高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration学案设计

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration学案设计，文件包含Part2docx、Part1docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共109页， 欢迎下载使用。
Part 2　Listening and Talking,Reading for Writing,Assessing Your Progress


1.主题语境:人与自然——探索宇宙奥秘
2.语篇类型:议论文
3.课文内容分析:本文主要论述了太空探索是否值得付出那么多的金钱和努力的问题。一些人认为这是浪费时间和金钱,但也有人认为探索太空对我们的生活有极大的帮助。作者从三个方面论述了探索太空给世界带来了许多不同的好处。因此,它应该继续下去,以便为人们的短期和长期问题提供新的、更好的解决办法。


答案:1.shallow　2.made a difference　3.promoted　4.(to) think about　5.continue


1.Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.(教材第44页)
一部分人认为,我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索太空。
◆argue vt.& vi.论证;争辩;争论
We’re always arguing with each other about some questions.
我们彼此总是为一些问题争辩。
They argued for the right to vote.
他们据理力争选举权利。
[备用例句]
①We had an argument with the waiter about the bill.
我们和服务员就账单发生了争吵。
②I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.(2019天津卷,阅读理解B)
我认为任何抽象的东西都有太多的争论空间。



单句语法填空
①Tom has been arguing 　　　　 his brother about where they should go for their holidays. 
②Robert argued 　　　　 reducing his pocket money every month. 
③You should solve the problem by 　　　　(argue),not by fight. 
④We tried to argue her into 　　　　 (join) us in helping the homeless. 
答案:①with　②against　③argument ④joining
2.It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth.(教材第44页)
如今环绕地球运行的众多卫星都直接归功于太空探索。
◆result in导致;造成
His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
他的努力使1 360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。
It’s said that this kind of drug can result in injury to the liver.
据说这种药会造成肝脏损害。
[备用例句]
The big fire resulted from gas leak.
大火起因于煤气泄漏。


图解result in与result from


单句语法填空
①The breakthrough in the field of astronomy results 　　　　 the efforts of the scientists. 
②The heavy rain last week resulted 　　　　 big flood in the area. 
③People have better access to health care than they used to,and they’re living longer as 　　　　 result. 
④About 21 million people died during the 1990s as a result 　　　　 smoking. 
答案:①from　②in　③a　④of
3.After careful analysis,the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers.(教材第44页)
经过仔细的分析,科学家们可以为农民提供有用的建议和意见。
◆provide sth.for sb.(=provide sb. with sth.)为某人提供某物
Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.(2019全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解A)
暑期公司为学生提供实践业务培训,并提供高达3 000美元的奖金,让他们开始并经营自己的暑期业务。
It’s the peasants who provide us with grain and vegetables.
=It’s the peasants who provide grain and vegetables for us.
是农民为我们提供粮食和蔬菜。

provide for 为固定短语,有两个常见意思:
①为……做准备(=make preparations for)。
How can everyone provide for unexpected events?
对于意外之事,怎么可能每个人都有所准备呢?
②供养(=supply with the necessary things of life)。
He has five children and a wife to provide for.
他要供养妻子和5个孩子。



单句语法填空
①We will be provided 　　　　 food and drink there. 
②Our country provides all the desks and books 　　　　 the children free of charge. 
完成句子
③我们来这里是为公众服务。
We are here to 　. 
=We are here to 　. 
④吉姆已经为这样的突发事件做好了准备。
Jim had 　　　　　　　　 just such an emergency. 
答案:①with　②for　③provide services for the public;provide the public with services　④provided for
4.Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.(教材第44页)
看着我们星球的照片,犹如黑色汪洋大海中的一个小岛,人们意识到我们星球的资源是有限的。
◆limited adj.有限的
We had only limited communication with the natives.
我们与本地人的交往有限。
Families are limited to four free tickets each.
每户限发四张免费票。
[备用例句]
①There is no limit to how much fresh fruit you can eat in a day.
你一天内能吃多少新鲜水果并无上限。
②I’ve limited myself to 1,000 calories a day to lose weight.
为了减肥,我每天限制自己摄入1 000卡路里的热量。



单句语法填空
①I’m willing to help,within 　　　　(limit) you to realise your dream of becoming an astronaut. 
②We are doing our best with the 　　　　(limit) resources available. 
③I’ve found that the possibilities that lie within books are 　　　　(limit). 
④This way you have more options in your career because you aren’t limited 　　　　 just one field. 
答案:①limits　②limited　③limitless　④to
5.It is necessary to find a new home for people in space,as the resources on Earth will run out.(教材第45页)
由于地球上的资源将耗尽,有必要在太空中为人们找一个新家。
◆run out耗尽;用完
After two hours’ walk,my strength completely ran out.
走了两个小时后,我的力气完全耗尽了。
If they run out of certain daily necessities,Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed.(2019北京卷,完形填空)
如果他们用完了某些生活必需品,威尔逊将开车到最近的商店去购买所需要的东西。

run out和run out of 两个短语都有“用完”的意思,但用法不同。run out作不及物动词短语,表示“(物)被用完;(物)被耗尽”,主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词;run out of则是及物动词短语,表示“(人)用完某物;(人)耗尽某物”,主语是人。
He has run out of the red ink.
他的红墨水用完了。
The power of my cell phone has run out.
我手机的电量耗尽了。



选词填空(用run out/run out of/use up/give out)
①We have 　　　　　　　　　　 coal,and have to burn wood. 
②Soon his patience 　　　　　　　　 and he burst into anger. 
答案:①run out of/used up　②ran out/gave out
6.While sleeping,they must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating around.(教材第46页)
睡觉时,他们必须把自己绑在什么东西上,以防止到处漂浮。
◆attach vt.系;绑;贴;认为有重要性
Please attach these labels to your hand luggage.
请把这些标签贴在您的手提行李上。
I will attach a document to the letter.
我将把文件附在信中。
[备用例句]
①He is deeply attached to the old camera.
他非常喜欢那个旧相机。
②This middle school is attached to a normal college.
这所中学附属于一所师范学院。
③Parents attach much importance to education.
父母认为教育很重要。



以上attach短语中的to均为介词,后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

单句语法填空
①We must attach great importance 　　　　 the development of space research. 
完成句子
②海伦在礼物中附上了一张便条,以表达对主人的感谢。
Helen expressed her thanks to the host by 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the gift. 
③因为写作在我们的学业表现中起着重要的作用,所以我们重视写作是明智的。
It is wise for us 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 writing,because it plays an important role in our academic performance. 
④这个小女孩非常喜欢她的英语老师。
The little girl 　　　　　　　　　　　　 her English teacher. 
答案:①to　②attaching a note to　③to attach importance to　④is attached to

Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions,whether to Mars or other planets much further away.(教材第44页)
世界各国正在投入数十亿美元的资金和大量时间执行各种太空任务,无论是去火星还是更远的星球。
◆whether...or...不管……还是……
He seemed undecided whether to go or stay.
他似乎还没有决定去留。
Whether true or false,the story is interesting.
不管是真是假,这个故事很有趣。



