高考英语一轮总复习专题练习17 Unit 1 people of achievement 新人教版选择性必修第一册

这是一份高考英语一轮总复习专题练习17 Unit 1 people of achievement 新人教版选择性必修第一册，共8页。试卷主要包含了D__ 11 hurs等内容，欢迎下载使用。

(2022·吉林省松原市实验高级中学金卷)
Jeff Cavins is the CEO f Outdrsy, an RV rental (房车租赁) cmpany with a strng system f charity. S when Jeff __1.C__ that the fur-year-ld Nah frm Spkane, Washingtn needs an RV t get him t a __2.A__ heart peratin at Bstn Children’s Hspital, he immediately tk actin and prvided a free RV rental fr Nah’s family. Because Nah __3.B__ machines t keep him alive, a nrmal vehicle was nt a gd chice fr getting him t Bstn. A cmmercial __4.B__ wasn’t a chice, either, due t his xygen amunt and t much expsure t germs is nt gd befre such a big __5.C__ .
Once the RV rental csts were cvered, Jeff__6.D__ t help the family—cvering the cst f gas t get them t Bstn and the cst f a htel s they culd live mre __7.C__ during their ten-week hspital stay. The Outdrsy team als __8.A__ fun camps fr the family t stay at alng the way, as well as __9.B__ a VIP tur f the Clumbus Z and a walk nt Wrigley Field t meet with players during batting practice.
Nah’s successful pen-heart peratin__10.D__ 11 hurs. Three days later, Nah was awake and n the rad t __11.A__. T this day, Jeff keeps a picture f Nah in his ffice, as a __12.C__ that Outdrsy exists fr a greater __13.D__ than just renting RVs and camper vans. Jeff and his team are beynd excited t watch Nah grw up. They __14.B__ that there must have been a very special __15.A__ waiting fr him n the rad ahead, and they can’t wait t see where this life takes him.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位房屋租赁公司总裁免费提供房车帮助一个需要做心脏手术的小男孩去医院的故事。
1．A.annunced B．advertised
C．learned D．infrmed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jeff了解到来自华盛顿斯波坎的一个四岁的小男孩Nah需要一辆房车去波士顿儿童医院做心脏手术。 annunce宣布； advertise登广告； learn学习，了解； infrm通知。根据语境可知，Jeff是知晓了小男孩需要房车去做心脏手术这一情况。故选C。
2．A.lifesaving B．breathtaking
C．hardwrking D．everlasting
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。lifesaving救命的； breathtaking累人的； hardwrking勤奋的； everlasting永恒的。心脏手术是救人命的。故选A。
3．A.turns n B．relies n
C．asks fr D．cares fr
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：考虑到Nah需要依靠医疗器械才能生存，普通的交通工具并不是送Nah去波士顿的好的选择。 turn n打开； rely n依赖； ask fr要求； care fr 关怀。根据下文中的“machines t keep him alive”可知，Nah需要依靠(许多)医疗器械才能生存。故选B。
4．A.business B．flight
C．activity D．meeting
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：乘坐飞机也不是一个好的选择。 business商业； flight航班； activity活动； meeting会议。根据上文可知，此处在比较各项交通工具哪一个适合送Nah去医院，设空处应填交通方式。故选B。
5．A.decisin B．prblem
C．peratin D．research
解析：考查名词词义辨析。decisin决定； prblem问题； peratin手术； research研究。根据上文可知，Nah即将要做心脏手术。故选C。
6．A.expected B．aimed
C．happened D．cntinued
解析：考查动词词义辨析。expect期待； aim目的是； happen发生； cntinue继续。由后句内容可知，Jeff除了提供了免费的房车，还提供了油费和酒店费用，故Jeff在提供房车之后继续帮助了Nah一家。故选D。
7．A.wnderfully B．freely
C．cmfrtably D．quietly
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：Jeff还为Nah一家人支付了住宾馆的费用，使他们在住院的十周可以过得更舒适一些。 wnderfully精彩地； freely自由地； cmfrtably舒服地； quietly安静地。Jeff提供的住宾馆费用能让Nah一家住地更舒服。故选C。
8．A.made B．mved
C．shared D．brught
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Outdrsy团队的成员们也给这一家人沿途搭建了有趣的露营地。 make做； mve搬； share分享； bring带来。根据下文可知，Outdrsy团队也帮忙搭建了露营地，此处搭建露营地应用动词make。故选A。
9．A.caused B．arranged
C．carried D．advcated
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：团队同时也安排了去哥伦布动物园的贵宾之旅。 cause造成； arrange安排； carry携带； advcate提倡。根据语境可知，Outdrsy团队给Nah一家安排了动物园之旅。故选B。
10．A.wasted B．delayed
C．held D．tk
