间段+ago, 时间段+later等。
    ③现在进行时:look, listen, now, at present, at this moment/time等。
    ④过去进行时:at that time/moment等。
    ⑤一般将来时:tomorrow, next week/year, in+时间段, in the future等。
    ⑥将来进行时:at six/this time tomorrow等。
    ⑦现在完成时:since+时间点, recently, lately already, so far, ever since, up to/until/by now, during/over/in the last/past+时间段, in/over recent+时间段等。
    ⑧过去完成时:by then, until then, by/before/till the end of+过去时间点等。
    【考情再现】
    6. (2020·全国卷Ⅲ)When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they ________ (point) down the river.
    答案与解析 pointed and是并列连词,在该句中连接两个并列谓语,两个并列谓语时态应一致,根据and前的 smiled 可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填pointed。
    7. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Our hosts many of their experiences and ________ (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.
    答案与解析 recommended 分析句子结构可知,“and”连接的是两个并列的谓语,时态应一致,设空处应用一般过去时,故填recommended。
    8. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ) When the gorillas and I each other, I just glad to find them alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ________ (mean) me no real harm.
    答案与解析 meant 设空处所填谓语动词与句中已有的谓语动词frightened和was时态一致,应用一般过去时,故填mean的过去式meant。
    牢记:①mean_sb._no_harm/mean_no_harm_to_sb._“对某人没有恶意”;②不规则动词mean(意味,打算)—meant—meant—meaning。
    9. (2020·浙江高考7月卷改编)This style of farming for quite a long time. Then, with the rise of science, changes ________ (begin).
    答案与解析 began 设空所在句的前面一句是过去时,根据时态一致原则可知,该句也应用一般过去时。故填began。
    微技能2 参考语境和并列谓语
    (1)语境理解少不了:题干中没给出具体的时间状语时,应仔细分析设空处所在句前后句子中的谓语动词的时态,弄清动作发生的时间及顺序,确定所填谓语动词的时态。
    (2)瞻前顾后找并列:①可根据并列连词and, but, or, as well as, rather than, both ... and ..., neither ... nor ..., either ... or ..., not only ... but also ...等前后的谓语动词形式确定所填谓语动词的时态;②同一个主语连接两个或两个以上的并列谓语,谓语动词时态要一致。
    【考情再现】
    10. (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)“This really scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it ________ (mean) we the chance to obtain information about how the moon ________ (construct)”.
    答案与解析 means; is constructed 主句是一般现在时,故because引导的从句也用一般现在时,主语是it,该处谓语动词用第三人称单数形式means,故填means。第二空是how引导的宾语从句的谓语动词,主语the moon与动词construct之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,means后的宾语从句是一般现在时,该处用一般现在时,又主语the moon是单数,故填is constructed。
    11. (2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ________ (declare) she no plans to retire from her 36­year­old business.
    答案与解析 declared 本句为主从复合句,设空后的“she had no plans to retire from her 36­year­old business”为宾语从句,设空处在句子中作主句的谓语,应与宾语从句谓语时态一致,用一般过去时,故填declared。
    12. (2020·天津高考7月卷)I never ________ (worry) about my son while I was away because my mother kept an eye on him.
    答案与解析 worried 句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子,因为我母亲会照看他。while引导的从句是一般过去时,故主句用一般过去时,填worried。
    13. (2019·浙江高考)When every pupil in the school the uniform, nobody ________ (have) to worry about fashion (时尚).
    答案与解析 will have/has 句意:当学校里每个学生都穿校服时,没有人需要/会担心时尚问题。本句是由when引导的时间状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,因此,主句可以使用将来时will do;根据语境可知,本处叙述的是客观事实,因此,也可用一般现在时,主语是nobody,谓语用has。故填will have/has。
    14. (2019·浙江高考)One study in America that students' grades ________ (improve) a little after the school uniforms.
    答案与解析 improved 句意:美国的一项研究发现,在学校推行校服制度后,学生的成绩有所提高。分析句子成分可知,设空处在句子中作宾语从句的谓语,宾语从句中的时间状语是after引导的时间状语从句,主从句时态应保持一致,宾语从句应用一般过去时,故填improved。
     微技能3 时态呼应判断法
    ①在时间、条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时;主句用一般过去时,从句用一般过去时。
    ②在宾语从句中,如主句用一般过去时,从句应用过去的某种时态;从句表客观事实或真理,用一般现在时。
    微技能4 固定句型判断法
    ①祈使句+and/or/otherwise+陈述句,陈述句用一般将来时。
    ②This/It/That is+the+序数词+time+(that)从句,从句用现在完成时。
    ③This/It/That was+the+序数词+time+(that)从句,从句用过去完成时。
    ④It is/has been+时间段+since sb./sth. did ...
    ⑤was/were doing sth. when sb./sth.did ...
    ⑥no sooner/hardly had sb.done sth.than/when sb./sth. did ...
    ⑦by the time+sb./sth. did,主语+had done ...
    策略二 辨别逻辑,析主动或被动
    【考情再现】
    15. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷) of a museum open to the public ________ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection on display.
    答案与解析 are called 根据下一句的时态结合此处描述的是客观情况可知,该句应用一般现在时;主语The parts 与call是被动关系,应用被动语态,且主语The parts 是复数概念。故填are called。
    16. (2020·全国卷Ⅲ)The artist was sure ________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed.
    答案与解析 be chosen 本句主语he与choose是被动关系,应用被动语态,且情态动词would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。choose(选择)—chose—chosen—choosing。
    17. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On the last day of our week­long stay, ________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
    答案与解析 were invited 设空处在句中作谓语,根据时间状语 “On the last day of our week­long stay”可知,此处表发生在过去的动作,且主语we与invite之间是被动关系, 应用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语为we,故填were invited。
    18. (2020·浙江高考7月卷)Farming produced more food for person than hunting and gathering,so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food ________ (need).
    答案与解析 was needed 主语more food 和need之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。as引导的时间状语从句是一般过去时,故主句用一般过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。
    19. (2020·浙江高考1月卷)People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should ________ (place) on longevity (长寿).
