主题05 文学与艺术-2022年高考英语一轮复习热门主题词汇记忆+题型突破专练

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2022年高考英语一轮复习热门主题词汇记忆+题型突破专练
主题05 文学与艺术
【主题词汇记忆】
【高频单词】
·识记 1·
1. abstract 　　　　 adj. 抽象的
n. 摘要, 提要
2. adapt v. (使)适合; 改编, 改写
　adaptation n. 适应, 改编本
3. annual adj. 每年的; n. 年刊
4. appreciate vt. 欣赏; 感激
appreciation n. 欣赏, 鉴定, 评估
5. biography n. 传记
6. classic adj. 经典的; n. 名著
7. chapter n. 章(节), 回
8. character n. 角色; 人物
9. classify v. 分类, 归类
10. describe vt. 描写, 叙述
description n. 描述, 描写
·识记 2·
1. design n. &vt. 设计, 图案, 图样, 样式
2. desire vt. &n. 要求; 期望
3. diverse adj. 不同的, 多种多样的, 形形色色的
4. document n. 文件, 文献
5. draft n. 草图, 草稿; 草案
vt. 起草; 草拟
6. drawing n. 绘画, 绘图
7. edition　 　 n. 版本; (发行物的)版
8. essay　　 n. 论说文; 散文
9. evaluate　 v. 估计, 评价, 评估
10. exhibition n. 展览; 展览会
·识记 3·
1. fiction n. (虚构)小说
2. figure　 n. 数字; (人的)体形; 人物; (绘画、雕刻)人物像
vt. 认为; 计算
3. gallery n. 画廊
4. lack n. &v. 缺乏, 缺少
5. literature n. 文学
literary adj. 文学的; 从事文学研究(或写作)的
6. masterpiece n. 代表作
7. music n. 音乐, 乐曲
musical adj. 音乐的, 爱好音乐的
n. 音乐剧
musician　　 n. 音乐家, 乐师
8. novel n. (长篇)小说
novelist n. 小说家
9. opera n. 歌剧
10. original adj. 原创的; n. 原作
·识记 4·
1. performance n. 表演
2. pianist n. 钢琴家
piano n. 钢琴
3. playwright　　 n. 剧作家
4. poem n. 诗
poet n. 诗人
poetry n. 诗(总称)
5. popular adj. 流行的, 受欢迎的
popularity n. 流行; 受欢迎
6. precious adj. 宝贵的, 珍贵的
7. precise adj. 准确的, 精确的, 确切的
8. prize n. 奖品
9. publish v. 出版, 发行
10. recommend v. 推荐
recommendation n. 推荐
·识记 5·
1. record n. 记录; 唱片
2. ridiculous adj. 荒谬的, 愚蠢的
3. sculpture n. 雕塑(术), 雕刻(术), 雕刻作品, 雕像
4. subscribe v. 订阅, 订购(报刊等)
5. substitute v. 代替, 取代
6. thrill n. &v. 兴奋, 激动
thriller n. 惊险小说
7. translate v. 翻译
translation n. 翻译; 译文
8. vivid adj. 栩栩如生的, 鲜艳的
9. violin n. 小提琴
violinist n. 小提琴演奏者, 小提琴手
10. works n. 著作, 作品
【高频短语】
·识记 1·
1. appeal to sb. 　　 对某人有吸引力
2. adapt. . . from sth. 根据……改编
3. bring sb. happiness 给某人带来愉悦
4. be set in 以……为背景
5. come into existence 形成
6. enrich one’s life 丰富某人的生活
7. for sale 供出售, 待售
8. give up 放弃
9. go through many difficulties 经历许多困难
10. have a strong interest in 对……有着浓厚的兴趣
·识记 2·
1. have an effect on 对……有影响
2. in terms of 从……角度看; 关于; 至于
3. leave sb. a deep impression 给某人留下深刻印象
4. on exhibition 在展示中
5. shape one’s character 形成某人的性格
6. sense of beauty 美感
7. take up 从事; 拿起
8. widen one’s horizons 开阔某人的眼界
9. win the Nobel Prize in Literature 获得诺贝尔文学奖
10. the key to success 成功的关键
【佳句品读】
1. The film is usually more interesting and it is easier to follow. 电影通常更有趣而且更容易理解。
2. The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to display their works. 这次展览为当地艺术家提供了一个展示他们作品的机会。
3. Whenever she is faced with difficulties in writing, she won’t give up easily.
无论什么时候她面对写作中的困难, 她都不会轻易放弃。
4. I will turn to my teachers for help when I can not understand what the poems try to tell us.
当我不能理解诗里面的含义时, 我会向老师求助。
5. We are always finding new beauties in Shakespeare’s poetry.
我们总是不断地在莎士比亚的诗歌中发现新的美妙之处。
6. Peking Opera is popular in China with a history of more than 200 years, dating back to the Qing Dynasty. 京剧在中国很流行, 有200多年的历史, 始于清朝。
