训练05 选择性必修一 Unit 5 Revealing nature-2022年高考英语一轮复习小题多维练（外研版2019选择性必修一）

人教版2019选择性必修一

狂刷05 Unit 5 Revealing nature

一.单句语法填空

1．When we arrived，those experts ________(leave) the village.

2．He ________(work) there for two years.Now he is in China.

3．The girl ________( visit) her teacher when she gets there.

4．He told us that he ________(plant) more than 200 trees already.

5．It was the second time that he _______( talk) to a foreigner.

6．He ________(plan) to help his friend，but he was too busy then.

7．Hardly ____ he _____(begin) his speech when the audience interrupted him.

8．I didn’t know a thing about verbs，for I_______(not，study) my lessons.

9．Edison _______(build) a chemistry lab by the time he was ten.

10．I met Wang Hua in the street yesterday.We ________(not，see) each other for a long time.

11．The number of that kind of animals__________(decline) by 5% these years.

12．You should consider _______(distant) from public transport when buying a house.

13．They are comforting the little boy _________(blame) by their teacher now.

14．People retiring today are richer than the previous _________(generate)．

15．The building ______(build) now is our classroom building.

16．If a fire starts in an engine，there is a _________(detect) system to pick it up.

17．I doubt whether Mr Bates is directly_______(link) with the crime.

18．However，in other regions of the world，e.g.Eastern Europe，water is now mostly safe ________(drink)．

19．All of us are fond of the music and are also interested in its ________(compose)．

20．I said I felt like quitting，but I didn’t mean it _________(literal)．

二.句子翻译

11．那是他第一次来到一个这么大的城市。(come)

12．那天他告诉我们，他已经决定放弃那个计划了。(tell)

13．近几年这个村里发生了很大变化。(take place)

14．现在他在北京居住。他在美国待过两年。(live)

15．她刚刚做完作业，妈妈就让她弹钢琴。(finish)

三. 语法填空

“Nothing entertains us better than reading a book.” Bing Xin expressed this ___21___ (believe) in 1987. “Entertainment news has increased, which is fine, but I ___22___ (firm) believe the most pleasant thing about life is to read books,” she told Cao Zhengwen, editor of the Xinming Evening News.

Cao’s interview with Bing Xin ___23___ (take) place about two years after the book Amusing Ourselves to Death was published. It criticized televisions for ___24___ (weaken) rational thinking that was typical of books.

To encourage more people to read, Cao launched ___25___ “Joy of Reading” section in the Xirmin Evening News in 1986. During the 22 years ___26___ it survived and thrived (繁荣), he interviewed quite a few cultural figures and invited them ___27___ (write) for the newspaper. Cao later selected and edited the stories of their life into the book A Record of Interviews with Cultural Icons.

Thanks to Cao’s effort, today’s readers can have a rare glimpse into the ___28___ (spirit) world of typical Chinese intellectuals, a world of simplicity, sacrifice and selflessness.

The book tells us not only how joyful they were in reading, but also how just they were ___29___ difficult conditions. In other words, the book teaches us how to bring out the better part of _____20_____ (we) as well as how and what to read.

四.经典句式

1．be＋adj.＋to do用主动形式表示被动意义

格雷戈尔·孟德尔选择研究豌豆，是因为它们的特性容易控制。

_____________________________________________________

2．sb.is said to have done...

据说亚历山大大帝和马可波罗在印度参观过这样的树。

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3．so that引导目的状语从句

科学家们希望更多地了解植物的警告系统，以便我们能利用它来种庄稼而不用杀虫剂。

_____________________________________________________

4．现在分词作方式状语

使用森林网，植物可以分享信息，甚至可以彼此分享食物。

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I. 阅读理解

A

Admission and School Policies

The enrollment(注册) of a pupil to the school is subject to the school’ s admission and entry policies and other policies and procedures revised by the school from time to time.

Withdrawal by a Parent/Guardian

If a parent/guardian desires to withdraw a child for any reason from the school，that parent/guardian shall give a minimum of six weeks written withdrawal notice to the school.Notice received during a school holiday will be considered to have been received on the first day of the following term.

Refundable Deposit(押金)

When a pupil is offered a place the parent/guardian shall immediately pay the required Refundable Deposit.This is to secure enrollment at the school until the termly or annual fees have been paid.The Refundable Deposit is refundable，and shall be without interest and without taking into account changes in exchange rates.