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nah成功的心脏手术耗时11个小时。 waste浪费； delay推迟； hld举办； take花费。根据前文“Nah’s successful pen-heart peratin”可知，Nah的手术是成功的，花费了十一个小时。故选D。
11．A.recvery B．grwth
C．arrival D．success
解析：考查名词词义辨析。recvery康复； grwth成长； arrival到达； success成功。Nah经历了一次成功的手术，手术醒来后逐渐康复。故选A。
12．A.speaker B．warner
C．reminder D．leader
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到今天Jeff的办公室还保留着一张Nah的相片作为提醒。 speaker说话者； warner警告者； reminder提醒的人或物； leader领导者。根据下文中谈论Outdrsy存在的意义可知，Jeff办公室保留Nah的相片的目的是想提醒自己Outdrsy存在的意义。故选C。
13．A.aggressin B．pprtunity
C．impressin D．purpse
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Outdrsy公司的存在不仅仅是租用房车和露营卡车，它还有更大的意义。 aggressin进攻； pprtunity机会； impressin印象； purpse意义，目的。Outdrsy公司除了租用房车，还帮助了Nah一家，它的存在有更大的意义。故选D。
14．A.dubt B．believe
C．guess D．ntice
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们相信在人生道路上定有一项特别的任务在等待着他们。dubt怀疑； believe相信； guess猜测； ntice观察。根据下文“they can’t wait t see”可知，Jeff和他的团队对未来道路上遇到的任务是充满信心的。故选B。
15．A.task B．persn
C．trial D．cuntry
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。 task任务； persn人； trial审判； cuntry国家。根据下文中的“waiting fr him n the rad ahead”可知，他们刚圆满完成了一项任务，现在在等待着下一场任务。故选A。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2022·广东省深圳高级中学月考)
Standing in my ffice 25 years ag was an unknwn, newly rising astrnmer with a half-smile n her face. She had cme with a demand that my team change ur tested sftware t make ne f ur mst imprtant and in-demand scientific instruments d smething it had never been designed fr, and risk breaking it. All t carry ut an experiment that was basically a waste f time and culdn’t be dne t prve that a massive black hle hid at the center f ur Milky Way.
My initial “n way” gradually gave way in the face f her cheerful but firm determinatin. It was my first encunter with a frce f nature, Andrea Ghez, ne f the three winners f the 2020 Nbel Prize in Physics. That determinatin and the willingness t take calculated risks has always characterized Andrea. Fr 25 years she has fcused almst nly n Sagittarius A—the name f ur wn lcal supermassive black hle. And Andrea is ne f the great pineers in this search withut questin.
Andrea did her wrk at the W. M. Keck Observatry’s twin telescpes n Maunakea, Hawaii. She started using the very first instrument licensed n Keck Observatry’s Near Infrared Camera (NIRC). NIRC was never designed t d what Andrea needed but she was nt t be denied. And it wrked! It was extremely hard and time-cnsuming t make sense f the data, but Andrea persisted.
As Andrea wuld be the very first t acknwledge, this triumph (胜利) represents the cmbined effrts f s many. But actually，ne persn had the idea fr the research. One persn had the chutpah (无所顾忌) t prpse it and ne persn had the determinatin and fcus t make it happen, undiscuraged by all wh said it was a waste f time. That persn is Andrea Ghez，the winner f the 2020 Nbel Prize in Physics.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了2020年诺贝尔物理学奖获得者安德烈娅·盖兹的故事。
1．What did the authr think f Andrea Ghez’s request at first？__D__
A．It’s demanding. B．It’s interesting.
C．It’s unacceptable. D．It’s meaningless.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“All t carry ut an experiment that was basically a waste f time and culdn’t be dne t prve that a massive black hle hid at the center f ur Milky Way.”可知，作者一开始认为安德烈娅的要求是毫无意义的，是浪费时间的。故选D。
2．What d we knw abut Andrea Ghez’s research frm Paragraph 2？__A__
A．It takes ver tw decades’ effrts.
B．It deals with pwer f nature.
C．It’s a purely individual prject.
D．It’s abut measurement f a hle.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“Fr 25 years she has fcused almst nly n Sagittarius A—the name f ur wn lcal supermassive black hle.”可知，安德烈娅25年来几乎一直专注于这项研究。即安德烈娅的研究花费了二十多年的努力。故选A。
3．Which f the fllwing best describes Andrea Ghez’s wrk in Hawaii？__C__
A．Dangerus. B．Pleasant.
C．Challenging. D．Fruitless.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It was extremely hard and time-cnsuming t make sense f the data, but Andrea persisted.”可知，安德烈娅的研究工作是非常困难且耗时的。由此可推断出，研究工作对她来说是有挑战性的。故选C。
4．What can we learn frm Andrea Chez’s success？__D__
A．It is rewarding t cperate.
B．The ld methds still wrk tday.
C．It pays t put thery int practice.
D．Persistence leads t success.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It was extremely hard and time-cnsuming t make sense f the data, but Andrea persisted.”可知，安德烈娅的研究工作是非常困难且耗时的，但她坚持下来了。根据最后一段中的“But actually, ne persn had the idea fr the research. One persn had the chutzpah t prpse it and ne persn had the determinatin and fcus t make it happen, undiscuraged by all wh said it was a waste f time.”可知，安德烈娅的成功在于她坚持自己的想法，专注于实现目标，而不受别人的看法的影响。由此可推断出，坚持可以引领我们走向成功。故选D。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2022·吉林省松原市实验高级中学金卷)
Natural therapy(疗法)
The great utdrs: it’s the place t head fr when yu’re in need f peace and quiet, pen spaces, beautiful scenery and exercise. Whether a huge muntain range r a lcal cuntry park, these natural areas are perfect places t refresh us when we live a stressful
As an example, in the fthills f the Snwdnia Natinal Park in the UK, specialist therapy sessins are held t help peple wh suffer frm depressin, anxiety and , it’s believed that the setting alne can imprve their md. Art psychtherapist Pamela Stanley wh led the sessins tld reprters that there was a “grwing bdy f evidence” t supprt ec-therapy.
It is true that fr mst f us, cnnecting with the natural wrld definitely lifts ur spirits. But the mental health charity Mind says ec-therapy has been recgnized as a frmal type f treatment that can smetimes be recmmended t smene by a dctr. It desn’t invlve medicine. __3.C__ This natural treatment can take n many frms, including ding yga in a frest, gardening r even hugging a tree.
There is evidence that there are many benefits with this “green” It’s what Dr Rachel Bragg frm the University f Essex calls “psychlgical restratin”. She tld the All in the Mind prgramme that nature-based therapies shuld be part f care fr patients.
__5.A__ Hwever, it is an ptin fr therapists t use. And as we becme mre aware f the causes and effects f mental health, it’s gd t knw that help might lie utside ur twns and cities, and that nature can give us a helping hand.
A．Of curse, ec-therapy wn’t cure everything.
B．Outdr art-related activities are held fr the participants.
C．Instead, it just develps a persn’s relatinship with nature.
D．Here yu can learn frm ther patients hw t deal with stress.
E．These include imprving scial cntact, scial and wrk skills.
F．In nature yu can d many things, including reading papers and watching TV.
G．Their calming and relieving pwer is being used mre and mre t treat mental health prblems.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自然疗法。
解析：
1．根据上文“Whether a huge muntain range r a lcal cuntry park, these natural areas are perfect places t refresh us when we live a stressful life.”可知，户外的自然环境给人带来精神上的宁静与安慰，结合下文举的例子可知，自然环境这种使人放松的作用被用于精神健康领域，G项承上启下，符合语境。G项中的“Their calming and relieving pwer”分别与上文中的these natural areas和refresh us呼应。故选G。
2．根据标题“Natural therapy (疗法)”可知，本文的主题是自然环境的治愈作用。根据上文“As an example, in the fthills f the Snwdnia Natinal Park in the UK, specialist therapy sessins are held t help peple wh suffer frm depressin, anxiety and stress.”可知，此处举了一个用自然生态来帮助改善精神健康的例子，再结合主导这些课程的人是Art psychtherapist可知，B项，符合语境，且与后一句形成转折关系。故选B。
3．根据上文“But the mental health charity Mind says ec-therapy has been recgnized as a frmal type f treatment that can smetimes be recmmended t smene by a dctr. It desn’t invlve medicine.”可知，自然生态疗法已经被承认是一种正式的疗法，这种疗法不包括吃药，C项能很好地连接上下文，其中的Instead引出相反内容，且空后提到这种疗法形式多样，包括森林瑜伽、园艺甚至拥抱一棵树，这些治疗方式让人亲近自然。故选C。
4．根据上文“ There is evidence that there are many benefits with this ’green’ therapy.(有证据表明这种“绿色”疗法有很多好处。)”可知，自然生态疗法有多种好处，E项列举了其中的一些好处，符合语境。故选E。
5．根据下文“Hwever, it is an ptin fr therapists t use.”可知，此处存在转折关系，结合选项来看，A项与下文在意思上形成转折。故选A。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2022·无锡市质检)
The 2020 Nbel Prize in Chemistry __1.was_awarded__(award) t Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Dudna. The tw female scientists wn the prize __2.fr__ the develpment f a methd f genme (基因组) editing.