7. More and more people in China show a great interest in literature, which can enrich their life.
越来越多的中国人对文学有浓厚的兴趣, 它可以丰富他们的生活。
8. Mo Yan has made a great contribution to the development of Chinese literature.
莫言对中国文学的发展做出了巨大的贡献。
9. Traditional art should be passed down, such as Peking Opera and paper-making and so on.
传统艺术像京剧、剪纸等应该被传承下去。
10. Some love Chinese calligraphy for there is an artistic flavor in itself.
有些人喜欢中国书法, 因为书法本身就有一种艺术品位。
11. Nowadays, both traditional and modern music are enjoyed by people in China.
现在, 传统音乐和现代音乐都受到中国人的欢迎。
12. On the one hand, reading literature books can let the students learn about the culture.
一方面, 阅读文学书籍可以让学生们了解文化。
13. The literature books always reflect a country’s history, so the students can know about the country’s culture in a certain time.
文学书籍总是会反映一个国家的历史, 因此学生就能了解这个国家在某个时期的文化。
14. The stories told in the works can act as mirrors and help you adjust your own behaviors.
作品中的故事可以作为镜子, 帮助你调整自己的行为。
15. There are many famous poets that we’ll never forget around the world.
世界各地有许多我们难以忘怀的著名的诗人。
16. Poetry shows us a strong power and makes us feel subtle emotion.
诗歌给我们展示了一种强大的力量, 使我们感到微妙的情感。
17. As far as I am concerned, we can get some benefits from watching movies.
就我而言, 我们可以从看电影中得到一些好处。
18. By watching some movies which are closely relative to our lives, we are able to get some lessons from the ways to solve problems in the movies.
通过观看与我们生活息息相关的电影, 我们能够从电影里面解决问题的方法中吸取一些教训。
19. The paper-cut, one of the Chinese most popular folk arts, may date from the sixth century A. D.
剪纸是中国最受欢迎的民间艺术之一, 可以追溯到公元六世纪。
20. Tom had a strong interest in painting when he was a child.
从小汤姆就对绘画有着强烈的兴趣。
【题型突破专练】
一、阅读理解
1
Imagine your mind as a library. As pleasant a room as a reader could wish. Now let me describe different sort of library: The bookcases have fallen, their glass fronts broken, and their contents messed across the floor. This one belongs to the disordered, anorexic(厌食) mind. At the age of 15, 3 was the state of my mind. For 10 years, I suffered the mental and physical pain of anorexia.
A new year usually made me nervous: A time for resolutions. In January 2019, I was 24. Ten years after diagnosis, I was what doctors call a “functioning” anorexic. I would eat enough to get by: never with any flavor. That year, I made a different sort of January resolution: To read all novels Dickens by December. Something changed, I began to be curious about food, wanting to share it, taste it. His scenes, his meals made me hungry. It also turned me into a walker. I wanted to see London as he had seen it: At night, on foot.
Siegfried Sassoon also rescued me.The poet recalls cold mornings before a hunt: “We got up at four o’clock, and fed ourselves with boiled eggs.” Stopping in a bush, he has sandwiches , and on the way home he keeps himself warm with thoughts of poached eggs on toast, tea...All those eggs! All that bread! Hot chocolate! (I hadn’t had a cup of hot chocolate in a decade.) With Sassoon as guide, I learnt, at the age of 25, to boil an egg.
Most helpful to my recovery were the words of the wizard Merlyn in T. H. White’s The Once and future King. “The best thing for being sad,” he tells the boy who will become King Arthur, “is to learn something. That is the only thing that never fails. . . ” Too many self-help guides say: Get fit, lose weight, eat right, make friends, find a hobby. . . Better that they should say: Learn something, read something, see something new. Feed your mind.Trigger your appetite for new books, and the other appetites-for food, for friends, for life-will follow.