Fees

School Fees are listed on the Fee Schedule and vary from time to time.A full term’s tuition must be paid for any term during which the pupil is in attendance regardless of the number of days attended.If tuition fees have not been paid，the Refundable Deposit shall be used to pay the tuition fees and the parents/guardians remain responsible for the rest.The school reserves the right to exclude(开除) a pupil if tuition or other fees are not paid in full by the due date.

Termination by the School

The school may terminate(终止) this agreement when permanent exclusion or removal is required.The school shall not take such action without good cause and full consultation with parents/guardians and the pupil.Parents/guardians have the right to appeal on a decision to permanently exclude a pupil.

1．How long in advance should a written withdrawal notice be given?

A．A whole holiday.   B．At least six weeks.

C．A whole term.   D．At least one day.

2．What do we know about tuition fees?

A．They must be fully paid.

B．They stay the same every year.

C．They vary with the number of days attended.

D．They can’t be paid with the refundable deposit.

3．In which section of a school’s brochure might the text appear?

A．Study Tips.

B．Application Procedures.

C．Terms and Conditions.

D．Frequently Asked Questions.

B

(2021·广东广州质检)

Most kids can walk into a library or bookstore and find hundreds of books to read.But it’s not that simple for kids who are blind.They read in a different way.Jenny Lee and other braille(盲文) transcribers take the printed words of a book and change them into a code of raised dots.Blind people can read these dots with their fingers.To know what braille feels like，take a ballpoint pen and press hard onto a piece of paper.Now turn the paper over and touch the raised dot made by the pen point.

When Lee first saw the dots of the braille alphabet，she wondered if she’d ever be able to read and write them easily.She took a class and practised hard for about six months before she passed the final exam：she had to convert 35 pages of a book into braille.Today，Lee works for a publisher.One of her jobs is to change children’s books into braille.

To do this，Lee first types the story into a computer and then uses a computer program to translate it into the braille code.Next，she looks over the translation several times to make sure it’s mistake-free.After that，a copy of the braille story is printed with a special printer.Then Lee and a proof reader work together to find and correct any mistakes.When a book is ready，many copies of it are printed.Afterwards，some are sold through websites and others are sent to libraries.

Sometimes，going over a story again and again gets tiring.That’s when Lee takes a break.Several of Jenny Lee’s co-workers，who are blind，use guide dogs.When the animals aren’t working，Lee likes spending a few minutes with them.To her，playing with dogs “is always a pick-me-up in the middle of the day”．

“I love this mission，” Lee says.“Through my brain power and my fingers，I am putting the dots into some kid’s hands.”

4．How does the writer explain what braille feels like?

A．By explaining what braille words look like.

B．By describing how blind people read books.

C．By asking readers to experience it themselves.

D．By giving examples of different braille words.

5．What was Lee’s first reaction to braille?

A．She was excited to get a new skill.

B．She was amazed at the clever idea.

C．She realized she could teach it herself.

D．She believed it would be difficult to learn.

6．What does the underlined word “pick-me-up” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?

A．A discussion to release work stress.

B．Something to improve one’s appetite.

C．Something to help restore one’s spirit.

D．A free ride accompanied with a guide dog.

7．What does Lee think of her job?

A．Profitable and hopeful.

B．Tiring but meaningful.

C．Relaxing and helpful.

D．Boring but challenging.

C

A new app aims to help parents interpret what their babies want based on the sound of their cry.The free app ChatterBaby，which was released last month，analyzes the features of a baby’s cry，to help parents understand whether their children might be hungry，fussy(大惊小怪) or in pain.While critics say caregivers should not rely too much on their smartphones，others say it’s a helpful tool for new or tired parents.

Ariana Anderson，a mother of four，developed the app.She originally designed the technology to help deaf parents better understand why their babies were upset，but soon realized it could be a helpful tool for all new parents.

To build a database，Anderson and her team uploaded 2,000 audio samples of baby cries.She used cries recorded during ear piercings and vaccinations(接种) to distinguish pain cries.And to create a baseline for the other two categories，a group of moms had to agree on whether the cry was hungry or fussy.

Anderson’s team continues to collect data and hopes to make the app more accurate by asking parents to get specific about what certain sounds mean.

