2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题（语篇填空）：短文填空（含答案）

这是一份2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题（语篇填空）：短文填空（含答案），共22页。
2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题（语篇填空）：短文填空
一．短文填空（共15小题）
1．（2021•辉县市模拟）第二节 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
    Traveling by subway can sometimes be quite（1）　   　 adventure（冒险），especially during rush hour. There are the times when you have to avoid cups of coffee that could spill（使流出）on you. The smells of some passengers' food are very strong，too.
    According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations（规章），passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed（2）　   　eat or drink on the subway. Some support the rule，they think the smell （3）　   　 food and drink can make other passengers feel uncomfortable.
    However，others question this rule. Some people live（4）　   　 far from their work places that they have little time to have breakfast before they go to work. Eating while they travel saves them time. And some people will get sick if they can't eat（5）　   　 they must， like those people with low﹣blood sugar levels.
    What do you think of it？
2．（2021•重庆模拟）The jobs of the future have not been invented，so how can you help your kids prepare for job，that don't yet exist （存在）？By helping them develop some basic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future will be like.
①Being curious. （好奇的）
    Kids without curiosity are （1）　   　 a dry river.Your children need to be deeply curious.When you are at home，encourage kids to （2）　   　 you in cooking.Ask them， "What ingredients（ 配料）can we add to make this dish better？ " and then try them out. "Did those ingredients make it better？What could we try next time？"
②Being creative.
    It's true that kids are born with creativity.But they may not be allowed to be too creative or special （3）　   　 they spend many years at school.They have to follow others' steps and gradually （4）　   　 to be special or do something different.You can give kids chances to create something new freely and give them a hand only when necessary.They will certainly make mistakes along the way and may （5）　   　 fail hundreds of times，but it will probably develop their creativity.
③Being able to read people.
    Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what is going on inside our own head，but what about others？If kids can read people，they won't misunderstand a situation or make a（6）　   　  decision.We can do this in real life by asking kids "Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？" or ask questions about characters in stories， "Why do you think she is crying？" "If someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？"
④Being able to express themselves well.
    Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.There are many（7）　   　 to express thoughts and ideas﹣music，acting，drawing，building，photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than （8）　   　 .Encourage your kid to stick to it and practice more，and he or she will improve a lot.
3．（2021•沙坪坝区校级模拟）Dear Past Bingbing，
 Hi!I am Bingbing，your future self!I know that you are really worried about your （1）　   　in the future，so I wanted to write this letter in order to make you feel relaxed.
 I'm sorry to say that you won't become a pilot as you wanted.In the future，large passengers airplanes will fly themselves and won't need pilots.But there is a big problem in the future that you don't have now. （2）　   　 will drive cars or take public transportation anymore.They will use personal jet packs（喷气背包）instead.Can you imagine （3）　   　 the traffic will be like in the future？There will be（4）　   　 many jet packs in the sky that the whole city will look busy and crowded.Someone needs to control all these people to prevent accidents.And that' s what you do：you're a jet pack air traffic controller.
 There are many good points about your job.One of them is that you don't have to（5）　   　home.You will use a virtual reality headset（ 虚拟现实头盔）and microphone to do your job while you are sitting on the sofa drinking tea.As long as you work on your communication skills from now on，being an excellent traffic controller will be no problem for you.The （6）　   　points？Too many jet packs in the sky!And sometimes some jet pack drivers will go （7）　   　the traffic rules，causing traffic accidents.
 All in all，I am sure you will be happy with this job.But （8）　   　 you can make this come true or not depends on how hard you study now.Come on!I trust you!
   
Best regards，
 Future Bingbing
4．（2021•重庆模拟）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
In February，the Ministry of Education suggested that mobile phones should be banned（禁止） in primary and secondary schools.Almost all parents clap their hands（1）　   　good both for students' eyesight and for their schoolwork.But how would students feel schools banned phones in class？
    Xu Xiaobei，a 13﹣year﹣old from Zhejiang.supports the policy. "In fact，my school has（2）　   　allowed us to bring our mobile phones，" Xu said， "My teachers always believe that playing with phones is a（3）　   　of time，compared with reading and doing sports adults can't control themselves，let alone kids."
     Li Zihan from Beijing，however，thinks that the ban is too simplistic for a generation that has grown up with mobile phones."Students should be（4）　   　self﹣management skills，as well as learn how to use their phones effectively to help with their school life."
    For Ge Ziqi，the problem with banning phones has more to do with life（5）　   　school.The 13﹣year﹣old Beijinger uses a bike﹣ sharing app every day to travel between her home and school. "Today，no（6）　   　ways are more convenient than paying by phone，from taking a bus to buying food，" she said， "If I can't take my phone with me，I'll have to buy a bicycle of my（7）　   　.
    To solve the problem like Ge's，some ideas teachers have come up with（8）　   　really well.At Shanghai Shatian School，for example，students are asked to put their phones in special lockers（储物柜）.The students call these lockers the "phone farm"（"养机场"） or "phone Tarmac"（"停机坪"）.
5．（2021•澄海区模拟）请用适当的词完成下面的短文，并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词，并将答案写在答题卡指定的位置上。
Last year，I went to Italy as an exchange student.Before leaving，I asked my mother what gifts I should（1）　   　to the teachers and the students there.Mom said that the Chinese fan was a good choice，for Chinese is（2）　   　 as "the Fan Kingdom".I couldn't agree more，because it is more than a tool for cooling.It's also an important part of Chinese（3）　   　.
    I went shopping and bought（4）　   　 kinds of Chinese fans.The first kind was the feather fan for the teachers，which was made of bird feather.It was the symbol of Zhuge Liang ﹣﹣﹣ a very smart man（5）　   　was a great politician（政治家） in the Three Kingdom period of China.The fans I bought for the girls were silk fans.They were also called "round silk fans".Fans of this kind were made of silk with painting of beautiful women，birds（6）　   　flowers.They were very popular with women of all ages.As for the boys，I picked the folding fans from Rongchang，a place in the west（7）　   　Chongqing.The folding fans were made of paper and bamboo and there（8）　   　great paintings and calligraphy（书法）on them.Compared to other kinds of fans，folding fans were（9）　   　 folded and carried.