1. What can we infer from Paragraph 1?
A. Reading in a pleasant library can help to treat anorexia.
B. An anorexic mind is to people what a disordered library is to readers.
C. A disordered library can result in physical and mental pain to people.
D. Anorexia is connected with the effect a disordered library brings about.
2. How did the author usually live with anorexia before she turned 24?
A. By turning into a walker. B. By reading various books.
C. By pretending to eat something. D. By swallowing food without enjoying it.
3. How does the author describe the process of his recovering from anorexia?
A. By listing examples. B. By analyzing causes.
C. By making comparisons. D. By giving definitions.
4. What’s the main idea of this passage?
A. Appetite comes with eating.
B. Eat to live but do not live to eat.
C. A good book is a good medicine for the soul.
D. Books are the food for the hungry of great mind.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者读了很多好书来帮助自己摆脱了厌食症带来的精神和身体上的痛苦。
1. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Now let me describe different sort of library: The bookcases have fallen, their glass fronts broken, and their contents messed across the floor. This one belongs to the disordered, anorexic(厌食) mind. (现在让我来描述一下不同类型的图书馆：书架掉了下来，玻璃正面破碎，里面的东西散落在地板上。这是一个精神错乱的厌食症患者。)”可知，厌食症之于人，犹如杂乱的图书馆之于读者。故选B项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“ In January 2019, I was 24. Ten years after diagnosis, I was what doctors call a “functioning” anorexic. I would eat enough to get by: never with any flavor. (2019年1月，我24岁。确诊后十年，我成了医生所说的“功能性”厌食症患者。我会吃足够的食物勉强度日，从不吃有味道的食物。)”可知，在24岁之前，作者是通过吞咽食物而不是享受来忍受厌食症。故选D项。
3. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“That year, I made a different sort of January resolution: To read all novels Dickens by December. Something changed, I began to be curious about food, wanting to share it, taste it. His scenes, his meals made me hungry. (确诊后十年，我成了医生所说的“功能性”厌食症患者。我会吃足够的食物来维持生活，从来不吃有味道的食物。那年，我在一月份下了一个不同的决心：在12月之前读完狄更斯的所有小说。有些事情改变了，我开始对食物好奇，想要分享它，品尝它。他的戏份，他的饭菜让我觉得很饿。)”和第三段中“With Sassoon as guide, I learnt, at the age of 25, to boil an egg. (在Sassoon的指导下，我在25岁的时候学会了煮鸡蛋。)”可知，作者是通过列出例子描述他从厌食症中恢复的过程。故选A项。
4. 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“That year, I made a different sort of January resolution: To read all novels Dickens by December. (那年，我在一月份下了一个不同的决心：在12月之前读完狄更斯的所有小说。)”，第三段中“Siegfried Sassoon also rescued me. (Siegfried Sassoon也救了我。)”以及第四段中“Most helpful to my recovery were the words of the wizard Merlyn in T. H. White’s The Once and future King. (对我的康复最有帮助的是T. H. White的《永远的未来之王》中巫师merlin的话。)”和“Trigger your appetite for new books, and the other appetites-for food, for friends, for life-will follow. (激发你对新书的胃口，以及其他的胃口——对食物的胃口，对朋友的胃口，对生活的胃口——将会随之而来。)”可知，本文主要讲述了作者读了很多好书来帮助自己摆脱了厌食症带来的精神和身体上的痛苦，因此选项C“好书是心灵的良药。”符合题意。故选C项。
2
By their nature, pop songs are those which are popular. Now, scientists say they have found out what makes some music so catchy(悦耳的). Pop songs combine factors of uncertainty and surprise. To reach this conclusion, researchers asked 39 volunteers to listen to 1,039 chords(和弦) from the 745 pop songs, and rate how pleasant they were. In a separate experiment, 40 people listened to the same chords while their brains were observed using special scanners.
The experiments showed the songs caused three areas in the brain to light up. The three areas in our brain help us process emotions, learn and gain memories, and process sounds. Meanwhile, the nucleus accumbens(伏隔核) lit up when the listeners met with uncertainty in the songs. This part of the brain has previously been linked to rewards and getting pleasure from music.
The researchers conclude that we enjoy songs when we expect a certain chord but are hit by another, or when we aren't sure what will come next but are given a predictable chord. Music may therefore cause pleasure by encouraging the listener to continuously generate and resolve expectations as the piece unfolds in time, the authors wrote.
The researchers didn't expect the nucleus accumbens to only light up when faced with uncertainty in the music, but not an element of surprise. “This is interesting because it means that the actual experience of pleasure is caused elsewhere,” said Vincent Cheung of the Max Planck Institute. “We believe its role may instead be to direct the listener towards the music to find out what will happen next (i. e. to settle the uncertainty). ”
“We think there is great potential in combining computational modeling and brain imaging to further understand not only why we enjoy music, but also what it means to be human.”
The researchers hope the findings will be used in a range of ways, from creating music with artificial intelligence, to helping songwriters write music, and even predicting upcoming musical trend.
