2023版高考英语一轮总复习第1部分模块知识复习Unit4SpaceExploration课时作业新人教版必修第三册

这是一份2023版高考英语一轮总复习第1部分模块知识复习Unit4SpaceExploration课时作业新人教版必修第三册，共7页。
A
(原创)The fllwing prperties which the Wrld Heritage Cmmittee has decided t include n the List f Wrld Heritage are in danger accrding t Article 11 (4) f the Cnventin(公约)．
Virunga Natinal Park(Demcratic Republic f the Cng)
Virunga Natinal Park, cvering an area f 790,000 hm2, includes an utstanding diversity f habitats, ranging frm swamps and steppes(沼泽和平原) t the snwfields. Muntain grillas are als fund in the park.
Cultural Landscape and Archaelgical Remains f the Bamiyan Valley(Afghanistan)
The cultural landscape and archaelgical remains f the Bamiyan Valley stands fr the artistic and religius develpments which frm the 1st t the 13th centuries characterized ancient Bakhtria. The area cntains a number f Buddhist mnastic ensembles(佛教寺院), as well as strng buildings frm the Islamic perid.
Okapi Wildlife Reserve(Demcratic Republic f the Cng)
The Okapi Wildlife Reserve ccupies abut ne­fifth f the Ituri Frest in the nrth­east f the Demcratic Republic f the Cng. The reserve cntains threatened species f primates and birds surviving in the wild. It als has sme amazing scenery, including waterfalls n the Ituri and Epulu rivers. The reserve is inhabited by traditinal nmadic pygmy Mbuti and Efe hunters.
Histric Centre f Vienna(Austria)
Vienna develped frm early Celtic and Rman settlements int a Medieval and Barque city, the capital f the Austr­Hungarian Empire. It played an imprtant rle as a leading Eurpean music centre, frm the great age f Viennese Classicism thrugh the early part f the 20th century.
1．Which f the fllwing wrld heritage sites is lcated in Afghanistan?
A．Virunga Natinal Park.
B．Histric Centre f Vienna.
C．Okapi Wildlife Reserve.
D．Cultural Landscape and Archaelgical Remains f the Bamiyan Valley.
2．What’s the characteristic f the Okapi Wildlife Reserve?
A．It’s clsely related t Buddhism.
B．It has sme fascinating natural scenery.
C．It has an utstanding diversity f habitats.
D．It plays an imprtant rle as a leading music center.
3．What d the fur wrld heritage sites have in cmmn?
A．They are all in danger.
B．They are pen t the public.
C．They are inhabited by lcal peple.
D．They are t be remved frm the wrld heritage list.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了即将列为世界文化遗址目录的四个人类文化瑰宝的地点。
1．D 细节理解题。根据文章第二个小标题“Cultural Landscape and Archaelgical Remains f the Bamiyan Valley(Afghanistan)”可知，巴米扬谷文化景观和考古遗址位于阿富汗。故选D项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据文章第三个小标题“Okapi Wildlife Reserve(Demcratic Republic f the Cng)”中的“It als has sme amazing scenery, including waterfalls n the Ituri and Epulu rivers. ”可知，位于刚果民主共和国的奥卡皮野生动物保护区中有一些叹为观止的自然风景，包括伊图里河和埃普鲁河上的瀑布。故选B项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据文章首段“The fllwing prperties which the Wrld Heritage Cmmittee has decided t include n the List f Wrld Heritage are in danger accrding t Article 11 (4) f the Cnventin(公约)．”可知，本文所讲到的四处世界文化遗产，根据世界遗产公约第十一条第(4)点，已经被包括在处于危险中/濒危的世界遗产目录中。故选A项。
B
(江苏省苏州中学2021届高考英语模拟)While the Mars and the mn are currently the httest destinatins fr uter space explratin, Mercury(水星) might be anther exciting chice. The inner planet Mercury is extremely difficult t see with the naked eyes. It is “the innermst and smallest terrestrial planet in slar system，” nted the BBC.
The Eurpean­Japanese BepiClmb spacecraft was successfully launched n Oct. 20, marking the start f its seven­year trip t Mercury, The Guardian reprted.
The Eurpean Space Agency(ESA) has described the jurney as ne f the mst cmplex interplanetary missins ever undertaken. Mercury is lcated just 58 millin kilmeters away frm the sun. It fllws a tight path t make ne revlutin(公转) arund the sun, cmpleting a full rbit every 88 days. Therefre, in rder t get int Mercury’s rbit, BepiClmb has t stand the extremely strng gravity f the sun. In rder t slve the prblem, BepiClmb will use special flybys(近天体探测飞行) t get int Mercury’s rbit.
Accrding t ESA, Mercury’s temperature ranges frm 450℃ n the sunward side t minus 180℃ n the dark side. In rder t study the planet, the spacecraft “is ging frm ne t the ther ver a few tens f minutes… ur instruments have t perate arund rm temperature，” accrding t Suzanne Imber f the University f Leicester, UK. BepiClmb has been cated with temperature­resistant layers t keep it safe.