完成句子
①这一想法能否付诸实践还有待观察。
It remains to be seen 　　　　　　　　　 this idea can be put into practice. 
②最终这个点子是好还是坏,我们会弄清楚的。
　　　　 it turns out to be a good idea 　　　　 a bad idea,we’ll find out. 
答案:①whether or not　②Whether;or

1.However,others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.(教材第44页)
然而,另一部分人认为这是一种肤浅的观点,没有认识到探索太空给我们带来的好处。
本句是一个主从复合句,包含两个宾语从句和一个定语从句。第一个从句this is a shallow view...是宾语从句,作动词feel的宾语;第二个从句which fails to realise...是定语从句,修饰名词view;第三个从句how exploring space helps us为宾语从句,作realise的宾语。

单句情境写作
①然而,60%的同学觉得学生带手机上学不好,这已经成为家长不知道该怎么处理的问题了。



②然而,有不少人觉得这是一个不实用的计划,它没有意识到环保对我们有多重要。



③我觉得这是一个没能意识到父母的陪伴对孩子有多重要的观点。




答案:①However,60 percent of students think it is not good for students to bring mobile phones to school,which has become a problem that parents don’t know how to deal with.
②However,quite a few people think this is an impractical plan,which fails to realise how important environmental protection is to us.
③I think this is a point of view that fails to realise how important parental company is to children.
2.As a result,space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth’s increasing population.(教材第44页)
因此,基于太空的科学有助于提高农业产量,从而为地球上不断增长的人口提供充足的食物。
本句是一个简单句,包含有两个动词不定式短语to grow enough food和to feed Earth’s increasing population。其中第一个动词不定式to grow enough food作定语,修饰名词efforts;第二个动词不定式to feed Earth’s increasing population作状语,表示前面grow enough food的目的。

单句情境写作
①为了养活一家人而更加辛苦工作,她的努力得到了回报。



②他早起是为了定期锻炼,以达到强身健体的目的。



答案:①Her efforts to work harder to support her family paid off.
②He rises early in an effort to work out regularly to build up his strength.
3.High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration.(教材第44页)
由于采用了先进的技术,如今全球高端产品的生产标准提高了,而这些技术最初是为了满足太空探索的要求而研制出来的。
本句是一个主从复合句。定语从句which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration修饰先行词advanced technology。

单句情境写作
①他们在校园里种了各种各样的花,这成了校园的一道靓丽的风景线。



②他们在高考的最后一天画了一幅最后发表在校报上的英语老师的肖像。



③在她伤心的时候,她的数学老师对她说了她将永远珍惜的话语。



答案:①They planted all kinds of flowers in the campus which/that became a beautiful scenery of the campus.
②On the last day of the college entrance examination,they drew a picture of their English teacher which/ that was finally published in the school newspaper.
③When she was sad,her math teacher said the words to her that/which she will cherish forever.
1.Firstly,exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. (教材第44页)
首先,太空探索已经在对抗世界性的饥荒中发挥了重要作用。
◆make a difference 对……产生影响;有意义
...others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference. (2020浙江7月卷,阅读理解B)
……其他城市交通堵塞如此严重,只有大幅减少道路上的汽车数量才能起有意义的作用。
Changing schools made a big difference to my life.
转学对我的一生有着重大影响。



单句语法填空
①Whatever you can do can make a 　　　　(different). 
②What she says will make no difference 　　　　 our plan. 
完成句子
③It 　　　　　　　　　　　　(对你没有影响),but it does to me. 
答案:①difference　②to　③makes no difference to you
2....other machines that doctors regularly use. (教材第44页)
……医生经常使用的其他设备。
◆regularly adv. 经常地;定期地
I go there quite regularly.
我经常去那儿。
Take the medicine regularly three times a day.
定时吃药,每天三次。



单句语法填空
①There are two main sets of Games—the Winter and the Summer Olympics,and both are held every four years 　　　　 a regular basis.  
②If you want to keep fit,you can exercise 　　　　(regular)in a gym. 
答案:①on　②regularly


An argumentative essay about space exploration

1.文体类型:议论文。
2.要点内容:
(1)就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这一话题进行讨论;
(2)从正反两方面进行论述;
(3)阐明自己的观点。



1.首段常用句式:
Different people have different ideas about ...
对于……不同的人有不同的观点。
I hold the view that ...
我认为……
Different people look at the question in different ways.
不同的人对这个问题有不同的看法。
Recently we have had a heated discussion on whether...or not.
最近我们就是否……进行了热烈的讨论。
According to a recent survey,...
依照最近的一项调查,……
Opinions are divided on the question.
在这个问题上意见有分歧。
Every coin has two sides.
事物都有两面性。
2.中段常用句式:
60% of the people hold the view that ...
百分之六十的人认为……
I think there are many advantages in exploring space.First...Second...
我认为探索太空有很多优点。第一,……第二,……
On the other hand,the rest of the people are against ...
另一方面,其余的人反对……
Generally speaking,its advantages can be seen as follows.
一般来说,它的优点如下。
Some students are for the idea,while others think otherwise.
一些学生赞成这个想法,而另一些人则不这么认为。
However,there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.
然而,有很多人对这个事情持不同的看法。
Some hold the view that...while others think that...
有些人认为……,然而另一些人认为……
3.尾段常用句式:
I hold the belief that ...
我坚信……
I think we should ...
我认为我们应该……
From my point of view,...
在我看来,……
Therefore,we can draw the conclusion that...
因此,我们可以得出结论……

最近,你班同学就“人类是否应该进行太空探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索太空不仅能让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活;也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力、物力,影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以上情况用英语写一篇报告,并发表自己的观点。
注意:写作词数应为80左右。







Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　　　　　　　 是否…… 
2.　　　　　　　　 探索太空 
3.　　　　　　　　 弄清楚;弄明白 
4.　　　　　　　　 争论/争辩…… 
5.　　　　　　　　 给某人提供某物 
答案:1.whether...or not　2.explore space/ space exploration　3.figure out　4.argue that...　5.provide sb.with sth./provide sth.for sb.
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
完成句子
1.最近,我们就这个问题进行了热烈的讨论。
Recently,we have 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　about the problem. 
2.一些人认为,太空探索能让我们弄清宇宙是如何发展的。
Some people hold the view that space exploration will enable us to 　　　　　　　　 how the universe develops. 
3.另一些人争辩道,我们应该停止探索太空。
Other people 　　　　　　　　 we should stop exploring space. 
4.它花费太多的时间和金钱。
It costs 　　　　　　　　 time and money. 
5.它可以为世界提供许多不同的好处。
It can 　　　　 the world 　　　　 many different benefits. 
6.它还可以解决人们的短期和长期问题。
It can also 　　　　 people’s short-term and long-term problems. 
答案:1.held a heated discussion　2.figure out　3.argue that　4.too much　5.provide;with 6.solve

1.将第3、第4句用原因状语从句连接。


2.将第5、第6句用not only...but also...合并。


答案:1.Other people argue that we should stop exploring space because it costs too much time and money.
2.It can not only provide the world with many different benefits,but can also solve people’s short-term and long-term problems.