    答案与解析 be placed 该句主语attention与place是被动关系,且设空前是情态动词should,故填be placed。place attention on“注重;关注”。
    【技巧微点】
    解题时要首先找出句子的主语,然后确定主语与动词之间的关系:①主语是动作的发出者,动词则用主动语态;②主语是动作的承受者,则用被动语态。只有及物动词(短语)才有被动语态。系动词和不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。
    牢记常考的几种时态的被动语态
    (1)①一般现在时:am/is/are done;②一般过去时:was/were done;③一般将来时:will be done;④过去将来时:would be done;⑤现在进行时:am/is/are being done;⑥过去进行时:was/were being done;⑦现在完成时:has/have been done;⑧过去完成时:had been done。
    (2)含有情态动词的被动语态形式:情态动词+be done。
    (3)牢记常考的不及物动词,如:remain, happen, occur, belong to等。
    策略三 主谓一致定词形
    【考情再现】
    20. (2020·全国卷Ⅱ) This is why ________ (carry) special significance.
    答案与解析 carries 这是一个表语从句,从句主语为动名词短语“decorating with plants, fruits and flowers”,所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。
    21. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three declining, six ________ (be) stable, one increasing, and nine enough data.
    答案与解析 are 本句由多个分句并列组成,其中设空处所在的分句的主语是six, 为复数概念,谓语应用复数,且下文的lack也是提示;本句叙述的是一般事实, 应用一般现在时,故填are。
    22. (2020·天津高考7月卷) reached 18 in the early 1990s and ________ (remain) around that level .
    答案与解析 has remained 根据句中时间状语ever since“从那以后”可知,该句用现在完成时。主语为The number of medical schools,the number of 表“……的数目”,修饰复数名词作主语时,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。remain “保持”是不及物动词,无被动语态,故填has remained。
    23. (2020·天津高考5月卷)A survey carried out last year that in this city ________ (be) in favour of the proposal on health care reform.
    答案与解析 were 该句时间状语是last year,主句是一般过去时,故从句中应用一般过去时,“百分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数与介词of后的名词的数保持一致。the middle­aged指一类人,表复数意义,谓语用复数,故填were。
    【技巧微点】
    (1)一致原则:①主语从句、不可数名词、单数名词、表示距离、时间、金钱等的名词、不定式(短语)或动名词(短语)或不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式; ②定语从句谓语动词的数与其所修饰的名词或代词的数保持一致。
    (2)就近原则:①or, either ... or ..., neither ... nor ..., not only ... but (also) ..., not ... but ... 等连接并列主语时; ②在there/here be 句式中,谓语动词与最邻近的主语在数上保持一致。
    (3)就远原则:“名词+介词(with/along with/together with/as well as/rather than/in addition to/including等)+名词”作主语,谓语动词与第一个名词或代词在数上保持一致。
    策略四 情态动词/虚拟语气凸显谓语
    【考情再现】
    24. (2020·天津高考7月卷)Jim says we ________ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.
    答案与解析 can 根据后面的“as long as we leave it clean and tidy”可知,Jim许可我们待在他的房子里,此处表“许可”,故填情态动词can。
    25. (2020·江苏高考)If I hadn't been faced with so many barriers, I wouldn't ________ (be) where I am.
    答案与解析 be 此处是错综时间虚拟语气,根据空后where I am可知,主句是与现在事实相反的假设,主句谓语动词应用would do形式。空前已有wouldn't, 故填be。
    26. (2020·天津高考5月卷)You shouldn't ________ (scold) him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best.
    答案与解析 have scolded 根据前后句关系可知,此处表示“本不该”,是shouldn't have done指做了本不该做的事,空前已有shouldn't, 故填have scolded。
    27. (2019·天津高考)The workers , otherwise they would ________ (accomplish) the task in half the time.
    答案与解析 have accomplished 根据空前的“The workers were not better organized”可知,这是对过去情况的含蓄的虚拟。表示与过去事实相反的假设,其句子结构相当于:从句:If+主语+过去完成时+其他,主句:主语+should (would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他,设空前已有would, 故填have accomplished。
    28. (2018·北京高考)In today's information age, the loss of data ________ cause serious problems for a company.
    答案与解析 can 句意:在当今信息时代,丢失数据有可能给公司带来严重的问题。can表客观可能性“有时可能”。
    29. (2018·北京高考)They a better hotel if they ________ (drive) a few more kilometers.
    答案与解析 had driven 由主句谓语“might have found”可知,if从句是对过去事实的假设,从句谓语用过去完成时,故填had driven。
    30. (2018·江苏高考)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I ________ (have) to become more involved.
    答案与解析 had wish后为宾语从句,表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语用一般过去时,故填had。
    【技巧微点】
    情态动词和虚拟语气是高考设题的冷点
    (1)情态动词不能单独作谓语,需和后面的实义动词或be动词构成谓语:情态动词+do/be;表对过去的猜测时用“情态动词+have done”。
    (2)虚拟语气的考查重点在于判断句子是对现在、过去还是将来的情况进行的虚拟,判断出时间后再根据相应的句型确定谓语动词的形式。
    (3)牢记几个句式:①would rather that ... did (与现在或将来相反)/had done (与过去相反); ②It's (high) time that ... did/should do; ③wish that+ ... would/could do (与将来事实相反); wish that+ ... did/were(与现在事实相反); wish that+ ... had done (与过去事实相反)。
    【检测训练】
    1
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。
    Differences in lifestyles and personalities result in roommate conflicts. One person likes quiet, while the other person turns up his sound system to the point 1. the whole room trembles.
    Most roommate conflicts spring from such small, 2. (annoy) differences rather than from major disagreements 3. abstract philosophical principles. However, if not 4. (deal) with carefully, they will eventually tear roommates apart. Roommate conflicts do harm 5. students’ psychological health and cause depression. In extreme cases, roommate conflicts can lead to serious violence, 6. they did at Harvard last spring: One student killed her roommate before committing suicide. So far, many schools 7. (start) conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode, 8. (result) in physical violence. Some colleges have turned to “roommate contracts” that all new students have to sign after attending a seminar on roommate relations. The contracts cover terms like 9. (accept) hours for study and sleep and a policy for use of each other’s 10. (belong), etc.