    At the welcome party in Italy，my new teachers and classmates were all（10）　   　 to get the wonderful fans.And they were even more excited after learning about the stories and culture behind them.
6．（2021•渝中区模拟）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
On June 3，2020，a document（文件）by the Ministry of Education（MOE 教育部）included labour（劳动） education as a compulsory course（必修课）for high school students.
    According to Xinhua，many Chinese people are worrying that the country's young students do too little housework.For example，a survey found that students in China only spend about 12 minutes a day（1）　   　 housework，while American students spend 72 minutes and in South Korea，42 minutes.Besides，schools and parents sometimes focus on（关注）students'（2）　   　and see physical work as distractions（干扰）.
    But from now on， （3）　   　study and no physical work won't do.The labour course takes six credits（（学分）﹣﹣the same（4）　   　foreign language and physics.Voluntary service，as a part of labour education，would take two credits.And the MOE asks students to do 40 hours' voluntary service during the three school years.
    （5）　   　 is labour education so important？According to the Ministry of Education，labour education（6）　   　build students' view（视野）of the world，life and values and makes them be （7）　   　in physical work.Through such education，students will get basic working （8）　   　 for life and form good working habits.
7．（2021•中山市模拟）请用适当的词完成下面的短文，并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。每个空只 能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Yan Wei is from Shandong Province，China.He became the country's first（1）　   　 runner to finish a 100﹣ultramarathon （超级马拉松）in Shanghai on October18.
    Yan became blind（2）　   　 he was a young boy.He first（3）　   　to run to lose weight because he thought he was a little heavy.One day，he learned from the Internet that blind runners could also attend marathon events（4）　   　the help of guide runners.In 2015，Yan took part in the Beijing Marathon.In the end，he tried his（5）　   　to finish the full course accompanied（陪同） by volunteer  guide  runners.This  became（6）　   　beginning  of  Yan's  marathon  dream.In  the following years，he appeared in more marathon events all over the country.
    In April 2017，Yan made（7）　   　big achievement（成就）in his life.He finished Boston Marathon in 4 hours and 26 minutes，and he became the first blind runner from mainland China to（8）　   　 the world's oldest marathon event.
    " I really admire his optimism（乐观） and persistence（坚持）.He lives like a（9）　   　，too young to know what sadness is.When you talk to him，you'll（10）　   　think he's blind， " said Lu，one of Yan's long﹣time partners.
8．（2021•海丰县模拟）Zhang Guimei is headmaster of Huaping High School for Girls.She has made great contributions （贡献）to （1）　   　 education for girls from poor families.
    It was （2）　   　 to set up a school，but Zhang never stopped.After years of trying to raise （3）　   　，in 2008，the Huaping High School for Girls，was founded in Lijiang，Yunnan province.It is the first high school for poor girls to （4）　   　 without tuition（学费）.Zhang spends most of her salary（工资）（5）　   　 her students.She has been living in school for 12 years.Although she has serious health problems，she always takes morning classes with her students.She has covered for nearly 110，000 kilometers （6）　   　 visiting her students' families these years.Additionally，she （7）　   　 a part﹣time job as head of a local orphanage（孤儿院），caring for over130 orphans.
    Thanks to her efforts，over 1，800 girls have （8）　   　 universities after finishing studies in her school so far. （9）　   　 get more knowledge and lead better lives in the future.
    Millions of people are （10）　   　 moved by Zhang's spirit.What she has done will encourage us to follow her example.She is"the role model of the Times and she has been a role model for teachers in China.
9．（2021•岳阳县模拟）Trees are useful to man in three very important ways .The first important way is that they provide man（1）　   　food， wood and other products（产品）.Trees provide man and animals with food to live （2）　   　 the earth.It's not easy （3）　   　 man to live on the earth without trees.
    The（4）　   　important way is that trees give us shade（树荫）.On a hot summer day， people can have （5）　   　rest under the shade of a tree after they have walked a long way. You can imagine （6）　   　important the shade of a tree is to man and animals.
    The third important （7）　   　 is that trees help to prevent droughts（干旱）and floods.However，in many parts of the world，man has（8）　   　 realized the third important way .They cut（9）　   　trees in large numbers.（10）　   　 the end ， they find that they have lost their best friends.
10．（2021•铁岭模拟）根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确。（每个词只能用一次，有两个多余词）
might，at，healthy，down，but，it，enjoy，later，reasons ，all ，but ，So
    My husband and I bought a house when we were in our fifties.One of the （1）　   　 I bought it was that it was so attractive.It had a big Japanese red pine，which looked beautiful in our front yard.For 20 years，it was a beauty to（2）　   　who passed by.Raccoons（浣熊）climbed （3）　   　branches.It shaded the bright sun over my small garden of roses and bushes（灌木丛）that I'd planted for bees.
   Early last year，a heavy snowfall hit our city.While we were （4）　   　a quiet Saturday morning，the house shook and we heard aloud crash（撞击声）.The tree had fallen，taking out most of the bushes in our yard. （5）　   　we call forestry workers，who cut off its truck and branches and took the wood away.After a week，the yard was still a mess，with wood shavings（木屑）and holes everywhere.
   In March，I bought a few new bush and rose seedlings to replace those that I thought hadn't lived.But in May，plenty of new flowers were growing in the yard!As the sun shone （6）　   　，the flowers were able to grow and attract bees.My old bushes grew back and were（7）　   　than ever before!Our yard turned into a beautiful garden.And this summer，one year（8）　   　，all of the plants are three times bigger than they were before.
   Life might be hard for you （9）　   　the moment，but you never know what the future holds.It（10）　   　just be much brighter.
11．（2021•濮阳模拟）
The Clever Learning Methods
    Why do you need study skills？ Because they will make（1）　   　 easy for you to learn and do well in class， especially as you move up to middle school and high school.