Recently,we have held a heated discussion about the problem whether mankind should explore space or not.Different people have different opinions about it.
Some people hold the view that space exploration will not only enable us to figure out how the universe develops but also help farming to grow more food and apply the new advanced technology to our lives.However,other people argue that we should stop exploring space because it costs too much time and money.
From my point of view,it is very necessary for humans to explore space.It can not only provide the world with many different benefits,but can also solve people’s short-term and long-term problems.

近日,“是否应该加强中小学劳动教育”这一话题在校园中引发了热议。请你根据下面表格中的内容,给校报写一篇英语短文。


















学生的观点
一部分学生认为:劳动教育有助于身体健康
另一部分学生认为:劳动教育占用学习时间,影响成绩
你的观点
……
　　注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。







　　One possible version:
Recently,there is a heated discussion on whether students should be given labour education at school.
As for students,opinions are divided.On one hand,some students think that it will be of great benefit to their health,enabling them to get into shape. On the other hand,some students hold the view that this kind of education will take up their time,which will be spent studying.What’s more,it will have a negative effect on their grades.
As far as I’m concerned,students definitely should receive labour education so that they’ll value more what labour brings about.
课时作业(八)　UNIT 4　Part 2

Ⅰ.语境填词
1.In her spare time,she 　　　　(regular) took her son to the museums. 
2.To be honest,a lot of people attach great importance to 　　　　(become) rich and famous. 
3.They provided some necessary support 　　　　 the sufferers. 
4.So from the 　　　　(globe) perspective,it is very important. 
5.He gave up without 　　　　(argue). 
6.There are many kinds of 　　　　(resource) like coal,tungsten,oil,and copper. 
7.Henry is a man of 　　　　(limit)ability,so the manager won’t allow him to take charge of the department. 
8.At the 　　　　(close) ceremony,they gave us a wonderful performance. 
9.As far as I’m concerned,what he said will result 　　　　 his complete change in his attitude to life. 
10.What can we do with our money running 　　　　?  
答案:1.regularly　2.becoming　3.for　4.global 5.argument　6.resources　7.limited 8.closing　9.in　10.out
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1.河流的污染导致饮用水不安全。
The pollution of the river has 　　　　　　　　 unsafe drinking water. 
2.他靠卖报纸养活了这么一个大家庭。
He himself 　　　　　　　　 such a big family by selling newspapers. 
3.我们不能在六个月后就把钱花光。
We cannot just 　　　　　　　　　　　　 six months later. 
4.最后,我祝愿今晚的音乐会成功,祝大家度过一个美好的夜晚!
　　　　　　　　,I wish the concert a great success and wish all of you a pleasant evening! 
5.我认为这项研究十分重要。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 this research. 
答案:1.resulted in　2.provides for　3.run out of money　4.In closing　5.attach great importance to

Ⅰ.阅读理解
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.The microorganisms (微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station,so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids.But not just any kids.It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms,like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport,New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.For the past two years,Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity,and they think they’re close to a solution(解决方案).“We don’t give the students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASA engineers,”says Florence Gold,a project manager.
“There are no tests,”Gordon says.“There is no graded homework.There almost are no grades,other than‘Are you working towards your goal?’Basically,it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then,at the end of the year,present it to NASA’.Engineers come and really do an in-person review,and...it’s not a very nice thing at times.It’s a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH programme has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills.“These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.I don’t teach.”And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem,readying a workable solution to test in space.
1.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?
A.They are hard to get rid of.
B.They lead to air pollution.
C.They appear in different forms.
D.They damage the instruments.
2.What is the purpose of the HUNCH programme?
A.To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
B.To sharpen students’communication skills.
C.To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D.To link space technology with school education.
3.What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the programme?
A.Check their product.
B.Guide project designs.
C.Adjust work schedules.
D.Grade their homework.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.NASA:The Home of Astronauts
B.Space:The Final Homework Frontier
C.Nature:An Outdoor Classroom
D.HUNCH:A College Admission Reform
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文,介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的联合科研项目,解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。阅读本文,有利于培养学生积极探索、努力解决问题的意识。
答案及剖析:
1.A　推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第一段中的“The microorganisms(微生物)...cleaning them up each week.”可知,来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面增长得很快,宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们。由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除。故选A。
2.D　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段的第一句“HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.”可知,HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起。故选D。
3.A　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第三段的最后两句“Engineers come and really do an in-person review...It’s a hard business review of your product.”可知,NASA工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的产品。故选A。
4.B　标题归纳题。考查学生理解和概括主旨要义的能力。本文主要介绍了一个项目:把高中的教室教学与太空的研究联系起来,使学生们得到NASA工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空,还要有学生,而选项B将其完美地结合了起来。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
As a young child,I lacked confidence,mainly because of my foot defect(缺陷).I was 　1　 about it by being called penguin.It made me feel ignored.It was not until I moved to a new place that a(n)　2　 happened in my life.This move was important 　3　 here I could have a fresh start. 
My 　4　 life started when I met my best friend who was the reason I 　5　 social loneliness.He helped me by being a friend in 　6　.Someone who you can trust will 　7　 when you come to them with a problem.Unfortunately,however hard I tried,I could not get rid of my shame.This is when I learnt some things never change.I was 　8　 enough to have one friend to help me survive. 
I came to 　9　 that I don’t want others to feel 　10　 and left out.I started by becoming more easy-going and open.I 　11　 at people to show I was friendly.Finally,I not only helped people who were left out,but also helped myself by 　12　 more friends and grew more as a person.I 　13　 more when I finally accepted my name and defect for what they were. 
This experience changed my view on life.Life is to give everyone a 　14　 to overcome(克服).Everyone eventually has to 　15　 life as it is. 
1.A.curious B.confused
C.amused D.uncomfortable
2.A.duty B.change
C.effect D.trouble
3.A.before B.until
C.because D.when
4.A.awful B.strange
C.interesting D.new
5.A.satisfied B.survived
C.developed D.received
6.A.need B.pain
C.advance D.danger
7.A.wake B.live
C.stay D.understand
8.A.lucky B.disappointed
C.dull D.talented
9.A.research B.realise
C.explore D.demand
10.A.helpful B.lively
C.friendly D.lonely
11.A.stared B.pointed
C.smiled D.laughed
12.A.hunting B.making
C.treating D.spreading
13.A.followed B.cleared
C.grew D.held
14.A.challenge B.favour
C.test D.threat
15.A.replace B.accept
C.resist D.reward
语篇导读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者是一位脚有缺陷的人,被其他人称为“企鹅”,作者为此感到很苦恼。但是作者通过搬到新地方并交到新朋友,而改变了自己对生活的态度——每个人最终都必须接受生活本来的样子。阅读本文,有利于培养学生正视真实的自己、做更好的自己、勇敢面对自己缺陷的意识。
文章脉络

答案及剖析:
1.D　根据上文的“As a young child,I lacked confidence,mainly because of my foot defect(缺陷).”和下文的“about it by being called penguin”可知,作者因脚有缺陷而被称为“企鹅”,对作者来说这是一件难过的事情,对此他应是感到很不舒服、不自在(uncomfortable)。
2.B　根据上文“It made me feel ignored.”及设空处所在句“It was not until I moved to a new place that a(n)　2　 happened in my life.”可知,作者在搬去新地方之前感觉自己都是被忽视的,直到作者搬到一个新的地方,才发生了变化(change)。设空处所在句与上文是转折关系。 
3.C　根据上文可知,作者直到搬到一个新的地方,生活才发生了变化,因为在那里作者可以有新的开始。设空处应是对上文进行解释说明,构成因果关系。故选because。
4.D　根据上文“here I could have a fresh start(在这里我可以有新的开始)”可知,此处应是指“我的新(new)生活开始了”。
5.B　根据设空处所在句“My 　4　 life started when I met my best friend who was the reason I 　5　 social loneliness.”以及本段最后一句“I was 　8　 enough to have one friend to help me survive.”可知,作者遇到一个重要的朋友,让他开始了新的生活,不再像以前一样被忽略,活在孤独中。说明这个朋友应是帮助他从孤独中活(survived)过来。 
6.A　根据上文“I met my best friend who was the reason I 　5　 social loneliness”可知,作者的这位朋友将作者从孤独中拯救出来,在他需要(need)时成为他的朋友,并帮助他克服社交困难。 
7.D　根据上文的“Someone who you can trust”以及下文的“when you come to them with a problem”可知,一个你能信任的人,说明他是支持你的,当你有困难去找他,他会给予理解(understand)。
8.A　根据下文的“to have one friend to help me survive”可知,有一个朋友帮助他挺过来,对于作者来说应是幸运的(lucky)。
9.B　根据上文“I was 　8　 enough to have one friend to help me survive.”及下文“I don’t want others to feel 　10　 and left out”“I started by becoming more easy-going and open.”可知,作者很幸运,得到了朋友的帮助,使他从社交困难中挺了过来,因此改变了自己,说明作者应是意识到(realise)了他不想让其他人像他那样也感到孤独和被忽视,所以才会有下文讲到作者开始变得开朗。 
10.D　根据下文的“and left out”可知,and连接的应是两个近义词。此处应是指作者不想其他人也感到孤独(lonely)和被忽视。
11.C　根据下文的“to show I was friendly”可知,作者的目的是表示友好,所以作者应是对别人微笑(smiled)。
12.B　根据上文的“I not only helped people who were left out,but also helped myself”以及下文的“and grew more as a person”可知,作者不仅帮助那些被忽视的人,同时帮助了他自己,说明设空处所指的做法应是可以达到双向互助的效果,所以设空处应是指结交朋友。make friends为固定搭配,意为“交朋友”。
13.C　根据上文“grew more as a person”可知,作者得到了成长,而当他最终接受了自己的缺陷时,应是相对之前更成熟了,得到了更大的成长。C项符合语境,与上文对应。
14.A　根据上文“This experience changed my view on life.”以及文章讲到的作者的经历可知,作者由刚开始对自己没信心,对自己的缺陷感到困惑,社交困难,到后来遇见了帮助他的一个朋友,从而对自己改观,敢于挑战自己,与别人交朋友。由此可知,设空处应是讲“生活就是给人一个需要克服的挑战(challenge)”,克服挑战就是生活本来的样子。
15.B　根据上文的“when I finally accepted my name and defect for what they were”以及文章讲到的作者的经历可知,作者在克服了生活的挑战之后,应是意识到每个人最终都要学会接受(accept)生活本来的样子。
核心素养提升(UNIT 4)
(时间:120分钟　满分:150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)