If everything ges as planned, BepiClmb will travel thrugh slar system at 60 kilmeters per secnd and reach Mercury in late December 2025．It will then split int tw prbes that will travel in different directins.
“What this lets yu d is lk at the space envirnment arund Mercury frm tw different directins at exactly the same time，” US planetary scientist Nancy Chabt tld Natinal Public Radi.
4．Accrding t the text, Mercury is ________.
A．easily accessibleB．well visible
C．rarely explredD．extremely cld
5．What’s the use f the special flybys?
A．T change the rbit. B．T escape the pull f the sun.
C．T accelerate the spacecraft. D．T resist the high temperature.
6．What can we infer frm Nancy’s wrds?
A．Extreme temperatures will be a challenge.
B．We can use gravitatinal frces t change directin.
C．We may get clearer pictures f Mercury’s revlutin.
D．BepiClmb is likely t land n Mercury in the near future.
7．What is the text mainly abut?
A．The jurney t Mercury. B．The mystery f Mercury.
C．The envirnment arund Mercury. D．The life n Mercury.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了欧洲和日本联合开启的水星之旅的相关信息。
4．C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“While the Mars and the mn are currently the httest destinatins fr uter space explratin, Mercury(水星) might be anther exciting chice. The inner planet Mercury is extremely difficult t see with the naked eyes. ”和文章第三段“The Eurpean Space Agency (ESA) has described the jurney as ne f the mst cmplex interplanetary missins ever undertaken. ”以及第四段“Accrding t ESA, Mercury’s temperature ranges frm 450℃ n the sunward side t minus 180℃ n the dark side. ”可推断，人类对水星的勘探程度尚浅。故选C项。
5．B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Therefre, in rder t get int Mercury’s rbit, BepiClmb has t stand the extremely strng gravity f the sun. In rder t slve the prblem, BepiClmb will use special flybys(近天体探测飞行) t get int Mercury’s rbit. ”可知，这种特殊的近距离飞行是为了逃避太阳的引力。故选B项。
6．C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“’What this lets yu d is lk at the space envirnment arund Mercury frm tw different directins at exactly the same time，’ US planetary scientist Nancy Chabt tld Natinal Public Radi. ”可推断，从Nancy的话中可知，我们可以更清楚地看到水星的旋转，得到更清晰的图片。故选C项。
7．A 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The Eurpean­Japanese BepiClmb spacecraft was successfully launched n Oct. 20, marking the start f its seven­year trip t Mercury, The Guardian reprted. ”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了欧洲和日本联合开启的水星之旅。故选A项。
C
(深圳市高三下第二次调研考试)If all ges well, a balln will sn rise frm Esrange Space Center in Kiruna, Sweden. It will flat high int the upper atmsphere and then return t Earth. Hwever, envirnmentalists have arrived t stp this frm happening.
The campaigners are against the balln because f what ccurs in flight. The balln will sht dust int the Earth’s upper atmsphere, causing mre sunlight t reflect back int space. The dust, knwn as stratspheric aersl injectin(SAI，大气汽溶胶注射), is part f a slar geengineering(地球工程) prgram named SCPex which is being cnducted by Harvard University. The aim f the prgram is t purpsely change the Earth’s atmsphere t fight climate change.
Thse wh ppse wrry abut tw things. Firstly, the mral risk—if slar geengineering wrks, talks n reducing greenhuse gases will be challenged. The secnd cncern is the amunt f SAI in the atmsphere. T keep temperatures lw, the need f the reflective dust t be released high abve Earth will be endless, and a sudden stp culd result in rapid warming. Raymnd Pierrehumbert, a physicist at Oxfrd University, says slar geengineering is even t risky t research beynd cmputer mdels.
Nt all envirnmentalists are ppsed t it. Since the wrld is unlikely t achieve the 1．5℃ glbal warming target set in the Paris Agreement, sme green rganisatins favur small­sized geengineering research.
Regardless f the criticism, the research cntinues. Geengineering is increasingly gaining internatinal attentin. A recent reprt abut climate change suggested that SAI culd help keep warming belw 1．5℃. The Natinal Academy f Sciences, Engineering and Medicine in the USA has develped a research plan fr slar geengineering and received gvernmental funding ttaling $9 millin. Bth China and India have als launched research prgrammes f their wn. Activists may ppse the experiments, but ballns will likely fly anyway.
8．What is the functin f SAI?
A．T attract dust. B．T thrw sunlight back.
C．T absrb heat. D．T fight against pllutin.
9．Why des Raymnd Pierrehumbert say geengineering is risky?
A．It may change cmputer mdels. B．It may prduce t much dust.
C．It may release greenhuse gases. D．It may wrsen glbal warming.
10．Hw d sme peple expect geengineering research t be dne?
A．T a limited degree. B．At a lwer temperature.
C．By green rganisatins. D．Withut internatinal attentin.
11．Which f the fllwing can be inferred?
A．Vices f envirnmentalists are ignred.
B．Mre supprt is ging t geengineering.
C．Glbal warming is getting wrse in Sweden.