    ◆Take good notes
    Not sure how to take notes？ Start by writing down facts that your teacher mentions or writes on the blackboard in class. Try your（2）　   　 to use good handwriting so that you can read your notes later.
    ◆Plan（3）　   　 tests
    It's not wise of you to wait until Thursday night to study for Friday's test. It also makes it hard to do your best.
    You'll feel sorry for putting（4）　   　 things often. One of the best ways is to plan ahead.
    ◆Get a good night's sleep
    The test is tomorrow and you've followed your study plan， but suddenly you can't remember anything， not even 2 + 2! Don't worry. Try to get a good night's sleep and you'll be surprised by what comes back to you（5）　   　 the morning!
12．（2020•驿城区模拟）阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
    These days， many pictures of Chinese students wearing winged﹣hats have been posted online. They use the hats（1）　   　 practice social distancing when they return to school. Many people say the hats look like those worn during the Song Dynasty.
    The hats were designed by Zhao Kuangyin， the first emperor of the dynasty. One day， when listening to a minister's report， Zhao noticed that many ministers were whispering to each other and not respecting court rules. Zhao came up with （2）　   　solution. He required that wings should （3）　   　added to the ministers' hats.
    Using a metal plate and bamboo strips as the frame， the "wings" prevented the ministers from talking to others sitting beside them. Sine then， the court order had been kept. （4）　   　 the story is recorded in a book from the Yuan Dynasty （1271﹣1368）， some historians think it may not be true.
    The wing﹣like extensions might just be a decoration （5）　   　could make people look dignified. As they were not convenient to wear， the hats gradually disappeared in later dynasties.
13．（2020•濠江区模拟）请用适当的词完成下面这篇短文，每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
    "Put one foot in front of the other，smile and just keep on rolling."
﹣﹣Kobe Bryant，2008.
    Kobe Bryant was famous as （1）　   　 basketball player，but his achievements stand far outside the basketball world.He （2）　   　 an Oscar for his short film， "Dear Basketball"，in 2018.It was based on a poem he wrote announcing his retirement（宣布退役） from the NBA.
    Bryant said the idea to make it into a film was from his （3）　   　，Gianna，who told him， "Dad，you always tell us to go after （4）　   　 dreams，so man up." And she was right.He called the Oscar a（5）　   　 meaningful achievement than winning an NBA title（称号）. "To be honest，I feel better than winning a championship，" Bryant said （6）　   　 he was interviewed by some reporters.
    Kobe （7）　   　 considered as one of the greatest NBA players of all time.As a child，he worked really hard to make his basketball dream come （8）　   　.He is a super star that hundreds of thousands of basketball fans look up to.However，to all fans' sorrow（悲痛），he and Gianna were killed in a helicopter crash （9）　   　 January 28，2020.It is a huge loss for not only his family （10）　   　 also the basketball world.Kobe Bryant will live in the hearts of his fans forever and Mamba Mentality（曼巴精神） will keep encouraging them.
14．（2020•璧山区一模）OK is one of the most common expressions on the earth. We use it for so many times every day. "How about two o'clock， OK？" "OK." "OK" is （1）　   　 to say， write and understand and is widely used. Each year， （2）　   　 March 23， people celebrate the "OK Day" together. It has been 180 years since it appeared.
    Not only in English﹣speaking countries， but also in many other （3）　   　 around the world， people like to use OK. What makes OK so popular？ It's hard to say. Maybe It's because OK is simple but useful. With OK， people can answer simply （4）　   　 of explaining a lot. For example， if someone asks you to go for a walk after lunch， you can simply say "OK". No reason needs to （5）　   　 given.
    Where did this simple expression come from？ Some people say OK was the name of somebody or something， but （6）　   　 think it started in the American Civil War（美国内战）.
    Some might argue that the word is not formal enough to be used in some important situations. （7）　   　， even the president（总统） of the United States once used OK in his speeches.
    So， don't worry. It's OK to say OK. No matter （8）　   　 you go， someone will understand you if you say OK.
15．（2020•重庆二模）Club activities after class hours are an important part of our school life．There are a number of sports and cultural study clubs that students may（1）　   　．Students are free to choose the clubs they are （2）　   　in．Nobody forces you to choose this club or that one．Some students join two or more while only a very few （3）　   　join any clubs at all．The students organize all the clubs by（4）　   　without the help of teachers．
    The clubs meet two to four times a week after school．Many students feel that club activities are the most enjoyable part of Senior High School life．When we asked them the （5）　   　 ："What interests you most in daily life？"These were their answers：
    Classes：28%；Teachers：24%；Club activities：38% and others 10%．Young people spend a lot of time in club activities （6）　   　 and they often become true friends．In China，people believe that true friends are people who have had similar life experiences．These friendships often  （7）　   　a long time after graduation．Many graduates say their best memories of Senior High School life are the days they spent together．Some students become lifelong friends because （8）　   　  this．

2022年中考英语复习之挑战压轴题（语篇填空）：短文填空（15题）
参考答案与试题解析
一．短文填空（共15小题）
1．（2021•辉县市模拟）第二节 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
    Traveling by subway can sometimes be quite（1）　an　 adventure（冒险），especially during rush hour. There are the times when you have to avoid cups of coffee that could spill（使流出）on you. The smells of some passengers' food are very strong，too.
    According to the Beijing subway passenger regulations（规章），passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed（2）　to　eat or drink on the subway. Some support the rule，they think the smell （3）　of　 food and drink can make other passengers feel uncomfortable.
    However，others question this rule. Some people live（4）　so　 far from their work places that they have little time to have breakfast before they go to work. Eating while they travel saves them time. And some people will get sick if they can't eat（5）　when　 they must， like those people with low﹣blood sugar levels.
    What do you think of it？
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】本文主要讲的是北京地铁乘客条例，这项规章也受到了一些人的质疑。
【解答】（1）an 考查冠词。根据Traveling by subway can sometimes be quite…adventure，可知是指乘地铁有时是一种相当冒险的旅行。此处表泛指，an adventure一次冒险，故填an.