5. Which area will light up when hearing uncertainty in music?
A. One linking to rewards. B. One gaining memories.
C. One processing sounds. D. One processing emotions.
6. What might Vincent agree with according to the text?
A. We like some music because of its surprising parts.
B. The uncertainty makes us attracted by the music.
C. Good music can give people more sense of the picture.
D. The listener thinks it pleasing to just enjoy the music.
7. What can be realized when using the research findings?
A. Appearance of more art forms. B. Popularity of AI music.
C. Creation of more popular music. D. Greater music appreciation ability.
8. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Why Music Is So Popular B. How Good Music Comes Out
C. How Music Affects the Brain D. What Makes a Pop Song Catchy
【答案】5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕一项实验展开，在该实验中科学家关于流行音乐和人脑之间的关系进行了研究，揭开一些音乐流行的原因。
5. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Meanwhile, the nucleus accumbens(伏隔核) lit up when the listeners met with uncertainty in the songs. This part of the brain has previously been linked to rewards and getting pleasure from music.(与此同时，当听众在歌曲中遇到不确定性时，伏隔核就会活跃起来。此前，这部分大脑与奖励和从音乐中获得快乐有关。)”可知，伏隔核在大脑的奖赏、快乐、成瘾等活动中起重要作用。伏隔核会在听到音乐中出现不确定的部分时发亮，表明人们正在享受音乐带来的愉悦体验。故选A。
6. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“The researchers didn't expect the nucleus accumbens to only light up when faced with uncertainty in the music, but not an element of surprise. （研究人员没有料到伏隔核只有在面对音乐中的不确定性时才会亮起，但这并不是一个令人惊讶的因素。）”和““We believe its role may instead be to direct the listener towards the music to find out what will happen next (i. e. to settle the uncertainty). ”（“我们相信它的作用可能是引导听众走向音乐，找出下一步会发生什么（例如：解决不确定性。”）”可知，伏隔核遇到音乐中出现不确定的部分时会发亮，是这种不确定部分给听者带来了愉悦感，使得他们想要知道接下来音乐的走向。由此推知，Vincent 认为不确定性让人们被音乐吸引。故选B。
7. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The researchers hope the findings will be used in a range of ways, from creating music with artificial intelligence, to helping songwriters write music, and even predicting upcoming musical trend.(研究人员希望这一发现能应用于一系列方面，从用人工智能创作音乐，到帮助词曲作者创作音乐，甚至预测未来的音乐趋势。)”可知，这项研究成果能帮助歌曲作者创作出更多的受欢迎的音乐。故选C。
8. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Now, scientists say they have found out what makes some music so catchy(悦耳的). Pop songs combine factors of uncertainty and surprise.(现在，科学家们表示，他们已经发现了一些音乐如此吸引人的原因。流行歌曲结合了不确定性和惊喜的因素。)”及全文内容可知，文章主要是介绍了使音乐流行的两个因素。因此D“What Makes a Pop Song Catchy(是什么让流行歌曲朗朗上口)”是最佳选项。故选D。
3
“Once upon a time there was a tiny country called Cornucopia.” Released after years in lockdown, this fairy story like so many unfinished projects has been dusted off in the corona virus (冠状病毒) crisis.
“I liked it because it’s another book by JK Rowling and I like the Harry Potter book.” said one of her fans. JK Rowling surprised fans with the news on Twitter of the stand-alone fairy tale called The Ickabog alongside pictures of the until now unpublished manuscript (手稿).
She revealed how she’d come to think of it as just for the family and kept it in the attic, but that after a bit of rewriting she’d now decided to publish The Ickabog for free online so children in lockdown can read it or have it read to them.
The author confirmed the existence of the story about truth and power in an interview three years ago. “Oh, that was a fairy tale. Yeah, and I ended up. I don’t know whether I’ll ever publish that.” But she’s keen to point out it is not Harry Potter and it doesn’t include magic.
Children’s author Nicola Riley says during the crisis it’s just what children need. “If you can provide something a story, an adventure that will take them to a magical world and transport them there, then I think it will really help right now.”
Young readers are being asked to submit their own artwork to illustrate the book when it goes to print. But for now its online installments (部分) are leaving them fascinated.