高考主播音频
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.How much does the chair cost now?(　B　)
A.￡80. B.￡72.
C.￡10.
2.What is the time now?(　A　)
A.4:40. B.5:00.
C.5:20.
3.Who could help the woman?(　A　)
A.Her neighbour. B.Her teacher.
C.The man.
4.Where will the woman go first?(　C　)
A.To the beach. B.To the bank.
C.To the toilet.
5.What are the speakers talking about?(　C　)
A.A broken bridge. B.A car accident.
C.A traffic jam.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What is the conversation mainly about?(　C　)
A.Applying for a passport.
B.Growing up in a rich family.
C.Borrowing money from a bank.
7.What kind of identification does the man have to bring tomorrow?(　A　)
A.A passport. B.A driver’s licence.
C.A letter from a relative.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.What happened to the boy?(　A　)
A.He got lost.
B.He fought with Paul.
C.He was badly injured.
9.How does the woman probably feel at the end of the conversation?(　C　)
A.Angry. B.Disappointed.
C.Relieved.
听第8段材料,回答第10～12题。
10.What did the man lose?(　A　)
A.The receipt. B.The wallet.
C.The plane tickets.
11.What does the woman think of the man?(　C　)
A.He is forgetful. B.He is too busy.
C.He is careless.
12.Where does the woman suggest the man search?(　A　)
A.In his suitcase. B.In his pockets.
C.In his desk.
听第9段材料,回答第13～16题。
13.How does the man feel about the technology show?(　B　)
A.A little disappointed.
B.Quite impressed.
C.Very confused.
14.Why is the woman concerned?(　C　)
A.She thinks the man is careless about people.
B.She has no idea what she will write for her term paper.
C.She is afraid using robots might not be good for people.
15.According to the man,what should China do?(　B　)
A.Research the effects of robots on daily life.
B.Become more competitive by using robots.
C.Hire more engineers to develop new technology.
16.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?(　C　)
A.Co-workers.
B.Boss and employee.
C.Classmates.
听第10段材料,回答第17～20题。
17.What does the speaker want to tell us about?(　B　)
A.How money came into use.
B.Something about money used in the early days.
C.How to decide the value of money.
18.Which of the following might have been used as money in Asia?(　A　)
A.Tea. 　　B.Salt. 　　C.Nuts.
19.Who were the first people to use coin money?(　C　)
A.European. B.American Indians.
C.Chinese.
20.Which statement is TRUE?(　A　)
A.Things lowly valued by everyone may not serve as money.
B.Salt is seldom used as a kind of money.
C.The most common money of all was a plant of some kind.
听力原文
第一节
(Text 1)
W:Excuse me,I’m interested in that chair—the one for eighty pounds.
M:Actually,there’s ten percent off everything in the shop this week.
(Text 2)
M:I’m going to visit my aunt in New York.I told her to meet me at the airport at 5:00.See,we’ll reach there very soon.
W:Yes,in 20 minutes.
(Text 3)
W:I’m making a card for my language teacher.I can’t remember the German for
“Get better soon”.
M:Why don’t you ask your neighbour Ingrid?She speaks German fluently.
(Text 4)
M:Hey,Lynn.What’s up?Are you heading to the beach,too?
W:I’m trying to get there as fast as I can.By the way,I need to deposit some money at the bank.But first,I’ve really got to find a ladies’room!
(Text 5)
W:John,listen to the traffic news.Due to a bridge falling down,moving is very difficult around Norcombe Central Station.
M:Terrible.And the police recommend buses and cars should avoid the area for the time being.
第二节
(Text 6)
W:I’m not able to help you with such an unusual request,Mr DeBeers.Why would someone so rich need to borrow $10,000?
M:That’s the funny thing,Ms Rothschild.I’m not who you think I am.I’m a distant relation to those wealthy people.We just share the same last name.I’m actually quite poor.
W:Hmm...well,in this case,the bank will have to make sure you are who you say you are.Do you have any ID with you?
M:Yes,I brought my driver’s licence.
W:I think we’ll need more than that to check your identity.Do you have a passport?
M:Yes,but I left it at home.
W:Then,please bring it with you tomorrow.
(Text 7)
M:Hello,Mom,it’s me.Look,I know you must be really angry and I’m very sorry.
We didn’t mean to get lost.
W:Oh,Peter,it’s so good to hear your voice!We’ve been worried about you.We were sure this phone call would be bad news.I mean,it’s been three days!Are you really OK?
M:Yeah,Paul’s got slight injuries from his fall out on the hills,but other than that,yeah,we’re doing fine.
W:Well,thank goodness!When do you think you’ll be able to get home?
M:The day after tomorrow.
(Text 8)
M:I can’t find the receipt for my plane tickets from that trip I took last week.
W:Not again,Phil!This is the third time this week you’ve lost something.
M:I need to find that receipt,or my company won’t pay me back for my plane tickets.
I’ve looked in my desk,in the wallet,in the pockets...
W:If I were you,I’d check the suitcase you were using during the trip.Remember what happened last time?
M:Oh,yeah,thanks a lot.I think I lost it there.
(Text 9)
M:Did you see those robots?They were so smart!I can’t believe how many different kinds there were at the technology show.They could do so many things,too!Even activities that I thought could only be done by human hands!
W:It’s really amazing.
M:I understand why they say that China’s future is in robots.They will change society!
W:That’s exactly what I’m afraid of.Can we predict what the consequences will be?
M:Well,it is hard to say.
W:I’m worried what the average person will experience as they communicate with robots on a daily basis.We are already surrounded by technology day and night in this modern society.Will some people completely lose the ability to form relationships with other people?These are some of the questions I’ll be researching for my term paper.
M:I understand your concerns,but I think our country needs to become more competitive with other countries that are also developing this technology.We can ask Prof.Smith to talk a bit more about this in his next class.
(Text 10)
M:Good morning everybody.My topic for today is “Early Money”.I’m going to tell you something about money used in the early days.To be honest,we know little about how early people came to use money,but we do know some of the things that have been used as money.In early times in some European countries,salt was difficult to get.It was used as money.In some parts of Asia,tea was used for money.The American Indians used nuts and other things.Perhaps the most common money of all was an animal of some kind.In some places today,cows are still used as a kind of money.So you see,things highly valued by everybody may serve as money.The Chinese were the first people to use coins as money.
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
When it comes to thrilling places to travel to,the nation of Thailand has got to be at or near the top of the list.The beaches of Thailand are simply amazing.Here is a look at the four best beaches in all of Thailand.
Maya Bay
This small beach attracts some huge crowds,but it is still worth a visit thanks to what is widely regarded as some of the best sights in the whole country.The Maya Bay Beach is located on a small island and is only accessible (可进入的) via boat or passenger ferry.
Lamai Beach
For the traveller looking for a quite unforgettable beach experience during their visit to Thailand,a trip out to Lamai Beach in Samui is a must.The sandy areas are long and wide with plenty of room for everyone.The water is inviting and easy to access.
Patong Beach
Patong Beach is not only one of the most beautiful and popular beaches in Thailand,but it is the largest beach on the popular island of Phuket.The soft white sand is a great place to relax.Some of the many great activities that travellers can join in during a visit to Patong Beach include jet skiing,kayaking,surfing,
diving,snorkeling (浮潜),swimming and more.
Haad Rin
Haad Rin is one of the most popular party spots in the country,for both locals and travellers.All month long,during most parts of the year,there are some special entertainment (娱乐),eating,and socialising opportunities.
21.If you want to have a very impressive beach experience,which is highly recommended?
A.Maya Bay. B.Lamai Beach.
C.Patong Beach. D.Haad Rin.
22.Where will you go if you like underwater sports?
A.Maya Bay. B.Lamai Beach.
C.Patong Beach. D.Haad Rin.
23.What will travellers experience at Haad Rin?
A.Relax on the white soft sand.
B.Take part in adventurous activities.
C.Have a good time with the people living here.
D.Learn much culture and history about Thailand.
语篇导读:本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了泰国的四个最好的海滩。阅读本文,有利于拓宽学生的视野,扩大学生的知识储备范围。
答案及剖析:
21.B　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文中Lamai Beach中的第一句可知,对于那些在泰国寻找难忘海滩体验的游客来说,苏梅岛的拉迈海滩是必须要去的。故选B。
22.C　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据Patong Beach中的第三句可知,游客在巴东海滩游玩时,可以参加的许多很棒的活动包括摩托艇、皮划艇、冲浪、潜水、浮潜、游泳等等,由此可知,巴东海滩提供水下活动项目。故选C。
23.C　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据Haad Rin中的第一句可知,哈林海滩是该国最受欢迎的派对地点之一,对当地人和游客来说都是如此。由此可知,游客可以在这里和当地人进行各种娱乐活动。故选C。
B
Is it your dream to fly and to work in space? Do you want to be a NASA astronaut? Like many jobs,the first thing would be to fill out the application.A record-breaking 18,300 people filled out applications recently when NASA announced it was filling its Astronaut Candidate programme.But out of those 18,300 applicants,just 8 to 14 will be hired by the US space agency.
It will take 18 months to decide who will be in the new class of astronauts.NASA will review all of the files,which will later go to its current team of astronauts,to make sure they meet the basic qualifications(技能条件).
The first requirement is that the applicants must be US citizens.They need a college degree in engineering,biological science,physical science,computer science,or mathematics.They also need at least three years of experience in a similar field or at least 1,000 hours as a jet pilot.
There are requirements to pass a physical test.And then there are personality qualities tests as well.What kinds of personalities are NASA looking for in an astronaut? NASA’s Selection Manager Anne Roemer said,“I think leadership,
teamwork,the ability to not only work on a team,lead a team,but also follow,be a follower on a team.Communication certainly plays a role,so it’s some pretty common skills that translate into even other professions.”
About 120 applicants will be invited to the Johnson Space Centre in Houston,
Texas,for a first round of interviews,about half of whom will go back for a second round.Once selected,they must complete two years of training in everything about spaceflight—things like learning about all the systems used by NASA,walking in space and Russian language training.Until the US has a working vehicle to be launched into space,NASA still depends on Russia to get astronauts into space.
24.How many applicants will be selected by NASA?
A.About half of them.
B.8 to 14 applicants.
C.About 120 applicants.
D.About 60 applicants.
25.　　　 is the necessary personality quality according to NASA’s Selection Manager. 
A.Devotion 　 B.Team spirit
C.Friendliness 　 D.Patience
26.Which is NOT the basic requirement the applicants have to meet?
A.A college degree in required areas.
B.Related experience.
C.Speaking Russian fluently.
D.Passing physical and personality tests.
27.Which may be the best title for the passage?
A.What is Taken to Be an Astronaut?
B.How to Train an Astronaut?
C.NASA Welcomes Its Most Applicants
D.NASA’s Astronaut Candidate Programme
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国国家航空航天局甄选宇航员时,提出宇航员必须具备的条件:他们需要工程学、生物科学、物理科学、计算机科学或数学的大学学位;他们还需要至少三年在类似领域的经验,以及必备品质:具有领导力,团队合作能力以及沟通能力。阅读本文,可以培养学生树立高远志向、提高自身素质和能力、为了自己的目标而努力奋斗的意识。
答案及剖析:
24.B　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“But out of those 18,300 applicants,just 8 to 14 will be hired by the US space agency.”可知,但在这18 300名申请者中,只有8至14人将被美国国家航空航天局聘用。故选B。
25.B　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第四段中的“I think leadership...follow,be a follower on a team.”可知,他认为团队精神是申请者必备的性格品质。故选B。
26.C　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“They need a college degree in engineering...a similar field or at least 1,000 hours as a jet pilot.”可知,A选项“要求领域的大学学位”和B选项“相关经验”属于基本要求;根据第四段中的“There are requirements to pass a physical test.And then there are personality qualities tests as well.”可知,D选项“通过身体和性格测试”也属于基本要求。只有C选项“说一口流利的俄语”不属于基本要求。
27.A　主旨大意题。考查学生理解和概括主旨要义的能力。根据第一段中的“A record-breaking 18,300 people filled out...just 8 to 14 will be hired by the US space agency.”并结合文章内容可知,本文主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局甄选宇航员时提出的宇航员必须具备的条件。故A选项“成为宇航员的条件是什么?”符合文章标题。
C
Many people travel to different places in the world by air.Usually it takes a long time,perhaps half a day,for passengers to stay in the plane.So airlines offer passengers food.But it is common that they feel bad about food taste.Do you agree?
To solve this problem,airlines try hard to improve their food.They would like to do so because they don’t want to lose customers.
However,according to scientific research,part of the reason why plane food tastes bad is that at high altitude (海拔) we cannot taste things as well as we do on the ground.Also scientists have found that our noses become very dry even before a plane takes off.As the plane moves up,the change in air pressure reduces one third of the sensibility (感觉) of our taste buds (味蕾).So our taste buds become senseless.The sad fact,however,is that our noses don’t know it.
All of these help explain why food on the plane tastes so bad.They also help explain why airlines choose to offer passengers salty and spicy (辛辣的) food.
Without doing so,the food would be tasteless.
Now there are many researches on this.According to one of them,some volunteers are asked to lie with their feet higher than their heads for weeks.And scientists write down their feelings about food taste.
Though scientists try their best,it is not as easy as they thought.Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully,such as the change in air pressure,making food taste good is still hard for them.
28.In Paragraph 2,“this problem”means 　　　. 
A.passengers stay long in the plane
B.food on the plane tastes bad
C.passengers have no food to eat
D.food on the plane is expensive
29.As the plane moves up,the change in air pressure reduces 　　 of the sensibility of our taste buds. 
A.half B.one third
C.one fourth D.one fifth
30.Why do scientists feel it hard to make food on the plane taste good?
A.Because the volunteers don’t know about food taste.
B.Because the volunteers don’t understand them.
C.Because they can’t find enough volunteers.
D.Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully.
31.What is the best title of the passage?
A.Airplane Travel
B.Taste of Airplane Food
C.Scientific Research on Noses
D.The Change in Air Pressure
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了很多人经常乘飞机旅行,而飞机上的食物不好吃。很多航空公司和科学家们也努力解决这个问题,但很难,因为他们不能成功地应对特殊的环境,比如气压的变化对味觉的影响。阅读本文,有利于培养学生了解航空知识、努力奋斗、为航天事业做贡献的意识。
答案及剖析:
28.B　词义猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测词汇意义的能力。分析可知,problem之前有限定词this,this一般指代前文提及的内容,由此可推知“this problem”应是指文章第一段中“But it is common that they feel bad about food taste.”提及的飞机上的食物味道不好这一问题。故选B。
29.B　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章第三段中的“As the plane moves up,the change in air pressure reduces one third of the sensibility
(感觉) of our taste buds(味蕾).”可知,随着飞机的上升,气压的变化会使味蕾的敏感度降低三分之一。故选B。
30.D　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章最后一段中的“Because they can’t deal with...making food taste good is still hard for them.”可知,科学家们觉得很难把飞机上的食物做得好吃,是因为他们无法成功应对飞机飞行中的特殊环境。故选D。
31.B　主旨大意题。考查学生理解和概括文章主旨要义的能力。通过阅读文章可知,文章第一段中的“So airlines offer passengers food.But it is common that they feel bad about food taste.”提出了本文的话题“飞机餐的味道不好”,并以此话题为中心,在后文阐述了飞机餐不好吃的原因以及研究人员为此而做的努力。B项“Taste of Airplane Food”符合主题,可作为最佳标题。故选B。
D
With the help of the car manufacturer (汽车制造商) Hyundai,a 13-year-old girl was able to send a message to space,where her dad works on the International Space Station (ISS).
“He gets to live and work in space and he is doing lots of experiments up there.He has to stay there for long periods of time...I miss him when he is gone,”Stephanie,who is from Houston,Texas,said in a video.“I think if we could write a really big message he would be able to see it from space.”
Hyundai took her wish to heart and decided to take on the challenge.Using
Nevada’s Delamar Dry Lake as a canvas (画布),11 drivers drove Hyundai cars,spelling out “Steph♡s you”across 2.14 square miles of desert.A promotional video,which Hyundai made to record the process,caught her father’s response and showed the picture he took of her message from the ISS.
“I am happy that he could see it and knows that we are thinking about him back home,”Stephanie said.“He has seen so many things up there,but I hope that this message was the most special.”
There are many misunderstandings about what can and cannot be seen from space.
Contrary to popular belief,the Great Wall of China cannot be seen from space,but many seemingly less important things can be seen.
“A farmer from Louisiana could be burning wastes in his backyard,and it would make a big smoke trail that astronauts could see it from space,”said Mike Gentry,a photo researcher for NASA’s human-tended vehicles.And with a special camera,they can see the Earth in great detail and even keep up an eye on their favourite sports teams.
32.What can we know about Stephanie’s father?
A.He likes taking pictures.
B.He spends little time at home.
C.He works in a car company.
D.He often sends messages to his daughter.
33.How did Hyundai help the girl?
A.By offering a free ride.
B.By taking her to a guided tour.
C.By replaying her father’s response.
D.By making a large picture with cars.
34.Which of the following can be seen from space?
A.A moving car.
B.A standing farmer.
C.The Great Wall of China.
D.The smoke of burning rubbish.
35.What is the best title for the text?
A.Send Love to Space
B.A Girl of Great Talent
C.Observe the Earth Far Away
D.A New Way to Explore Space
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了汽车制造商Hyundai用自己的方式帮助一位13岁的小女孩向在国际空间站工作的爸爸传递爱和思念的故事。阅读本文,有利于培养学生的亲情意识。
答案及剖析:
32.B　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“He has to stay there for long periods of time...I miss him when he is gone.”可知,Stephanie的父亲必须待在空间站,很少待在家。故选B。
33.D　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“Using Nevada’s Delamar Dry Lake as...across 2.14 square miles of desert.”可知,现代汽车在沙漠上拼出“Steph♡s you”的图案,来帮助小女孩让她在空间站的父亲能够看到。
故选D。
34.D　细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的“A farmer from Louisiana could be burning...that astronauts could see it from space.”可知,宇航员可以在太空中看到一条巨大的烟雾轨迹,可能是农民在自家后院焚烧垃圾。
故选D。
35.A　主旨大意题。考查学生理解和概括文章主旨要义的能力。结合全文,本文主要讲述了一个女孩因思念在太空站执行任务的父亲,设法向其表达爱意的故事,A选项“把爱送到太空”最符合主旨大意。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Five Steps to Better Handwriting
Some kids love handwriting,but others hate it when it’s time to put their pen to paper.Maybe they are worried about their handwriting.Are you one of them?
36.　　　.Here are five steps that really work! 
Get a great grasp
Try this—hold your pencil at the top and try to write your name.Pretty hard? But when you hold your pencil the correct way,writing is much easier.37.　　　.Hold it in place with your thumb,and your index(食指) and middle fingers. 
Let the lines be your guide
Lined paper is your friend!Those lines can help you create letters that are the right size and proportion(均衡).38.　　　.Also be sure to fill up the lined space completely.Those capital letters should be from the bottom line to the top one. 
Slow down
If your writing is hard to read,try slowing down a little.If you rush,it’s hard to control where you stop and start your letters.
Lower the pressure
39.　　　.That makes it harder to make the smooth lines.Try easing up and
don’t hold the pencil too tightly. 
40.　　 
Lots of games require you to write or draw pictures.So even though it’s not schoolwork,you’re still using the skills you need to control your pen better.
A.Play games
B.Ask for more advice
C.So “a”should be half the height of a capital “A”
D.You’ve been writing since you were a little kid
E.Some kids press down really hard when they write
F.The good news is that just about everyone can improve their handwriting
G.The best way to hold a pen or pencil is to let it rest next to the base of your thumb
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了提高书写水平的五种方法。阅读本文,有利于帮助学生改善书写。
答案及剖析:
36.F　考查学生理解上下文语义,建立段落内语义连贯的能力。根据空后的“Here are five steps that really work!”可知,下文是介绍练就一手好字的五个方法,F选项“好消息是几乎每个人都可以提高自己的书法水平”能承接下文,且选项中的“handwriting”和空前内容相呼应。
37.G　考查学生对平行信息之间的衔接关系的理解能力。根据本段的标题Get a great grasp和空前后的内容可知,G选项中“hold a pen”和前文的“hold your pencil”相呼应,“thumb”和下文的内容相呼应,且本段主要讲述的是注意握笔的姿势,G选项“拿钢笔或铅笔的最好方法是让它停在你的拇指底部旁边”能承接上下文。
38.C　考查学生理解因果关联意义的信息的能力。根据空前的“Those lines can help you create letters that are the right size and proportion(均衡).”可知,C选项“所以a应该是A的一半高”在语义上是因果关系,且选项中的大写A和小写a与前文提到的“the right size and proportion”相呼应。
39.E　考查学生理解平行和递进语义连贯的具体信息的能力。根据本段标题Lower the pressure和下文的“That makes it harder to make the smooth lines.”可知,E选项中的“press”和标题相呼应,“hard”和下文的“harder”相呼应,且句意“有些孩子在写字的时候非常用力”承接下文。
40.A　考查学生理解段落主题句和段内衔接关系的能力。根据篇章结构可知,此处应选择一个段落标题,再根据空后的“Lots of games require you to write or draw pictures.”可知,本段主要讲的是玩游戏也可以锻炼写字技巧,故A选项“玩游戏”能概括本段的标题。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Sara,don’t forget your promise to me that you will mow (割草) Mrs
Martin’s yard this weekend,”said Dad.“Don’t let me down.”
Sara was the oldest child in the family,and one of her chores was to mow their yard.Mrs Martin,their 　41　 neighbour,was unable to take care of her yard in her 70s,so Sara’s dad had volunteered Sara for this job.Since Mrs Martin’s yard was not big,Sara knew the job would go quickly.However,she still disliked her dad’s
　42　. 
“Why didn’t you ask me first?”Sara had 　43　.　 
“Did you ask me first when you volunteered me to be in the school festival last fall?”asked Sara’s father.
“Well,no,I didn’t ask you first,　44 　 you would have done those things anyway.You’re always 　45　 to help.” 
“I 　46　 when I can,”Dad answered.“Sara,we have known Mrs Martin for a very long time.She has often helped our family.Now we can do something for her.　47　,the feeling you get from helping someone makes you 　48　 who is really helping whom.” 
“I don’t know,Dad,”said Sara.“The only feeling I get from mowing our yard is 　49　.” 
“Just you wait and see,”said Dad.
After breakfast,Sara made her way to Mrs Martin’s yard.She was good at her job and soon had Mrs Martin’s yard looking 　50　.Mrs Martin came outside with a big glass of orange juice and 　51　 it to her.Sara stopped her work and gradually enjoyed the drink,while Mrs Martin talked to her about all of the flowers in her yard.Seeing the 　52　 in Mrs Martin’s eyes,Sara began to understand how much the yard 　53　 to Mrs Martin. 
After finishing her drink,Sara returned to work with a new 　54　.A warm feeling began to 　55　 through her body.Her dad was right.It was hard to tell who was helping whom! 
41.A.strange B.new
C.aged D.faithful
42.A.promise B.argument
C.permission D.introduction
43.A.replied B.suggested
C.complained D.announced
44.A.but B.so
C.or D.for
45.A.proud B.willing
C.afraid D.fortunate
46.A.choose B.succeed
C.hesitate D.try
47.A.Besides B.Instead
C.Therefore D.Otherwise
48.A.imagine B.explore
C.worry D.wonder
49.A.scared B.moved
C.tired D.relaxed
50.A.tidy B.alive
C.empty D.messy
51.A.threw B.delivered
C.offered D.sold
52.A.determination B.peace
C.curiosity D.joy
53.A.related B.meant
C.belonged D.referred
54.A.attitude B.wisdom
C.inspiration D.expectation
55.A.exist B.fly
C.spread D.break
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述Sara帮助年迈的邻居割院子里的草,自己也感觉很快乐的经历,鼓励人们要乐于助人,你在帮助别人的同时,不经意间别人也帮助了你。阅读本文,有利于培养学生乐于助人的意识。
文章脉络