    2
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,把答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
    All hotels are redecorated regularly. However, very few do it as 11. (frequent) as Sweden's Icehotel. As the name indicates, the hotel 12. (construct) entirely from ice and, therefore, has to be rebuilt every year! The Icehotel consists of 69 rooms. To make them affordable for everyone, they range from expensive luxury suites(套房) to 13. (base) accommodations.
    Among this year's unique suite offerings 14. (be) the “Elephant in the Room”. 15. (create) by Swedish artist, it features a three-meter-tall sculpted African elephant overlooking an ice bed. The “Counting Sheep” suite features frozen sheep 16. may help people suffering from sleeplessness get a good night. To keep customers entertained ,the hotel offers a 17. (various) of fun activities like snowshoeing, moose(驼鹿) or snowmobile safaris, dog sledding, and even overnight wilderness camping. Guests have to lie inside sleeping bags and keep their gloves and hats on. Though that seems a little uncomfortable, visitors say it is 18. experience like none other.
    The construction of the Icehotel began in 1989. Sadly, the hotel is only available between December 19. February. With the temperature 20. (rise) after that, the Icehotel will eventually melt into a huge pool in mid-April.
    3
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Are all changes good?
    It is a commonly held belief that as people get older, they become resistant to change. Their complaints that things used to be better in the past or 21. some new development is no good can be dismissed as the unavoidable thoughts of people who22. (simple) don't like change and are therefore 23. (able) to see the benefits of progress.
    But is this automatically true? Are the views of an older person on a new development always to be disregarded? This would suggest that every new development must be a good 24. and surely that cannot logically be25. case.
    Take26. (architect) for example. In the 1950s and 1960s, many older British people were highly critical of the new concrete housing blocks that suddenly sprang up in cities, 27. (say) that they were ugly and depressing places to live in. They were 28. (tell) that they were simply being old-fashioned and that they were incapable of appreciating the advantages of these new buildings, which had replaced the streets of small houses that they were familiar with. 29. decades later, these very same blocks were being pulled30. , as new generations decided they were both ugly and bad for society.
    4
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Zhejiang province plans to roll out a pilot credit system for parents,31. will give them priority for activities organized by education authorities.
    The aim of the project is32. (encourage) parents to be more involved in their children's education and overall growth, though taking the course is33. (option).
    Since the Zhejiang Digital Parent School opened last year on Zhijianghui, an education app34. (release) by the provincial education department, it has issued 220 , 000 e-certificates to parents who participated in digital parent schools across the province.
    Approximately 70 percent of primary and middle schools in the province35. (expect) to build digital parent schools by 2025, according to a blueprint from the provincial education department.
    By the end of last year , 920 online parenting education schools for primary and secondary schools36. (establish) across Zhejiang, accounting for 15 percent of the province's primary and secondary schools. Just over 30 percent were launched through the Zhijianghui app.
    Song Lingshu,37. 35-year-old graphic designer and mother of a 10-year-old boy in Hangzhou's Gongshu district, spoke highly of such38. (move). "Such training is aimed at improving parents' capabilities in39. (they) parenting skills and knowledge," she said.
    40. , she said such credit systems should not be considered a one-size-fits-all solution for parents, adding that kindergartens and schools should play their roles in improving children's education alongside parents.
    5
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Although festivals have changed a lot with the development of society, the importance of traditional festivals in their lives has never 41. (change). Over 5000 years history has been witnessed the 42. (create) of many Chinese traditional festivals—Chinese New Year, Chinese Mid-Autumn Festivals, the Dragon Boat Festival ,many of which 43. (have) a long history in China. It's very important to promote traditional Chinese festivals as traditional festivals teach us about Chinese values and enable us 44. (learn) more about fine Chinese value. More 45. (importance), traditional festivals are a source of national pride and help shape our national identity. Traditional festivals are also .46. reminder of what it means to be Chinese.
    Many parties have important roles to play 47. promoting traditional Chinese festivals. Firstly ,the government should declare public holidays on some traditional festivals. Besides, the media can help spread more knowledge about these traditions, 48. (raise) people's interest in the origins and history of the festivals. Lastly, more activities 49. (hold) by schools can help draw students’ attention to our traditions.
    With the joint efforts of these different parties, people will pay more attention to traditional Chinese festivals, and be 50. (proud) of Chinese culture.
    6
    阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
    The public nowadays has a 51. (misunderstand)of forest fires, 52. (believe) that fires should be kept out of every type of forest. Many of us can recall Smoky the Bear’s famous warning: “Remember, only you can prevent forest fires”. 53. , that’s not always the case. Under the right conditions, and when conducted safely, fire can create many environmental benefits as well as help prevent larger, 54. (control) wildfires.
    After a forest fire, many wildlife species will move into 55. (recent) burned areas to feed on these newly available foods. Some reptiles and amphibians such as the pine (松树) snake prefer forests frequently 56. (burn) by fire.
    If you are asked to picture the forest floor, 57. do you see? Pine needles, cones, leaves, branches might come to mind—all sources of fuel. If these fuel sources build up 58. any type of removal, the ‘fuel load’ can lead to fires catastrophic to forests and people alike. In contrast, prescribed fire can be used by forest professionals every couple of years to keep forest fuels at an appropriate and manageable level. They can also minimize the spread of pest59. (insect) and disease and remove unwanted tree and plant species. Plus, they can create and maintain important wildlife habitats rich in grasses and promote 60. growth of trees, wildflowers and other various plants.
    7
    阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。)
    Paper-making is one of the four great ancient Chinese inventions. Paper can be 61. (use) by people in many ways. We 62. (usual) use paper to make newspapers, magazines and books. The famers 63. live in Finland even wear paper boots to keep 64. (they) feet warm in the snow. Paper is made from 65. (difference) materials. However, we have to 66. (understand) that paper mainly comes from trees. Some report online said it took about 17 trees to make 1 ton of paper. If we keep on 67. (waste) paper, the forests may 68. (appear) in the future. So we must save paper. We can use both 69. (side) of every piece of paper, use glasses instead 70. paper cup, etc. In a word, we should keep a balance between using paper and protecting trees.
