(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第三册 Unit 5 Poems (含答案)

Ⅰ.认阅读单词

1．rhythm n．节奏；韵律；规律

2．nursery adj.幼儿教育的 n．托儿所；保育室

3．nursery rhyme童谣；儿歌

4．mockingbird n．嘲鸫(美洲鸣禽，能模仿别种鸟的鸣叫)

5．brass n．黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器

6．billy goat n．公山羊

7．bull n．公牛

8．dewdrop n．露珠；水珠

9．clover n．三叶草

10．butterfly n．蝴蝶

11．lawn n．草坪，草地

12．cinquain n．五行诗

13．haiku n．俳句

14．syllable n．音节

15．blossom n．花朵；花簇 vi.发展成为

16．await vt.等候；期待；将发生在

17．revolve vi.旋转；环绕；转动

18．core n．核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿

19．cherry n．樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色 adj.樱桃色的；鲜红色的

20．cherry blossom樱花

21．verse n．诗；韵文；诗节

22．civilian n．平民；老百姓

23．prose n．散文

24．dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的

25．sonnet n．十四行诗

26．barren adj.贫瘠的；不结果实的

Ⅱ.记重点单词

1．rhyme n．押韵词；押韵的短诗 vi.& vt.(使)押韵

2．folk adj.民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的

3．diamond n．钻石；金刚石；菱形

4．bee n．蜜蜂

5．dawn n．黎明；开端；萌芽

6．amateur n．业余爱好者 adj.业余的；业余爱好的

7．mood n．情绪；心情；语气

8．tease vi.& vt.取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄

9．format n．格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式 vt.格式化

10．delicate adj.精美的；精致的；脆弱的

11．utter vt.出声；说；讲 adj.完全的；十足的；彻底的

12．comprehension n．理解力；领悟力；理解练习

13．shelf n．(pl.shelves)架子；搁板

14．blank adj.空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的 n．空白；空格

15．version n．版本；(从不同角度的)说法

16．era n．时代；年代；纪元

17．sow vt.& vi.(sowed，sown/sowed)播种；种

18．seed n．种子；起源；萌芽

19．deadline n．最后期限；截止日期

20．contest n．比赛；竞赛；竞争 vt.争取赢得(比赛、选举等)；争辩

21．polish vt.修改；润色；抛光 n．上光剂；抛光；擦亮

22．string n．细绳；线；一串 vt.(strung，strung)悬挂；系 adj.弦乐器的；线织的

23．wherever conj.在任何地方；在所有……的情况下 adv.(用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里

24．grief n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事

25．complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的

26．prejudice n．偏见；成见 vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见

Ⅲ.知拓展单词

1．drama n．戏；剧；戏剧艺术→dramatic adj.戏剧(性)的；突然的→dramatically adv.突然地；戏剧地；引人注目地

2．sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲哀的

3．imagery n．形象的描述；意象；像→image n．形象；印象

4．literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的→literature n．文学

5．recite vt.背诵；吟诵；列举→recitation n．背诵；逐一叙述

6．respective adj.分别的；各自的→respectively adv.分别；各自；依次为

7．sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的→sympathy n．同情；赞同

8．innocent adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的→innocence n．天真；单纯；无罪

9．correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系→correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信

10．variation n．变化；变体；变奏曲→vary vi.变化；不同→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化

11．racial adj.种族的；人种的→race n．竞赛；种族 vi.& vt.(与……)赛跑；(与……)竞争

Ⅳ.背核心短语

1．be made up of 由……组成(构成)

2．to the point切题

3．make sense有意义；讲得通

4．consist of由……组成/构成

5．be popular with受……的欢迎

6．in particular尤其；特别

7．of one’s own 属于自己的

8．pay attention to注意

9．keep up with跟上，赶上

10．be based on以……为基础

1．monument n．纪念碑；纪念物

2．moral adj.道德上的

3．motivation n．动机；动力

4．motto n．箴言；格言

5．mountainous adj.多山的

6．mouthful n．满口；一口

7．multiply vt.& vi.乘；(使)增加；繁殖

8．musician n．音乐家；乐师

1．There are various reasons why people compose poetry. (why引导的定语从句)

人们创作诗歌有各种各样的原因。

2．By playing with the words in nursery rhymes，children learn about language.(by doing...)