答案及剖析:
41.C　根据后文“was unable to take care of her yard in her 70s”可知,他们的邻居上了年纪(aged)。
42.A　根据文章第一句中的“promise”,Sara向父亲承诺这周要为马丁太太家的院子割草,可知此处属于词汇复现,意思是“然而,她仍然不喜欢与父亲之间的这个承诺(promise)”。
43.C　根据“she still disliked...”和“Why didn’t you ask me first?”可知,Sara在抱怨(complained)。
44.A　句意:不,我没有先问你,但是(but)不管怎样你都会做那些事的。前后为转折关系。
45.B　根据前文可知,这里意思是“你总是乐于(willing)助人”。
46.D　句意:我能做得到的话就试(try)一下。此处父亲的意思是要尽力去帮助别人。
47.A　此处父亲进一步告诉Sara助人为乐的好处,因此用besides,意为“此外”。
48.D　根据文章最后一句“It was hard to tell who was helping whom!(很难说是谁在帮谁!)”再结合选项可知,帮助别人的感觉会让你纳闷(wonder)到底是谁在帮谁。
49.C　根据前文“I don’t know,Dad”可知,Sara并不明白父亲的意思,因此Sara对在院子里割草的唯一感受就是累(tired)。
50.A　根据“She was good at her job”可知不久,她就把马丁太太的院子收拾得整整齐齐(tidy)了。
51.C　马丁太太送给(offered)她一大杯橙汁。
52.D　53.B　句意:看到马丁太太眼里的喜悦(joy),Sara开始明白这个院子对马丁太太意味着(meant)什么。
54.A　根据上文中Sara开始明白了这个院子对马丁太太意味着什么,也就开始理解父亲的话,因此再回去工作时,Sara的态度(attitude)转变了。
55.C　句意:一种温暖的感觉开始蔓延(spread)至她全身。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the development of science and technology sped up,people had a much
56.　　　　(wide) range of places for their travels.They began to feel bored with the 57.　　　　(attraction) on the earth.Going to the space station became
58.　　　　 dream of many people.Zhang Qiang was no exception.After taking up the prize he 59.　　　　(win) the year before,he was taken into the future in a time capsule.60.　　　　(immediate) he arrived there,he was amazed at 61.　　　　 the future looked like.Luckily,it was under the 62.　　　　(direct) that he became familiar with the new surroundings in space in no time.Having been shown around a strange-looking house,he was then guided to a space station consisting
63.　　　　 three parts.Inside the space station were the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century.In addition,there was a system where the waste was dealt with by 64.　　　　(use) the theory of ecology(生态学理论).Though troubled by lacking oxygen,Zhang Qiang was 65.　　　　(satisfy) with his journey and optimistic about the future. 
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了张强乘坐时空舱到未来的所见所闻。阅读本文,有利于培养学生的科技创新意识。
答案及剖析:
56.wider　考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及空前的“much”可知,此处要用比较级,指人们去旅游的目的地会更加广泛,故填wider。
57.attractions　考查名词复数。attraction意为“旅游胜地”,是可数名词,且此处表示的是不止一处的景点,故填attractions。
58.a　考查冠词。根据语境可知,此处指“去宇宙空间站成为很多人的一个梦想”,表示泛指,故填a。
59.had won　考查时态。文中讲述的是发生在过去的事情,且根据时间状语the year before可知,该动作发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时。
60.Immediately　考查连词。此处要用连词连接两个句子,Immediately在此处作连词,意为“一……就,即刻”。
61.what　考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句,且从句中缺少宾语,故填what。
62.direction　考查名词。根据空前的定冠词“the”可知,空处应用名词单数形式。
63.of　考查介词。consist of意为“由……组成”,是固定搭配。
64.using　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,by后应用动词-ing形式。
65.satisfied　考查形容词。be satisfied with意为“对……满意”,是固定用法。
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华,随着“祝融号”探测器(Zhurong rover)成功着陆火星,你校决定举行关于火星的科技讲座。请给你的朋友John写一封英文邮件。内容包括:
1.讲座的时间和地点;
2.讲座的目的和主要内容;
3.发出邀请。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear John,