（2）to 考查介词。根据passengers except babies and the sick are no longer allowed…eat or drink on the subway，可知是指除婴儿和病人外，其他乘客不得在地铁上吃喝，be allowed to do sth允许做某事故填to.
（3）of 考查介词。根据the smell…food ，可知是指食物的味道。the smell of……的味道，故填of.
（4）so 考查副词。根据题干，可知是指一些人住得离工作地点加此远以致于去上班前没有时间吃早饭。考查句型so…that…如此……以至于……，故填so.
（5）when 考查连词。根据some people will get sick if they can't eat when they must， like those people with low﹣blood sugar levels，可知是指：有些人如果在必须吃的时候不能吃，就会生病，比如那些低血糖的人。此处是when引导时间状语从句。故填when.
【点评】认真阅读短文，正确理解文章内容。根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
2．（2021•重庆模拟）The jobs of the future have not been invented，so how can you help your kids prepare for job，that don't yet exist （存在）？By helping them develop some basic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future will be like.
①Being curious. （好奇的）
    Kids without curiosity are （1）　like　 a dry river.Your children need to be deeply curious.When you are at home，encourage kids to （2）　join　 you in cooking.Ask them， "What ingredients（ 配料）can we add to make this dish better？ " and then try them out. "Did those ingredients make it better？What could we try next time？"
②Being creative.
    It's true that kids are born with creativity.But they may not be allowed to be too creative or special （3）　when　 they spend many years at school.They have to follow others' steps and gradually （4）　try　 to be special or do something different.You can give kids chances to create something new freely and give them a hand only when necessary.They will certainly make mistakes along the way and may （5）　also　 fail hundreds of times，but it will probably develop their creativity.
③Being able to read people.
    Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what is going on inside our own head，but what about others？If kids can read people，they won't misunderstand a situation or make a（6）　wrong　  decision.We can do this in real life by asking kids "Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？" or ask questions about characters in stories， "Why do you think she is crying？" "If someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？"
④Being able to express themselves well.
    Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.There are many（7）　ways　 to express thoughts and ideas﹣music，acting，drawing，building，photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than （8）　one　 .Encourage your kid to stick to it and practice more，and he or she will improve a lot.
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】本文介绍了四项能帮助孩子找工作的技能。
【解答】（1）like 考查介词。根据题干，可知此处缺介词。这是个比喻"没有好奇心的孩子就像干涸的河流，故填like.
（2）join 考查动词。根据题干，可知此处缺动词。此句句意是"当你在家时，鼓励孩子跟你一起做饭"，此空后接有you in cooking，故填join.
（3）when 考查连词。根据题干，可知此处缺连词。此句句意是"但是当他们在学校上学时，可能不会允许太有创意或太特别。"故填when.
（4）try 考查动词。根据题干，可知此处缺动词。此句句意是"你可以给孩子们机会自由地去尝试新东西且只在必要时帮把手。"故填try.
（5）also 考查副词。根据They will certainly make mistakes along the way and may...fail hundreds of times，可知是指：他们肯定会犯错误，也可能失败数百次，故填also.
（6）wrong 考查形容词。根据they won't misunderstand a situation or make a...decision，可知是指：他们不会误解情况或做出错误的决定。故填wrong.
（7）ways 考查名词。根据题干，可知此处缺名词。此句意为"有很多种方法来表达想法和主意"，此句后的music，acting，drawing，building，photography是填此空的关键，是指表达思想和想法有很多种方式。故填ways.
（8）one 考查代词。根据题干，可知此处缺代词。此空应是和others比较的词，此处用one代替许多方法中的一个，故填one.
【点评】答题时要先通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境以及上下文逐一作答。要考虑句型，语法，固定搭配等因素。最后通读一遍，逐一验证答案。
3．（2021•沙坪坝区校级模拟）Dear Past Bingbing，
 Hi!I am Bingbing，your future self!I know that you are really worried about your （1）　life　in the future，so I wanted to write this letter in order to make you feel relaxed.
 I'm sorry to say that you won't become a pilot as you wanted.In the future，large passengers airplanes will fly themselves and won't need pilots.But there is a big problem in the future that you don't have now. （2）　Nobody　 will drive cars or take public transportation anymore.They will use personal jet packs（喷气背包）instead.Can you imagine （3）　what　 the traffic will be like in the future？There will be（4）　so　 many jet packs in the sky that the whole city will look busy and crowded.Someone needs to control all these people to prevent accidents.And that' s what you do：you're a jet pack air traffic controller.
 There are many good points about your job.One of them is that you don't have to（5）　leave　home.You will use a virtual reality headset（ 虚拟现实头盔）and microphone to do your job while you are sitting on the sofa drinking tea.As long as you work on your communication skills from now on，being an excellent traffic controller will be no problem for you.The （6）　other　points？Too many jet packs in the sky!And sometimes some jet pack drivers will go （7）　against　the traffic rules，causing traffic accidents.
 All in all，I am sure you will be happy with this job.But （8）　whether　 you can make this come true or not depends on how hard you study now.Come on!I trust you!
   
Best regards，
 Future Bingbing
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】文章以未来的兵兵给现在的兵兵的一封信的方式，来叙述在未来的一些联想，比如将有无人驾驶的飞机，不用直接走回家等。
【解答】（1）life.考查名词。根据句意，我知道你真的很担心你未来的生活，结合上文提到your future self我是你未来的自己，下文讲的是make you feel relaxed让你感到放松，可推断出这里填入你未来的生活。故答案为：life。
（2）Nobody.考查代词。根据句意，没有人会再开车或乘坐公共交通工具。参考下文They will use personal jet packs instead，相反，他们会使用喷气背包，可推出没人开车，填入不定代词nobody，注意句首要大写。故答案为：Nobody。
（3）what.考查疑问词。根据句意，你能想象未来的交通会是什么样子吗？参考本句结构，可知空处缺少the traffic will be like 的宾语，所以用疑问词what指代。故答案为：what。
（4）so.考查连词。根据句意，天空中会有很多喷气背包，整个城市会看起来繁忙和拥挤。结合本句结构和下文that，可判断是so...that....如此……以至于……。故答案为：so。
（5）leave.考查动词。根据句意，其中之一就是你不必离开家。参考下文You will use a virtual reality headset and microphone to do your job while you are sitting on the sofa drinking tea.当你坐在沙发上喝茶的时候，你可以使用虚拟现实耳机和麦克风来完成你的工作，可知这些都可以在家里完成，不需要出门工作，不必离开家。故答案为：leave。
（6）other.考查形容词。根据句意，其他优点呢。参考本段首句There are many good points about your job.你的工作有很多优点，本句是递进关系，表示还有什么优点呢？other，其他的，形容词，修饰空后的名词points，符合题意。故答案为：other。
（7）against.考查介词。根据句意，有时，一些喷气背包司机会违反交通规则，造成交通事故。参考下文causing traffic accidents.引发交通事故，可知本句为违反交通规则，用go against表示违反。故答案为：against。
（8）whether.考查连词。根据句意，但你能否实现这一点取决于你现在有多努力学习。参考本句结构和下文的or not，可推断是whether，符合whether...or not...结构，无论怎样。故答案为：whether。
【点评】考查单词拼写，根据所给的中文意思写出相对应的单词，还要注意名词的单复数等。
4．（2021•重庆模拟）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
In February，the Ministry of Education suggested that mobile phones should be banned（禁止） in primary and secondary schools.Almost all parents clap their hands（1）　say　good both for students' eyesight and for their schoolwork.But how would students feel schools banned phones in class？
    Xu Xiaobei，a 13﹣year﹣old from Zhejiang.supports the policy. "In fact，my school has（2）　not　allowed us to bring our mobile phones，" Xu said， "My teachers always believe that playing with phones is a（3）　waste　of time，compared with reading and doing sports adults can't control themselves，let alone kids."
     Li Zihan from Beijing，however，thinks that the ban is too simplistic for a generation that has grown up with mobile phones."Students should be（4）　taught　self﹣management skills，as well as learn how to use their phones effectively to help with their school life."
    For Ge Ziqi，the problem with banning phones has more to do with life（5）　in　school.The 13﹣year﹣old Beijinger uses a bike﹣ sharing app every day to travel between her home and school. "Today，no（6）　other　ways are more convenient than paying by phone，from taking a bus to buying food，" she said， "If I can't take my phone with me，I'll have to buy a bicycle of my（7）　own　.
    To solve the problem like Ge's，some ideas teachers have come up with（8）　it　really well.At Shanghai Shatian School，for example，students are asked to put their phones in special lockers（储物柜）.The students call these lockers the "phone farm"（"养机场"） or "phone Tarmac"（"停机坪"）.
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】文章主要讲述了在2月份，教育部建议在小学和初中学校应该禁止手机的使用。从而引发的一些学生的讨论。
【解答】（1）say.考查动词。根据句意，几乎所有的父母拍手叫好，对于学生的视力和他们的学校作业都有好处。拍手叫好，clap one′s hands say good。故答案为：say。
（2）not.考查副词。根据句意，"事实上，我的学校不允许我们带手机，"不允许某人做某事，not allow sb.to do sth.，本句为现在完成时，用的助动词has，直接填入表否定的not。故答案为：not。
（3）waste.考查名词。根据句意，"我的老师总是认为玩手机是浪费时间"，浪费时间，a waste of time。故答案为：waste。
（4）taught.考查动词。根据句意，"学生们应该学习自我管理技能"，情态动词的被动语态结构为：should be+动词的过去分词，teach的过去分词为taught。故答案为：taught。
（5）in.考查介词。根据句意，对葛子奇来说，禁止使用手机的问题更多地与学校生活有关。学校生活，life in school。故答案为：in。
（6）other.考查代词。根据句意，"今天，没有什么比用手机付款更方便的了"，no other way，没有其它的方式，other是形容词，修饰空后的ways，符合句法和句意。故答案为：other。
（7）own.考查名词。根据句意，"如果我不能随身携带手机，我就只能自己买一辆自行车"，of one′s own，固定搭配，某人自己的，符合题意。故答案为：own。
（8）it.考查代词。根据句意，为了解决像葛这样的问题，老师们提出了一些很好的想法。空处填入代词it，指代上文提到的the problem，符合句法和句意。故答案为：it。
【点评】首先要通读短文，掌握大意，特别要注意上下文之间的联系，确定某处需要的词汇和形式，就可以确定正确答案。
5．（2021•澄海区模拟）请用适当的词完成下面的短文，并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词，并将答案写在答题卡指定的位置上。
Last year，I went to Italy as an exchange student.Before leaving，I asked my mother what gifts I should（1）　take　to the teachers and the students there.Mom said that the Chinese fan was a good choice，for Chinese is（2）　known　 as "the Fan Kingdom".I couldn't agree more，because it is more than a tool for cooling.It's also an important part of Chinese（3）　culture　.
    I went shopping and bought（4）　three　 kinds of Chinese fans.The first kind was the feather fan for the teachers，which was made of bird feather.It was the symbol of Zhuge Liang ﹣﹣﹣ a very smart man（5）　who　was a great politician（政治家） in the Three Kingdom period of China.The fans I bought for the girls were silk fans.They were also called "round silk fans".Fans of this kind were made of silk with painting of beautiful women，birds（6）　and　flowers.They were very popular with women of all ages.As for the boys，I picked the folding fans from Rongchang，a place in the west（7）　of　Chongqing.The folding fans were made of paper and bamboo and there（8）　were　great paintings and calligraphy（书法）on them.Compared to other kinds of fans，folding fans were（9）　easily　 folded and carried.
    At the welcome party in Italy，my new teachers and classmates were all（10）　excited　 to get the wonderful fans.And they were even more excited after learning about the stories and culture behind them.
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】本文讲述了作者作为交换成去了意大利，在动身之前为意大利的老师和同学挑选中国的特色﹣﹣扇子的故事。本文还详细介绍了三种中国的扇子，分别是：羽扇，丝绸扇和折扇。
【解答】（1）take.考查动词。根据句意，临走前，我问了妈妈我应该给那里的老师和学生带什么礼物，take sth.to sb.给某人带去某物，空前should为情态动词，后接动词原形。故答案为：take。
（2）known.考查动词。根据句意，因为中国有"扇子王国"之称，结合固定搭配be known as做为什么而出名。故答案为：known。
（3）culture.考查名词。根据句意，它（扇子）也是中国文化的重要组成部分，语境体现的扇子就是中国文化。故答案为：culture。
（4）three.考查数词。根据句意，我去购物，买了三种中国风扇，下文提到了三种扇子，所以这里填入数词three。故答案为：three。
（5）who.考查疑问代词。根据句意，一个非常聪明的人，是中国三国时期一个伟大的政治家本句为定语从句，先行词为空前的man，用引导词who来指人。故答案为：who。
（6）and.考查连词。根据句意，这种扇子是用丝绸制成的，上面绘有美丽的女子、鸟和花，上下文为并列意义的三个名词，所以用并列连词and来连接。故答案为：and。
（7）of.考查副词。根据句意，至于男生，我选了重庆西部荣昌的折扇，重庆的西部，缺少介词of来表示前后的所属关系。故答案为：of。
（8）were.考查be动词。根据句意，折扇是用纸和竹子做的，上面有很好的绘画和书法，本句为there be句型，空后的great paintings为复数名词作主语，所以用be动词的复数形式are，根据前面提到were made可知这里也应用were。故答案为：were。
（9）easily.考查副词。根据句意，与其他扇子相比，折扇易于折叠和携带，这里用副词easily来修饰空后的folded and carried，符合语境。故答案为：easily。
（10）excited考查形容词。根据句意，在意大利的欢迎派对上，我的新老师和同学都很兴奋，因为得到了很棒的扇子，下文有even more excited，比较级，所以本句用原形即可。故答案为：excited。
【点评】首先要通读短文，掌握大意，特别要注意上下文之间的联系，确定某处需要的词汇和形式，就可以确定正确答案。
6．（2021•渝中区模拟）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
On June 3，2020，a document（文件）by the Ministry of Education（MOE 教育部）included labour（劳动） education as a compulsory course（必修课）for high school students.
    According to Xinhua，many Chinese people are worrying that the country's young students do too little housework.For example，a survey found that students in China only spend about 12 minutes a day（1）　doing　 housework，while American students spend 72 minutes and in South Korea，42 minutes.Besides，schools and parents sometimes focus on（关注）students'（2）　study　and see physical work as distractions（干扰）.
    But from now on， （3）　only　study and no physical work won't do.The labour course takes six credits（（学分）﹣﹣the same（4）　as　foreign language and physics.Voluntary service，as a part of labour education，would take two credits.And the MOE asks students to do 40 hours' voluntary service during the three school years.
    （5）　Why　 is labour education so important？According to the Ministry of Education，labour education（6）　helps　build students' view（视野）of the world，life and values and makes them be （7）　interested　in physical work.Through such education，students will get basic working （8）　skills　 for life and form good working habits.
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】文章讲述了教育部的一份文件将劳动教育列为高中学生的必修课程，并介绍了为什么这么重视劳动教育。
【解答】1）doing 考查动词。根据题干，可知考查句型spend some time doing sth意为花费时间做某事。do housework做家务。故填doing.
（2）study 考查动词。根据schools and parents sometimes focus on students'...，可知此处学校和家长有时关注学生的学习，把身体劳动看成干扰因素。故填study.
（3）only 考查副词。根据But from now on，...study and no physical work won't do.可知是指：但是从现在开始，只学习，不做体力劳动。故填only.
（4）as 考查连词。根据the same，可知是短语the same as和……一样。此处是指就像外语和物理一样。故填as.
（5）Why 考查副词。根据...is labour education so important？结合后面的内容 ，可知是指：为什么劳动教育如此重要？故填Why.
（6）helps 考查动词。根据labour education...build students' view of the world，可知是指：劳动教育有助于建立学生的世界观。时态是一般现在时，主语是不可数名词，接动词第三人称单数形式。故填helps.
（7）interested 考查形容词。根据makes them be...in physical work.，可知是指：使他们对体力工作感兴趣。be interested in在……感兴趣，固定短语，故填interested..
（8）skills 考查名词。根据Through such education，students will get basic working...for life and form good working habits，可知是指：通过这样的教育，学生将获得基本的工作生活技能，形成良好的工作习惯。skill技巧，名词，此处是复数形式。故填skills.
【点评】答题时要先通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境以及上下文逐一作答。要考虑句型，语法，固定搭配等因素。最后通读一遍，逐一验证答案。
7．（2021•中山市模拟）请用适当的词完成下面的短文，并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。每个空只 能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Yan Wei is from Shandong Province，China.He became the country's first（1）　blind　 runner to finish a 100﹣ultramarathon （超级马拉松）in Shanghai on October18.
    Yan became blind（2）　when　 he was a young boy.He first（3）　wanted　to run to lose weight because he thought he was a little heavy.One day，he learned from the Internet that blind runners could also attend marathon events（4）　with　the help of guide runners.In 2015，Yan took part in the Beijing Marathon.In the end，he tried his（5）　best　to finish the full course accompanied（陪同） by volunteer  guide  runners.This  became（6）　the　beginning  of  Yan's  marathon  dream.In  the following years，he appeared in more marathon events all over the country.
    In April 2017，Yan made（7）　another　big achievement（成就）in his life.He finished Boston Marathon in 4 hours and 26 minutes，and he became the first blind runner from mainland China to（8）　finish　 the world's oldest marathon event.
    " I really admire his optimism（乐观） and persistence（坚持）.He lives like a（9）　child　，too young to know what sadness is.When you talk to him，you'll（10）　never　think he's blind， " said Lu，one of Yan's long﹣time partners.
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】文章讲述了国内首位成功挑战10000米的马拉松盲人选手Yan Wei.
【解答】（1）blind 考查形容词。根据下文Yan became blind，可知，Yan Wei是一个盲人。故此处填blind。句意：他是第一 位完成十月十八号中国上海超级马拉松的盲人跑者。故填blind.
（2）when 考查连词。根据he was a young boy，可知此处when引导时间状语从句。句意：Yan在他还是一个小男孩的时候就失明了。故填when.
（3）wanted 考查动词。根据He first...to run to lose weight because he thought he was a little heavy，可知是指：在开始的时候他想跑步是因为他想减肥，当时只是处于这个原因。且此处时态为一般过去时。故填wanted.
（4）with 考查介词。根据题干，可知考查短语with the help of在……的帮助下。固定搭配。句意：他从互联网上学习到盲人跑者在引导员跑者的帮助下也能参加马拉松比赛。故填with.
（5）best 考查固定搭配。根据题干，可知考查try one's best尽某人的全力。句意：他尽他的全力在志愿者引导员跑者的陪同下完成了整个赛程。故填best.
（6）the 考查冠词。根据题干，可知考查the beginning of……的开始。固定搭配。句意：这变成了Yan的马拉松梦想的开端。故填the.
（7）another 考查代词。过几天就，可知：因为他之前已经跑完全程了，这次另一场比赛。故填another.
（8）finish 考查动词。根据he became the first blind runner from mainland China to...the world's oldest marathon event.可知是指：他成为中国大陆第一位完成世界上最古老马拉松项目的盲人选手。此处是不定式作后置短语。故填finish.
（9）child 考查名词。根据 really admire his optimism（乐观） and persistence（坚持），可以看出他年轻积极的心态，就像一 个孩子一样积极快乐无邪。句意：他活得像个孩子一样。故填child.
（10）never 考查副词。根据I really admire his optimism（乐观） and persistence（坚持），Yan的积极乐观以至于在和他说话的时候根本想不到这是一﹣个盲人。侧面凸现Yan的积极乐观。故填never.
【点评】答题时要先通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境以及上下文逐一作答。要考虑句型，语法，固定搭配等因素。最后通读一遍，逐一验证答案。
8．（2021•海丰县模拟）Zhang Guimei is headmaster of Huaping High School for Girls.She has made great contributions （贡献）to （1）　providing　 education for girls from poor families.
    It was （2）　difficult　 to set up a school，but Zhang never stopped.After years of trying to raise （3）　money　，in 2008，the Huaping High School for Girls，was founded in Lijiang，Yunnan province.It is the first high school for poor girls to （4）　study　 without tuition（学费）.Zhang spends most of her salary（工资）（5）　on　 her students.She has been living in school for 12 years.Although she has serious health problems，she always takes morning classes with her students.She has covered for nearly 110，000 kilometers （6）　while　 visiting her students' families these years.Additionally，she （7）　has　 a part﹣time job as head of a local orphanage（孤儿院），caring for over130 orphans.
    Thanks to her efforts，over 1，800 girls have （8）　entered　 universities after finishing studies in her school so far. （9）　They　 get more knowledge and lead better lives in the future.
    Millions of people are （10）　deeply　 moved by Zhang's spirit.What she has done will encourage us to follow her example.She is"the role model of the Times and she has been a role model for teachers in China.
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】文章介绍了是华平女子中学的校长张桂梅的故事。她为贫困家庭的女孩提供教育做出了巨大的贡献。
【解答】（1）providing 考查动词。根据题干，可知考查句型make contributions to doing sth为……做贡献。此处考查provide sth for sb为某人提供某物。故填providing.
（2）difficult  考查形容词。根据后文 but Zhang never stopped但是张从未停止过，可知建立一所学校是困难的，故填difficult.
（3）money 考查名词。根据After years of trying to raise...，可知是指在多年努力筹集资金之后，故填money.
（4）study  考查动词。可知前文set up a school，可知建立学校是让没钱的女孩子学习的，根据故填study.
（5）on 考查介词。根据Zhang spends most of her salary...her students.，可知，张老师把大部分工资都花在了学生身上。spend...on...在……上花费……，固定搭配，故填on.
（6）while  考查连词。根据She has covered for nearly 110，000 kilometers...visiting her students' families these years，可知是指：这些年来，她在访问学生的家庭时，已经行驶了近11万公里。while表示伴随。故填while.
（7）has  考查动词。根据she...a part﹣time job as head of a local orphanage，可知她有一份当地孤儿院院长的兼职工作。时态是一般现在时，主语she接动词第三人称单数形式。故填has.
（8）entered 考查动词。根据over 1，800 girls have...universities ，可知超过1800名女孩进入了大学。时态是一般过去时。故填entered.
（9）They  考查代词。根据前文over 1，800 girls，可知此处是they代替这些女孩，故填They.
（10）deeply 考查副词。根据Millions of people are...moved by Zhang's spirit，可知是指：成千上万的人被张的精神深深感动了，此处是副词修饰动词are moved，故填deeply.
【点评】答题时要先通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境以及上下文逐一作答。要考虑句型，语法，固定搭配等因素。最后通读一遍，逐一验证答案。
9．（2021•岳阳县模拟）Trees are useful to man in three very important ways .The first important way is that they provide man（1）　with　food， wood and other products（产品）.Trees provide man and animals with food to live （2）　on　 the earth.It's not easy （3）　for　 man to live on the earth without trees.
    The（4）　second　important way is that trees give us shade（树荫）.On a hot summer day， people can have （5）　a　rest under the shade of a tree after they have walked a long way. You can imagine （6）　how　important the shade of a tree is to man and animals.
    The third important （7）　way　 is that trees help to prevent droughts（干旱）and floods.However，in many parts of the world，man has（8）　not　 realized the third important way .They cut（9）　down　trees in large numbers.（10）　In　 the end ， they find that they have lost their best friends.
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】这篇短文讲述的是树木的重要性，他们在三个重要的方面对我们来说是非常有用的。
【解答】（1）with 考查介词。根据题干分析'提供"是provide...with...，句意：第一个重要的方面是他们为人类提供食物、木材和其他产品。故填with.