9. What does the underlined phrase “dust off” probably mean in the first paragraph?
A. Sold out. B. Called off.
C. Brought out. D. Cleaned off.
10. What was JK Rowling’s original intention about The Ickabog?
A. She had planned to copy it in the attic. B. She had planned not to publish it.
C. She was going to write it for the crisis. D. She was going to sell it online.
11. What can we infer about the book according to the text?
A. The book was not printed until nearly three years ago.
B. JK Rowling suspected the truth and power of the book.
C. The online parts of the book have already attracted readers.
D. Young readers are invited to help design the plots of the book.
12. What can be the best title for the text?
A. A Fairy Book about Corona Crisis B. JK. Rowling Released a New Book
C. Harry Potter Returned to the World D. A Magical Adventure of Harry Potter
【答案】9. C 10. B 11. C 12. B
【解析】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了JK Rowling即将发行新书The Ickabog，书的内容与其背后的故事
9. 词句猜测题。根据第一自然段““Once upon a time there was a tiny country called Cornucopia.”Released after years in lockdown, this fairy story like so many unfinished projects has been dusted off in the corona virus (冠状病毒) crisis. (“很久以前，有个小国叫聚宝角。”这个童话故事在被封锁多年后被释放，跟许多未完成的项目一样，它在冠状病毒危机中被抹去灰尘，重见天日)”中Released after years in lockdown可知，这个故事被尘封多年后重新翻了出来，dusted off(抹去灰尘)是一种比喻的说法，就是指“重新出现”。故选C项。
10. 细节理解题。根据第三自然段“She revealed how she’d come to think of it as just for the family and kept it in the attic, but that after a bit of rewriting she’d now decided to publish The Ickabog for free online so children in lockdown can read it or have it read to them. (她透露，她原本以为这本书只供家人阅读，并把它放在阁楼上，但经过一番修改后，她现在决定在网上免费发布《伊卡博格》，这样被关在禁闭中的孩子们就可以阅读或让人读给他们听)”可知，JK Rowling最初并不打算出版The Ickabog。故选B项。
11. 细节理解题。根据第六自然段“But for now its online installments (部分) are leaving them fascinated. (但就目前而言，它的在线剧集让他们着迷)”可知，这本书的在线剧集已经吸引了读者。故选C项。
12. 主旨大意题。本文是一篇新闻报道，首段““Once upon a time there was a tiny country called Cornucopia.” Released after years in lockdown, this fairy story like so many unfinished projects has been dusted off in the corona virus (冠状病毒) crisis. (“很久以前，有个小国叫聚宝角。”这个童话故事在被封锁多年后被释放，跟许多未完成的项目一样，它在冠状病毒危机中被抹去灰尘，重见天日)”介绍了JK Rowling尘封多年的故事重新被拿了出来，下文都是围绕这一话题展开，介绍了关于这本书的内容和其背后的故事，所以用“JK. Rowling Released a New Book”作为标题恰当得体。故选B项。
4
Numerous studies, including a 2019 review in the journal Annual Research & Review in Biology, have found that both performing and listening to music can have a significant impact on the immune system.
“Certainly music has an impact on the brain, and anxiety and stress impact the immune system,” said Andrew Levin, a neurologist at the University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Levin, an amateur trumpet player who performs with several local ensembles, said he's not an expert in the ways music interacts with the brain. But it works for him. "Music is a part of my stress release paradigm,“ he said. "We know that music can affect brain states, so I don't believe it is much of a stretch to say that music can indirectly affect our physiology, and there is research that supports this notion. ”
According to a 2013 review in the journal Brain Behavior and Immunity, the emotional and psychological effects of listening to music have direct impacts on biomarkers and hormone levels. There is also general consensus among researchers that listening to music reduces cortisol (皮质醇)levels.
Does the type of music matter? It does. Prior associations and relationships with different types of music affect how your body responds. In general, research indicates that “relaxing music” (i. e. slower pace, peaceful music) is better for calming tense nerves， decreasing blood pressure and breath and settling the heart rate.
Singing a different tune? Potvin, a professor of music therapy at Duquesne University, is skeptical of some of the research linking music with the immune system, questioning whether it's healthy to use music or any other tool to resist anxiety. "The research is superficial, though I don't mean that in a negative way,“ he said. "I think the information we have is valuable, but we need to go deeper. ”
13. What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Music. B. Brain. C. Immune system. D. The research.
14. What do we know about relaxing music according to the text?
A. It has fast rhythm.
B. It contributes to a stable heart rate.
C. It does no good to calm tense nerves.
D. It can increase blood pressure and breath.
15. What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Potvin has some prejudice about the research.
B. Potvin thinks further study about it is necessary.
C. Potvin questions whether music effectively resists anxiety.
D. Potvin is convinced of the impact of music on the immune system.
16. What might be the best title of the text?
A. What's the function of music?
B. Does music benefit your brain?
C. How to promote your immune system?
D. Can music boost your immune system?
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. B 16. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了演奏和听音乐对我们的免疫系统产生重要影响。音乐通过影响大脑，减小压力和焦虑，且对人体的各项生物指标、荷尔蒙以及皮质醇的水平都有搜有影响。令人放松的轻音乐效果更好。同时，一些专家也指出，针对音乐对免疫系统的影响的研究还太浅显，需要进一步的深入研究。
13. 词句猜测题。本段开头匹兹堡大学的神经学家Levin教授同时也是意为业余小号演奏家说“Certainly music has an impact on the brain, and anxiety and stress impact the immune system”（音乐当然对大脑有影响，焦虑和压力会影响免疫系统）可知本段在介绍音乐和免疫系统之间的关系。随后，又提出“he's not an expert in the ways music interacts with the brain.”（他不是大脑与音乐互动方式的专家）“But it works for him.”（但是音乐对他有用）又根据后文“Music is a part of my stress release paradigm”（音乐是我减压模式的一部分）可知，it指代music。故选A项。
14. 细节理解题。根据文章中“‘relaxing music’(i. e. slower pace, peaceful music) is better for calming tense nerves， decreasing blood pressure and breath and settling the heart rate.”（“令人放松的音乐”（即：慢节奏，安静的音乐）对舒缓紧张的神经，降低血压和呼吸，稳定心率有较好的效果。）可知，“令人放松的音乐”有助于稳定心率。“contribute to”(有助于)。故选B项。
15. 细节理解题。根据最后Potvin 教授所说"The research is superficial, though I don't mean that in a negative way,“ he said. "I think the information we have is valuable, but we need to go deeper. ”（这项研究是肤浅的，尽管我表示的不是消极的意思。我认为我们所掌握的信息是有价值的，但是我们需要深入研究）。可知，Potvin 教授认为我们更进一步的研究是必要的。故选B项。
16. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“…have found that both performing and listening to music can have a significant impact on the immune system.”(···发现演奏和听音乐对我们的免疫系统产生重要影响。)可知，本文介绍的是音乐和免疫系统的关系。根据关键词“music”（音乐）和“immune system”（免疫系统）可以得到答案。故选D项
二、完形填空
Sasha Masakowski's father is the jazz musician Steve Masakowski. When Sasha was little, he usually asked Sasha to play the 17 while he played the guitar. And he often told her to 18 some pieces using just the white keys or just the black keys. She thought of herself as a little 19 making music with her dad. And these arc always her treasured 20 .