    8
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    In 2020,Huang Xuhua71. (present)with China's top scientific honor, the State Preeminent Science and Technology Award as one of the chief designers for China’s first generation of nuclear submarines(潜水艇). Huang was also one of the eight leading figures72. received the Medal of the Republic in 2019 for their contributions73. the nation.
    After completing an engineering degree in shipbuilding from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1949, Huang joined China's first nuclear submarine project. During the hardest time, China was unable to get any foreign74. (assist) since it was under a technology blockade(技术封锁) from other countries.75. (face)with various difficulties,Huang and his team worked out millions of data with abacus and slipsticks(算盘和计算尺).76. (eventual), they managed to develop the first nuclear submarine in China, thus77. (make) China the fifth country owning nuclear submarines in the world.
    For78. (decade), his work remained a top secret. He maintained little contact with his parents. “Given the job I did, I had to make family ties less of a priority,” Huang recalled. He has worked on the development of nuclear submarine,79. (lead) his team to carry out research and development of a series of key models, and trained80. large number of outstanding scientific and technological talents.
    9
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Although tobacco use among Chinese middle school students has decreased in recent years, the number of electronic cigarette smokers 81. (double).
    Despite being called 82. “safer alternative” to smoking, e-cigarettes contain nicotine, which is highly addictive and leads to many health issues, cancer 83. (include).
    The newly revised Law on the Protection of Minors (未成年人), 84. will take effect on June 1st , 2021, includes 85. (policy) regarding electronic cigarettes for the first time. It forbids the sale of e-cigarettes to minors. Also, it bans 86. (set) up cigarette stores near schools and places where minors are present 87. large numbers.
    The new law 88. (expect) to be a powerful legal weapon protecting the youth and will 89. (fundamental) solve the problem of tobacco sales to minors. Compared with the previous version, the new law lists clearer punishment rules to certain violations. Stores selling cigarettes to the minors will be fined up to 5,000 yuan 90. even risk getting their business license canceled.
    10
    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    “Father of hybrid rice”, Yuan Longping died of illness at 13:07 p.m. in 91. hospital in Changsha of Hunan province.
    He 92. (cultivate) the world's first high-yielding hybrid rice strain in 1973, 93. was later grown on a large scale in China and other countries to substantially raise output. Yuan once said he had two dreams — to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men” and that hybrid rice could 94. (grow) all over the world 95. (help) solve the global food scarcity(短缺). Everyone knows that he is the Savior(救世主), 96. he said he is an old farmer who has grown rice all 97. life, and he would keep working unless he could no longer see or walk.
    On September 19, 2020, Yuan Longping sent his best wishes to the youth and shared his eight word 98. (success) experience: knowledge, sweat, and opportunity. “Knowledge is the foundation. Sweat is the practice,” he said. “Inspiration is a spark of thought. Everyone has a spark of thought so don't give it up.” He also said “Chance favors the 99. (prepare) mind!” in English.
    Our best way100. (mourn) is to cherish every grain in the bowl and every day without starvation.

    参考答案
    1
    1. where
    2. annoying
    3. on
    4. dealt
    5. to
    6. as
    7. have started
    8. resulting
    9. acceptable
    10. belongings
