2024届高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第二册UNIT1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS课件

这是一份2024届高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第二册UNIT1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS课件，共55页。PPT课件主要包含了十分严重的，定期订购，使改观，杰出的，有天赋的，prove，proven，intervene，最初的，initially等内容，欢迎下载使用。

6．main findings 主要发现7．slid evidence 可靠的证据8．cast a shadw 投下影子9．abstract cncept 抽象的概念10．a brilliant mind 聪颖的头脑
二、表达词汇——在语境中活用(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思1．Shrtages f prfessinal staff are very severe in sme places.( adj.____________ )2．My main reasn fr subscribing t New Scientist is t keep abreast f advances in science.(vt._________)3．I rather suspect we're making a mistake. (vt._____) 4．Yu can't blame anyne else; yu alne made the decisin. (vt._____)5．I turned the handle and fund the dr was pen. (n.____)
6．Ppulatin grwth is decreasing by 1.4% each year. (vi._____)7．Industrializatin transfrmed the wrld. (vt.______)8．The mn cast a bright light ver the garden. (vt._____)9．Bld was puring frm his brken nse. (vi._____)10．He is an utstanding athlete and deserves t win. (adj._______)11．She was an accmplished pianist, a superb swimmer, and a gifted artist. (adj._________)
(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式1．This is nt necessarily prf that he is wrng. (n._____)拓展：______ v．证明→_______ adj.被证明的；已证实的2．The incident was used as an excuse fr interventin in the area. (n._____)拓展：_________ v．介入；出面；干预3．My initial reactin was t decline the ffer. (adj.______)拓展：________ adv. 开始；最初4．The newspaper cntinues t defend its publicatin f the phtgraphs. (vt._____)拓展：_______ n. 防御；防务
5．He praised her leadership during the crisis. (n._________)拓展：____ v．领导；导致；通向→______ n．领导→________ adj.最重要的；一流的6．We are making slw but steady prgress.(adj._______)拓展：________ adv. 稳定地；坚固地7．The reprt paints a vivid picture f life in the city.(adj.______)拓展：_______ adv. 生动地
三、词块短语——在语境中辨义用活写出或选出加蓝部分在语境中的汉语意思1．Thanks t yur help, we accmplished the task ahead f schedule. ____2．It desn't make sense t argue with him. _______ 3．We can depend n it that he will arrive here n time. _____ 4．We have t handle this matter nce and fr all. _______
5．I dn't subscribe t that view at all. _____ 6．Yu must get there in time even if the weather shuld change. _____ 7．I have rarely had any chance t return t my hmetwn in charge f the prject. __________8．I myself will firmly carry ut this plan. ___ A．继续　 B．夺去　　 C．执行　　 D．延续9．When the war brke ut, he was still living in Lndn. ____ A．脱离 B．插话 C．断绝 D．爆发
10．In winter, peple ften cme dwn with the flu. ___ A．发生 B．遇到 C．过来 D．感染11．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Abve all, the picking activity als inspired ur lve fr labur. __A．最为重要的是　　　　　B．尤其是C．毕竟 D．首先12．I've gt sme unfinished business t attend t s I can't be present at yur party. __A．处理　 B．注意　　 C．照顾　　 D．参加13．As far as I am cncerned, the lady is hard t deal with. ___ A．处理 B．涉及 C．对付 D．克服
四、经典句式——在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法
五、“续写”片段——在背诵中品悟如何写靓写美环境描写之活动场景(二)I'm sitting in the warm night air with a cld drink in my hand and reflecting n the day — a day f pure magic! I went snrkeling n the reef ffshre this mrning and it was the mst fantastic thing I have ever dne.Seeing such extrardinary beauty, I think every cell in my bdy wke up.It was like discvering a whle new dimensin f life.