Sasha, now 33 years old, is a(n) 21 musician who was nominated as New Orleans' best female singer and has 22 five record albums. These days, the father and daughter 23 work together, along with Sasha's brother Martin. They usually 24 as the Masakowski Family Band. Recently, the Masakowskis turned their home into a concert 25 Ellis Marsalis, an American jazz pianist, who passed away due to COVID-19.
It's 26 that Sasha has developed an ear for music in her family where both her parents arc musicians. 27 Steve hoped his children would develop a love for jazz, Sasha was very 28 about pop music like many young people.
Once at a high school party, she talked with a boy and learned he was a great fan of her father. That 29 made her realize that her father's music was actually 30 . So after graduation, she entered the University of New Orleans, where her father taught jazz. There she became her father's student 31 .
Sasha and Steve love playing together, and they 32 the common pleasure jazz gives them. Such a close relationship is not always easy. Steve always 33 Sasha for her performance; however, she doesn't 34 , saying he just wants her to 35 and it all comes from love. For Sasha and Steve, it is jazz that deepens the 36 between them.
17. A. violin B. piano C. drum D. triangle
18. A. analyze B. sort C. create D. polish
19. A. composer B. judge C. consultant D. guide
20. A. courses B. memories C. celebrations D. standards
21. A. objective B. controversial C. conservative D. outstanding
22. A. advertised B. reviewed C. released D. collected
23. A. seldom B. still C. eventually D. gradually
24. A. perform B. compete C. plan D. coach
25. A. on behalf of B. in place of C. in charge of D. in honor of
26. A. hopeful B. surprising C. apparent D. appealing
27. A. Although B. Since C. Unless D. If
28. A. anxious B. nervous C. certain D. enthusiastic
29. A. decision B. contest C. exchange D. promise
30. A. amusing B. attractive C. formal D. ambitious
31. A. officially B. personally C. mistakenly D. accidentally
32. A. predict B. overlook C. evaluate D. treasure
33. A. criticizes B. forgives C. praises D. appreciates
34. A. change B. remember C. mind D. accept
35. A. behave B. succeed C. stay D. share
36. A. gap B. snuggle C. difference D. bond
【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C
30. B 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，Sasha Masakowski的音乐路及其父亲Steve Masakowski和音乐家庭对她的影响。
17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sasha小的时候，他经常让Sasha边弹吉，他边弹钢琴。A. violin小提琴；B. piano钢琴；C. drum鼓；D. triangle三角形。由下文的“using just the white keys or just the black keys”可知，要使用黑白琴键，可得出是钢琴。故选B项。
18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他经常让她用白键或黑键创作一些作品。A. analyze分析；B. sort整理；C. create创造；D. polish磨光。由下文的“making music with her dad”可知，Sasha和爸爸一起作曲，可得出是创作作品。故选C项。
19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她认为自己是个小作曲家，和爸爸一起作曲。A. composer作曲家；B. judge法官；C. consultant顾问；D. guide导游。由下文的“making music with her dad”可知，Sasha和爸爸一起作曲，所以觉得自己像个小作曲家。故选A项。
20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些永远是她珍藏的记忆。A. courses课程；B. memories记忆；C. celebrations庆祝；D. standards标准。由上文语境可知，Sasha在回忆和父亲学琴的那些记忆，可得出是回忆。故选B项。
21. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sasha现年33岁，是一位杰出的音乐家，曾被提名为新奥尔良最佳女歌手，并发行了五张专辑。A. objective客观的；B. controversial有争议的；C. conservative保守的；D. outstanding杰出的。由下文的“musician who was nominated as New Orleans' best female singer”可知，Sasha曾被提名为新奥尔良最佳女歌手，可得出她是一位杰出的音乐家。故选D项。
22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sasha现年33岁，是一位杰出的音乐家，曾被提名为新奥尔良最佳女歌手，并发行了五张专辑。A. advertised做广告；B. reviewed复查；C. released释放、发行；D. collected收集。由下文的“five record albums”可知，Sasha是一位杰出的音乐家，发行了五张专辑。故选C项。
23. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这几天，父亲和女儿仍然在一起工作，还有Sasha的哥哥Martin。A. seldom很少；B. still仍然；C. eventually最终；D. gradually渐渐。由本处的“the father and daughter _____ work together”可知，父女俩还在一起创作音乐，可得出仍然在一起工作。故选B项。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们通常作为Masakowski家庭乐队表演。A. perform表演；B. compete比赛；C. plan计划；D. coach训练。由下文的“the Masakowski Family Band”和“the Masakowskis turned their home into a concert”可知，他们形成了Masakowski家庭乐队，家庭乐队会用来表演音乐会。故选A项。
25. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：最近，Masakowski一家把家变成了一场音乐会，以纪念因COVID-19去世的美国爵士乐钢琴家Ellis Marsalis。A. on behalf of代表；B. in place of代替；C. in charge of负责；D. in honor of为了纪念、向……表示敬意。由本处语境可知，他们在家举办音乐会是为了纪念逝世的美国爵士乐钢琴家Ellis Marsalis。故选D项。
26. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，Sasha在她父母都是音乐家的家庭中培养了对音乐的鉴赏力。A. hopeful有希望的；B. surprising令人惊讶的；C. apparent明显的；D. appealing吸引人的。由下文的“Sasha has developed an ear for music in her family where both her parents arc musicians”可知，在音乐背景的家庭中，Sasha很显然对音乐耳濡目染。故选C项。
27. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：很明显，尽管Steve希望他的孩子们能对爵士乐产生热爱，但Sasha和许多年轻人一样，对流行音乐非常热衷。A. Although尽管；B. Since自从；C. Unless除非；D. If假如。由前后句语境可知，前后句表让步关系，用连词Although。故选A项。
28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管Steve希望他的孩子们能对爵士乐产生热爱，但Sasha和许多年轻人一样，对流行音乐非常热衷。A. anxious焦虑的；B. nervous紧张的；C. certain确定的；D. enthusiastic热情的。由前后句表让步关系可知，虽然Steve希望他的孩子们能对爵士乐产生热爱，但Sasha不爱爵士乐，而对流行音乐非常热衷。故选D项。
29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次交流使她意识到她父亲的音乐其实很吸引人。A. decision决定；B. contest比赛；C. exchange交流；D. promise承诺。由上文的“Once at a high school party, she talked with a boy and learned he was a great fan of her father.”可知，在一个高中聚会上，她和一个男孩（她父亲的超级粉丝）聊天，和男孩的交流使她意识到她父亲的音乐其实很吸引人。故选C项。
30. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那次交流使她意识到她父亲的音乐其实很吸引人。A. amusing有趣的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. formal正式的；D. ambitious有野心的。由下文的“he was a great fan of her father”可知，父亲有超级粉丝，说明父亲的音乐其实很吸引人。故选B项。
31. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在那里她正式成为她父亲的学生。A. officially正式地；B. personally本人；C. mistakenly错误地；D. accidentally意外地。由上文的“So after graduation, she entered the University of New Orleans, where her father taught jazz.”可知，毕业后，她进入了她父亲教爵士乐的新奥尔良大学，父亲是新奥尔良大学的音乐老师，可得出她正式成为她父亲的学生。故选A项。
32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sasha和Steve喜欢一起演奏，他们珍视爵士乐带给他们的共同乐趣。A. predict预测；B. overlook忽略；C. evaluate评估；D. treasure珍视。由上文的“And these arc always her treasured _____.”可知，Sasha珍视和父亲学琴的那些记忆，可得出她也珍视爵士乐带给他们的共同乐趣。故选D项。
33. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Steve总是批评Sasha的表现；不过，她并不介意，说他只是想让她成功，一切都来自爱。A. criticizes批评；B. forgives原谅；C. praises赞赏；D. appreciates欣赏。由上文语境可知，父亲成为了Sasha的老师，老师的专业性肯定让父亲Steve总是批评Sasha的表现。故选A项。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Steve总是批评Sasha的表现；不过，她并不介意，说他只是想让她成功，一切都来自爱。A. change改变；B. remember记得；C. mind介意；D. accept接受。由上文的“however”可知，上文讲父亲Steve总是批评Sasha的表现，表转折，可得出女儿Sasha并不介意。故选C项。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Steve总是批评Sasha的表现；不过，她并不介意，说他只是想让她成功，一切都来自爱。A. behave表现；B. succeed成功；C. stay停留；D. share分享。由上文语境和常识可知，作为老师的父亲Steve总是批评Sasha的表现，是希望女儿Sasha成功，音乐学的越来越好。故选B项。
36. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对Sasha和Steve来说，爵士乐加深了他们之间的联系。A. gap差距；B. snuggle紧贴；C. difference差异；D. bond联系。由上文的“a close relationship”可知，爵士乐加深了他们之间的联系。故选D项。
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing Culture's time-travel comedy Hi, Mom, which opened the Lunar New Year holiday in distant second place behind Wanda Picture's Detective Chinatown 3, has suddenly risen to the front of the pack.