　　Hope to see you on the big day.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua


　　One possible version:
Dear John,
As you know,China’s Zhurong rover successfully landed on Mars last week,which has inspired us students greatly.In order to meet our passion for Mars,our school has decided to hold a Sci-Tech lecture.
A famous astronomy professor from Peking University is to give us the lecture on exploring for signs of water and life on the mysterious red planet.The activity is scheduled in the school Lecture Hall from 9 to 11 next Sunday morning.If it interests you,come and join us.
Hope to see you on the big day.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the middle of the day with the bright sun,blue sky,green grass,and a soft breeze (微风).It was a great day to play outside and the best day of my life because I got a new ball and a new bike as my sixth birthday presents,and I was visiting my cousin,Kristy,at her house.
“Here I go!”shouted David while kicking my new ball.David lived next door and was older than me.I thought he was a wild child,but he was actually very kind.The ball went flying as if it were going to space.“That was high!”Kristy said in surprise and we went after the ball.We all had a great time.
Later we had supper and the food my aunt made was good.While Kristy was helping do the dishes,David and I ran outside to play.We started taking turns riding my bike.David suggested that we ride it to the forest.And I agreed.David and I got on the bike and David started riding fast.
As we rode through the forest,I felt the wind brushing my face.It felt so great and free.Suddenly the bike hit a fallen branch and we went flying off the bike.Lying on the ground,I felt dizzy (眩晕的).I checked myself for injuries and saw some but they didn’t upset me.
“David!”I shouted out anxiously.
“Hey,”said a voice.I turned my head and it was David,who was standing behind me,holding my broken bike.At the sight of my disabled bike,I was so sad that I couldn’t hold back my tears.It took David some time to calm me down.
注意:
续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
When we realised it was time to walk home,we found ourselves lost. 












Paragraph 2:
It was completely dark when we saw fireworks (烟花) being set off in the distance.














1.阅读文章,掌握主旨方向。

2.明确写作思路,确定续写内容。

3.汇集故事线索,列出写作要点。

4.优化语言,完善续写逻辑。
One possible version:
When we realised it was time to walk home,we found ourselves lost.It was getting darker and darker.I felt so scared that tears rolled down my face again.David tried to comfort me.He told me that he once made some marks on the trees in the forest,which might help us find the way home.Therefore,we made efforts to look for the marks but failed.Having walked anxiously for about an hour in the forest,we didn’t find our way out.
It was completely dark when we saw fireworks (烟花) being set off in the distance.We ran excitedly in that direction as fast as possible.Soon we found my aunt’s house,in front of which my cousin Kristy was holding some fireworks and lighting them.Seeing us back safe,Kristy cheerfully hugged us.She told us that when noticing we had been away for long,she was concerned about our safety.She set off fireworks to draw our attention and guide us.It was an unforgettable experience.
Without David’s comfort and Kristy’s fireworks,I would have lost in the forest forever.