我正坐在温暖的夜晚中，手里拿着一杯冷饮，回想着这一天——纯粹魔幻的一天！今天早上我去近海的暗礁潜泳，这是我做过的最奇妙的事。看到如此非凡的美丽，我想我体内的每一个细胞都醒来了。这就像发现了一个全新的生命维度。[点评]　本段的活动场景是安静温馨的环境，作者在这样的环境里思想开始奔腾，感觉到自己充满了力量，静中有动的描绘令人回味。
1．subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)　　　　　　　　[题点全练]写出下列各句中subscribe t的含义①He subscribes regularly t charities t help mre peple in pr regins. _____ ②When jining a club, yu shuld subscribe t it regularly. _____ ③I have always subscribed t the view that children shuld be given respnsibility frm an early age. _____
[系统归纳] subscribe t短语中t是介词，后接名词或动名词。表示“赞成”时同义短语有：apprve f, agree with等；表示“捐助”时同义短语有：cntribute t等。
2．suspect vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象　　　　　　　　[题点全练](单句语法填空)①The drug is suspected f ________(cause) ver 200 deaths. ②___________(suspect) nthing, he walked right int the trap.③(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)． his way t Bukhara he gets a taste f plice methds when _________(suspect) f drug dealing.④She suspected ____ne f her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six — had picked it up.⑤Dn't suspect him ___his hnesty because he is very reliable.
[系统归纳] suspect sb./sth. f ...怀疑某人/某事……suspect sb.f ding ... 怀疑某人做……suspect＋that ... 怀疑……
3．break ut (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)①A fire brke ___in a hspital last night，but n ne was killed.②See，yur cmputer has brken _____again! It desn't make sense t buy the cheapest brand f cmputer just t save a few dllars. ③T be hnest, it was nly a cuple f mnths befre the band brke___.④The sun sn _____________the mist.太阳很快就冲破了薄雾。⑤I strngly hpe that yu can cnsider my suggestin and ____________________________as sn as pssible.我非常希望你能考虑我的建议，尽快脱离电脑游戏。
breakawayfrmcmputergames
[系统归纳] (1)break up　　　　　解散；破碎；结束 break thrugh 突破；冲破break away (frm) 脱离；逃脱 break in 强行进入；插话break dwn 出故障；失败；(身体)垮掉break int强行进入(某处)；突然开始(笑、唱等)(2)break ut, take place, happen, ccur 都有“发生”之意，都不能用于进行时态，也不能用于被动语态。
1．blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n．责备；指责　　　　　　[题点全练](单句语法填空/句式升级)①Once yu frm the habit f blaming smebdy r smething else ___a bad situatin, yu are a lser.②Lts f peple find it hard t get up in the mrning, and put the blame ___the alarm clck.③Sme scial app cmpanies were ________(blame) because they didn't adequately check their users' registratin.
④因为被指责要为学校电脑网络的崩溃负责，简的情绪很低落。→(普通表达) Jane was in lw spirits because she _____________ the breakdwn f the schl cmputer netwrk.→(高级表达) ___________the breakdwn f the schl cmputer netwrk, Jane was in lw spirits.(分词短语作状语)
was blamedfr
[进阶学习]
[练重难点](单句语法填空/完成句子)⑤She laid the blame ___the failure f their marriage ___her husband.⑥I ___________________the result.我不该为这个结果受指责。
am nt t blame fr
2．defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解　　　　　　　　[题点全练](单句语法填空)①They helped the bdy defend itself ___________sme kinds f infectins.②When the dg attacked me, I defended ______(I) with a stick.③ The twn walls were built as a _______(defend) against enemy attacks in the past.④ The wall was built t defend the rad frm ____________(wash) away.
against/frm
being washed
[进阶学习]
　[练重难点](一句多译)有些人认为应该训练学生保护自己免遭某些攻击。⑤Sme think that students shuld be trained __________________________sme attacks.(defend)⑥Sme think that students shuld be trained ____________sme attacks.(defence)
t defend themselves against
in defence f
3．in charge f主管；掌管[题点全练](单句语法填空)①The huse has been in ___charge f Mr Bell fr mre than a year.②With her ___charge, I was cnfident all wuld be OK.③Tickets are available free __charge frm the schl.