The sudden change reflects the extent 37. which Hi, Mom has become China's clear favorite among the Lunar New Year offerings. 38. (write), directed by and co-starring female filmmaker Jia Ling, Hi, Mom has received the 39. (good)user review ratings by far of the seven films currently on release. The film stars Chinese comedy veteran(经验丰富的人)Jia as a devoted daughter 40. world is turned upside-down after her mother dies suddenly in 41. accident. In a state of 42. (emotion)crisis, she finds herself mysteriously transported back to 1981, when she meets her mother(Zhang Xiaofei)and the social group of her youth. Jia's character attempts to improve her 43. (mother) life by using ideas from the future, but her plans 44. (repeat)go wrong.
Hi, Mom reflects on how Jia misses her late mother Li Huanying, who once encouraged her 45. (pursue)her artistic dreams. The film 46. (base)on her memories of their time together. Thanks to Hi, Mom's powerful performance to date, Jia is already China's most commercially successful female filmmaker ever.
【答案】
37. to
38. Written
39. best
40. whose
41. an
42. emotional
43. mother's
44. repeatedly
45. to pursue
46. is based
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由女导演贾玲自编自导并联合主演的影片《你好，李焕英》，包括票房情况和制作背景。
37. 考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句。句意：这突如其来的变化（指第一段中阐述的《你好，李焕英》的票房上升）反映了《你好，李焕英》成为国内春节档最受欢迎影片的程度。to some extent为固定短语，表示“在某种程度上”，本句中extent作先行词，引导定语从句的关系词需用to which。故填to。
38. 考查非谓语动词。句意：由女导演贾玲自编自导并联合主演的《你好，李焕英》在目前正在上映的七部电影中获得了最佳的用户评价。分析句子可知，逻辑主语Hi,Mom 与write之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词written作状语，并且该词置于句首，首字母需大写。故填Written。
39. 考查形容词最高级。句意：由女导演贾玲自编自导并联合主演的《你好，李焕英》在目前正在上映的七部电影中获得了最佳的用户评价。根据句中的the和by far of the seven films可知这里要用形容词good的最高级。故填best。
40. 考查定语从句关系词。句意：中国喜剧老将贾玲是一位孝顺的女儿，她的母亲在一场意外中突然去世后，她的世界发生了翻天覆地的变化。本句中daughter作先行词，替代它的关系词在后面的定语从句中作定语，修饰名词world，所以定语从句由关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
41. 考查冠词。句意：中国喜剧老将贾玲是一位孝顺的女儿，她的母亲在一场意外中突然去世后，她的世界发生了翻天覆地的变化。accident“事故”为可数名词，此处泛指一场事故，应用不定冠词，且accident以元音音素发音开头，故填an。
42. 考查形容词。句意：在情绪崩溃的状态下，她发现自己竟然回到了1981年，在那里她遇到了母亲(张小斐饰)以及母亲年轻时的伙伴。句中crisis是名词，前面应由形容词修饰，所给词emotion是名词，其形容词是emotional。故填emotional。
43. 考查名词所有格。句意：贾玲的角色试图用未来的想法来改善母亲的生活，但她的计划屡遭失败。句中life用名词所有格修饰，表示“母亲的生活”，所给词mother的名词所有格是mother's。故填mother's。
44. 考查副词。句意：贾玲的角色试图用未来的想法来改善母亲的生活，但她的计划屡遭失败。本句中用动词词组go wrong表示失败，需用副词做状语来修饰动词，所给词repeat先变为形容词repeated，再变为副词repeatedly。故填repeatedly。
45. 考查不定式。句意：《你好，李焕英》反映了贾玲是多么想念她已故的母亲李华英，她曾经鼓励她追求自己的艺术梦想。此处为固定短语encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，不定式作宾补。故填to pursue。
46. 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：这部电影是根据她对她们在一起时光的回忆改编的。固定短语be based on表示“以……为基础”，此处描述一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是单数名词The film，所以谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填is based。
四、应用文写作
　　假定你是李华, 想邀请外教Henry 一起参观中国剪纸(paper-cutting)艺术展。请给他写封邮件, 内容包括:
1. 展览时间、地点;
2. 展览内容。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
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【参考范文】
Dear Henry,
I’m writing to invite you to visit a Chinese paper-cutting exhibition, which will be held in our school hall on May 5th Saturday.
Paper-cutting is a traditional Chinese art with a long history, which is popular among many people. More importantly, at the exhibition we can enjoy some masterpieces showing the patterns of some animals and Chinese characters. They look so attractive and alive that I think you could be interested in the exhibition and at the same time you will have a better understanding of traditional Chinese culture.
Can you spare time to take part in it? I’m looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua