2023年新教材高考英语一轮复习Unit1阅读理解题组__练速度含解析外研版选择性必修第二册

这是一份2023年新教材高考英语一轮复习Unit1阅读理解题组__练速度含解析外研版选择性必修第二册，共12页。
Unit1阅读理解题组——练速度Ⅰ.阅读理解AThere are many scholarships rewarding particular talents,so just find the right one that works for you.■SpiritofGivingScholarshipDeadline:July 31,2022Award Amount:$1,000Overview:It is available to high school seniors and current college students.You must submit an essay of between 500 and 750 words on one of the following three topics:How have you advanced the spirit of giving?How has the spirit of giving affected you personally?How will your present education allow you to be of service to others?■OceanAwarenessContestDeadline:June 15,2022Award Amount:Up to $1,500Overview:It is open to students between the ages of 11 and 18.Students are invited to learn about the climate crisis and its impact on oceans,discover solutions and create work that explores hope in action.Submissions are accepted in visual art,film,music,or poetry.■AtlasShruggedEssayContestDeadline:September 19,2022Award Amount:$25,000Overview:Essay contest on Ayn Rand’s novel,AtlasShrugged.There are 59 prizes,and the first prize is $25,000!To enter,submit an 800-to 1,600-word essay on one of the specific topics about the novel,which can be viewed on the scholarship provider’s website.■Coca-ColaScholarsProgramScholarshipDeadline:October 31,2022Award Amount:$20,000Overview:It is a scholarship awarded to graduating high school seniors,who are recognized for their capacity to lead and serve,as well as their commitment to making a significant impact on their schools and communities.Applicants must be expecting completion of a high school diploma at the time of application and planning to pursue a degree at a post-secondary institution.1.What is required to win Spirit of Giving Scholarship?A.Students aged from 11 to 18.B.The capacity to lead and serve.C.Submitting an essay.D.Applying for it before October 31,2022.2.Which scholarship is suitable for Jackson who likes reading and writing?A.Spirit of Giving Scholarship.B.Ocean Awareness Contest.C.AtlasShrugged Essay Contest.D.Coca-Cola Scholars Program Scholarship.3.Who is Coca-Cola Scholars Program Scholarship designed for?A.Those studying in college.B.Those to graduate from high school.C.Those with a high school diploma.D.Those in post-secondary institutions.BAll Olympic medalists work incredibly hard to reach their goals,but Maria Andrejczyk went through some serious struggles before reaching the podium(领奖台).The Polish javelin thrower missed her chance at the 2016 Olympic Games by just 2 centimeters.Sidelined(退出) by a shoulder injury in 2017,she then learned she had bone cancer.Showing true fighting spirit,Maria powered through her recovery in time to qualify for the 2020 Games.All of her effort was worth it when she earned her first Olympic medal ever,a silver!Back at home,she heard about an 8-month-old baby named Miloszek Malysa,who desperately needs to go to the U.S.for a surgery that could save his life.Miloszek was born with a serious heart defect,which wasn’t detected in time to correct in the first weeks of his life.Miloszek’s condition was too dire(严重的) to be treated in his home country,but doctors at Stanford University Medical Center in California were able to take his case.Unfortunately,they required 80 percent of the payment up front,a sum the Malysa family simply could not afford.That’s when Maria stepped in to help!Just a week after returning from Japan,the athlete shared a message on Meta announcing that she would be auctioning off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek’s surgery.Days later,a Polish convenience store called Zabka purchased the medal for $125,000,which was more than Maria had hoped to get.Not only that,but when her story broke,more people began donating to the fundraiser.In the end,they pulled in more than enough cash to cover Miloszek’s trip to America!And the goodwill doesn’t end there.Zabka announced that they would let Maria keep her medal after all!“We were very touched by the extremely beautiful and noble gesture of our Olympian,so we decided to support the fundraiser for Miloszek,” the company wrote.“We decided that the second-place medal from Tokyo will stay with Maria!We admire and we are glad that we were able to contribute.”4.What do we know about Maria Andrejczyk from the first paragraph?A.She was generous. B.She was warm-hearted.C.She was unlucky. D.She was hard-working.5.What does the underlined word “detected” most probably mean?A.Discovered.  B.Treated.C.Operated.  D.Known.6.What did Maria do to help Malysa?A.She asked Zabka to buy her medal.B.She called on others to donate money.C.She sold her medal for Malysa’s operation.D.She got in touch with doctors in America.7.Why did the company let Maria keep the medal?A.Because it was a second-place medal.B.Because they were ready to help others.C.Because more people began to donate money.D.Because they were moved by what she had done.CA century ago,people needed help to understand science.Much as they do today.Then as now,it wasn’t always easy to sort the accurate from the erroneous.Media regarded science as secondary to other missions.When science made the news,it was often confusing,or misleading.E.W.Scripps,a newspaper publisher,and William Emerson Ritter,a biologist,sensed a need for reliable news about science,devoted to truth and precision.So Science Service was born—soon to give birth to the magazine now known as ScienceNews.In its first year,Science Service delivered its weekly news reports to newspapers.By 1922 they became available to the public,giving birth to ScienceNews-Letter,the ancestor of ScienceNews.Then as now,the magazine included all flavors of science—from the atom(原子)to outer space,from agriculture to oceanography,from transportation to nutrition.In those early days,much of Science Service focused on space and new technologies,filled with various guessing and arguments.Much of the century’s scientific future was predicted,though not all predictions aged well.In the century since,real science has progressed to an advanced degree of wisdom,to an extent almost unimaginable to the scientists and journalists of the 1920s.When Science Service launched its mission,astronomers were unaware of the extent of the universe.No biologist knew what DNA did.Geologists saw that Earth’s continents looked like separated puzzle pieces,but declared that to be a coincidence.Modern scientists know better.Yet somehow scientists still pursue the same questions.It turns out that the past century’s groundbreaking experimental discoveries,revolutionary theoretical revelations and prescient guessing have not removed science’s familiarity with false starts,unfortunate missteps and shortsighted prejudices.Researchers today have expanded the range of the reality they can explore,yet still trip through the remaining uncharted jungles of nature’s facts and laws,seeking further clues to how the world works.Science is more like it is today than it ever has been.It remains as challenging as ever to human inquiry.And the need to communicate its progress,sensed by Scripps and Ritter a century ago,remains as essential now as then.8.What led to the birth of Science Service?A.Media’s attitude to science.B.Difficulty in defining science.C.People’s love for their mission.D.Need for true and precise science.9.What do Paragraphs 4-5 mainly discuss?A.The content of Science Service.B.The future of Science Service.C.The limits to the then scientists.D.The problems facing modern scientists.10.What’s the author’s attitude towards the past science?A.Uncaring. B.Unfavorable.C.Supportive. D.Passionate.11.What does the author mean in the last paragraph?A.Science in the past was not real science at all.B.People have fully grasped the nature of science.C.Today is the best time for science development.D.Dependable news about science should be accessible anytime.DWhy did the little boy throw butter out of the window?He wanted to see the butterfly!That’s an old joke you’ve probably heard many times.Butterflies always carry away children.Most insects do not migrate(迁徙),because their life is not long enough.Except for one particular butterfly species—the monarch butterfly.Each November,monarch butterflies land on an unbelievable cross-country migration from the United States and Canada until they reach Mexico,where they overwinter until it’s time to begin their migration back home in March.The butterflies spend their time in concentrated areas of forest where they stick to the branches of trees,forming beautiful vast crowds.Monarchs are a truly important species—and they’re in danger.Just like living things,plants,insects or animals on the planet,monarchs play a vital role in the survival of our ecosystems.Butterflies—just like bees,also in great danger—help pollinate(授粉) plants,making them a significant contributor to crop growth and food production.They also serve as a food source to birds and other animals.The population of monarch butterflies has dropped a lot over the past few decades—a destructive 96.5 percent.This has placed monarchs in danger of moving toward dying out.Several causes have contributed to the monarch’s decline.Climate change,loss of reproductive homes,and deforestation in Mexico’s forests where monarchs overwinter have all affected the butterfly’s migration pattern and home.But the most significant danger is the decline in milkweed,the plant where monarchs lay their eggs,and that serves as the only food source for caterpillars(幼虫).Much of the milkweed decline is due to agricultural practices that either remove this vital plant or destroy it through pesticides(农药).12.Why do monarch butterflies move to Mexico?A.To survive the cold weather.B.To escape from being hunted.C.To take advantage of the flowers there.D.To cooperate with the bees there.13.How do monarch butterflies affect ecosystems?A.They help birds to catch their food.B.They produce seeds for wild plants.C.They contribute to crop production.D.They bring food to other animals.14.What’s the best title for the passage?A.Monarch Butterflies MigrateB.Butterflies Attract ChildrenC.Fight to Save Monarch ButterfliesD.Monarch Butterflies Are in Danger15.What may be talked about following this passage?A.Why monarch butterflies decline.B.How monarch butterflies can be saved.C.How monarch butterflies reproduce.D.Why monarch butterflies migrate.Ⅱ.阅读七选五Writing a news article is different from writing other articles or informational pieces.　1　 Knowing how to write a news article can help you exercise your writing skills and convey information clearly and briefly. Gather all your facts.Before you write a news article,make a list or outline of all the connected facts and information that need to be included in the article.　2　 It will also help you write a clean,succinct article. Start with the lead.　3　 This is one of the most important parts of the piece,so start with the leading statement when you write a news article.Your lead should be one sentence which states the topic of the article. Give all the important details.The next important step in writing news articles is including all the relevant facts and details that relate to your leading statement.　4　 These details are important,because they are the key point of the article that fully informs the reader. 　5　 Be sure to double check all the facts in your news article before you contribute it,including names,dates,and contact information or addresses.Writing accurately is the best way to make yourself a suitable news article writer. Conclude your article.Make sure your news article is complete and finished by giving it a good concluding sentence.A.Check facts before concluding.B.Follow up main facts with additional information.C.Include the basics of what,where,when,who and why.D.A leading sentence is to grab a reader’s attention and interest them.E.Unlike other articles,news articles present information in a specific way.F.Avoid any statements or description that could be construed as support or criticism.G.This list helps prevent you leaving out any relevant information about the topic or story. 答案：Ⅰ.【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了为具有特殊才华的学生而设立的四个奖学金项目。1.C　解析细节理解题。根据SpiritofGivingScholarship奖学金项目中的“Youmustsubmitanessayofbetween500and750wordsononeofthefollowingthreetopics”可知,想要获得此项目的奖学金,必须提交关于所提供话题的一篇论文。2.C　解析推理判断题。根据题干的要求,Jackson喜欢阅读和写作,推断出文中第三个奖学金项目AtlasShruggedEssayContest的作文比赛适合Jackson参加。3.B　解析细节理解题。根据Coca-ColaScholarsProgramScholarship奖学金项目中的“Itisascholarshipawardedtograduatinghighschoolseniors”可知,申请者必须是即将毕业的高中生。【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。奥运奖牌是运动员的宝物,人生第一枚奥运奖牌更别具意义。东京奥运女子标枪银牌得主Andrejczyk,没有把奖牌留在身边,而是让它变得更有意义——资助一名等待换心脏的波兰小孩。4.C　解析推理判断题。根据第一段的“ThePolishjavelinthrowermissedherchanceatthe2016OlympicGamesbyjust2centimeters.Sidelinedbyashoulderinjuryin2017,shethenlearnedshehadbonecancer.”可知,Maria不太幸运。5.A　解析词义猜测题。根据上文的“Miloszekwasbornwithaseriousheartdefect”可知,他的病在出生后的前几周没有被发现,所以选A项。6.C　解析细节理解题。根据第五段中的“shewouldbeauctioningoffhersilvermedaltoraisemoneyforMiloszek’ssurgery.”可知,她决定拍卖奖牌来为Miloszek筹集手术费用。7.D　解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“WewereverytouchedbytheextremelybeautifulandnoblegestureofourOlympian,sowedecidedtosupportthefundraiserforMiloszek”可知,公司的人员深受感动。【长难句分析】Days later,a Polish convenience store called Zabka purchased the medal for $125,000,which was more than Maria had hoped to get.【分析】aPolishconveniencestore...purchased...是主句,calledZabka是过去分词短语作定语,which引导的是非限制性定语从句。【译文】几天后,一家名为Zabka的波兰便利店以12.5万美元的价格购买了这枚奖牌,这超出了玛丽亚的期望。【语篇导读】本文是说明文,主要讲述了科学服务的诞生以及作者对于科学的态度。8.D　解析细节理解题。根据第三段可知,对真实和精确的科学的需要导致了科学服务的诞生。9.A　解析主旨大意题。根据第四段的“Initsfirstyear,ScienceServicedelivereditsweeklynewsreportstonewspapers.”和“Thenasnow,themagazineincludedallflavorsofscience—fromtheatom(原子)toouterspace,fromagriculturetooceanography,fromtransportationtonutrition.”以及第五段的“Inthoseearlydays,muchofScienceServicefocusedonspaceandnewtechnologies,filledwithvariousguessingandarguments.”可知,4、5段主要讨论的是科学服务的内容。10.B　解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Itturnsoutthatthepastcentury’sgroundbreakingexperimentaldiscoveries,revolutionarytheoreticalrevelationsandprescientguessinghavenotremovedscience’sfamiliaritywithfalsestarts,unfortunatemisstepsandshortsightedprejudices.”可知,作者不喜欢过去的科学。11.D　解析推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Andtheneedtocommunicateitsprogress,sensedbyScrippsandRitteracenturyago,remainsasessentialnowasthen.”可知,作者认为关于科学的可靠消息应该随时都能得到。【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。帝王蝶对生态系统极为重要,但不幸的是,帝王蝶正处于危险之中。12.A　解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“...untiltheyreachMexico,wheretheyoverwinteruntilit’stimetobegintheirmigrationbackhomeinMarch.”可知,为了在寒冷的天气中生存,帝王蝶要迁往墨西哥。13.C　解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“...makingthemasignificantcontributortocropgrowthandfoodproduction.”可知,帝王蝶有助于作物生产。14.D　解析主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Monarchsareatrulyimportantspecies—andthey’reindanger.”以及下文讲述其对生态的作用和处于危险的原因可知,本文主要介绍了帝王蝶所处的困境,D项“帝王蝶处于危险之中”符合题意。15.B　解析推理判断题。第三段讲述了帝王蝶处于危险的原因。由此推测,下文应该是讨论如何拯救帝王蝶,所以选B项。【长难句分析】The butterflies spend their time in concentrated areas of forest where they stick to the branches of trees,forming beautiful vast crowds.【分析】Thebutterfliesspend...是主句,where引导的是限制性定语从句,forming...是动词-ing形式构成的短语作状语。【译文】蝴蝶在森林的集中区域逗留,在那里它们依附在树枝上,形成美丽的巨大群体。Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了如何撰写新闻报道,如:收集事实材料、给出重要的细节等。1.E　解析根据前面的“写新闻报道和写其他的文章不同”可知,下面要谈到它的不同之处,E项符合语境。2.G　解析根据下文的“Itwillalsohelpyouwriteaclean,succinctarticle”可知,上文也应提到“help”,G项符合语境。3.D　解析解答该题的关键词语是“thelead”,也就是开头句。D项说明的是开头句的作用,所以符合语境。4.C　解析根据小标题可知,本段谈论的是细节。C项中的“what,where,when,whoandwhy”都是细节。5.A　解析根据下文的“Besuretodoublecheckallthefacts...”可知,本段的内容与核实事实细节有关,所以选A项。