　[练重难点](完成句子)④Wh d yu believe shuld be ___________such a situatin?你认为谁应该对这种情况负责？⑤The patient is ______________that dctr. 这个病人由那位医生负责。
in charge f
in the charge f
4．depend n/upn 依靠；信赖；取决于；相信　　　　　　　　[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Yu can depend n __that I will help yu when yu are in truble.②Yu can never depend n his _________(arrive) n time.③He depends n his parents ______(take) care f his children.④Children depend n their parents ____fd and clthing.
[进阶学习]
[练重难点](完成句子)⑤Yu may _____________he will cme t meet yu. 你放心好了，他会来见你的。⑥He ____________the same mistake didn't happen again. 他确保同样的错误今后不再发生。
rely n it that
saw t it that
[用法规则]
s that引导目的状语从句(1)s that 可引导目的状语从句，作“以便；为的是”讲，从句中通常用may (might)或can (culd)。(2)in rder that也可引导目的状语从句，但s that一般不用于句首，而in rder that可用于句首。(3)当s that/in rder that引导的从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致时，可将从句转化为不定式或in rder t/s as t句型。(4)s that 也可引导结果状语从句，意为“因此；所以”。
[应用体验](完成句子/句型转换)①(2021·浙江6月高考)She asked fr the wman's name and address _______she culd repay her.她要这个女士的姓名和地址，以便她能还钱给她。②He injured his ft ___________________________in the match.他的脚受伤了，因此无法参加比赛。③_____________ she culd catch the first bus, she gt up very early.为了能够赶上第一班公共汽车，她起得很早。④They made a lt f lively prgrams s that they culd attract mre children.→They made a lt f lively prgrams____________________________________.
s that he was unable t play
In rder that
s as t/in rder t attract mre children
“科学精神”主题旨在激发青少年对科学研究的兴趣和好奇心，引导他们思考科学研究的方法，积极开展科学研究，探究科学家的必备品质和科学精神的基本要素。科学的未来在青少年手中，学生应注重培养科学素养，并向伟大科学家学习，塑造科学精神和科学品质，这样未来才能承担起推动科学进步的光荣使命。高考对这一主题的考查也常有涉及。如：2018年的天津高考书面表达与在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛有关。
FRANKLIN'S EXPERIMENT：HOW MUCH IS TRUE?(节选自外研版教材必修第三册UNIT 3)Benjamin Franklin's famus experiment with lightning has intrduced generatins f children t science.Hwever, new research suggests that the stry may be fictin instead f fact.(用hwever引出文章主题)The well­knwn stry is that the American Funding Father and scientist flew a kite during a strm in 1752 ...(讲述了富兰克林的闪电实验过程)
Fr many years, schls have taught the stry f Franklin's lightning experiment.Mre than ne generatin f schlchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific apprach t lking fr the truth.Franklin, alng with many ther scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are imprtant in rder t establish the truth and t cntribute twards later scientific discveries and inventins.(闪电实验对科学的影响)
❶Hwever, neither the stry nr the details f the experiment are entirely true.❷Althugh it has been prved that Franklin's experiment tk place, mre than ne scientist has questined what really happened.The detail abut the string and the key is true.But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually tuched the key, he wuld certainly have died frm the electric shck.(提出对闪电实验的质疑)...