Pediatrician Eric Ball pointed out that evaluating cries can never be an exact science.“I think that all of the apps and technology that new parents are using now can be helpful but need to be taken seriously，” Ball said.“I do worry，that some parents will get stuck in big data and turn their parenting into basically a spreadsheet(电子表格) which I think will take away the love and caring that parents are supposed to be providing for their children.”

But Anderson says the aim of the app is to have parents interpret the results，not to provide a yes or no answer.The Bells say it’s a win-win.They believe they are helping not only their babies now but potentially others in the future.

8．How does the app judge what babies want?

A．By collecting data.

B．By recording all the sounds.

C．By analyzing the sound of their crying.

D．By asking parents about specific messages.

9．Who was the app designed for in the beginning?

A．Deaf parents.   B．All new parents.

C．Ariana Anderson.   D．Babies often crying.

10．What can we know according to Ball?

A．Parents should use the app wisely.

B．The app can provide an accurate result.

C．Parents and babies are addicted to the app.

D．The app makes babies love their parents.

11．What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．App Knows Why Babies Cry

B．App Prevents Babies from Crying

C．Parents Build Babies’ Database

D．Parents Over-rely on Smartphones

D

(2021·河北衡水压轴卷)

A new device works like a solar panel，except that it doesn’t harvest energy from the sun.It absorbs energy from the cold night sky.

A prototype (原型) of the device produced enough electricity at night to power a small light bulb.A bigger version might one day light rooms or charge phones.It also could power electronics in remote or low-resource areas that lack electricity.

The device makes use of the temperature difference between Earth and outer space.It then uses that difference to create electricity.As long as one side of it is cooler than the other，the generator can produce electricity.The cooler side faces the sky and is attached to an aluminum plate.That plate is sealed beneath a transparent cover and surrounded with insulation(隔热材料) to keep out heat.The bottom of the generator is attached to an exposed aluminum plate.That plate is warmed by the local air.At night，the top plate can get a couple of degrees Celsius cooler than the bottom of the generator.

Researchers tested a 20-centimeter prototype one clear December night in Stanford，California.The generator produced up to about 25 milliwatts of power per square meter of device.That was enough power to light a small light-emitting diode，or LED bulb.Further improvements might increase its production to at least 500 milliwatts per square meter.To do that，the system might need more insulation around the cool top plate.

The device also could help power remote weather stations or other environmental devices，says Aaswath Raman.He is a materials scientist who worked on the device at the University of California，Los Angeles.This may be useful in polar regions that don’t see sunlight for months at a time，Raman says.“If you have some low-power load and you need to power it through three months of darkness，this might be a way.”

12．What can we know about the new device?

A．It gains energy from the sun.

B．It’s been widely used in life.

C．It is cooler than a solar panel.

D．It’ll be popular in special areas.

13．What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 3?

A．Application fields of the device.

B．The developing process of the device.

C．The working principle of the device.

D．Significant effects of the device.

14．How can the device produce more electricity?

A．By putting more insulation around the top plate.

B．By using it in extremely cold and clear nights.

C．By attaching the bottom plate to a warm plate.

D．By covering the top plate with a transparent lid.

15．What could be a suitable title for the text?

A．A Device Using the Cold Night Sky to Produce Electricity

B．A Device Bringing New Hope for Those in the Cold Night

C．The Difference Between a Solar Panel and a New Device

D．The Temperature Difference Between Earth and Outer Space

Ⅱ.七选五

(2021·湖北三校联考)

Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion，unless you learn how to deal with it.They warn that anger can lead to heart disease，stomach problems，headaches，emotional problems and possibly cancer.

  1  Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way.Some people burst with anger，and scream and yell.  2  They can not or will not express it.This is called repressing anger.

For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it.They said that when a person is angry，the brain releases the same hormones(荷尔蒙)．They speed the heart rate，raise blood pressure，or sugar into the blood，etc.  3  

Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous.They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease，and they believe that those who keep anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.

  4  They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger，and then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about.If it is，they say，“  5  Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”

Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry.They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.

A．In general，the person feels excited and ready to act.

B．But other people keep their anger inside.

C．Expressing anger violently is more harmful than repressing it.

D．Anger may cause you a cancer.

E．Do not express your anger while angry.

F．Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.

G．Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.