    【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了生活方式和个性的差异导致了室友间的冲突,室友冲突对学生的心理健康有害,导致抑郁。在极端情况下,室友间的冲突可能会导致严重的暴力行为。到目前为止,许多学校已经开始了冲突解决项目,以平息紧张局势,否则,紧张局势可能会像准备爆发的火山一样积聚起来,导致肢体暴力。
    1. 考查定语从句。句意:一个人喜欢安静,而另一个人则把音响调到整个房间都在颤抖的程度。此处为定语从句修饰先行词point,先行词在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where引导。故填where。
    2. 考查形容词。句意:大多数室友间的冲突都源于如此小而恼人的差异,而不是在抽象的哲学原则上的重大分歧。修饰后文名词differences应用形容词annoying,作定语。故填annoying。
    3. 考查介词。句意:大多数室友间的冲突都源于如此小而恼人的差异,而不是在抽象的哲学原则上的重大分歧。结合句意表示“在……上有分歧”可知短语为disagreement on。故填on。
    4. 考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,如果不小心处理,它们最终会把室友们分开。分析句子结构可知deal在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语they构成被动关系,故用过去分词作状语。故填dealt。
    5. 考查介词。句意:室友冲突对学生的心理健康有害,导致抑郁。结合句意表示“对……有害”可知短语为do harm to。故填to。
    6. 考查连词。句意:在极端情况下,室友间的冲突可能会导致严重的暴力行为,正如去年春天在哈佛大学发生的事情那样:一名学生在自杀前杀死了她的室友。引导方式状语从句,表示“正如”应用as。故填as。
    7. 考查动词时态。句意:到目前为止,许多学校已经开始了冲突解决项目,以平息紧张局势,否则,紧张局势可能会像准备爆发的火山一样积聚起来,导致肢体暴力。根据上文so far可知应用现在完成时,主语为many schools,助动词用have。故填have started。
    8. 考查非谓语动词。句意:到目前为止,许多学校已经开始了冲突解决项目,以平息紧张局势,否则,紧张局势可能会像准备爆发的火山一样积聚起来,导致肢体暴力。分析句子结构可知result在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语tensions构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填resulting。
    9. 考查形容词。句意:这些合同包括学习和睡眠的可接受时间,以及使用彼此财产的政策等条款。修饰后文名词hours应用形容词acceptable,作定语。故填acceptable。
    10. 考查名词。句意:这些合同包括学习和睡眠的可接受时间,以及使用彼此财产的政策等条款。空处作宾语,表示“财产”应用复数名词belongings。故填belongings。
    2
    11. frequently
    12. is constructed
    13. basic
    14. is
    15. Created
    16. which/that
    17. variety
    18. an
    19. and
    20. rising
    【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一家以冰雕为主题的特色旅馆。
    11. 考查副词。句意:所有的酒店都会定期重新装修。然而,很少有像瑞典的一家冰上酒店做的那样经频繁地。修饰动词do作状语,需使用副词形式。故填frequently。
    12. 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:顾名思义,酒店完全是由冰建造的,因此必须每年重建。主语hotel和动词construct之间为被动关系,结合本句中的时态一般现在时,可知此空要使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is constructed。
    13. 考查形容词。句意:为了让每个人都能负担得起,他们的范围设定从昂贵的豪华套房,到基本的住宿都有。设空后为名词accommodations故用形容词作定语。故填basic。
    14. 考查倒装。句意:今年独特的套房产品之一就是“大象在房中”。地点状语Among this year's unique suite offerings位于句首,使用完全倒装,主语为后边的the “Elephant in the Room”是单数,故填is。
    15. 考查非谓语动词。句意:由瑞典艺术家创造,它的特点是有一个俯瞰着冰床的三米高的雕刻的非洲大象。本句已有一个谓语动词features 且没有连接词,需使用非谓语动词,create和主语it之间为被动关系,要使用过去分词形式,且位于句首要注意大写。故填Created。
    16. 考查定语从句。句意:“数羊套房”的特点是那些冰雕的羊可以帮助那些失眠的人度过一个愉快的夜晚。先行词sheep 指物,在从句中作主语,故填which或that。
    17. 考查名词。句意:为了让客户更好的娱乐,酒店提供了各种有趣的活动。设空前有不定冠词a 可知此处要填名词,a variety of 各种各样的,故填variety。
    18. 考查冠词。句意:尽管这似乎有些不舒服,但游客们说这是一种与众不同的体验。设空后为名词experience可数表经历泛指,且experience以元音音素开头,故填an。
    19. 考查连词。句意:遗憾的是,这家酒店只在12月到2月之间营业。短语between….and…在……之间。故填and。
    20. 考查非谓语动词。句意:随着温度的升高。在那之后,冰上的酒店最后将在4月中旬化成一个大游泳池。with +宾语+宾补的复合结构,temperature和rise之间为主动,需用现在分词形式,故填rising。
    3
    21. that
    22. simply
    23. unable
    24. one
    25. the
    26. architecture
    27. saying
    28. told
    29. Yet/But
    30. down
    【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了随着年龄的增长人们会抗拒改变,因为他们看不到进步的好处。文章以建筑为例说明了每一代人对一个新发展的观点态度总是不同。
    21. 考查同位语从句的引导词。句意:他们抱怨过去的情况更好,或者一些新的发展不好,这些都可以被认为是人们不可避免的想法,他们只是不喜欢改变,因此看不到进步的好处。 根据or可知此处要用引导词that,连接并列的同位语从句,作complaints的同位语。故填that。
    22. 考查副词。句意:他们抱怨过去的情况更好,或者一些新的发展不好,这些都可以被认为是人们不可避免的想法,他们只是不喜欢改变,因此看不到进步的好处。 此处要用副词修饰谓语动词don't like。故填simply。
    23. 考查形容词。句意:他们抱怨过去的情况更好,或者一些新的发展不好,这些都可以被认为是人们不可避免的想法,他们只是不喜欢改变,因此看不到进步的好处。 根据系动词are 可知此处要用形容词,作表语。故填unable。
    24. 考查代词。句意:这意味着每一个新的发展都必须是好的,但逻辑上肯定不是这样的。根据a good可知此处要用代词one,指的上文every new development同类中任意一个。故填one。
    25. 考查冠词。句意:这意味着每一个新的发展都必须是好的,但逻辑上肯定不是这样的。根据名词case可知此处要用定冠词the,表示特指。故填the。
    26. 考查名词。句意:以建筑为例。根据动词Take可知此处要用名词,作宾语。故填architecture。
    27. 考查非谓语动词。句意:在20世纪五六十年代,许多英国老年人对城市中突然涌现的新型混凝土住宅街区持高度批评态度,称它们是丑陋和令人压抑的居住场所。根据句中已有谓语动词were highly critical of且空前无连接词,可知此处要用非谓语动词;由逻辑主语many older British people与say之间是主动关系,可知此处要用现在分词。故填saying。
    28. 考查过去分词。句意:他们被告知,这些建筑只是过时了,他们无法欣赏这些新建筑的优点,因为它们已经取代了他们熟悉的街道上的小房子。分析句子可知,此处是谓语动词,根据主语They与tell之间是被动关系,可知此处要用被动语态,已有were ,可知此处要用动词的过去分词。故填told。