通过玩童谣中的文字游戏，孩子们学习了语言。

3．With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may eventually want to write poems of your own.(with的复合结构)

有了这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，你最终也许想自己作诗了。

4．The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.(The reason is that...)

原因是他们能够感受到爱的温暖，享受到童年的天真。

5．Browning was sure about his love，so he found a way to visit her，and immediately convinced her to become his bride.(so连接的并列句)

布朗宁确信自己爱她，因此他找到了一个方法去拜访她，并且立即说服她成为自己的新娘。

6．Poetry should always be read aloud，as that is when you can hear the music of the words.(when引导的表语从句)

(你)总是应该大声朗读诗歌，因为那是你能听到词汇之美的时候。

请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。

Being a literary amateur，Tom was fond of drama，prose，poems full of rhythms and folk stories.So there were a string of versions of literature in his book shelf.He often created nursery rhymes，whose core centered on lively animals，such as billy goats，bulls，bees and butterflies.They were within children’s 1.comprehension，so they were easy to recite.His imagery of sorrow，grief and good moods attracted 2.civilians and nobles，who often corresponded with him.Tom’s sister，Jane，was keen on various plants.At dawn she would appreciate 3.delicate blossoms，dewdrops on clovers and cherry blossoms.In spring，she would sow seeds，4.awaiting them to grow up.She was innocent and had great 5.sympathy for the poor.So she organized a team，which was made up of ten adults，to oppose racial prejudice in this modern era.All in all，Tom and Jane were successful in their 6.respective fields.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇

sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤(sorrowful adj.悲伤的)

(1)As a matter of fact，my nephew daren’t look up to see my sorrowful(sorrow) eyes.

(2)出席会议的人都对他的离世感到悲伤。

The people present at the meeting sorrowed over/at/for his death.

(3)悲伤的泪水顺着脸颊往下流，我紧紧地拥抱着父亲，说道：“我又失败了。”(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)(with复合结构)

With tears of sorrow rolling down my cheeks，I hugged my father tightly，saying，“I failed again.”

mood n．情绪；心情；语气

(1)Having finished a string of things，I am in the mood to walk(walk) on the lawn.

(2)简心情如此好，以致她几乎要跳起来，眼里噙满了喜悦的泪水。(读后续写之喜乐心理描写)

Jane was in such a good mood that she almost jumped up，tears of happiness filling her eyes.

sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的(sympathy n．同情；赞成)

(1)To tell you the truth，I am in sympathy with the way you polished the format of the article.

(2)Meredith太太同情穷人，因此每当她有时间的时候，她都会给他们带来食物和药品。(改编自2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)

①Mrs Meredith was sympathetic towards/to the poor，so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time.(sympathetic)

②Mrs Meredith had sympathy for the poor，so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time.(sympathy)

correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系(correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信)

(1)The editor welcomes correspondence(correspond) from readers on any subject.

(2)只有当你言行一致时，你才能和其他人建立更好的关系。

①You can make better relationships with others only when what you do corresponds with what you say.

②Only when what you do corresponds with what you say can you make better relationships with others.(用倒装句改写)

　 There are various reasons why people compose poetry.

人们创作诗歌有各种各样的原因。

(1)我渴望这个职位的原因是我能够帮助外国人更好地理解中国文化。

The reason why/for which I am starving for the position is that I can help foreigners have a better understanding of Chinese culture.