一．完形填空

I live in a landscape surrounded by shopping malls. So it’s quite ___21___ to feel connected to the land. I wanted ___22___ for my children: soil, Mother Earth and ecology. I’m a classic suburban mom. But I grew up ___23___ summers at my grandparents’ farm. I used to pick wild blackberries, ___24___ fishes, and run between the tows of tall corn plants. I knew what wild garlic looked like. I ___25___ picked flowers from the honeysuckle and sucked the nectar (花蜜) out. I’ve ___26___ my kids to do the same. “It’s so sweet, Mom,” they told me.

___27___ instead of teaching my kids about the landscape, I decided to teach them a love of the ___28___ they live in. I was determined to ___29___ PBL-place-based learning. So we went to the _____30_____ parking lot near the dead mall and _____31_____ dandelion (蒲公览) greens, which make delicious spring salad. We dug with sticks in the wheel ruts (车辙印) along the road _____32_____ going home. My ten-year old found a special rock which _____33_____ him to start a rock collection. In the fall. I _____34_____ my kids to stands of chestnut trees and _____35_____ them how to get the eatable nuts from the branches. I _____36_____ I had taught them some big lessons about the earth, the _____37_____ of which they should have appreciation for.

It has been revolutionary to be outside. We have _____38_____ simply walking, observing, feeling the dirt under our feet, and _____39_____ bringing home something we _____40_____ with our own hands.

21. A. challenging B. wonderful C. relaxing D. disappointing

22. A. admiration B. gratitude C. connection D. amusement

23. A. learning B. spending C. expecting D. witnessing

24. A. eat B. keep C. cook D. catch

25. A. voluntarily B. instantly C. delicately D. carelessly

26. A. forbidden B. taught C. ordered D. required

27. A. However B. In addition C. As a result D. Similarly

28. A. house B. life C. land D. age

29. A. investigate B. discover C. test D. practice

30. A. abandoned B. scary C. new D. collapsed

31. A. touched B. smelt C. viewed D. sought

32. A. after B. while C. upon D. since

33. A. inspired B. urged C. forced D. needed

34. A. pulled B. rushed C. took D. raised

35. A. informed B. watched C. asked D. showed

36. A. agreed B. doubted C. felt D. decided

37. A. scenery B. beauty C. future D. custom

38. A. imagined B. considered C. enjoyed D. insisted

39. A. calmly B. safely C. suddenly D. happily

40. A. harvested B. planted C. made D. shared

二.补全写作

 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Change is an unavoidable part of everyday life.It happens as time passes or as a consequence of one’s decision.Changes may be positive or negative depending on how we understand them.Whereas some people are happy to live a life of routine，others accept changes and prefer a challenging world where events are unpredictable.

From one point of view，people who accept changes think that changes make their life meaningful.Firstly，changes create new opportunities，which makes leap forward.A new job，for instance，might present challenges that push the person to adapt，acquire new knowledge，or add to their skill set.Secondly，a change can represent a break with the past and an old routine which has become boring and predictable.Finally，as well as making life more fun and interesting，new experiences can be good for our physical and mental health.We find that changes can make us experienced.

On the other hand，people who don’t want to step outside their comfort zone prefer following their daily habits.They feel satisfied with their circumstances.Perhaps they feel that routine gives them structure，or maybe they are not fond of surprises or confident enough to face new challenges.They believe that staying secure and maintaining the present circumstances is the best way to live a safer life.Such people have set time for performing certain functions and do things in the same way all the time.They fear the uncertainty of the unknown and may associate change with negative outcomes.For example，transformation in position or status(身份) gives people worries as to whether they can manage a new task.

Both sides seem to have their own advantages.However，I personally think change is necessary if someone wants to keep up with the fast pace of modern life.Even if some people maintain a form of stability by following a routine，the world keeps spinning and evolving.Without change there would be no life at all.Our lives are actually fueled by change and seeing change as natural and unavoidable will bring us considerable stress relief.

请根据括号里的汉语提示，补全短文。

People _______________________________(对……有不同的态度) change，an inevitable part of life.(要点1) _______________________________(重视变化的人) see them as chances of making progress， _______________________________(有新的经历) and promoting their health.(要点2)However，those who don’t favor change prefer _______________________________(循规蹈矩)，because it gives them both security and stability.(要点3)The author argues for change to _______________________________(跟上现代生活的脚步) based on the laws of life evolution.(要点4)