    29. 考查连词。句意:然而,几十年后,这些同样的街区被拆除了,因为新一代人认为它们既丑陋又对社会有害。根据these very same blocks were being pulled 10 可知与上文内容形成对比转折,此处要用表示转折的连词yet或是but。故填Yet/But。
    30. 考查副词。句意:然而,几十年后,这些同样的街区被拆除了,因为新一代人认为它们既丑陋又对社会有害。动词短语pull down“摧毁,拆除”,是固定搭配。故填down。
    4
    31. which
    32. to encourage
    33. optional
    34. released
    35. are expected
    36. had been established
    37. a
    38. moves
    39. their
    40. However
    【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了浙江省计划推出一个试点信用体系来鼓励家长更多地参与到孩子的教育中来。
    31. 考查定语从句。句意:浙江省计划为家长推出一个试点信用体系,这将使他们优先参加教育部门组织的活动。分析句子可知,空格处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a pilot credit system,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语,应使用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。
    32. 考查非谓语动词。句意:该项目的目的是鼓励家长更多地参与到孩子的教育和全面成长中来,不过选择这一课程是非强制性的。分析句子可知,动词encourage(鼓励)是非谓语动词,在句中作表语,又因“(encourage)parents to be more involved in their children's education and overall growth ”是要去做的事情,表目的,所以应使用动词不定式形式。故填to encourage。
    33. 考查形容词。句意:该项目的目的是鼓励家长更多地参与到孩子的教育和全面成长中来,不过选择这一课程是非强制性的。分析句子可知,option在句中作表语,用形容词形式optional,意为“可选择的,非必须的”。故填optional。
    34. 考查非谓语动词。句意:自去年浙江数字家长学校在省教育厅发布的教育应用“知江汇”上开设以来,已经向全省参加数字家长学校的家长发放了22万张电子证书。分析句子可知,release(发布)是非谓语动词,作后置定语修饰名词an education app,与其逻辑主语an education app之间为被动关系,且“发布”这一动作已经完成,所以应用过去分词,表示被动和完成。故填released。
    35. 考查动词语态和主谓语一致。句意:该省教育部门的一份蓝图显示,到2025年,该省约70%的中小学将建设数字家长学校。分析句子可知,expect(期望,预期)是句中谓语动词,与主语“70 percent of primary and middle schools”之间 是被动关系;根据语境可知,陈述现在情况,应使用一般现在时态;又因主语是“百分数+ of +名词”结构,该结构作主语时,如果其后名词是不可数名词或可数名词单数,视为单数,如果其中名词是可数名词复数,视为复数,所以“70 percent of primary and middle schools”作主语,应视为复数,谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上,谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态,复数数形式。故填are expected。
    36. 考查动词时态和语态。句意:截至去年年底,全省中小学已建立920所网上家长教育学校,占全省中小学总数的15%。分析句子可知,establish(建立)是句中谓语动词,与主语920 online parenting education schools之间是被动关系,句中有时间状语By the end of last year(截至去年年底),应使用过去完成时态。综上,谓语应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been established。
    37. 考查冠词。句意:35岁的宋凌淑是杭州市拱墅区的一名平面设计师,也是一个10岁男孩的母亲。她对这些举措评价很高。35-year-old graphic designer和mother都是可数名词,句中表示“一位平面设计师兼母亲”,泛指,前面应使用不定冠词,又因空格后35-year-old音标中的第一个单节是辅音音素/θ/ ,所以应使用不定冠词a。故填a。
    38. 考查名词。句意:35岁的宋凌淑是杭州市拱墅区的一名平面设计师,也是一个10岁男孩的母亲。她对这些举措评价很高。根据上文可知,浙江省的“a pilot credit system for parents”是一个体系,包含许多具体的措施,move(行动,举措)是可数名词,应用复数形式。故填moves。
    39. 考查代词。句意:她说:“这样的培训旨在提高家长的育儿技能和知识。”。根据句意可知,是提高“他们的育儿技能和知识”,应使用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
    40. 考查副词。句意:然而,她表示,这种信用体系不应该被视为家长的一刀切的解决方案,幼儿园和学校应该与家长一起发挥自己的作用,改善孩子的教育。上文说这一信用体系的好处,下文说这一体系不应该被视为一刀切的解决方案,学校仍然需要发挥作用,上下文用转折关系,因些使用表转折的连接副词however。故填However。
    5
    41. been changed
    42. creation
    43. have
    44. to learn
    45. importantly
    46. a
    47. in
    48. raising
    49. held
    50. prouder
    【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍的话题是要多关注、推广中国传统节日,以及原因和措施。
    41. 考查时态语态。句意:尽管随着社会的发展,节日发生了许多变化,但传统节日在生活中的重要性从来没有改变。此句中“change”改变,和主语“the importance”构成被动关系,即节日的重要性没有被人改变。故用现在完成时的被动语态。故填been changed。
    42. 考查名词。句意:5000多年的历史见证了许多中国传统节日的发明——春节、中秋节、端午节,许多节日在中国有很长的历史。根据句子结构可知空格处应该填名词充当witness的宾语,表抽象意义,不可数,故填creation。
    43. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,此处为非限定性定语从句的谓语,which指代先行词Chinese traditional festivals,为复数,且有很长历史是现实存在,故用一般现在时。故填have。
    44. 考查非谓语动词。句意:推广中国传统节日很重要,因为传统节日能教育我们中国人的价值观,能让我们学习更多关于中国人的价值观。enable sb to do使某人能够做某事。故填to learn。
    45. 考查副词。句意:更重要的是,传统节日是民族自豪感的来源,能帮助我们塑造我们的国家同一性。修饰整个句子用副词作状语。故填importantly。
    46. 考查冠词。句意:传统节日也提醒着我们中国人意味着什么。“reminder”为发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词,此处泛指“一个”。故填a。
    47. 考查介词。句意:就推广中国传统节日,多方都要扮演重要角色。根据短语“play a role in doing sth”意为“在…起作用、扮演角色”。故填in。
    48. 考查非谓语动词。句意:除此之外,媒体可能帮助传播更多关于这些传统的知识,唤起人们对这些节日的起源和历史的兴趣。分析句意可知,此处表示自然而然的结果,用现在分词作结果状语,故填raising。
