(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 选择性必修第3册　Unit 5　Poems (含答案)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 选择性必修第3册　Unit 5　Poems (含答案)，共12页。




教材词汇要记牢
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1．rhythm n．节奏；韵律；规律
2．nursery adj.幼儿教育的 n．托儿所；保育室
3．mockingbird n．嘲鸫(美洲鸣禽，能模仿别种鸟的鸣叫)
4．brass n．黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器
5．billy goat n．公山羊
6．bull n．公牛
7．bee n．蜜蜂
8．dewdrop n．露珠；水珠
9．dawn n．黎明；开端；萌芽
10．clover n．三叶草
11．butterfly n．蝴蝶
12．lawn n．草坪，草地
13．cinquain n．五行诗
14．tease vi.& vt.取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄
15．haiku n．俳句
16．syllable n．音节
17．blossom n．花朵；花簇
18．await vt.等候；期待；将发生在
19．revolve vi.旋转；环绕；转动
20．utter vt.出声；说；讲 adj.完全的；十足的；彻底的
21．cherry n．樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色 adj.樱桃色的；鲜红色的
22．cherry blossom樱花
23．verse n．诗；韵文；诗节
24．prose n．散文
25．dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的
26．sonnet n．十四行诗
27．barren adj.贫瘠的；不结果实的
28．grief n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事
29．Shakespeare莎士比亚(英国剧作家、诗人)
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1．rhyme n．押韵词；押韵的短诗vi.& vt.(使)押韵
2．folk adj.民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的
3．diamond n．钻石；金刚石；菱形
4．amateur n．业余爱好者 adj.业余的；业余爱好的
5．mood n．情绪；心情；语气
6．format n．格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式 vt.格式化
7．delicate adj.精美的；精致的；脆弱的
8．comprehension n．理解力；领悟力；理解练习
9．shelf n．架子；搁板
10．core n．核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿
11．blank adj.空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的 n．空白；空格
12．civilian n．平民；老百姓
13．version n．版本；(从不同角度的)说法
14．era n．时代；年代；纪元
15．sow vt.& vi.播种；种
16．seed n．种子；起源；萌芽
17．deadline n．最后期限；截止日期
18．contest n．比赛；竞赛；竞争 vt.争取赢得(比赛、选举等)；争辩
19．polish vt.修改；润色；抛光n.上光剂；抛光；擦亮
20．string n．细绳；线；一串 vt.悬挂；系 adj.弦乐器的；线织的
21．wherever conj.在任何地方；在所有……的情况下 adv.(用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里
22．complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的
23．prejudice n．偏见；成见 vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见

Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1．drama n．戏；剧；戏剧艺术→dramatic adj.戏剧(性)的；突然的→dramatically adv.突然地；戏剧地；引人注目地
2．sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事vi.感到悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲哀的
3．imagery n．形象的描述；意象；像→image n．形象；印象
4．literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的→literature n．文学
5．recite vt.背诵；吟诵；列举→recitation n．背诵；逐一叙述
6．respectively adv.分别；各自；依次为→respective adj.分别的；各自的
7．sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的→sympathy n．同情；赞同
8．innocence n．天真；单纯；无罪→innocent adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的
9．correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系→correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信
10．variation n．变化；变体；变奏曲→vary vi.变化；不同→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化
11．racial adj.种族的；人种的→race n．竞赛；种族vi.& vt.(与……)赛跑；(与……)竞争
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．nursery rhyme 童谣；儿歌
2．be made up of 由……组成(构成)
高频词汇来助力
1．monument n．纪念碑；纪念物
2．moral adj.道德上的
3．motivation n．动机；动力
4．motto n．箴言；格言
5．mountainous adj.多山的
6．mouthful n．满口；一口
7．multiply vt.& vi.乘；(使)增加；繁殖
8．musician n．音乐家；乐师
经典句式需悟通
1．There are various reasons why people compose poetry.
人们创作诗歌有各种各样的原因。
2．The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.
原因是他们能感觉到爱的温暖、享受童年的纯真。
3．Tagore was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
泰戈尔是第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的亚洲人。
4．Wherever it blew，I should know that the wind had been going there，too.
无论向哪里吹，我都知道风也曾去过那里。


Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．rhythm n．节奏；韵律；规律
2．dawn n．黎明；开端；萌芽
3．butterfly n．蝴蝶
4．tease vi.& vt.取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄
5．syllable n．音节
6．blossom n．花朵；花簇
7．await vt.等候；期待；将发生在
8．utter vt.出声；说；讲 adj.完全的；十足的；彻底的
9．dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的
10．grief n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共24分)
11．folk adj.民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的
12．amateur n．业余爱好者 adj.业余的；业余爱好的
13．mood n．情绪；心情；语气
14．format n．格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式 vt.格式化
15．delicate adj.精美的；精致的；脆弱的
16．comprehension n．理解力；领悟力；理解练习
17．version n．版本；(从不同角度的)说法
18．deadline n．最后期限；截止日期
19．contest n．比赛；竞赛；竞争 vt.争取赢得(比赛、选举等)；争辩
20．polish vt.修改；润色；抛光n.上光剂；抛光；擦亮
21．complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的
22．prejudice n．偏见；成见 vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共12分)
23．sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事vi.感到悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲哀的
24．imagery n．形象的描述；意象；像→image n．形象；印象
25．literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的→literature n．文学
26．respectively adv.分别；各自；依次为→respective adj.分别的；各自的
27．innocence n．天真；单纯；无罪→innocent adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的
28．correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系→correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信
Ⅳ.高频词汇(每小题1分，共8分)
29．monument n．纪念碑；纪念物
30．moral adj.道德上的
31．motivation n．动机；动力
32．motto n．箴言；格言
33．mountainous adj.多山的
34．mouthful n．满口；一口
35．multiply vt.& vi.乘；(使)增加；繁殖
36．musician n．音乐家；乐师
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题4分，共8分)
37．nursery rhyme童谣；儿歌
38．be made up of由……组成(构成)

Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题1分，共8分)
1．The tournament is open to both amateurs(业余爱好者) and professionals.
2．The two newspapers gave different versions(版本) of what had happened.
3．The young boy decided to defeat the other students in the contest(竞赛)．
4．They were working hard in order not to miss the deadline(最后期限)．
5．The girl spent much time polishing the article before handing it in.
6．Our teacher asked us to read the text again and then fill in the blanks.
7．The problem is not as complicated as he imagined.
8．She had no comprehension(理解力) of what was involved.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．Our boss has sympathy for the poor，that is，he is sympathetic to people at a disadvantage.
(sympathy)
10．All the proof proved his innocence，so he was an innocent and straight man.(innocence)
11．The poems that he created were easy to recite(recite) and were popular with children.
12．Judging from her sorrowful eyes，I knew that her life was full of sorrows.(sorrow)
13．I take part in various activities，varying from playing basketball to dancing.(vary)
14．English literature，especially English fiction，is of great significance in the literary world.
(literature)
15．She corresponds regularly with her former teacher and their correspondences make them more familiar with each other.(correspond)
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共16分)
16．无可否认，中国有各种节日，其中春节最为突出。
There is no denying that there are a variety of festivals in China，among which the Spring Festival stands out.
17．人们庆祝端午节的原因是为了纪念屈原，一位伟大的中国诗人。
The reason why people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival is that they honor Qu Yuan，a great Chinese poet.
18．我总是第一个到教室，最后一个离开教室的人。
I’m always the first one to arrive at the classroom and the last one to leave the classroom.
19．将来无论我去哪里，我都会努力保护并丰富我们自己的传统文化。
Wherever I go in the future，I’ll make great efforts to preserve and enrich our own traditional culture.

Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
There are various reasons why people compose poetry.Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the readers’ mind.1.Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.Poets use many different forms of poetry 2.to express(express) themselves.Now we will look at a few of the simpler 3.forms(form)．Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes.The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory，but they are easy 4.to learn(learn) and recite.One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”，5.which contains a list of things，people，ideas or descriptions that develop a particular theme.Another simple form of poem is the cinquain 6.made(make) up of five lines.Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of seventeen syllables.It is not a 7.traditional(tradition) form of English poetry，but is very popular 8.with English writers.English speakers also enjoy poems from China，those from the Tang Dynasty in particular.A lot of Tang poetry 9.has been translated(translate) into English.With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may 10.eventually(eventual) want to write poems of your own.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分

There are two poems 1.written by H．W.Longfellow and William Blake 2.respectively.The first 3.poem，The Arrow and the Song，says that our sight couldn’t follow the arrow which flew so 4.swiftly and the song that we sang would stay in the heart of a friend.In the second poem，Night，we can sense the 5.shining evening stars.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事
vi.感到悲伤
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Much to my sorrow，all of my classmates teased my nursery rhyme，saying that it lacked rhythms.
(2)As a matter of fact，he daren’t look up to see her sorrowful(sorrow) eyes.
•to one’s sorrow让某人悲伤的是
•sorrow at/for/over sth.对某事感到悲伤
•sorrowful adj.悲伤的

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)出席会议的人都对他的离世感到悲伤。
The people present at the meeting sorrowed over his death.
(4)悲伤的泪水顺着脸颊往下流，我紧紧地拥抱着父亲，说道：“我又失败了。”(with复合结构)
With tears of sorrow rolling down my cheeks，I hugged my father tightly，saying，“I failed again.”
mood n.情绪；心情；语气
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)My two novels won the first prizes respectively in the contest，so I was in a good mood.
(2)Having finished a string of things，I am in the mood to walk(walk) on the lawn.
in a good/bad mood心情好/坏
be/feel in the mood for sth./to do sth.有心情做某事
be/feel in no mood for sth./to do sth.没有心情做某事

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)简心情如此好，她几乎要跳起来，眼里噙满了喜悦的泪水。(读后续写之喜乐心理描写)
Jane was in such a good mood that she almost jumped up and tears of happiness filled her eyes.
sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的

先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)As a sympathetic(sympathy) person，I have sympathy for civilians and the homeless.
(2)To tell you the truth，I am in sympathy with the way you polished the format of the article.
•be sympathetic to/towards...赞同某事；同情某人
•sympathy n．同情；赞成
have (no) sympathy for sb.(不)同情某人
in sympathy with...赞同/支持
with sympathy＝sympathetically adv.同情地

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)Meredith太太同情穷人，因此每当她有时间的时候，她都会给他们带来食物和药品。
(改编自2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)
①Mrs Meredith was sympathetic towards/to the poor，so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time.(sympathetic)
②Mrs Meredith had sympathy for the poor，so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time.(sympathy)
correspondence n.来往信件；通信联系
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中correspond的汉语意思
(1)My brother frequently corresponds with literary amateurs，who prefer drama and prose.通信
(2)Your complicated account does not correspond with hers.相符合；相一致
(3)The British job of Lecturer corresponds roughly to the US Associate Professor.相当于
•in correspondence with与……有通信联系；与……一致
•correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信
correspond with sb.与某人通信
correspond to相当于……；类似于……
correspond with/to与……一致；符合

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(4)只有当你言行一致时，你才能和其他人建立更好的关系。
①You can make better relationships with others only when what you do corresponds with what you say.
②Only when what you do corresponds with what you say can you make better relationships with others.(用倒装句改写)
不定式短语作后置定语
Tagore was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
泰戈尔是第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的亚洲人。
•句中不定式短语to win the Nobel Prize in Literature作后置定语，修饰the first Asian。
•英语中常用不定式短语作后置定语的情况：
①被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时；
②抽象名词way，chance，ability，courage，opportunity，wish等后常用不定式作定语；
③被修饰词前有the only，the very，the next等词对其进行修饰时。

能力提升——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(1)我能说一口流利的英语，我是班上第一个出国深造的学生。
I can speak fluent English and I am the first student in my class to go abroad for further study.
(2)我有能力使班级秩序井然，因为多年当班长的经验已经使我成为一个优秀的组织者。
I have the ability to keep the class in order because the experience of being a monitor for many years has made me a brilliant organizer.
wherever引导让步状语从句
Wherever it blew，I should know that the wind had been going there，too.
无论向哪里吹，我都知道风也曾去过那里。
•whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。
•whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句；在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
•“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。

能力提升——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(1)无论你何时需要帮助，我真诚地希望你能毫不犹豫地联系我。
Whenever/No matter when you need help，I sincerely hope that you can get in touch with me without hesitation.
(2)无论我多么忙，每天我都会匀出一些时间帮助来自美国的交换生学习汉语，并且告诉他们更多的中国习俗和传统。
However/No matter how busy I am，I will spare some time every day to help the exchange students from the USA with Chinese and tell them more about our customs and traditions.
(3)任何人触犯法律都会受到惩罚。
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.