D．Geengineering has prved effective in India.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了用热气球升入高空大气层地球工程(即SCPex)遭到了诸多科学家的反对，但这项工程最终依然会按计划进行。
8．B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The balln will sht dust int the Earth’s upper atmsphere, causing mre sunlight t reflect back int space(气球会将灰尘喷射到地球的高层大气中，使更多的阳光反射回太空). ”以及“The dust, knwn as stratspheric aersl injectin(SAI), is part f a slar geengineering(地球工程) prgram named SCPex which is being cnducted by Harvard University(这项被称为SAI的灰尘技术，是由哈佛大学实施的名为SCPex的地球工程计划的一部分)．”可知，SAI的作用是将阳光反射回太空。故选B项。
9．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“T keep temperatures lw, the need f the reflective dust t be released high abve Earth will be endless, and a sudden stp culd result in rapid warming. ”可知，Raymnd Pierrehumbert说地球工程是有风险的，原因是这项工程会加速全球变暖，让情况更糟糕。故选D项。
10．A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Since the wrld is unlikely t achieve the 1．5 ℃ glbal warming target set in the Paris Agreement, sme green rganisatins favur small­sized geengineering research. ”可知，有些人期望在有限的程度范围内进行地球工程研究。故选A项。
11．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段表述可知，最近有关气候变化的报告表明，SAI可以帮助将全球变暖的温度变化保持在1．5℃以内。美国国家科学，工程和医学研究院已经制定了一项太阳能地球工程研究计划，并获得了总计900万美元的政府资助，故地球工程得到了越来越多的支持。故选B项。
Ⅱ．七选五阅读
(2021·重庆市万州二中高考英语一模)When planning fr a new jb, many peple will g thrugh a jb interview. __1__ Fear f the unknwn, fear f public rejectin and fear f persnal criticism all cme tgether in ne meeting. S hw shuld yu prepare fr a jb interview? It’s ften a cmbinatin f careful research, psychlgy and an ability t think n yur feet.
One way is t d a great deal f research, like finding the requirements f the jb, the cmpany’s prduct lines, the industry’s standard salary fr the psitin, the interviewer, etc. When ding research, dn’t frget t learn abut whether yu have unique qualificatins fr the psitin. __2__ Thus, prepare yur unique aspects which will make yu stand ut amng interviewees ahead f time.
__3__ D yu express yur ideas clearly? D yu actively listen t thers? Hw yu perfrm in the interview will leave a deep impressin n the interviewers.
Sme jb seekers prepare fr a jb interview by cnducting their wn mck(模拟的)interviews. A trusted friend r even a prfessinal jb cach can act as an interviewer, asking many f the same questins a real interviewer might ask. In view f yur perfrmance, these peple may be able t pint ut yur truble spts. __4__
There’re als numerus resurces jb seekers can use t prepare fr a jb interview. __5__ Many cities als have prgrams helping first­time wrkers find jbs. They may ffer classes n hw t prepare fr a jb interview r prvide jb caches wh can cnduct mck interviews.
A．Yu shuld cnsider hw t be qualified.
B．Self­help bks may be available at public libraries.
C．Anther way is t wrk n yur utward appearance.
D．It can be ne f the mst stressful events in a persn’s life.
E．Then, yu can imprve yurself by vercming yur weaknesses.
F．Observing hw yu cmmunicate with thers is equally imprtant.
G．An interviewer’s jb is t recmmend the best qualified applicants.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，为准备面试的人介绍了几种方法。
1．D 空前一句提到“当计划找一份新工作时，很多人都会经历面试”，此空设于段中，与上文存在指代关系，结合空后“对未知的害怕，对被公开拒绝的恐惧和对个人批评的恐惧都在一次面试中一起到来”。由此可知，面试是让人害怕，有压力的事情，所以D项“在一个人的生活中，它可能是最有压力的事情之一”切题，该项中的it指代上文的“jb interview”。故选D项。
2．G 空前提到做研究时，不要忘记了解你是否具备与某个职位相关的特殊资质，根据空后“所以，准备你特殊的方面，这会让你在众多面试者中提前脱颖而出”，所以此空与上下文存在因果关系。G项“面试官的工作就是推荐最适合的申请者”解释了为什么要了解自己是否具备与某个职位相关的特殊资质，符合上下文逻辑关系。故选G项。
3．F 此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。根据本段后面内容“express yur ideas clearly”及“actively listen t thers”可知，本段是讲述沟通的重要性。F项“观察你与别人沟通的方式也同样重要”切题。故选F项。
4．E 此空设于段尾，与上文存在顺承关系。空前一句提到，模拟面试中，他人可能会指出你的缺陷，然后，你就能克服自己的缺点，提升自己。E项中 “yur weaknesses”与空前“yur truble spts”呼应。故选E项。
5．B 根据本段首句“有大量可以供找工作的人使用的资源来帮助他们准备面试”可知，接下来应该具体讲述帮助人们准备面试的资源。B项“在公共图书馆或许能找到自学的书”与空后“很多城市也有帮助第一次找工作的人的项目”并列，都是讲具体的帮助面试的资源。故选B项。