Admittedly, fictin is ften mre interesting than the truth.❸Peple have been mre inspired by Franklin's spirit f scientific explratin than by the facts themselves.But in science, facts shuld be prved by experiments and research, and we shuld nt always believe everything we read r hear — even if it is a great stry.(总结科学探索精神)
由教材学写法1．学亮点词汇 第三段中的amazed一词形象地写出了富兰克林闪电实验对学生的影响；inspire一词则展现了富兰克林及其他科学家的激励作用。第四段中用questin一词写出了科学家严谨的科研态度。第五段中admittedly用于句首，恰当地表达了对虚构故事作用的认可。
2．学高级句式 句❶是一个简单句，句中“neither ...”结构连接并列主语。该结构连接并列主语时，谓语动词主谓一致要遵循“就近原则”，即与nr后名词在人称和数上保持一致。本句中用这一结构来对富兰克林做闪电实验这一故事，及实验的细节都提出了质疑。
句❷是一个主从复合句，句中althugh引导让步状语从句，该从句中that引导名词性从句作真正的主语，it在句中作形式主语。主句中what引导名词性从句作动词questin的宾语。该句式融状语从句、主语从句、宾语从句于一体，体现了深厚的语言功底。句❸是一个简单句，句子运用了“mre ...”结构，表示“比……更……”，对两个方面进行了比较，强调了前者。
3．学行文逻辑 本文写作结构为“剥笋式”。文章开门见山，引入话题：本杰明·富兰克林关于闪电的著名实验可能是虚构的，而并非事实。然后按照由现象到本质、由原因到结果等层层深入的方式，详述实验过程及科学家质疑其真实性的理由。最后揭示本质：能被实验与研究所证明的东西才算作事实，我们不应全盘相信我们读到或听到的事——即使它是一个精彩的故事。
1．have access t/be accessible t 　拥有……的机会； 可以接近/进入2．be busy with 忙于……3．cncentrate n 全神贯注于4．light up 点燃；点亮5．take in 理解；吸收6．d/make/perfrm/carry ut an experiment做实验7．cme t/reach/draw a cnclusin 得出结论
8．g thrugh 浏览；翻阅；经历9．refer t 参考，查阅；涉及10．have a gd cmmand/knwledge f　精通……11．achieve success 获得成功12．be admitted as 作为……被接受13．ne f the fur great inventins 四大发明之一14．link ...　　　把……与……连接起来15．apprach t 接近；约等于；……的方法
Ⅱ.多积佳句——彰显表达功底1．If we are in the habit f raising dubts as t whether what we are tld is true, we can find the crrect answer and learn mre. 如果我们习惯于对我们被告知的事情是否是真的提出疑问，我们就能发现正确答案并学会更多。2．It's apparent that scientific and technlgical prgress brings huge benefits. 很明显，科技进步带来了巨大的好处。
3．As far as I'm cncerned, the develpment f science and technlgy helps increase the quality f ur life and makes ur sciety a better ne. 在我看来，科学技术的发展有助于提高我们的生活质量，使我们的社会更美好。4．The effrts f scientists and engineers make sciety develp faster, enhance natinal strength and prvtde cnvenience fr peple. 科学家和工程师的努力使社会发展更快，增强国家实力，为人民提供便利。
一、作文升格增增档 下面是一篇学生习作，主题是介绍中国四大发明之一的印刷术。请根据上面所学，对习作进行润色、升级。Hell, everyne，Nw, I'd like t tell yu smething abut printing, ne f the fur great inventins in the ancient China.
The printing was invented in China many years ag, making it pssible fr the Chinese culture t be spread all ver the wrld, which was given great significance t in the develpment f the wrld.❶ This inventin as well as the ther three nes is displayed in the Chinese Museum and it is well wrth a vtsit.❷As middle schl students affected by the amazing ancient inventins, we have the duty t study hard. ________ ， we can d scientific research and make sme new great inventins in the future!Thank yu!
(一)将文中加蓝词汇升级1．given→________2．affected→________(二)根据提示将文中句子升级1．用with复合结构升级句❶ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________.2．用it 作形式主语升级句❷ _______________________________________________________________________ _____________.(三)在文中设空处加上衔接词_____
With this inventin as well as the ther three nes displayed, the Chinese Museum is
well wrth a vtsit
As middle schl students inspired by the amazing ancient inventins, it is ur duty
t study hard
二、续写语段思维活结合主题，根据下面给出的开头语和情节脉络续写一个80词左右的片段。情节脉络：Edith准备参加一个科技发明比赛，她的偶像，发明家Matthew将担任裁判→Edith制作了一个巨大的音乐盒，当转动把手的时候，音乐盒能发出明亮的光，并放出优美的音乐→比赛当天，Edith早早来到会场，信心满满→不幸的是，因为力气小，当Edith转动把手的时候，音乐盒电力不足，没有取得应有的效果。Edith只收获了别人的嘲笑→意外发生，比赛会场忽然停电，比赛不得不取消。Matthew骑上自行车准备离开……
In the dark, Edith culd just see Matthew climbing nt his bike, with his pedals glimmering (发出微光)．　　—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————