提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．The teacher could tell by the blank look on Mary’s face that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture.茫然的
2．My tutor has offered many suggestions and comments on my paper and polished every page of my draft.润色
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．To my great sorrow，he turned down my application，saying that I wasn’t qualified.
2．My nephew organized an expedition which was made up of one navigator and nine sailors.
3．I was in a good mood because my loyal friend’s thorough guidance enabled me to win the first prize in the contest.
4．All the candidates for the position advertised in the newspaper must deliver a speech respectively(respective) on July 15.
5. Unfortunately，when I was faced with the rough task he assigned to me，my mind went(go) blank.
6．I had sympathy for Tom from the bottom of my heart，who was leading a miserable life full of adversities.
7．I often correspond with my former monitor，who is enthusiastic，genuine and full of vigour.
8．The innocent(innocence) smile on the steward’s face shone like a diamond.
9．My heart sank when I was teased(tease) by my cruel classmates.
10．He resolved to abandon my proposal，which didn’t correspond to/with his commitment.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
(话题写作之环境保护)
1．我们倡导建设低碳校园的原因是我们必须保护环境和地球。(The reason...is that...)
The reason why we advocate building a low-carbon campus is that we must protect the environment and the earth.
2．首先，我们应该骑自行车，这能够减少污染量。(定语从句)
Firstly，we should ride bicycles，which can reduce the amount of pollution.
3．第二，无论我们在哪里吃饭，都不应该浪费食物。(wherever)
Secondly，we shouldn’t waste any food wherever we have meals.
4．第三，任何最后离开教室的人应该关灯。(be＋序数词＋to do)
Thirdly，whoever is the last one to leave the classroom should turn off lights.
5．总之，这些措施容易实施。让我们现在行动起来吧。(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)
In a word，these measures are easy to carry out.Let’s take action right now.


请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：定语从句)

Being a literary amateur，Tom was fond of drama，prose，poems full of rhythms and folk stories.So there were a string of versions of literature in his book shelf.He often created nursery rhymes，whose core centered on lively animals，such as billy goats，bulls，bees and butterflies.They were within children’s 1.comprehension，so they were easy to recite.His imagery of sorrow，grief and good moods attracted 2.civilians and nobles，who often corresponded with him.Tom’s sister，Jane，was keen on various plants.At dawn she would appreciate 3.delicate blossoms，dewdrops on clovers and cherry blossoms.In spring，she would sow seeds,4.awaiting them to grow up.She was innocent and had great 5.sympathy for the poor.So she organized a team，which was made up of ten adults，to oppose racial prejudice in this modern era.All in all，Tom and Jane were successful in their 6.respective fields.

练基础——请用定语从句合并句子
1．Her son didn’t come at midnight.It made her worried.
→Her son didn’t come at midnight，which made her worried.
2．All the teachers and students will meet in the lecture hall.They met in the lecture hall last week.
→All the teachers and students will meet in the lecture hall，where they met last week.
技巧一点通
定语从句起形容词的作用，在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词。被修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词(who，whom，which，whose，that，as)和关系副词(when，where，why)。

提能力——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
体育俱乐部位于我们学校的体育馆，在那里每天下午放学后都举办各种各样的活动。在周末，那些热衷于体育赛事的学生可以使用它。每三周有三场比赛，这吸引了许多学生观看，并且丰富了我们的学校生活。
The sports club is located in our school’s gym，where a variety of activities are held every afternoon after school.At weekends，it is available to those students who/that are keen on sports events.There are three competitions every three weeks，which appeal to many students to watch and enrich our school life.