Gene editing has a wide __3.applicatin__(apply ) acrss the wrld. It can __4.directly__(direct) change the DNA f a life frm and has the ptential f leading t __5.beneficial__(benefit)results.
One f the mst cnvenient methds f gene editing is called CRISPR/Cas9，__6.which__ was discvered by the tw Nbel winners. The methd enables scientists t cut a sequence f DNA int tw pieces, __7.allwing__(allw) nature t“repair” it. During the repair prcess, errrs will be intrduced t create a different sequence f DNA，thus resulting in an __8.edited__(edit) gene.
In simple wrds, CRISPR/Cas9 is the “scissrs” f genes. The greatness f CRISPR/Cas9 lies in extreme accuracy. It als enables humans t breed (培育) mre plant varieties and develp better treatment f cancer.
In the future, the discvery __9.is_expected__(expect) t have a revlutinary impact n the life science and make the dream f curing sme diseases cme true.
There will be n traditinal Nbel Awarding Ceremny in Stckhlm this year due t the COVID-19, __10.but/yet__ an nline versin will be held instead.
语篇解读：本文是关于两位女科学家因为基因组编辑荣获2020年诺贝尔化学奖的报道。
解析：
1．考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：2020年诺贝尔化学奖被颁发给埃玛纽埃勒·沙尔庞捷和珍妮弗·A.道德纳。根据句中的2020可知，应用一般过去时，且award 与主语the 2020 Nbel Prize in Chemistry之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语为单数。故填was awarded。
2．考查介词。句意：两位女性科学家是因开发基因组编辑方法而获奖。设空处表示“因为”，用介词fr，win the prize fr...意为“因为……而获奖”。故填fr。
3．考查名词。句意：基因编辑在全世界范围内广泛使用。设空处前有冠词a，应使用其单数名词形式。故填applicatin。
4．考查副词。句意：它(基因编辑)能直接地改变一个生命体的DNA……设空处修饰谓语动词change，应用副词形式。故填directly，direct 作副词时强调直接和某人打交道。
5．考查形容词。句意：……并且它(基因编辑)很可能带来有利的结果。设空后为名词results，应用形容词修饰。故填beneficial。
6．考查定语从句。句意：基因编辑最方便的方法之一被称为 CRISPR/Cas9，这是由这两位诺贝尔奖获得者发现的。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词是 CRISPR/Cas9，指物，只能用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种方法使科学家能够将一组DNA切成两段，让大自然来“修复”它。分析句子成分可知，allw与谓语动词enables之间无连词，故要用非谓语形式，allw与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填allwing。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：在修复过程中，将引入错误来创造一个不同的DNA序列，从而得到一个编辑过的基因。edit与其逻辑主语gene之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，修饰gene。故填edited。
9．考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：在未来，这一发现有望对生命科学产生革命性的影响，并使治愈某些疾病的梦想成真。It is expected/said/reprted/believed that＝sb. is expected/said/reprted/believed t d sth.意为“人们期望/据说/据报道/人们相信……”，expect与主语之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。主语为单数且时态为一般现在时。故填is expected。
10．考查连词。句意：由于新冠疫情的影响，今年斯德哥尔摩将不举行传统的诺贝尔颁奖典礼，但将举行网上颁奖仪式。根据句尾的instead 及语境可知，设空处应填表示转折的连词。故填but或yet。