北师大版高中英语必修第二册unit4 information technology sectionⅱ教学知识细解码学案

UNIT 4 Information technology

1．power n．权利，能力→powerful adj.效能高的；强有力的；强壮的

2．real adj.真实的；实际存在的；真的；真正的；确实的→reality n．真实；现实→realize vt.实现；意识

3．sure adj.确信；确知；肯定；有把握；一定，必定→ensure vt.确保，保证

4．deliver vi.&vt.递送；传送→delivery n．递送；传送

5．argue v．争论；争吵；争辩；论证→argument n．论点；论据

6．concentrate vi.专注，专心；集中注意力→concentration n．专心；专注；集中

7．reward n．奖赏，回报vt.奖赏；给予回报；酬谢→rewarding adj.有益的；有意义的

Words And Phrases

　subscribe vi.同意；捐赠；订阅vt.(签署)文件；捐助

(教材P12)to subscribe to newspapers and magazines

订阅报纸和杂志

[例1]　What newspapers and magazines do you subscribe to?

你订了什么报纸和杂志？

[例2]　I've personally never subscribed to the view that either sex is superior to the other.

我个人从来都不同意性别有优劣之分的观点。

[造句]　我订阅《新科学家》主要是为了了解科学的最新进展。

My main reason for subscribing to New Scientist is to keep informed of advances in science.

[即学即练]

①I subscribed to a Women's Weekly magazine.

②The subscriber(subscribe)you dialed is powered off.

③He subscribes 10，000 yuan to the charity every year.

　account n．账目；账户；说明；理由；计算；报道vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有

(教材P13) ...set up an account．……建立一个账户。

[例1]　I paid the cheque into my savings account.

我把支票存入我的储蓄账户。

[例2]　Some banks make it difficult to open an account.

一些银行把开户弄得很麻烦。

[造句]　他详细描述了那个灾难性的夜晚所发生的事。

He gave a detailed account of what had happened on the fateful night.

[即学即练]

①How do you account for all the accidents in series?

②On no account should you leave the baby alone in the house.

③We should take everything into account when we are thinking and doing.

[名师点津]

表示“决不”的短语还有：in no case，by no means，at no time，in no way，under no circumstances等。

　harm vt.& n．伤害，损害

(教材P14) Do you think the Internet helps or harms friendships?

你认为因特网对友谊有帮助还是有害？

[例1]　The accident could have been much worse；luckily no harm was done.

这次事故本来可能糟糕得多；所幸没有造成任何的伤害。

[例2]　I can't say I like Mark very much，but I don't wish him any harm.

我不能说我很喜欢马克，但我并不愿他受到任何的伤害。

[造句]　我如果伤到你我很抱歉，但是我就是这个脾气。

I'm really sorry if I harmed you，but I have such a temper.

[即学即练]

①If you want to solve the problem this way，there is no harm in calling(call) him.

②Working on the computer too much does harm to your eyes.

＝Working on the computer too much harms your eyes.

＝Working on the computer too much is harmful(harm) to your eyes.

　argument n．论点；论据；辩论；争吵

(教材P14) Underline the general idea and the topic sentence of each argument．

在其每个论点的中心思想和主题句下画线。

[例1]　After some heated argument a decision was finally taken.

激烈辩论以后终于作出了决定。

[例2]　This argument sounds reasonable，but actually it's incorrect.

这种论调貌似有道理，但实际上是错误的。

[造句]　但这个论证是关于未来的。

But this argument is about the future.

[即学即练]

①They argued for the right to strike.

②It's no use arguing about the question with him for he won't change his opinion.

③The speaker argued that more foreigners should be admitted to the country.

④They argued him into cycling(cycle) instead of driving there.

　replace v．取代，代替；接替；把……放回原位

(教材P15) ...images really cannot replace a real­life smile or hug.

虚拟形象真的无法取代现实生活中的微笑或拥抱。

[例1]　Teachers will never be replaced by computers in the classroom.

课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。

[例2]　He will be difficult to replace when he leaves.

他离开后，他的位置很难有人接替。

[造句]　你觉得谁会代替她参加这场演出？

Who do you suppose will replace her on the show?

[即学即练]

①I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less competitive events.

②The factory replaces the labour work by machines.

③Nobody can take the place of you to do the work.

[小片段填空]

She didn't ① replace the cup after using it，and it fell to the ground and was broken，which made her very disappointed.Her husband suggested ②replacing it ③with a plastic one so that it wouldn't be so easy to break，but she said nothing could ④replace/take the place of this cup as it was made over 1，000 years ago.

　concentrate vi.专注，专心；集中注意力

(教材P15) ...communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.

……通过屏幕进行交流，让孩子们更难集中精力或对他人表示友好。

[例1]　I can't concentrate with all that noise going on.

吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精神。

[例2]　I decided to concentrate all my efforts on finding somewhere to live.

我决定集中精力找个住的地方。

[造句]　假如你不更加专心地工作，你将被解雇。

If you don't concentrate more on your work，you'll be dismissed.

[即学即练]

①They will concentrate on teaching(teach) the students reading and writing.

②He tried to concentrate his attention on his chemical experiment.

③I knew that concentration(concentrate) was the first requirement for learning.

　rewarding adj.有益的；有意义的；报酬高的

(教材P15) ...though we know that the number of “likes” or followers cannot compare to having long­term and rewarding friendships.

……尽管我们知道“赞”或追随者的数量无法与拥有长期而有益的友谊相比。

[例1]　It is a very rewarding experience to work this out oneself.

独自解决这个问题是一次受益匪浅的经历。

[例2]　Their findings suggest that others' opinions，when shared with your own，are rewarding.

他们的发现表明，与你分享他人观点就是一种回报。

[造句]　我真的要说这次旅行对我很有帮助。

I must say it's been a very rewarding trip.

[即学即练]

①He was given a medal as a reward for his service.

②His effort was rewarded with remarkable success.

③She got nothing in reward for her kindness.

　content n．内容 vt.使满意，使满足 adj.满意的，满足的

(教材P15) In addition，a lot of the content posted on social media is shallow or trivial.

此外，在社交媒体上发布的很多内容都是浅薄或琐碎的。

[例1]　She hadn't read the letter and so was unaware of its contents.

她没有看过那封信，所以对其内容一无所知。

[例2]　My apology seemed to content him.

我的道歉好像使他感到满意。

[造句]　我满足于从山下观赏山峰。

I am content to admire the mountains from below．

[即学即练]

①That rich man is tired of city life，so he is content to live(live) in the country.

②To be honest，I'm very content with my life at present.

③We should never content ourselves (us)with book knowledge only.

[图形助记]

　focus v．集中；聚焦 n．中心点；焦点

(教材P15) In my opinion，friends should focus more on face­to­face communication，and less on online communication.

在我看来，朋友们应该更多地关注面对面的交流，更少地关注在线交流。

[例1]　The discussion focused on three main problems.

讨论集中在三个主要问题上。

[例2]　It was the main focus of attention at the meeting.

这是会议上关注的主要焦点。

[造句]　孩子们是她生活的重心。

Her children are the main focus of her life.

[即学即练]

①They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.

②The children's faces are badly out of focus in the photograph.

③The programme was intended to focus attention on global economy.

[图形助记]

知识要点10　deliver vt.递送；发表；向……交出，拯救；接生

(教材P101) ...your order was delivered last week.

……你的订单是上周递送的。

[例1]　We promise to deliver within 48 hours.

我们承诺在48小时内送到。

[例2]　She is due to deliver a lecture on genetic engineering.

她将发表一个关于基因工程的演讲。

[造句]　加拿大计划向索马里南部地区运送更多的食品。

The Canadians plan to deliver more food to southern Somalia.

[图形助记]

[即学即练]

①He delivered(deliver) one of the most wonderful speeches in history for the presidential election.

②Today，over thirty companies regularly donate food and other goods to the cause and the volunteers help to deliver them to the homeless.

③To her joy，she was delivered(deliver) of a healthy boy.

④Thank you very much for your quick delivery(deliver) and support.

　favour n．恩惠；善意的行为；赞同；支持；偏袒；偏爱

(教材P101)Can you do me a favour and find out what's going on?

你能帮我个忙看看发生了什么事吗？

[例1]　I would never ask for any favour from her.

我再也不会请她帮任何忙了。

[例2]　Thanks for helping me out.I'll return the favour some time.

多谢你帮了我个大忙。总有一天我会报答你的。

[造句]　近来这个节目已不受观众欢迎。

The programme has lost favour with viewers recently.

[即学即练]

①Can I ask you for a favour?

②Do me a favour to turn off the radio.

③I wouldn't be in favour of income tax cuts.

Sentence Patterns

　强调句

(教材P15) It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships.

正是这些技能使我们能够发展终生的友谊。

句式分析：本句是一个强调句，强调主语these skills。

[例1]　It was the manager that/who asked his secretary to keep him informed of the progress.

是经理让他的秘书通知他进展情况。

[例2]　It is coffee that they always drink in the afternoon.

他们经常在下午喝的是咖啡。

[造句]　是在体育馆他经常和他的同学周末打篮球。

It is in the gym that he often plays basketball with his classmates on weekends.

[即学即练]

①It was yesterday that we had an English examination.

②It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber was rescued.

③It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.

　make复合结构

(教材P15) Secondly，the Internet can make people self­centred...

其次，互联网会使人们变得以自我为中心……

句式分析：本句中make people self­centred是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构；本句用形容词作宾补。

[例1]　The news made him very happy.

这消息使得他非常高兴。

[例2]　The Internet makes our life easy and convenient.

因特网使我们的生活更加轻松方便。

[造句]　那可怕的气味使人们恶心。

The terrible smell makes people sick.

[即学即练]

①He tries to make his ideas known(know)．

②Though he had often made his little sister cry，today he was made to cry(cry) by his little sister.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．He raised his voice in order to make himself heard(hear)．

2．Although having done(do) his best in maths these days，he still got no good marks.

3．It was Tom that/who I found it difficult to get along with.

4．It's the sort of work that calls for a high level of concentration(concentrate)．

5．They have yet to find an excellent applicant(apply)．

6．Every eye at the conference was focused on the chairman.

7．What do you want to replace it with?

8．If they win the argument(argue)，the next question will be how to spend it.

9．The shopkeeper delivered some goods to me this morning.

10．It is harmful(harm) to our health as we hardly have any time to go in for sports.

Ⅱ.短语填空

in addition；be concerned with；focus on；in contact；give a brief response；compare to；on the basis of

1．Statement should be made on the basis of fact.

2．There is no moment that compares to holding your baby for the first time.

3. In addition to my weekly wage，I got a lot of tips.

4．People outside will be in contact with me.

5．The book is concerned with political economics.

6．Each exercise focuses on a different grammar point.

7．The manager gave a brief response to the proposal raised by the young man.

Ⅲ.课文语法填空

The Internet can harm friendships.1.Communicating(communicate) online is no replacement for face­to­face contact.Denise Daniels thinks that communicating online makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.2.Contacting (contact)with other people directly enables us 3.to develop(develop) lifelong friendships.The Internet can make people so self­centred 4.that they don't think of anyone or anything.Some people are 5.concerned(concern) with how many “likes” they get and how many followers they have，6.which cannot compare to long­term and 7.rewarding(reward) friendships.Online friendships may not be true.Friendships should be built on the 8.basis(base) of trust.You can't make sure the 9.honesty(honest) of the person you are chatting with.Going online can bring danger for people who are influenced easily.So we should focus more on face­to­face communication to maintain 10.healthy(health) relationships.