(2)他提供给我们的理由是他的汽车在回家的路上抛锚了。

The reason (that/which) he offered us is that his car broke down on the way home.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇

Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍

1．delicate

(1)The wine has a dry delicate flavour.  C 

(2)The ring had a very delicate design.  B 

(3)Faced with such a delicate international situation，we should be careful and brave.  D 

(4)The eye is one of the most delicate organs of the body.  A 

2．correspond

(1)My brother frequently corresponds with literary amateurs，who prefer drama and prose.  B 

(2)Your complicated account does not correspond with hers.  C 

(3)The British job of Lecturer corresponds roughly to the US Associate Professor.  A 

3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思

(1)The teacher could tell by the blank look on Mary’s face that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture.茫然的

(2)My tutor has offered many suggestions and comments on my paper and polished every page of my draft.润色

(3)That small fishing village has now blossomed into an important port.发展成为

Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识

1．To my great sorrow，he turned down my application，saying that I wasn’t qualified.

2．My nephew organized an expedition which was made up of one navigator and nine sailors.

3．I was in a good mood because my loyal friend’s thorough guidance enabled me to win the first prize in the contest.

4．All the candidates for the position advertised in the newspaper must deliver a speech respectively(respective) on July 15.

5.Unfortunately，when I was faced with the rough task he assigned to me，my mind went(go) blank.

6．I had sympathy for Tom from the bottom of my heart，who was leading a miserable life full of adversities.

7．I often correspond with my former monitor，who is enthusiastic，genuine and full of vigour.

8．The innocent(innocence) smile on the steward’s face shone like a diamond.

9．My heart sank when I was teased(tease) by my cruel classmates.

10．He decided to leave school for various(vary) reasons.

Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练

话题写作之环境保护

1．我们倡导建设低碳校园的原因是我们必须保护环境和地球。(The reason is that...)

The reason why we advocate building a low-carbon campus is that we must protect the environment and the earth.

2．首先，我们可以通过骑自行车减少污染量。(by doing)

Firstly，we can reduce the amount of pollution by riding bicycles.

3．其次，无论我们在哪里吃饭，都不应该浪费食物。(wherever)

Secondly，we shouldn’t waste any food wherever we have meals.

4．第三，最后离开教室的人应该关灯。(be＋序数词＋to do)

Thirdly，the last one to leave the classroom should turn off the lights.

5．总之，这些措施容易实施，因此，让我们立刻行动起来吧。(so连接的并列句)

In a word，these measures are easy to carry out，so let’s take action right now.

Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练

教材续写语料

1．情感描写

mood n．情绪；心情；语气

grief n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事

sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤

sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的→sympathy n．同情；赞同

innocence n．天真；单纯；无罪

2．动作描写

blossom n．花朵；花簇 vi.发展成为

await vt.等候；期待；将发生在

tease vi.& vt.取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄

utter vt.出声；说；讲

blank adj.空白的；没表情的→go blank变成一片空白

3．环境描写

dawn n．黎明；开端；萌芽

续写语料运用

请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。

当老师在课堂上提问我问题时，我的大脑突然一片空白。我的嘴唇翕动着，但是一个字也说不出来。令我非常悲伤的是，其他学生哄堂大笑，毫无同情心地嘲笑我。我悲痛欲绝，满脸窘得通红。我垂下眼帘，等待着老师的批评。但老师却柔声安慰我：“别紧张。通过努力，你会成长为一名好学生的。”老师脸上像钻石一样闪闪发光的笑容驱散了我糟糕的情绪。

When my teacher asked me a question in class，my mind suddenly went blank.I kept moving my lips but couldn’t utter a word.To my great sorrow，other students exploded with laughter，teasing me without sympathy.I was overcome with grief，my face flushing with embarrassment.I dropped my eyes down，awaiting my teacher’s criticism.But my teacher comforted me gently，“Take it easy.You can blossom into a good student with great efforts.” The smile on my teacher’s face shone like a diamond，which drove away my bad mood.