    49. 考查非谓语动词。句意:最后,学校举办更多的活动能将学生的注意力集中到传统上来。“activities”活动和hold构成被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。故填held。
    50. 考查形容词比较级。句意:在多方共同努力下,人们将更多的关注中国传统节日,也会对中国文化更加自豪。并列连词“and”前后语义应该一致,与前面的pay more attention 一致,也用比较级。故填prouder。
    6
    51. misunderstanding
    52. believeing
    53. However
    54. uncontrollable
    55. recently
    56. burned
    57. what
    58. without
    59. insects
    60. the
    【解析】本文是议论文,森林火灾并不一定全是坏处,森林火灾也可以创造和维持重要的野生动物栖息地,丰富的草,促进树木、野花和其他各种植物的生长。

    51. 考查名词。句意:现在公众对森林火灾有一种误解,认为火灾应该远离任何类型的森林。根据前文的a,可知此处填名词,has a misunderstanding of sth表示“对...有误解”,符合句意,故填misunderstanding。
    52. 考查现在分词。句意:现在公众对森林火灾有一种误解,认为火灾应该远离任何类型的森林。分析句子结构,本句主语是the public,谓语动词是has,后半句无连词,所以believe是非谓语动词,believe与逻辑主语the public之间是主动关系,应用现在分词表示主动,故填believing。
    53. 考查副词。句意:然而,情况并非总是如此。根据后文的not always the case,可知此处与前文是转折关系,空前有逗号,此处应用however表示转折,故填however。
    54. 考查形容词。句意:在适当的条件下,如果安全进行,火灾可以创造许多环境效益,并有助于防止更大的、无法控制的野火。根据前文的larger,可知此处表示“不可控制的火灾”,uncontrollable表示“不可控制的”,符合句意,故填uncontrollable。
    55. 考查副词。句意:森林火灾后,许多野生动物会迁移到最近被烧毁的地区,以这些新得到的食物为食。此处应用副词,修饰形容词burned,表示“最近”,故填recently。
    56. 考查过去分词。句意:一些爬行动物和两栖动物,如松蛇,喜欢经常被火烧毁的森林。此处用过去分词作后置定语,修饰名词forest,表示被烧毁的森林,故填burned。
    57. 考查特殊疑问词。句意:如果让你描绘森林的地面,你看到了什么? 此处表示你看到了什么,缺少疑问词,what表示什么,符合句意,故填What。
    58. 考查介词。句意:如果这些燃料资源在不采取任何清除措施的情况下积累起来,那么“燃料负荷”就会导致火灾,对森林和人类都是灾难性的。后文说燃料负荷,可知此处是燃料没有得到清除,表示“没有”应用介词without,故填without。
    59. 考查名词复数。句意:它们还可以最大限度地减少害虫和疾病的传播,并清除不受欢迎的树木和植物物种。此处表示泛指,名词insect前面无冠词修饰,所以应用复数形式,故填insects。
    60. 考查冠词。句意:此外,它们可以创造和维持重要的野生动物栖息地,丰富的草,促进树木、野花和其他各种植物的生长。根据搭配the...of,表示“...的”,此处表示树木的生长,应用冠词the,故填the。

    7
    61. used
    62. usually
    63. who/that
    64. their
    65. different
    66. understand
    67. wasting
    68. disappear
    69. sides
    70. of
    【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纸的用途以及节约纸张的重要性。
    61. 考查语态。句意:纸可以被人们用在许多方面。主语Paper与use之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。根据句中be可知,用动词的过去分词。故填used。
    62. 考查副词。句意:我们通常用纸来制作报纸、杂志和书。修饰动词use,用副词形式。故填usually。
    63. 考查定语从句。句意:芬兰的农民甚至穿着纸靴子在雪地里给脚保暖。句中先行词为The famers,在定语从句中作主语,指人,所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
    64. 考查代词。句意:芬兰的农民甚至穿着纸靴子在雪地里给脚保暖。名词feet前用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
    65. 考查形容词。句意:纸是由不同的材料制成的。名词materials前用形容词形式。故填different。
    66. 考查动词。句意:然而,我们必须明白,纸主要来自树木。have to do sth.必须做某事,空处需用动词原形。故填understand。
    67. 考查非谓语动词。句意:如果我们继续浪费纸张,森林可能会在未来消失。keep on doing sth.继续做某事。故填wasting。
    68. 考查动词。句意:如果我们继续浪费纸张,森林可能会在未来消失。情态动词may 后接动词原形,根据句意可知,用动词disappear,表示“消失”。故填disappear。
    69. 考查名词的数。句意:我们可以使用每张纸的两面,用玻璃杯代替纸杯,等等。side为可数名词,根据both可知,用其复数形式。故填sides。
    70. 考查介词。句意:我们可以使用每张纸的两面,用玻璃杯代替纸杯,等等。instead of代替,固定搭配。故填of。
    8
    71. was presented
    72. who
    73. to
    74. assistance
    75. Faced
    76. Eventually
    77. making
    78. decades
    79. led
    80. a
    【解析】这是一篇记叙文,讲述我国核潜艇研究专家黄旭华的经历。
    71. 考查动词被动语态。句意:作为我国第一代核潜艇的主要设计师,黄旭华被颁发了中国科学最高荣誉:国家最高科学技术奖。分析句子结构,空格处的动词“颁发”present在句中充当谓语动词,且与主语Huang Xuhua构成被动关系,故present用被动形式,由时间状语可知2020年已过去,故用一般过去时的被动形式。故填was presented。
    72. 考查连词。句意:2019年,因为他们对我国做出的贡献,有八名领袖人物获得了共和国勋章,黄老也是其中之一。分析句子结构可知先行词“领袖人物”leading figures后接的是后置定语从句,即“获得共和国勋章的八名领袖人物”。定语从句缺主语,因为先行词是人,故填who。
    73. 考查连词。句意:2019年,因为他们对我国做出的贡献,有八名领袖人物获得了共和国勋章,黄老也是其中之一。根据句意“对……的贡献”用短语“contribution to sth”,句中缺介词to,故填to。
    74. 考查名词。句意: 遭受外国技术封锁的艰难时刻,中国无法获得任何外国援助。根据句意可知“外国援助”在句中做动词“获得”get的宾语,故需要用名词形式,即形容词“外国的”foreign后的“援助”使用名词形式assistance,为不可数名词,故填assistance。
    75. 考查非谓语动词。句意:面对各种困难,黄老和他的团队用算盘和计算尺计算出的无数的数据。be faced with sth为固定短语,意为“面对”,此处需用过去分词短语作状语,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Faced。
    76. 考查副词。句意:最终,他们成功发明了中国第一台核潜艇,使得中国成为世界上第五个拥有核潜艇的国家。根据句意可知空格处的“最终”与主句用逗号隔开了,用于修饰整个句子,即“发明核潜艇这件事最终实现”。形容词无法修饰整个句子,而副词可以。故填Eventually。
    77. 考查非谓语动词。句意:最终,他们成功发明了中国第一台核潜艇,使得中国成为世界上第五个拥有核潜艇的国家。根据句意可之,“中国发明第一台核潜艇”直接导致了“中国成为第五个拥有核潜艇的国家”,即前者自然而然导致了后者这样一个结果。现在分词可用于表示自然而然的结果。故填making。
    78. 考查名词。句意:几十年里,他的工作都是高度机密。“十年”decade为可数名词,前面没有表示单数的量词和冠词,故需要用复数。故填decades。
