2018-2022年北京中考英语5年真题1年模拟汇编 专题03 阅读理解（学生卷+教师卷）

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5年（2018-2022）中考1年模拟英语真题分项汇编（北京专用）
专题03 阅读理解

（2022年北京市中考英语真题）
A
WHO IS YOUR ROLE MODEL? WHY?
My role model is my neighbor Ms. Li. She is in her eighties now but she is still young at heart. I often see her riding her bike in the park and she also spends time doing volunteer work. She helps me understand that people won’t be old if they still have a great love for life.Adam
I miss Mrs. White most after primary school. She was our math teacher and always patient with us. She helped us to work out the answers ourselves, no matter how difficult the questions were. So Mrs. White is my role model, and I want to be a teacher like her in the future.Betty
Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor. In 1938, Dr. Bethune came to China and helped treat the wounded. He often worked very hard without resting. Once, he managed to save over one hundred lives in sixty-nine hours. He is still remembered in both China and Canada today. So he is my role model.Peter
Yuan Longping is my role model. He is one of the greatest agricultural (农业的) scientists of our time. He worked hard to grow better rice to solve the problems of food shortage. It is sad that Mr. Yuan has left us, but his dreams are carried by many plant and agricultural researches.Emma
21．Who is Emma’s role model?
A．Ms. Li. B．Mrs. White.
C．Norman Bethune. D．Yuan Longping.
22．What does Betty want to be in the future?
A．A teacher. B．A scientist. C．A doctor. D． A volunteer.
23．What do we know about Ms. Li?
A．She worked in a hospital.
B．She solved the food problems.
C．She is old in age but young at heart.
D．She is very patient with her students.
【答案】21．D 22．A 23．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，分别是四位介绍自己的榜样是谁，以及原因。
21．细节理解题。根据第四栏中“Yuan Longping is my role model.”可知，袁隆平是艾玛的榜样，故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据第二栏中“and I want to be a teacher like her in the future”可知，贝蒂以后想成为一名老师，故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据第一栏中“My role model is my neighbor Ms. Li. She is in her eighties now but she is still young at heart.”可知，李奶奶已经八十多岁了，但内心仍很年轻。故选C。
（2022年北京市中考英语真题）
B

I joined a band （乐队）as a drummer in my middle school. I thought it would be fun playing the drum and meeting new friends. At first it was easy, but a month later, it got difficult. I was the only one who couldn’t keep pace （节奏）with the other players.
Our teacher, Angie, singled me out to keep practicing while everyone else got to relax. I felt ashamed （羞愧的）as my teammates watched me fail so many times. Finally I got so tired of practicing that I didn’t care about doing it right.
“Are you giving up on me. Steve?” Angie asked.
“Yes, I am,” I shouted. Angie sent me inside the music room where I cried out. Then she came in and said. “Don’t be sad. I believe you can make it!” She told me never to give up. She left me alone and I realized Angie was right—by giving up, I was also giving up on the team and myself.
With her comfort, I decided to go on practicing. However, I still couldn’t play well. Knowing my difficulties, my teammates gave me a hand. They spent about three more hours practicing with me every week. Thanks to their support and help, I began to keep pace with them. Later, we performed wonderfully in an important show.
In the whole process, I was taught that although we each had our own job to do in a show, it would take all of us working together to make the show great. I felt accepted and made great progress. I love everyone in the band. I can’t imagine what my school life would be like without them.
24．One month after he joined the band, Steve felt playing the drum was _________.
A．funny B．helpful C．noisy D．difficult
25．With Angie’s comfort, Steve decided to _________.
A．have a good rest B．go on practicing
C．give others a hand D．start another band
26．From his experience, Steve learned about ________.
A．the value of teamwork B．the effect of shows
C．the importance of hobbies D．the power of music
【答案】24．D 25．B 26．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲作者在学习敲鼓的过程中遇到困难，差点放弃，在老师和团队成员的鼓励下他坚持下来了。
24．细节理解题。根据“but a month later, it got difficult.”可知一个月后Steve觉得敲鼓是困难的。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据“With her comfort, I decided to go on practicing.”可知在老师的鼓励下，他决定继续练习。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据“I was taught that although we each had our own job to do in a show, it would take all of us working together to make the show great.”可知Steve学会了团队合作的价值。故选A。
（2022年北京市中考英语真题）
C
What does it mean to be green? Green is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. Deciding whether a product is green, however, isn’t always easy. We need to consider the whole life cycle of the product even after it’s of no use. Here is what we may keep in mind.

The materials of a product are usually our first focus (关注). What is it made of? Are there any harmful chemicals in it? Green products are made of more natural materials which are free from harmful chemicals, so they can be good for our physical health.
Packaging is important. How is a product packaged? Is it over packaged? We’d better choose glass, metal and paper packaging, as these can be reused or more easily recycled (回收利用). We can also look for less packaging or even choose unbagged products whenever possible.
Location (地点) matters. Where was a product produced? Where are we buying it? Think about how much energy was used to get it to us try to choose local products. When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmer, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. Buying from stores near our houses is also a good choice, because we can go there without driving a car.
Look into what the company tells us about their product. It’s easy to say that a product is “green” or “all natural” but the words may be too good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.
The greenest thing is certainly the one we don’t buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Better than buying is choosing to leave an unnecessary product in the store and doing without. It sends a message to the producer, keeps money in our pockets, reduces (减少) waste and keeps the planet healthy.
27．The writer would suggest choosing a product that is ________.
A．over packaged B．delivered from abroad
C．locally produced D．made of unnatural materials
28．The words “be taken with a grain of in salt” Paragraph 5 probably mean “________”.
A．be easily understood B．not be completely believed
C．be widely spread D．not be quickly forgotten
29．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Buying Green B．Recycling Waste
C．Keeping Healthy D．Reducing Energy Use
【答案】27．C28．B29．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过解释“Green”这个词，呼吁大家保护环境。
27．推理判断题。根据“Think about how much energy was used to get it to us try to choose local products. When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order directly from local farmer, ...”可知，作者建议选择当地生产的产品，故选C。
28．词句猜测题。分析“So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible.”可知，公司试图让我们相信他们的产品对环境负责，但是我们应该秉持一个怀疑的态度，此处“be taken with a grain of salt”的意思是“不被完全相信”，故选B。
29．最佳标题题，本文作者通过解释“Green”这个词，呼吁大家保护环境。选项A“Buying Green”符合主题，故选A。
（2022年北京市中考英语真题）
D
A Pathway (路径) to Meaning in Life
When it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?
Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): having long-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s life fits together and “makes sense”.
But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life’s beauty.
We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness.
In the first study, we had people rate (评估) their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life’s beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful.
In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty of life” and “I appreciate little things in life,” as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable.
In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments.
All the results proved our theory (假设) true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us.
30．You were most probably in the EA condition when _________.
A．you made a travel plan for the coming holiday
B．you hurried to serve the customers in the store
C．you practiced hard to become the best violinist
D．you stopped to admire the roses by the roadside
31．What can we learn from the studies mentioned in the passage?
A．Thinking back to the past weakens our sense of meaning.
B．Enjoying small things can influence our attitude toward life.
C．Proper stress management is the key to living a satisfying life.
D．Good judgment on beauty improves connections among people.
32．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A．It is easier for results-driven people to achieve success.
B．We often turn a blind eye to the present moment.
C．A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals.
D．Future life will bring us many more surprises.
33．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A．To explain how to discover beauty in life.
B．To discuss what the true meaning of life is.
C．To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life.
D．To compare different factors for meaningfulness.
【答案】30．D 31．B 32．D 33．B
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论是什么让生活变得有意义。
30．推理判断题。根据“When people are open to appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA).”可知，当人们乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法，我们称之为体验欣赏。选项D“你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰”符合，故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据“Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life.”可知，生活让我们体验到美丽的小瞬间，当人们乐于欣赏这样的经历时，这些时刻可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法。故选B。
32．段落大意题。根据“We should slow down and let life surprise us.”可知，我们应该慢下来，让生活给我们惊喜。所以最后一段告诉我们未来的生活将给我们带来更多的惊喜，故选D。
33．主旨大意题。本文主要讨论是什么让生活变得有意义，故选B。
2021年北京中考真题
三、阅读单选
A
Young Heroes for the Planet
Nowadays, people around the world are working to help our planet. Check out how the four young adults made a difference.

Saving Pandas
When Jack was 11, he started a group to teach kids about pandas. He also sold toy pandas to raise money to protect pandas in danger. “I hope to encourage more people to care about pandas,” Jack says.

Growing Right
Kathy, 14, set up an organization to educate people about growing right plant in right places. She also wrote a book to help people learn what plants are native to (本土的)their area.

Creating Energy
At the age of 12, Linda invented a machine called SuperE. It collects heat from fields to make electricity(电), Linda says her invention creates electricity in a way that is less harmful to the environment.

Cleaning Up
Patrick, 13, joined the Ocean Heroes Camp last year. He started a project and picked up plastic waste around nearby lakes with his friends. The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution.
21．Who started a group to teach kids about pandas?
A．Jack. B．Kathy. C．Linda. D．Patrick.
22．How old was Linda when she invented SuperE?
A．11. B．12. C．13. D．14.
23．What was the goal of Patrick’s project?
A．To fight plastic pollution. B．To protect pandas in danger
C．To learn about native plants. D．To use heat to make electricity.
【答案】
21．A 22．B 23．A
【分析】现在世界上的人们都在努力保护我们的星球，本文介绍了四位正在改变世界的人。
21．细节理解题。根据“When Jack was 11, he started a group to teach kids about pandas.”可知，Jack创办了一个组织去教孩子们关于熊猫的知识。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“At the age of 12, Linda invented a machine called SuperE.”可知，Linda发明SuperE的时候12岁。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution.”可知，Patrick项目目标是对抗塑料垃圾。故选A。
B
When I was in the eighth grade, my class was assigned(指派) to be friends with the second-grade kids. I got this little girl named Shelley. The first time I saw her, she was silent and cold. She was small for her age, and she didn’t play with the other kids in her class.
I tried all kinds of things to get her to talk to me. I bought her toys, crayons and candies. But try as I might, nothing worked. One time, I gave her a coloring book and said, “Shelley, now you can color at any time.”
Shelley looked at the coloring book and then looked up at me, and finally looked away. By that, I didn’t know how I was going to get through to the little girl, but I knew I wouldn’t give up on her.
One Friday, I decided to tell her a story about my childhood. I told her that I felt lonely when I was with my classmates, and how I thought only my teachers liked me. I also told her that every day was a battle(战役) for me and I fought back tears so people wouldn’t know how much I was hurting.
She sat there just listening, trying to decide whether I was lying or not. Finally, when my story ended, there were tears in her eyes. And then she did the unthinkable. She said, “Thank you.” From then on, Shelley was a different little girl. She started smiling and talking with other kids.
Looking back at this, I’m in awe(惊叹), because all I did was to help her realize that she wasn’t alone. I didn’t ask her to tell her story, because her story is my story.
24．What was Shelley like when the writer first saw her?
A．Cold. B．Lazy. C．Noisy. D．Slow.
25．In order to get through to Shelley, the writer ________.
A．wrote her a book B．made her a toy C．drew her a picture D．told her a story
26．Shelley changed a lot because she realized that ________.
A．her teachers loved her B．her classmates were kind
C．the writer understood her D．she had to study even harder
【答案】
24．A 25．D 26．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者帮助一个不爱讲话的女孩Shelley变得更加开朗的故事，作者惊叹于Shelley的改变，因为作者认为自己所做的就是让Shelley知道自己并不孤单。
24．细节理解题。根据“The first time I saw her, she was silent and cold.”可知，作者第一次见到Shelley时，她沉默而冷漠。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据“By that, I didn’t know how I was going to get through to the little girl, but I knew I wouldn’t give up on her.”和“One Friday, I decided to tell her a story about my childhood.”可知，为了接近Shelley，作者给她讲了一个故事。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据“Finally, when my story ended, there were tears in her eyes.”，“From then on, Shelley was a different little girl. She started smiling and talking with other kids.”和“I didn’t ask her to tell her story, because her story is my story.”可知，Shelley改变了很多是因为她意识到作者理解她。故选C。
C

School Gardens Could Help Children Try More Vegetables
It’s not always enjoyable for children to eat vegetables. But what if a garden is built in the school? New research suggests that a gardening program in schools can increase children’s vegetable intake(摄入量) .
How the Study Was Carried Out
The study was carried out in eight schools. Each school was in the gardening program for one school year. Every child in grades 3-5 received a total of eighteen 60-minute lessons across the school year. In the program, each school built a garden, where children learned to grow their own fresh produce, like fruit and vegetables.
The Benefits Children Could Get
The study found that vegetable intake if the children who grew their own produce increased greatly across the year. Related studies show that increased vegetable intake can improve health and cut the risk of chronic diseases(慢性疾病). Not only are there benefits to health, increasing the variety of vegetables children are exposed(接触)to may also make mealtimes much easier.” Children who are often exposed to a variety of vegetables are more likely to try new foods,” explains Dr. Kerry Jones. For children, growing their own food is a powerful tool to increase their intake of the food.
28
Any opportunity to expose children to more vegetables is meaningful. “If children are learning about vegetables at school, it’s important to encourage this interest,” says Jones. Parents can listen to their children about what they have learned and read the handouts they bring home from school. Parents and children can also read books together. Younger children can enjoy reading stories about vegetables with parents who offer useful messages. Older children may enjoy searching through cookbooks with parents to find new dinner ideas to cook vegetables in a tasty way. Besides, a small planter box in a sunny part at home can encourage children to understand more about where their food comes from.
Teaching children to grow their own produce is a great way to increase their preference for the produce. If children are taught to enjoy vegetables early in life, they will probably continue eating vegetables in the long term.
27．What did children do in the gardening program?
A．They did research on new plants. B．They grew fresh produce at school.
C．They took home green vegetables D．They built gardens for their classes.
28．Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragaph4?
A．Ideas to Encourage Children to Cook at Home
B．Ways to Expose Children to Vegetables at Home
C．Reasons Why Parents Should Understand Children
D．Suggestions Which Children Could Get from Parents
29．What can we learn from the program?
A．Parents’ support might improve children’s reading.
B．School programs could develop students’ creativity.
C．Doing studies can prepare students for future learning.
D．Hands-on experience may influence children’s preference.
【答案】
27．B 28．B 29．D
【分析】本文介绍了在学校花园里让学生自己种植蔬菜的好处。
27．细节理解题。根据“In the program, each school built a garden, where children learned to grow their own fresh produce, like fruit and vegetables”可知，在该项目中，每一所学校都建了一个花园，孩子们在那里学会种植自己的新鲜农产品，故选B。
28．句意猜测题。根据“Any opportunity to expose children to more vegetables is meaningful”及整段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了从不同方面鼓励孩子们多吃蔬菜的方法，故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据“Teaching children to grow their own produce is a great way to increase their preference for the produce”可知，教孩子们自己种植农产品是增加他们对农产品偏好的一个很好的方法，所以实践经验可能会影响孩子的偏好，故选D。
D

Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature cannot be the result of human activities and on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is not the only opinion on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物种).
Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗争) against human nature. We are born with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way or acting selfishly. Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt(适应) , progress and raise itself above and beyond other species.
Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation. Consider, for example, hunting(打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons(武器) is related to that adaptation-from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied.
The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same time or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born from Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speak that language.
30．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．Culture belongs to human nature.
B．Nature teaches humans how to adapt.
C．Humans are supposed to be well organized.
D．Education pushes the human species to progress.
31．Why does the writer talk about hunting in Paragraph 3?
A．To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits.
B．To stress the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life.
C．To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment.
D．To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons.
32．The word “transmission” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A．system B．spread C．start D．spirit
33．What is the writer’s opinion on the nature-culture relationship?
A．Culture and nature are separate yet balanced.
B．Culture depends much on nature to progress.
C．Nature and culture are different but connected.
D．Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture.
【答案】
30．D 31．C 32．B 33．C
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，自然和文化常常被视为对立的观点，但是人类发展的研究表明，文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分。生物的发展和文化的发展是紧密相连的，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。
30．段落大意题。根据“Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗争) against human nature.”和“Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures”可知，人们把教育的过程看作是一场与人性的斗争，教育把文化作为一种方式，让我们摆脱最广泛的天性。所以本段想说明教育推动人类进步。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据“Consider, for example, hunting(打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits.”可知，打猎似乎是一种适应，使人类能够进入新的和不同的地区，打开改变生活习惯的机会。文章提到打猎是为了展示文化是如何随着人类适应环境而发展的。故选C。
32．词义猜测题。分析“The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture.”可知，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。就像蜗牛带着它们的壳一样，我们也带着我们的文化。所以此处transmission的意思是“传播”，故选B。
33．观点态度题。根据“Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物种).”可知，作者认为文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分，作者认为自然和文化之间是对立且密切联系的。故选C。
2020年北京中考真题
A

Helping Seniors(老年人)

Matt
Posted 5 / 15 / 20 4：53PM
I created Teens Helping Seniors with my friends. The group has about 200 volunteers. The volunteers deliver food or other supplies for the elderly in town. I spend six to eight hours a week buying food and making deliveries. By now we have completed 350 deliveries.

Linda
Posted 5/ 15 / 20 6：25PM
I organized Mittler Senior Technology, a program to help the elderly learn how to use computers and smartphones. Now there are 50 local seniors in the weekly technology classes. I want to make sure that the seniors could stay connected to the world.

Jordan
Posted 5 /16 /20 5:20PM
I came up with a way to help lonely seniors with my friends. We call it the Joy 4 All Project. By dialing 569-4255, the elderly can hear pre-recorded jokes and poems. The hotline has received more than 1, 800 phone calls.

Kathy
Posted 5 / 16 /20 7:46PM
I heard that the seniors in the nursing home couldn’t see their families and friends very often, so my friends and I decided to cheer up the elderly by writing them letters. We want them to know that nobody is being forgotten. By now more than 100 students in my school have joined us.
21. Who created Teens Helping Seniors?
A. Kathy. B. Linda. C. Jordan. D. Matt.
22. How many local seniors are there in the weekly technology classes?
A. 50. B. 100. C. 200. D. 350.
23. To help the elderly in the nursing home, Kathy and her schoolmates_________.
A. taught them how to use computers B. recorded jokes and poem for them
C. wrote them letters to cheer them up
D. delivered food or other supplies for them
【答案】
21. D 22. A 23. C
【解析】21. 细节理解题。根据“Matt …….I created Teens Helping Seniors with my friends.”可知，马特创建了青少年帮助老年人的组织，故选D。
22. 细节理解题。根据“Now there are 50 local seniors in the weekly technology classes.”可知，现在有50名当地的老年人参加每周的科技课程。故选A。
23. 细节理解题。根据“I heard that the seniors in the nursing home couldn’t see their families and friends very often, so my friends and I decided to cheer up the elderly by writing them letters.”可知，为了帮助疗养院里的老人，凯西和她的同学们给他们写信使他们高兴起来。故选C。
B
A Day at the Nature Center

Emma stared(凝视) sadly out of the window of the bus. Only 50 miles outside town was the farm. She thought about the farm all the time, especially the animals.
When her family sold the farm and moved to nearby town, Emma was excited. But when she got to the new school, she felt very lonely.
With a sigh(叹气), Emma turned her attention back to the present. The bus came to a stop. “Welcome to the Leinweber Nature Center,” her teacher said. “A guide will give us a presentation about animals, and then you’ll help to feed the baby squirrels, now, I want everyone to find a partner. ”
Emma didn’t have any friends yet—who would be her partner? Emma got close to Julia, a talkative and outgoing girl. “Could I be your partner?” Emma asked uncertainly.
“Sure,” said Julia warmly.
Together, the girls walked into the center. After the presentation, a keeper showed them how to hold the bottle of milk for baby squirrels. Then the girls started to feed their own baby squirrels.
After the babies finished eating, the keeper asked, “Would you like to help feed the adult squirrels, too?”
Emma was quick to volunteer, but when the keeper opened the first cage, the squirrel inside jumped out. Emma remained calm(镇静的), held out her hand, made quiet sounds, and then quickly got it.
“Wow!” Julia said. “You’re always so quiet, I thought you were afraid of everything, but you were brave.”
“I know that when animals are frightened or excited, you have to stay calm.”
The keeper nodded in agreement and asked Emma, “Would you be interested in volunteering to help out with the animals at the center?”
“Interested? I would love to work here! What an opportunity!” Emma was excited.
That afternoon, in the bus on the way back to school, Emma sat next to Julia, her new friend. A rush of newfound happiness washed over her.
24. How did Emma feel when she got to the new school?
A. Lonely. B. Lucky. C. Surprised. D. Angry.
25. At the nature center, Emma and Julia_______.
A. took a chance to be tour guides B. helped to feed the baby squirrels
C. asked the keeper many questions D. made a presentation about nature
26. On the way back to school, Emma felt happy because_______.
A. the volunteers warmly welcomed her
B. the teacher praised her for her bravery
C. she found a place to care for animals and made a friend
D. she went back to the farm and learned a lot about animals
【答案】
24. A 25. B 26. C
【解析】
24. 细节理解题。根据But when she got to the new school, she felt very lonely.但是当她到达新学校时，她感到非常孤独。可知，当艾玛到达新学校时，她感觉很孤独，故答案选A。
25. 细节理解题。根据“Could I be your partner?” Emma asked uncertainly. “Sure,” said Julia warmly.以及Together, the girls walked into the center…….Then the girls started to feed their own baby squirrels. 女孩们一起走进了中心。……然后，女孩们开始喂自己的小松鼠。可知，在自然中心，艾玛和茱莉亚一起帮忙喂小松鼠，故答案选B。
26. 推理判断题。根据“Interested? I would love to work here! What an opportunity!” Emma was excited.以及That afternoon, in the bus on the way back to school, Emma sat next to Julia, her new friend. A rush of newfound happiness washed over her. 可知，在回学校的路上，艾玛感到很高兴，是因为她可以去自然中心去帮忙照顾动物，而且还结交了一个新朋友，故答案选C。
C
There are millions of recipes(菜谱) hidden in the boxes and hearts of grandmother and parents. These family recipes are a special part of our family history. Some of them have been passed down from generation(一代人) to generation.
“I realized I couldn’t go home every weekend for my mom’s delicious dishes,” says Shreya, who is about to enter university. Shreya has recently started following her mother around the kitchen, taking notes on how to make her “masala chai” and tasty kachoris.
"Those special tastes can immediately unlock a whole flood of emotions, memories and feelings of family, love, and comfort," says she.
She adds, "I am looking to the day when my kids will come to know of their grandmothers through the dishes they cooked."
But many of us find it difficult to keep the food connection with our busy life. Even if we have time, not many of us take the effort to collect and record the recipes from our grandmothers and parents. We often get a recipe on the phone and take it down quickly on a piece of paper. We just stick it onto the fridge for a week or two and forget about it as soon as the paper disappears from there.
Actually, there are simple ways to keep family recipes, Scrapbooks（剪贴薄）are easily found in the market. You can even add photos to record every detail of your memories about the recipe. With the help of some popular apps like Story Scans, recording family recipes has never been easier. What is needed is to scan（扫描） the recipes and record the story behind each of them. It can become the most meaningful work you have ever done with and for your family.
Keeping family recipes is saving and honoring our tradition so that future generations can continue to make family ties stronger. Every time you remember your loved ones, recreate one of the dishes from your collection and let the memories from the good old days comfort you. So why not gift your kids a family recipe book when they are starting a new life?
27. Why does Shreya follow her mother around the kitchen?
A. To clean up the kitchen. B. To note down recipes.
C. To prepare family dinners. D. To talk about family rules.
28. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Ways to record recipes can be easy.
B. Most people like writing recipe books.
C. Recipes have become popular with kids.
D. People often buy recipe books in the market.
29. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Family Recipes: Secrets of Cooking
B. Family Recipes Are at a Crossroads
C. Family Recipes: Connections to Interests
D. Family Recipes Are More than Just Recipes
【答案】
27. B 28. A 29. D
【解析】
27. 细节理解题。根据“Shreya has recently started following her mother around the kitchen, taking notes on how to make her “masala chai” and tasty kachoris.”可知，莎莉娅跟着妈妈在厨房转是为了记下菜谱，故选B。
28. 推理判断题。根据“Actually, there are simple ways to keep family recipes, Scrapbooks（剪贴薄）are easily found in the market. You can even add photos to record every detail of your memories about the recipe. With the help of some popular apps like Story Scans, recording family recipes has never been easier.”可知，记录菜谱的方法很简单。故选A。
29. 标题归纳题。根据“Keeping family recipes is saving and honoring our tradition so that future generations can continue to make family ties stronger.”可知，保留家庭菜谱就是保存和尊重我们的传统，这样子孙后代就可以继续加强家庭纽带。因此本文主要介绍了家庭菜谱不仅仅是菜谱，还有更深的意义。故选D。
D

Today we can do everything with apps: pay bills, order food and shop for anything. Mobile technology means we can hold the world in our hands. However, when it comes to technology and health care, opportunities and challenges come together.
Let’s start with the ways to get health care. Telemedicine can allow a patient to use technology to see the doctor online and get a diagnosis (诊断) and instructions without leaving home.
In addition, there are many patient websites. These allow for different kinds of interactions about our health needs without involving the medical team. Setting a date with doctors and reading lab results are readily achieved by technology.
A whole new age of medical care seems likely (可能的) to come in the future. But every coin has two sides. What might be on the other side of techno-health care?
Firstly, we should think about the health care experience as a whole. A usual visit to a doctor begins with a receptionist (接待员) , who can see and tell how a patient is doing, This may influence the treatment effect. It’s unlikely that a patient website will have such intuition.
Next, sharing the details of one’s life requires trust, which takes time to build. This is certainly true in health care, where some of life’s best and worst moments involve doctors. The human touch should not be undervalued and is unlikely to be there over the smartphone.
Lastly, test results can be difficult to understand. When someone without a medical degree sees a flagged result with no explanation on the website, there’s room for all kinds of stories to form in their minds—and also great worry.
So how does medicine adapt (适应) to the new technology age? Very talented companies are working on it .There is medical equipment(设备) that can be used at home to send necessary signs and heart sounds through telemedicine . It seems likely that some companies will find a way to explain test results.
But what it will not achieve is the warmth of human interaction and touch. Patients often need someone to listen to —and care about—their journey story, which will never be realized through a human-less technology. Technology should be a tool, but depending on it totally will most certainly have unexpected effects. Let’s not allow our humanity to be one of them.
30. According to the passage, how does technology help health care?
A. It encourages doctors to voice their needs on the websites
B. It offers the patient a convenient way to get a diagnosis
C. It improves relations between doctors and patients.
D. It provides an opportunity to build a medical team
31. The word “intuition” in Paragraph 5 probably means______.
A. an ability to understand B. an interesting experience
C. a chance to win D. a fair decision
32. What do you know about techno-health care from the passage?
A. Patient websites require trust from doctors.
B. Talented companies can give medical advice.
C. Flagged results may cause worry for patients.
D. Medical equipment collects patients’ stories.
33. The writer probably agrees that_____.
A. technology can deal with unexpected effects.
B. telemedicine can take the place of usual health care.
C. it is difficult for patients to adapt to the new technology age.
D. techno-health care should take humanity into consideration.
【答案】
30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D
【解析】
30. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Telemedicine can allow a patient to use technology to see the doctor online and get a diagnosis (诊断) and instructions without leaving home. 远程医疗可以让病人不用离开家就可以使用技术在线看医生并得到诊断和指导。”，可知它为病人提供了一种方便的诊断方法，故选B。
31. 词义猜测题。an ability to understand理解的能力；an interesting experience有趣的经历；a chance to win获胜的机会；a fair decision公平的决定。根据猜题所在句子中的such可知intuition指代的是上文中的“A usual visit to a doctor begins with a receptionist (接待员) , who can see and tell how a patient is doing, This may influence the treatment effect. 通常去看医生的时候会有一个前台接待员，他可以看到并告诉病人情况，这可能会影响治疗效果。”，可知猜题句是指“病人的网站不太可能有这样的理解能力”,所以intuition应指“理解的能力”，故选A。
32. 推理判断题。根据第六段中“Next, sharing the details of one’s life requires trust, which takes time to build. ”，可知分享生活细节需要信任，所以选项A是错误的；根据第八段中“Very talented companies are working on it”，可知有能力的公司正致力于解决这个问题，所以选项B是错误的；根据第七段中“When someone without a medical degree sees a flagged result with no explanation on the website, there’s room for all kinds of stories to form in their minds—and also great worry. 当一个没有医学学位的人在网站上看到一个没有任何解释的标记结果时，就会有各种各样的故事在他们脑海中形成，同时也会产生巨大的担忧。”，可知标记的结果可能会引起患者的担忧，所以选项C是正确的；根据第八段中“There is medical equipment(设备) that can be used at home to send necessary signs and heart sounds through telemedicine .”，可知有医疗设备可以在家里通过远程医疗发送必要的信号和心脏声音，所以选项D是错的。故选C。
33. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Technology should be a tool, but depending on it totally will most certainly have unexpected effects.”，可知技术应该是一种工具，但完全依赖它肯定会产生意想不到的效果，所以选项A是错误的；选项B意为“远程医疗可以取代通常的医疗保健。”，文章中没有提及，所以排除；根据第八段中“So how does medicine adapt (适应) to the new technology age? Very talented companies are working on it那么医学如何适应新技术时代呢? 有能力的公司正致力于解决这个问题。”，可知选项C是错误的；根据最后一段“Technology should be a tool, but depending on it totally will most certainly have unexpected effects. Let’s not allow our humanity to be one of them. 技术应该是一种工具，但完全依赖它肯定会产生意想不到的效果。让我们的人性不用成为其中一个。”，可知选项D符合原文。故选D。
三、2019年北京中考真题
A
Experiencing China
Mike, Canada
I spent three months with my host family(接待家庭) in China. It was a lifetime experience. I was able to experience Chinese living and culture
from basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera. I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital. Now I have a better understanding of Chinese culture.

Joanna, Australia
I stayed with my host family for five months. My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted. With her help
my Chinese has improved a lot. And I have got used to a new culture. My favorite part of the experience was sharing my feelings in China with her.

Bill, America
My host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes. They are tasty and I like them very much. Just like me
my host parents love to learn about different cultures. They often ask me questions about life in America.

Cindy, Germany
Recently I took part in a program to study Chinese. I lived with a host family in China for six months. My host sister is a really hardworking student. It was amazing to see how she made progress in English. And a close relationship has developed between us.
21. Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital?
A. Mike. B. Joanna. C. Bill. D. Cindy.
22. How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China?
A. Three months. B. Four months.
C. Five months. D. Six months.
23. Cindy thinks her host sister is .
A. a wonderful cook B. a responsible doctor
C. a warm-hearted teacher D. a hardworking student
21.A【解析】细节理解题。由题干中a traditional Chinese medicine hospital可定位至短文第一段中I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital.这句话，再找到文章的开头Mike Canada可知，Mike参观了著名了中医医院。故应选A。
22.C【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的人名Joanna可定位到短文第二段，根据第一句话I stayed with my host family for five months.可知，她和她的寄宿家庭一起待了五个月。故应选C。
23.D【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的人名Cindy可定位到短文第四段，根据I lived with a host family in China for six months. My host sister is a really hardworking student.可知，Cindy觉得寄宿姐姐是一个非常用功的学生。由此可知应选D。
B
Blue Lightning
Sally loved cars more than anything else. This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. So she asked her dad for help.
“Well,” he said. “How about this: you do some research first and then come back to me with a design.”
A week later Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go-kart “Blue Lightning”. Dad looked over her work, thinking. “Well, that’s interesting,” he said. “Have a try. Just build Blue Lightning as you’ve designed.”
Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed.
After she did that, Sally drove back to Dad. “Well,” she said. “Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive.”
“Oh, do you?” he said. “Please share.”
“When I drove fast, there was a lot of pushback,” she said. “I think it’s because of the lightning bolt (闪电) shape.”
“Very good!” Dad said. 
“So, why didn’t you tell me about that problem in the first place?” Sally asked.
Dad laughed. “Where’s the fun in that? If you give a man a fish, he’ll eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish, he’ll eat for a lifetime.”
Sally said, “I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun !”
Dad smiled. “Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.”
That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showed Dad her new go-kart, he nodded with pride.
Finally came the race. Sally wasn’t worried about whether she would win—in her mind, she had already won, by building something better than ever before.
24. Sally thought of building a go-kart to .
A. practice driving B. enter for a race
C. play with friends D. do some research
25. What did Sally’s dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart?
A. To have a test drive. B. To take a good rest.
C. To give it a cool name. D. To paint it light blue.
26. Sally’s story mainly tells us that .
A. winning a race is important
B. fishing brings us a lot of fun
C. driving experience is necessary
D. learning happens during the process
24.B【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race.可知，Sally想要自己制作一辆卡丁车去参加比赛。由此可知应选B。
25.A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第四段Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed.可知，Sally把卡丁车做好后，给爸爸看，爸爸让她先去试驾一下。由此可知应选A。
26.D【解析】推理判断题。根据文意和短文倒数第三段的内容Dad smiled. “Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.”可知，短文通过讲述Sally制作卡丁车参加比赛的过程，告诉我们，有时候学习就是在过程中发生的。故D选项最符合文意。
C
Sometimes it seems that time is flying. Perhaps it doesn’t need to feel this way. Our experience of time can be possibly changed. By understanding the psychological (心理学的) processes behind our different experiences of time, we might be able to slow down time a little.
One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we’re exposed(接触) to new environments and experiences. The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process. The more information our minds take in the slower time seems to pass.
It follows, then, that we have different experiences of time in different situations. In some situations, our life is full of new experiences. Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down. In other situations, we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar(熟悉的). We become insensitive to our experience, which means we process less information, and time seems to speed up.
How can we slow down time? Here are two suggestions.
Firstly, since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster, we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible. We can give ourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills. This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand (增加) our experience of time.
Secondly, and perhaps most effectively, we can give our whole attention to an experience-to what we are seeing, feeling, tasting, smelling or hearing. This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts. For example, on the way home, focus your attention outside of yourself, instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with. Look at the sky, or at the buildings you pass, traveling among them. This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect.
To a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing. It’s possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time.
27. According to the writer, we can expand our experience of time by .
A. going to bed on time B. traveling to new places
C. having dinner as usual D. printing the same materials
28. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information.
B. Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly.
C. We can take in more information by living through our senses.
D. We should build a stronger relationship between time and us.
29. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Slow Down Time B. Only Time Will Tell
C. Race Against Time D. Time Will Not Come Twice
27.B【解析】推理判断题。根据文意和短文第二段One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we’re exposed(接触) to new environments and experiences.可知，当我们接触新环境和经历时，时间好像会变慢。结合选项：A是“按时上床睡觉”；B是“去新的地方旅行”；C是“像往常一样吃晚饭”；D是“打印相同的材料”。故应选B。
28.C【解析】推理判断题。根据短文第六段Secondly, and perhaps most effectively, we can give our whole attention to an experience-to what we are seeing, feeling, tasting, smelling or hearing. This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts.可知，通过我们的感官，我们可以吸收更多的信息。故应选C。
29.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据短文第一段Our experience of time can be possibly changed.；再根据第二段One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we’re exposed(接触) to new environments and experiences.以及第四段How can we slow down time? Here are two suggestions.可知，短文先告诉我们“时间的体验是可以改变的”，然后从心理学的角度解释了其中的原理，并对如何使时间变慢提出了建议。因此整篇文章都是围绕Slow down time展开的，故选A最合适。

D

How Much Can We Afford to Forget?
In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities. As the Internet grows more powerful, students can access (获得) knowledge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads?
Civilizations（文明）develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultural（农业的）Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines give us access to most human knowledge. It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter?
Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases（偏见），and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.
Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information. When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief-the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.
In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence, we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well-being（健康）depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. Without food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold.And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.
We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps they’re not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people.
30. Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases?
A. Because they go off course in testing and scoring.
B. Because we control the training process on them.
C. Because we offer them too much information.
D. Because they overuse the provided answers.
31. The ease of accessing information from the Internet ·
A. frees us from making efforts to learn new skills
B. prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speed
C. misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledge
D. separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines
32. The word "collapse" in Paragraph 5 probably means ·
A. a sudden failure B. the basic rule
C. a disappointing start D. the gradual development
33. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A. To question about the standards of information storage.
B. To discuss our problems of communication with machines.
C. To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability.
D. To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember.
30.B【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第三段For one, human beings have biases（偏见），and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers可知，智能机器是通过重复测试和评分过程的训练，在这个过程中，人类仍然决定着正确的答案。故B选项符合文意。
31.C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第四段中But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief-the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.可知，互联网给我们提供了方便，可以让我们快速得到所需要的信息，但这可能会导致错误的信念，我们发现的知识是我们一直都知道的一部分。由此可知应选C。
32.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据上下文语境But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well-being（健康）depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results.可知，对网络的依赖很容易受到伤害，后面举例说明网络的…会导致可怕的后果。结合选项：A是“突然的失败”；B是“基本规则”；C是“令人失望的开始”；D是“逐渐的发展”。根据文意可知应选A。
33.D【解析】推理判断题。根据短文第二段的最后It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter?以及第三段Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen.、第四段Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information、第五段But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily等可知，短文作者先提出问题“我们还需要再记忆很多东西吗？”，然后分析了这个问题，发现如果不靠自己的记忆，而去依赖机器会导致很多问题的发生，由此可知推知作者写这篇文章的目的是提醒我们依赖机器记忆是有风险的。故应选D。
（2018年北京市中考英语试卷）

Roger: Hi, there! It was my 15th birthday last Saturday. Some of my friends and Alan, my cousin, came to celebrate it. Everyone brought me a gift. We played games, sang songs and had a big birthday cake. It was really a wonderful day! Did you do anything special last week?

Jessica: Yes, My class were on a school field trip last week. First, we went to the University of North Carolina to learn about the history of its basketball team. Many basketball stars were students there. Then we visited a museum. We learned about how the plane was invented and took many pictures there.
Sara: Well, I was lucky enough to go to a conference（会议）on charity(慈善) last Wednesday. I was excited to meet a lot of kind people there. One of them was a boy named Richard. He spoke at the conference about the charity work that he had done in the past few years.

Martin: It was a different week than usual. Last Thursday, my school band（乐队）went to Atlanta to perform in a competition. I played the violin and we won a prize! On Friday we went to the Georgia Aquarium and got to see different kinds of sea life from all over the world. It was really cool!
21．When did Roger have his birthday party?
A．Last Wednesday B．last Thursday
C．Last Friday D．Last Saturday.
22．Who went on a school field trip last week?
A．Alan. B．Jessica C．Sara D．Richard.
23．Martin went to Atlanta to .
A．speak at a conference B．organize a party
C．perform in a competition D．visit a university
【答案】21．D 22．B 23．C
【解析】文章分别介绍了四个孩子上周的活动。上周六，罗杰举行了15岁的生日聚会；杰西卡上个星期参加学校郊游；萨拉上星期三很幸运地去参加了一个慈善会议。马丁去亚特兰大参加比赛中的表演。
21．细节理解题。根据Roger：It was my 15th birthday last Saturday罗杰：这是我上周六的15岁生日。可知罗杰的生日是上周六。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Jessica：Yes，My class were on a school field trip last week杰西卡：是的，上个星期我的班级去参加学校郊游了，可知杰西卡上个星期参加学校郊游。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据Martin：Last Thursday, my school band（乐队）went to Atlanta to perform in a competition，马丁：上周四，我的学校乐队在亚特兰大的一次比赛中表演了，可知，马丁去亚特兰大在比赛中表演。故选C。
（2018年北京市中考英语试卷）
A Beautiful Moment
When I was in high school.I worked part-time helping Dad sell fruits and vegetables at a matket. One day，as I was preparing the fruits. A little boy came by with his mom and sister. He was   about eight years old，and the girl.five or six. They were looking the fruits in front of me. I heard the kids say to their mom(in French),"They're good!" I knew it was French. Because I can speak and understand it.
Then I noticed how mom was picking the fruits.At first I thought she was really looking at the fruits because she was facing them. But then I noticed how much she had to feel and smell each one as she picked them out. And often asked her son if it looked okay, but looked way above where his face was. Putting what I saw together,I was sure she was blind.
Both of the kids continued to help their mom pick out the fruits .The son made sure the fruits were not obviously bad, and the daughter handed them to her mom. The woman then felt each one and smiled, and the daughter would put them into their basket .The kids were smiling while helping their mom pick the fruits out.
Their smile and gentle manner moved me in a way that never happened before .It was so beautiful to see such young kids so willingly help. Most kids that age would be picking out candies or toys in a store for themselves, instead of helping their mom pick out fruits as the two kids did.
It was great to witness the moment, but not so great because   I didn’t tell the mom how beautiful her children were in their language .this is what I regret to this day.
24．The women and her kids came to the market to buy .
A．fruits B．vegetables C．candies D．toys
25．According to what he saw, the writer was sure the mother couldn’t .
A．speak B．see C．smell D．hear
26．The writer was moved because .
A．the mother was brave to face her problems.
B．the kids were polite and kind to each other
C．the mother was careful in picking out things
D．the kids were so willing to help their mother
【答案】24．A 25．B 26．D
【解析】文章介绍了两个孩子帮盲人妈妈挑选水果，作者被这温情一幕打动。
24．细节理解题。根据Then I noticed how mom was picking the fruits．然后我注意到妈妈是如何挑选水果的，可知他们是来买水果的，故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据I was sure she was blind．我确定她是盲人，可知作者认为这个妈妈看不到，故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据It was so beautiful to see such young kids so willingly help． Most kids that age would be picking out candies or toys in a store for themselves， instead of helping their mom pick out fruits as the two kids did．看到这么小的孩子们如此乐于助人，真是太美了。大多数同龄的孩子会在商店里为自己挑选糖果或玩具，而不是像两个孩子那样帮助他们的妈妈挑选水果。可知作者被这两个孩子愿意帮助他们的母亲而感动，故选D。
（2018年北京市中考英语试卷）
Some primary schoolchildren have been raised in homes with more green space around. They are likely to come with larger volumes of white and grey matter in certain areas of the brain. These differences are associated(关联) with beneficial effects on cognitive function (认知功能) . This is the main conclusion of a study led by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health.
The study was performed among 253 schoolchildren in Spain .Lifelong exposure(接触) to green space in the living places was recorded—using the information on the children’s addresses from birth up through to the time of the study. Brain structure was studied using 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Working memory and inattentiveness(注意力不集中)were graded with computers.
“This is the first study that shows the association between long-term exposure to green space and brain structure.” Says Dr. Payam Dadvand, the leading researcher of the study, “Our findings suggest that exposure to green space early in life could result in beneficial structural changes in the brain.”
The findings show that long-term exposure to greenness is positively associated with white and grey matter volumes in several parts of the brain. Some of them are related to higher scores on cognitive tests. Moreover, larger volumes of white and grey matter in those parts might lead to better working memory and less inattentiveness.
Exposure to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children. Another study of 2,593 children shows that children in school with more green space have a greater increase in working memory and a greater decrease in inattentiveness.
Humans are believed to be tied to nature.   Playing in greener areas offers children opportunities to search and learn. Accordingly, green space is thought to prompt important exercises in discovery, creativity and risk taking. These exercises in turn positively influence brain development.
Dr. Dadvand’s study suggests how such structural changes could bring about the beneficial effects of green spaces on cognitive development, it also adds to the proof that suggests the lasting effects of early life exposure to greenness on our health and the benefits of increasing greenness in cities.
Further studies are needed to prove the findings in other populations, settings and climates. And researchers need to examine differences according to the nature and quality of green space.
27．The second paragraph is mainly about .
A．how the study was performed B．what was recorded in the study
C．how long the study lasted D．who took part in the study
28．The word “prompt” in paragraph 6 probably means “ “.
A．control B．encourage C．balance D．change
29．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Working memory influences white and grey matter in the brain.
B．Dr. Dadvand stressed the importance of changing the environment.
C．Studies proved the influence of greenness on populations outs of Spain.
D．Living in greener neighborhoods benefits children in brain development.
【答案】27．A 28．B 29．D
【解析】本文主要讲述了一项科学实验的结果，结果表明生活在绿色环境下有利于大脑的发育，但是这个结论是否适合于每个地方的人还有待观察和后续实验证明。
27．细节理解题。根据The study was performed among 253schoolchildren in Spain可知，此段主要讲述的是有关于研究如何进行的事情，故选A。
28．词意猜测题。A. control控制；B. encourage鼓励，促进；C. balance平衡；D. change改变。根据These exercises in turn positively influence brain development可知，是极大的促进大脑的发育，四个选项中意思最为接近的是鼓励，促进，故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据Our findings suggest that exposure to green space early in life could result in beneficial structural changes in the brain可知，在绿色环境下生活有利于大脑发育，故选D。
（2018年北京市中考英语试卷）
We often reach a point in our life when we should be ready for change that will help us unlock our self-improvement power. However, there’s always something staring at us right under our nose but we don’t see it. The only time we think of unlocking our self-improvement power is when everything gets worst.
When do we realize that we need to change diets? When none of our shirts and jeans would fit us. When do we stop eating candies and chocolates? When all of our teeth have fallen off. When do we realize that we need to stop smoking? When our lungs have gone bad. We see the warning signs and signals when things get rough and difficult.
The only time most of us ever learn about unlocking our self-improvement power is when the whole world is falling apart. We think and feel this way because it is not easy to change, but change becomes more painful when we ignore(忽视) it，
Change will happen, like it or hate it. At one point or another. we are all going to finally unlock our self-improvement power not because the world says so. But because we realize it's for our own good.
Happy people don’t just accept change; they embrace (拥抱)it. Unlocking our self-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are. It is such a poor excuse for people who fear change.
Jane always tells everyone that she doesn't have the courage to be around groups of people. She heard her family tell the same things about her to other people. Over the years, that is what Jane has believed. Every time a great crowd come, she steps back and locks herself up in a room. Jane not only believes in her story, but lives it!
Self-improvement may not be everybody’s favorite word, but if we look at things in a different way, we might have greater chances of enjoying the whole process instead of counting the days until we are fully improved. Three sessions in a week at the gym would result in a healthier life. Reading books every day would build up knowledge. And only when we are enjoying the whole process of unlocking our self-improvement power will we realize that we’re beginning to take things light and become happy.
30．The writer mentions the three questions in Paragraph 2 to show that .
A．we learn our lessons when we experience pain.
B．we are responsible for the problems we meet.
C．life fails us when we get into the wrong way.
D．life is a long journey full of ups and downs.
31．What is the key to solving Jane’s problem?
A．She needs to remember why she started.
B．She has to know how to get on with people.
C．She has to realize she is not what she is in her story.
D．She needs to understand the importance of confidence.
32．The writer probably agrees that .
A．the world tells us how to improve ourselves.
B．people change when they find it easy to do that.
C．welcoming change in life is a drive to become better.
D．enjoying the process of self-improvement makes life simpler.
33．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Is it important to take things light?
B．Is it necessary to embrace challenges?
C．To hold on to the last moment or to give up?
D．To free ourselves out of the box or to stay in it?
【答案】30．A 31．C 32．C 33．D
【解析】
这是一篇人生感悟类阅读，主要介绍在我们的生活中，当我们准备好要改变的时候，我们经常会达到一个点，这将帮助我们打开自我提升的力量。打开自我提高能力的唯一时刻是当一切变得最糟糕的时候。只有当我们享受解锁自我完善能力的整个过程，从固定思维中解脱出来时，我们才会意识到我们开始轻而易举地获得快乐。
30．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句The only time we think of unlocking our self-improvement power is when everything gets worst我们认为打开自我提高能力的唯一时刻是当一切变得最糟糕的时候。可知，作者列举“什么时候我们意识到我们需要改变饮食？当我们的衬衫和牛仔裤都不适合我们的时候，我们什么时候停止吃糖果和巧克力？当我们所有的牙齿都脱落了。我们什么时候意识到我们需要戒烟？”这些的目的是当我们经历痛苦时，我们学到了教训。故选A。
31．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 Jane always tells everyone that she doesn't have the courage to be around groups of people. She heard her family tell the same things about her to other people. Over the years, that is what Jane has believed. Every time a great crowd come, she steps back and locks herself up in a room. Jane not only believes in her story, but lives it! 简总是告诉每个人她没有勇气和一群人在一起。她听到她的家人对其他人说关于她的同样的话。多年来，这就是简所相信的。每次一大群人来，她都后退一步，把自己锁在一个房间里。简不仅相信她的故事，而且生活在其中！可知，解决简问题的关键是她必须意识到她不是她故事中的那样的人。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据第五段Happy people don't just accept change; they embrace（拥抱）it. 快乐的人不只是接受变化，他们拥抱变化。及最后一段And only when we are enjoying the whole process of unlocking our self-improvement power will we realize that we're beginning to take things light and become happy. 只有当我们享受开启自我提升能力的整个过程时，我们才会意识到我们开始随遇而安并变得快乐。可知，作者可能同意欢迎生活中的变化是一个变得更好的动力。故选C。
33．标题猜测题。根据第五段Unlocking our self-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are. It is such a poor excuse for people who fear change解开自我提高的力量意味着把自己从思想的框框中解脱出来，这正是我们的方式。对于害怕改变的人来说，这是一个很糟糕的借口。倒数第二段最后一句Every time a great crowd come, she steps back and locks herself up in a room. Jane not only believes in her story, but lives it! 每次一大群人来，她都会后退一步，把自己锁在一个房间里。简不仅相信她的故事，而且生活在其中！及最后一句And only when we are enjoying the whole process of unlocking our self-improvement power will we realize that we're beginning to take things light and become happy. 只有当我们享受开启自我提升能力的整个过程时，我们才会意识到我们开始把一切看淡并变得快乐。可知，标题可以是“把自己从思维的盒子里解放出来还是留在里面？”。故选D。

（2022·北京平谷·二模）
Susan
Since I entered middle school, I have always wanted to become a translator. I can translate Chinese into English so that people in other countries can enjoy Chinese poems and stories.Becoming a translator isn’t easy. It takes great patience and confidence. I hope that I will be able to go to college and become a real translator some day.
Jack
My dream is to become a successful doctor, helping those sick people and saving their lives. I hope everyone can have an opportunity（机会）to receive wonderful treatments for their illnesses without having to pay much. It is my childhood dream.In order to achieve my dream, I need enough knowledge and experience, so I work hard to improve myself.
Anna
I love to become a great Fashion Designer. Fashion designing is so much of fun and creative. If I design a costume and have my signature（签名）on it, the recognition I achieve will go worldwide.Fashion designing does require lots of study and research and I need to be myself unique（独特的）. I must work hard to be ready for the competitions and challenges.
David
My dream is to be a lawyer. Some people think lawyers are simply out for money, but I believe lawyers have a desire（愿望）to help others, especially those who are unable to defend（维护）themselves.I know becoming a successful lawyer will take much preparation and hard work. I am willing to do what it takes to make my dream come true.
1．Whose dream is to be a doctor?
A．Susan’s. B．Jack’s. C．Anna’s. D．David’s.
2．What does David desire to do?
A．To help others in defending. B．To be unique worldwide.
C．To save people’s lives. D．To spread Chinese culture.
3．Susan needs to be ________ to make her dream come true.
A．patient and confident B．creative and funny
C．knowledgeable and experienced D．helpful and careful
（2022·北京平谷·二模）
Anil froze when he saw the poster at school. Culinary Academies of America presents Junior Cooking Camp. He had to go! But he needed money to get there.
So, the next morning on Saturday, Anil started to make cookies. Then he put the cookies into bags. Last he wrote Anil’s Cookies on each bag.
“Now,” Anil said, “I’ll make my dream come true.” He knocked door-to-door, trying to sell the cookies. He told each neighbor, “I need money for the cooking camp. I want to be a chef.” “Just bought some cookies,” one neighbor said. “On a diet,” the next one said. “No money,” the third admitted.
After Anil came home with a lot of good luck wishes but no money, his grandma, Nana, suggested him to drive to John’s Indian Grocery Store.
“Cookies?” Mr. John waved his hand. “No sweets. Too many sweets.” He pointed toward some shelves with desserts from India.
“But those are canned,” Nana argued. “These are fresh!”
“It takes too long to make a fresh paratha (flat bread) and aloo (potato) nowadays.” Mr. John shrugged (耸肩).
Anil went back home with Nana. He didn’t want to give up his dream. He thought about how traditional paratha shapes were so boring. Circles, triangles, nothing fun. Why couldn’t he use cookie cutters on paratha dough? As he worked, Nana picked up his parathas one by one. “A car. A cat. A flower? What kind of parathas dough are these?” After some silence, she said, “I should like eating the cat.” “Maybe other people will like them, too.” Anil said.
Anil hoped the Indian store would buy some. So they cooked the parathas and brought them to John. He tore off (撕下) a piece of paratha and put into his mouth.
“These are more fun for kids.” Anil said.
“Parathas for kids?” John slowly nodded his head. “Something new. And delicious. We’ll try them.”
A few days later, John called Anil.
When Anil hung up, Nana asked, “Well? What did John want?”
Anil grinned (咧嘴笑) before hurrying to the kitchen. “Fifty parathas each week! Kids love them! Camp, here I come!”
4．What was Anil’s dream?
A．He wanted to go to the cooking camp. B．He hoped people would like his cookies.
C．He wanted to get along well with his neighbors. D．He hoped John would agree to cooperate with him.
5．Mr. John refused Anil’s cookies because ________.
A．he didn’t have enough money to buy them B．he thought Anil’s cookies were not delicious
C．there were too many sweets in his store D．he preferred canned desserts to the cookies
6．What did you think of Anil according to the story?
A．Creative and strong-willed. B．Talented and friendly.
C．Insistent and helpful. D．Humorous and hard-working.
（2022·北京平谷·二模）
Did you know that some people don’t do their reading assignments? It’s shocking, but it’s true. Some students don’t even read short texts that they are assigned (布置) in class. There are many reasons for this. They may be distracted or bored. They may be unwilling to focus. They may be unconfident readers. Whatever the reason, it has to stop today. Here’s why.
Reading stimulates (刺激) your mind. It is like a workout for your brain. When people are old, their muscles begin to get weaker and their strength leaves them. Exercise can prevent this loss. The same thing happens to people’s brains when they get older. Brain power and speed decline with age. Reading strengthens your brain and prevents these declines.
You can benefit from reading in the near-term too. Reading provides knowledge. Knowledge is power. Therefore, reading can make you a more powerful person. You can learn to do new things by reading. Do you want to make video games? Do you want to design clothing? Reading can teach you all this and more. But you have to get good at reading, and the only way to get good at something is to practice.
Read everything that you can at school, regardless of whether you find it interesting. Reading expands your vocabulary. Even a “boring” text can teach you new words. Having a larger vocabulary will help you better express yourself. You will be able to speak, write, and think more intelligently. What’s boring about that?
Do not just discount pay attention to a text because it is unfamiliar (不熟悉的) to you. Each time you read, you are exposed to new ideas and perspectives (视角). Reading can change the way that you understand the world. It can give you a wider perspective on things. It can make you worldlier. You can learn how people live in far away places. You can learn about cultures different from your own.
Reading is good for your state of mind. It has a calming effect. It can lower your stress levels and help you relax. You can escape from your troubles for a moment when you read, and it’s a positive escape. So do yourself a favor: the next time you get a reading assignment, take as much as you can from it. Squeeze it for every drop of knowledge that it has. Then move on to the next one.
7．The writer advises you to read everything at school because ________.
A．you will love it if you read it enough B．you will get better grades in reading class
C．you will make your teacher very happy D．you will learn more new words
8．The writer probably agrees that ________.
A．you should pay more attention to the familiar text
B．you will feel bored after you think more intelligently
C．reading helps you perform on tests and get into top schools
D．reading widens your perspective and makes you a better person
9．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Reading: Good for the Mind in Many Ways B．Reading: The Key to a Successful Future
C．Reading: Improve Your Vocabulary and Grades D．Reading: The Best Way to Improve Your Writing Skills
（2022·北京平谷·二模）

Did you know that humans aren’t the only species (物种) that use language? Bees communicate by dancing. Whales talk to each other by singing. And some apes talk to humans by using American Sign Language.
A female gorilla, Koko, was born at the San Francisco Zoo on July 4th, 1971. Koko learned sign language from her trainer, Dr. Penny Patterson. Patterson began teaching sign language to Koko in 1972, when Koko was one year old. Koko must have been a good student, because two years later she moved onto the Stanford University campus with Dr. Patterson. Koko continued to learn on the campus until 1976. That’s when she began living full-time with Patterson’s group, the Gorilla Foundation. Patterson and Koko’s relationship has blossomed ever since.
Dr. Patterson says that Koko has mastered sign language and known over 1,000 words, and that Koko makes up new words. For example, Koko didn’t know the sign for ring, so she signed the words finger and bracelet. Dr. Patterson thinks that this shows meaningful and constructive use of language.
Not everyone agrees with Dr. Patterson. Some argue that apes like Koko do not understand the meaning of what they are doing. Some people who don’t believe that say that these apes are just performing complex tricks (戏法). For example, if Koko points to an apple and signs red or apple, Dr. Patterson will give her an apple. They argue that Koko does not really know what the sign apple means. She only knows that that if she makes the right motion, one which Dr. Patterson has shown her, then she gets an apple. The debate is unresolved, but one thing is for certain: Koko is an extraordinary ape.
It seems like Patterson and Koko have a good relationship, but not everyone agrees with it. Some people believe that Patterson is humanizing the ape. They think that apes should be left in the most natural state possible. Even Dr. Patterson struggles with these feelings. When she was asked if her findings could be duplicated by another group of scientists, she said, “We don’t think that it would be ethical (道德的) to do again.” She went on to argue that animals should not be kept in such unnatural circumstances.
As for the future, Dr. Patterson and the Gorilla Foundation would love to get Koko to an ape preserve (保护区) in Maui, but they are having trouble getting the land. So unless you have a few million dollars to spare, Koko’s going to be spending her time in Woodland, California with Dr. Patterson. Koko probably doesn’t mind that. If she moved to Hawaii, she’d have to give up her Facebook page and Twitter feed, and she’s got like 50 thousand “likes”. Some may deny (否认) that she knows sign language, but nobody says that she doesn’t know social networking.
10．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the second paragraph?
A．To describe the environment in which Koko lives.
B．To tell readers how Dr. Patterson developed Koko’s living skills.
C．To advise Patterson to free Koko after she learnt on the campus.
D．To make an introduction about Koko and Dr. Patterson’s background.
11．What do we know from the passage?
A．Koko has mastered sign language without a doubt.
B．Everybody likes how Dr. Patterson has raised Koko.
C．Some people think that Koko only signs to get food.
D．The Gorilla Foundation has got a land for Koko to stay naturally.
12．What does the underlined word “duplicated” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．To disagree with someone. B．To fool them.
C．To copy something. D．To be disproven through debate.
13．Which may be the main idea of this passage?
A．Bees, whales, and apes like Koko all use language to communicate.
B．Koko uses sign language but some think it’s just a trick.
C．It is natural for gorillas to learn sign language like humans.
D．If you want a lot of “likes” on Facebook, get a talking gorilla.
（2022·北京顺义·二模）If you have problems describing people, don’t worry! We’ll use popular film characters to help you learn some useful words.

Naive
Meaning: If someone is naive, they have little experience and believe good things will always happen.
Example: In the film Elf, Buddy is a naive person who grows up with elves(精灵). One day, he goes to New York City but finds things very different there.
Director: David Berenbaum

Loyal
Meaning: If you’re loyal, you always give support to a person or a group and help them and act honestly.
Example: In the film Toy Story, Woody is loyal to his friends and owner, Andy. He stays with Andy, even when Andy grows up and goes to college.
Director: John Lasseter

Demanding
Meaning: If someone is demanding, they are not easily satisfied or pleased.
Example: In the film The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda is very demanding. She always works very hard, and expects others to do the same.
Director: David Frankel

Talented
Meaning: If you’re talented, you have a natural ability to do something well.
Example: In the film McFarland, USA, coach White notices some talented runners in his PE class. He forms a cross-country group that races against other schools.
Director: Niki Caro
14．If you want to use the word “naive” to describe people, the film ________ will help you.
A．Elf B．Toy Story
C．The Devil Wears Prada D．McFarland, USA
15．Who always gives support to friends according to the films?
A．Buddy. B．Woody. C．David Frankel. D．Niki Caro.
16．Which word is used to describe a person with a natural ability to do something well?
A．Naive. B．Loyal. C．Demanding. D．Talented.
（2022·北京顺义·二模）Three Fingers of Patience

Once there was a farmer with his wife and children living a happy life by earning from their own land in a village. The family planted the crops in spring, and harvested the crops in autumn. The only issue(问题) faced by the farmer was a lack of water for the fields. After discussing with his family, the farmer decided to dig a well near his land.
After managing to get all the materials prepared, he went to visit an expert to ask for advice on where he should dig one. Under the guidance, he started the project at the edge of the land with great expectation. He worked very hard to dig day and night. But his hard work was not rewarded. The whole family advised him not to lose hope. He didn’t want to disappoint anyone, especially himself, and began his project again. Another two days went by, and there was not a single drop of water coming from the well. He was completely tired, lost patience and went home thinking that everything was a waste of time. In case passers-by fell into the hole by mistake, he put a piece of wood which was the size of five fingers long near the unfinished well.
One night, a villager walked beside the well and hit his leg on that wood by mistake. This man became so annoyed that with all his frustration and anger he lifted the piece of wood, and with full energy threw the wood inside the well. The moment the man threw the wood, it went and hard hit the ground nearly three fingers deep.
Water sprang up(涌出) from the well as soon as the wood was hit down and rose to a certain level. When the farmer heard about this, he rushed to his well. Seeing water rising up from the well, he was too choked with emotion to speak. His eyes filled with tears as his hard work eventually paid off. He knew if he had a little more patience he would have succeeded earlier. He was delighted that it helped him realize one requires more patience in any task being accomplished.
17．What problem did the farmer face?
A．His fields were not enough. B．His fields were short of water.
C．He couldn’t get help from his wife. D．He couldn’t make money from fields.
18．Why did the farmer put a piece of wood near the unfinished well?
A．To ask for help from passers-by. B．To measure the depth of the well.
C．To test the water source of the well. D．To remind passers-by of possible danger.
19．Finally, the farmer realized that ________.
A．the villager fell into the hole B．the expert’s guidance was wrong
C．he needed more patience D．his family’s supports were useless
（2022·北京顺义·二模）How Music Changes Your Life

There was an amazing video I watched online the other day about a man playing the piano in the middle of the airport. And without a single ounce of communication, another guy randomly sat next to him and started playing along. Why would a person want to get involved in music? Here are four reasons.
Music helps you gain friends.
It didn’t matter who the people were, where they belonged to, or what their appearances were, the music that was being played had united them all. Even musicians who barely know one another have situations where they get together through music.
Music helps you find out who you are and what you’re meant to do.
Because I didn’t have much support in school, I often felt rather lonely. Without music to stir my thoughts and dig deep into my emotions, discovering what my passions were would have been nearly impossible. But after beginning my life as a musician it suddenly made life clearer. My decisions and thoughts became easier to understand and who I was began standing out. You see, when you play an instrument for a given time period, you stop questioning what keys you have to stroke next. Your fingers and hands are guided by your emotions and natural instincts.
Music has the uncanny ability to heal(治愈) you.
A key note I’ve taken while either playing an instrument or listening to others play theirs is that the melodies and beats are what help regulate your heart rate. This is why listening to classical or soft music can lower people’s anxieties and calm their nerves. Your brain responds to music by releasing the chemical dopamine(多巴胺), which is associated with(与……有关系) pleasure and relief. That is why music is repeatedly used to remedy negative emotions.
________
If you’re in a foreign country and you don’t know their native language very well, get a musical instrument and start busking(街头卖艺) on the street corner. Play something that will provide a soundtrack for a lazy Sunday in the park, and you just might find a friend or two who might help you out. Music has penetrated(渗入) everyone’s lives throughout history in every part of the world. Whether you live in the United States, Europe, Asia or Africa, music has shaped societies and histories.
20．What’s the writer of this passage?
A．A scientist. B．A teacher. C．A doctor. D．A musician.
21．The underlined word “remedy” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A．add B．improve C．create D．avoid
22．Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraph 5?
A．Music connects us all.
B．Music helps you learn native language.
C．Music makes us happier on the street corner.
D．Music provides a soundtrack for a lazy Sunday.
（2022·北京顺义·二模）
Do you know the proverb “no pains, no gains”? It gives the impression that we ought to be suffering while we study. It seems that the only way to know if we’re putting in enough work is how much hardship we bear. We are totally taken up with study, shutting ourselves away for a big exam. Is that necessarily true?
When we haven’t taken the time to come up with another idea, we just shut ourselves in a room with a book. It’s no surprise that we find revision boring and difficult. Just as children learn from playing, we can learn from doing, or at least from study techniques that interest us, rather than make us switch off. Shutting ourselves away can make us learn to hate studying, leading to a situation where, instead of being able to concentrate on our work, we are troubled by how unfair it is that we must study. This can be part of a vicious(恶性的) cycle that traps us into ineffective revision, or poor progress fueling(增加) further annoyance.
Thankfully, working in the company of other people really helps fight against that. We just need to learn how to deal with distractions(分心). It’s not necessary to avoid all company, just lazy company. They constantly try to keep others in conversation. While studying in the same room with someone who is ironing or working out is perfectly possible. Of course, it’s also a good idea to avoid the company of people involved in activities where you would rather be playing than studying. Working while sitting next to someone playing video games is most likely to end with a new high score game rather than productive revision.
If being around others means working in a noisy environment, a pair of headphones and some background music can block out noises. They also act as a psychological barrier, so that people think twice before interrupting you. Besides, we should know friends and family can lessen feelings of isolation. And connecting with other people makes us happy, so it’s important not to give that up and to make sure that we take the time to socialize.
23．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．Good ideas are needed in terms of progress.
B．Ways that interest us can lead to effective revision.
C．Shutting ourselves away can help concentrate on work.
D．Revision is interesting and easy with study techniques for certain.
24．According to Paragraph 3, the writer probably agrees that ________.
A．one should learn from certain activities that interest us
B．playing video games is helpful for an effective study
C．one shouldn’t study with the company of a video player
D．the more time one spends in playing games, the higher test scores one will get
25．In the writer’s opinion, if you study in a noisy environment, you should ________.
A．spend no time socializing B．give up others’ company at once
C．give signs of not wanting to be interrupted D．force yourself to be used to the environment
26．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A．To introduce an effective studying means. B．To encourage us to work as hard as possible.
C．To remind us to balance activities and study. D．To discuss the importance of family company.
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．A
【解析】本文讲述苏珊、杰克、安娜和大卫四个人各自的梦想和为了梦想成真各自的努力。
1．细节理解题。根据表格“Jack”及“My dream is to become a successful doctor”可知，杰克的梦想是成为一位医生。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据表格“David”及“I believe lawyers have a desire to help others, especially those who are unable to defend themselves”可知，大卫认为律师渴望成为律师，帮助其他人辩护。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据表格“Susan”及“It takes great patience and confidence. I hope that I will be able to go to college and become a real translator some day”可知，苏珊为了梦想成真需要有耐心要有自信。故选A。
4．A 5．C 6．A
【解析】本文主要讲述了阿尼尔通过自己的努力赚钱去参加烹饪营。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Culinary Academies of America presents Junior Cooking Camp. He had to go!”和第三段“I’ll make my dream come true. I need money for the cooking camp.”可知，阿尼尔看到烹饪营的海报以后，想办法赚钱，所以他的梦想是去参加烹饪营。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据第五段“‘No sweets. Too many sweets.’ He pointed toward some shelves with desserts from India.”可知，约翰先生拒绝了阿尼尔的饼干，因为他店里的甜食太多了。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第八段“Anil went back home with Nana. He didn’t want to give up his dream.”可知，阿尼尔被拒绝以后，不想放弃自己的梦想，说明他意志坚强；根据第八段“Why couldn’t he use cookie cutters on paratha dough?”和倒数第四段“Something new. And delicious.”可知，阿尼尔觉得传统的面包形状很无聊，所以他设计了新的形状，而且味道很好，说明他富有创造性，因此阿尼尔是有创造力且意志坚强的一个男孩。故选A。
7．D 8．D 9．A
【解析】本文主要介绍了阅读的好处。
7．细节理解题。根据“Read everything that you can at school, regardless of whether you find it interesting. Reading expands your vocabulary. Even a ‘boring’ text can teach you new words.”可知作者建议你在学校阅读所有的东西，因为你会学到更多的新单词。故选D。
8．细节理解题。根据“It can give you a wider perspective on things.”及“Therefore, reading can make you a more powerful person. You can learn to do new things by reading.”可知作者认为阅读开阔你的视野，使你成为一个更好的人。故选D。
9．标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了阅读的好处，用“Reading: Good for the Mind in Many Ways”做标题最合适。故选A。
10．D 11．C 12．C 13．B
【解析】本文主要讲Koko会使用手语，但有些人认为这只是个把戏。
10．主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知作者在这段中主要介绍了Koko和Dr. Patterson的背景信息。故选D。
11．细节理解题。根据“They argue that Koko does not really know what the sign apple means. She only knows that that if she makes the right motion, one which Dr. Patterson has shown her, then she gets an apple.”可知有些人认为Koko只会用手势来获取食物。故选C。
12．词义猜测题。根据“We don’t think that it would be ethical to do again.”及“She went on to argue that animals should not be kept in such unnatural circumstances.”可知Dr. Patterson认为动物不该被饲养在非自然环境中，其他科学家团队不应该再次像她一样让大猩猩学习手语，由此推出是不能复制她的做法，duplicated意为“复制，重复”。故选C。
13．主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知本文主要讲Koko会使用手语，但有些人认为这只是个把戏。故选B。
14．A 15．B 16．D
【解析】本文主要通过用流行电影中的角色，来帮助读者学习一些用以描述人物的有用的单词。
14．细节理解题。根据“Naive”中“In the film Elf...”可知，如果你想用“Naive”这个词来形容人，电影 Elf 会帮助你。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据“If you’re loyal, you always give support to a person or a group and help them and act honestly.”和“In the film Toy Story, Woody is loyal to his friends and owner..”可知，电影 Toy Story 中，Woody永远支持朋友。故选B。
16．细节理解题。根据“Talented Meaning: If you’re talented, you have a natural ability to do something well.”可知，“Talented”可以用来描述一个人天生有能力把某事做好。故选D。
17．B 18．D 19．C
【解析】本文主要通过一个农民挖水井的故事告诉我们做任何事都要有耐心。
17．细节理解题。根据“The only issue(问题) faced by the farmer was a lack of water for the fields”可知他面临的唯一问题是田地缺水。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“In case passers-by fell into the hole by mistake, he put a piece of wood which was the size of five fingers long near the unfinished well”可知以防路人误入洞中，他在未完工的井旁放了一块木头。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据“He knew if he had a little more patience he would have succeeded earlier”可知他知道如果他有更多的耐心，他会更早成功。故选C。
20．D 21．B 22．A
【解析】本文主要介绍了人们会被音乐吸引的四大原因。
20．细节理解题。根据“But after beginning my life as a musician it suddenly made life clearer.”可知，作者是一名音乐家。故选D。
21．词义猜测题。根据“Music has the uncanny ability to heal(治愈) you.”可知，音乐有神奇的治愈能力，结合“That is why music is repeatedly used to remedy negative emotions.”可知，音乐被用来改善消极情绪，划线单词与“improve”同义。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据“Music has penetrated(渗入) everyone’s lives throughout history in every part of the world. Whether you live in the United States, Europe, Asia or Africa, music has shaped societies and histories.”可知，本段主要讲的是音乐与每个人的联系，A项“音乐连接着我们所有人”最适合作为标题。故选A。
23．B 24．C 25．C 26．A
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章对习语“no pains, no gains”提出质疑，并认为积极的话语和积极的行为会给人们带来积极的影响，从而产生良好的学习效果。
23．推理判断题。根据“Just as children learn from playing, we can learn from doing, or at least from study techniques that interest us, rather than make us switch off.”可知，就像孩子们从玩耍中学习一样，我们也可以从实践中学习，或者至少从我们感兴趣的学习技巧中学习，而不是让我们停止学习。由此推知让我们感兴趣的方法可以导致有效的复习，故选B。
24．推理判断题。根据“Working while sitting next to someone playing video games is most likely to end with a new high score game rather than productive revision.”可知，坐在玩电子游戏的人旁边工作时，最有可能以一个新的高分游戏而不是富有成效的复习结束。所以作者不建议在游戏等令人分心的事情的陪伴下学习，故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据“If being around others means working in a noisy environment, a pair of headphones and some background music can block out noises. They also act as a psychological barrier, so that people think twice before interrupting you.”可知，如果和其他人在一起意味着在嘈杂的环境中工作，一副耳机和一些背景音乐可以屏蔽噪音。 它们也起到了心理障碍的作用，所以人们在打断你之前会三思。所以在作者看来，如果你在一个嘈杂的环境中学习，你应该表现出不希望被打扰的迹象，故选C。
26．主旨大意题。本文对习语“no pains, no gains”提出质疑，并认为积极的话语和积极的行为会给人们带来积极的影响，从而产生良好的学习效果。选项A“介绍一种有效的学习手段”符合主题，故选A。