    79. 考查谓语时态。句意:他从事核潜艇发明,带领他的团队完成一系列关键模型的研究和发明,还培训了许多杰出的科学技术人才。分析句子结构,可以看出本句主语为“他”he,包含三个并列的谓语动词,即“从事”has worked;“带领”lead;“培训”trained。三个谓语动词应该统一时态:现在完成时,共享助动词has,统一使用过去分词。lead 的过去分词为led。故填led。
    80. 考查冠词。句意:他从事核潜艇发明,带领他的团队完成一系列关键模型的研究和发明,还培训了许多杰出的科学技术人才。根据句意可知杰出人才“outstanding…talents”前的量词为“大量”a large number of,故填a。
    9
    81. has doubled
    82. a
    83. included
    84. which
    85. policies
    86. setting
    87. in
    88. is expected
    89. fundamentally
    90. and
    【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。尽管近年来中国中学生的烟草使用有所减少,但抽电子烟的人数却翻了一番。尽管电子烟被称为吸烟的“更安全的替代品”,但电子烟含有尼古丁,非常容易上瘾,并会导致许多健康问题,包括癌症。新修订的《未成年人保护法》将于2021年6月1日生效,首次将电子烟政策纳入其中。
    81. 考查动词时态。句意:尽管近年来中国中学生的烟草使用有所减少,但抽电子烟的人数却翻了一番。根据上文in recent years可知应用现在完成时,主语为the number of electronic cigarette smokers,助动词用has。故填has doubled。
    82. 考查冠词。句意:尽管电子烟被称为吸烟的“更安全的替代品”,但电子烟含有尼古丁,非常容易上瘾,并会导致许多健康问题,包括癌症。alternative为可数名词,此处表泛指应用不定冠词,且safer是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故填a。
    83. 考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管电子烟被称为吸烟的“更安全的替代品”,但电子烟含有尼古丁,非常容易上瘾,并会导致许多健康问题,包括癌症。分析句子结构可知include在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语cancer构成被动关系,故用过去分词。故填included。
    84. 考查定语从句。句意:新修订的《未成年人保护法》将于2021年6月1日生效,首次将电子烟政策纳入其中。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The newly revised Law on the Protection of Minors,先行词在从句中作主语,指物,故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
    85. 考查名词的数。句意:新修订的《未成年人保护法》将于2021年6月1日生效,首次将电子烟政策纳入其中。policy为可数名词,前文没有冠词,表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填policies。
    86. 考查非谓语动词。句意:此外,它还禁止在学校附近和未成年人较多的地方设立香烟商店。结合句意表示“禁止做某事”可知短语为ban doing sth.。故填setting。
    87. 考查介词。句意:此外,它还禁止在学校附近和未成年人较多的地方设立香烟商店。结合句意表示“大量地”可知短语为in large numbers。故填in。
    88. 考查固定短语和时态。句意:新法律有望成为保护青少年的有力法律武器,并从根本上解决向未成年人出售烟草的问题。结合句意表示“有望……”可知短语为be expected to do sth.,陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为law,谓语用单数。故填is expected。
    89. 考查副词。句意:新法律有望成为保护青少年的有力法律武器,并从根本上解决向未成年人出售烟草的问题。修饰动词solve应用副词fundamentally,作状语。故填fundamentally。
    90. 考查连词。句意:向未成年人出售香烟的商店将被处以最高5000元的罚款,甚至可能被吊销营业执照。结合语境,“处以罚款”与“被吊销营业执照”为并列关系,应用连词and。故填and。
    10
    91. a
    92. cultivated
    93. which
    94. be grown
    95. to help
    96. but
    97. his
    98. successful
    99. prepared
    100. to mourn
    【解析】这是一篇说明文。“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平于下午13:07在湖南省长沙市一家医院病逝。文章主要介绍了袁隆平的个人成就和给青年们的成功经验。
    91. 考查冠词。句意:“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平于下午13:07在湖南省长沙市一家医院病逝。hospital为可数名词,此处表泛指应用不定冠词,且hospital是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故填a。
    92. 考查动词时态。句意:1973年,他培育出了世界上第一个高产杂交水稻品种,后来在中国和其他国家大规模种植,大幅提高了产量。根据后文in 1973可知应用一般过去时。故填cultivated。
    93. 考查定语从句。句意:1973年,他培育出了世界上第一个高产杂交水稻品种,后来在中国和其他国家大规模种植,大幅提高了产量。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the world's first high-yielding hybrid rice strain,先行词在从句中作主语,指物故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
    94. 考查语态。句意:袁隆平曾说,他有两个梦想——“在比人高的水稻下享受清凉”,以及杂交水稻可以在世界各地种植,以帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。此处主语hybrid rice与grow构成被动关系,且could后跟动词原形。故填be grown。
    95. 考查非谓语动词。句意:袁隆平曾说,他有两个梦想——“在比人高的水稻下享受清凉”,以及杂交水稻可以在世界各地种植,以帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。分析句子结构可知help在句中应用非谓语动词形式,此处作目的状语,应用不定式。故填to help。
    96. 考查连词。句意:每个人认为他是救世主,但他说他是一个老农民,他一生都在种植水稻,他将继续工作,除非他再也不能看或走。上文提到每个人认为他是救世主,他则说自己是老农民,前后为转折而关系,应用连词but。故填but。
    97. 考查代词。句意:每个人认为他是救世主,但他说他是一个老农民,他一生都在种植水稻,他将继续工作,除非他再也不能看或走。此处指袁隆平的一生,应用形容词性物主代词his,修饰名词life。故填his。
    98. 考查形容词。句意:2020年9月19日,袁隆平向青年们送上了祝福,并分享了他的八字成功经验:知识、汗水以及机遇。修饰后文名词experience应用形容词successful,作定语。故填successful。
    99. 考查形容词。句意:他还用英语说:“机会总是眷顾有准备的人!”修饰名词mind应用形容词prepared,作定语,表示“有准备的”。故填prepared。
    100. 考查非谓语动词。句意:我们哀悼的最好方式是珍惜碗里的每一粒粮食,不挨饿的每一天。修饰名词way应用不定式作后置定语,短语best way to do sth.表示“做某事最好方式”。故填to mourn。




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