（2）on  考查介词。根据题干分析"在地球上"。on the earth，句意：树木为住在地球上人和动物提供食物。故填on.
（3）for 考查介词。根据题干分析此题考查It+be+形容词+for sb.to do sth，某人做某事是……的。句意：如果没有树木人们在地球上生活不容易。故填for。
（4）second 考查序数词。根据题干分析此空"第二second"，句意：第二个重要的方面是树在炎热的夏天能给我们荫凉。故填second.
（5）a 考查冠词。根据题干分析"休息"是have a rest，固定搭配。句意：人们可以在树荫下休息。故填a.
（6）how 考查副词。根据题干分析"多么重要"，how引导感叹句。句意：你可以想像树荫对人和动物是多么的重要。故填how.
（7）way 考查名词。根据题干分析"方面"句意：第三个重要的方面是树能帮助阻止干旱和洪水。故填way.
（8）not 考查副词。根据题干分析此题应填not。句意：然而在世界的许多地方人们还没有意识到第三点。故填not.
（9）down 考查介词。根据题干分析"看法"是cut down，固定短语。 句意：人类已经砍伐了大量的树。故填down.
（10）In 考查介词。根据题干分析"最后"是In the end，固定短语。句意：最后人们发现他们失去了最好的朋友。故填In.
【点评】答题时要先通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境以及上下文逐一作答。要考虑句型，语法，固定搭配等因素。最后通读一遍，逐一验证答案。
10．（2021•铁岭模拟）根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确。（每个词只能用一次，有两个多余词）
might，at，healthy，down，but，it，enjoy，later，reasons ，all ，but ，So
    My husband and I bought a house when we were in our fifties.One of the （1）　reasons　 I bought it was that it was so attractive.It had a big Japanese red pine，which looked beautiful in our front yard.For 20 years，it was a beauty to（2）　all　who passed by.Raccoons（浣熊）climbed （3）　its　branches.It shaded the bright sun over my small garden of roses and bushes（灌木丛）that I'd planted for bees.
   Early last year，a heavy snowfall hit our city.While we were （4）　enjoying　a quiet Saturday morning，the house shook and we heard aloud crash（撞击声）.The tree had fallen，taking out most of the bushes in our yard. （5）　So　we call forestry workers，who cut off its truck and branches and took the wood away.After a week，the yard was still a mess，with wood shavings（木屑）and holes everywhere.
   In March，I bought a few new bush and rose seedlings to replace those that I thought hadn't lived.But in May，plenty of new flowers were growing in the yard!As the sun shone （6）　down　，the flowers were able to grow and attract bees.My old bushes grew back and were（7）　healthier　than ever before!Our yard turned into a beautiful garden.And this summer，one year（8）　later　，all of the plants are three times bigger than they were before.
   Life might be hard for you （9）　at　the moment，but you never know what the future holds.It（10）　might　just be much brighter.
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】文章主要讲了作者因为房子很具有吸引力而买了一个房子之后碰到暴雪的故事，发现生活可能现在对于你来说是很艰难的，但是你永远不知道明天会怎么样，它可能会更加地光明.
【解答】（1）reasons 考查名词。根据题干，可知是指我买的其中一个原因是它很吸引人。one of+可数名词复数形式，表示……之一，故填reasons.
（2）all  考查代词。根据特指，可知是指20年来，它对所有路过的人都是一种美丽。all此处是指所有的人。故填all.
（3）its 考查代词。根据Raccoons climbed…branches，可知浣熊爬上它的树枝。its它的，故填its.
（4）enjoying 考查动名词。根据句意，当我们……一个安静的周六早上的时候，房子晃动且我们听到了很吵闹的噪音。结合空缺处和方框内的单词，可知需要填入一个动词enjoy，结合时态是过去进行时，所以动词用动名词，用enjoying，故答案为enjoying.
（5）So 考查连词。根据题干，可知是指：所以我们给森林工作者打了电话，故填So.
 （6）down  考查介词。根据，可知是指当太阳照耀下来。shine down照耀下来，故填down.
（7）healthier 考查形容词。根据句意，我的老灌木又长回来了且它们比以前更加__。结合空缺处和方框内的单词，可知需要填入一个形容词的比较级，表示"更加健康的"，用healthier.故答案为healthier.
（8）later 考查副词。根据题干，可知是指一年以后。时间段+later，表示……之后，故填later.
（9）at 考查介词。根据the moment，可知短语at the moment此刻。固定搭配，故填at.
（10）might 考查情态动词。根据It might just be much brighter.可知是指它可能会更明亮。might可能，表猜测。故填might.
【点评】阅读文章，把握文意，结合上下文，根据句意判断空格处的词义，根据句中的相关知识点写出词语的正确形式，完成后最好检查一遍，看文意是否通顺。
11．（2021•濮阳模拟）
The Clever Learning Methods
    Why do you need study skills？ Because they will make（1）　it　 easy for you to learn and do well in class， especially as you move up to middle school and high school.
    ◆Take good notes
    Not sure how to take notes？ Start by writing down facts that your teacher mentions or writes on the blackboard in class. Try your（2）　best　 to use good handwriting so that you can read your notes later.
    ◆Plan（3）　before　 tests
    It's not wise of you to wait until Thursday night to study for Friday's test. It also makes it hard to do your best.
    You'll feel sorry for putting（4）　off　 things often. One of the best ways is to plan ahead.
    ◆Get a good night's sleep
    The test is tomorrow and you've followed your study plan， but suddenly you can't remember anything， not even 2 + 2! Don't worry. Try to get a good night's sleep and you'll be surprised by what comes back to you（5）　in　 the morning!
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】这是一篇教育文化类阅读，主要介绍聪明的学习方法。包括：记笔记；考试前计划；睡个好觉。
【解答】（1）it 考查代词。根据they will make…easy for you to learn and do well in class，可知是指他们会让你轻松地学习并在课堂上表现良好。make it+形容词 for sb to do sth使做某事……的。固定句型。故填it.
（2）best 考查形容词。根据Try your…to use good handwriting so that you can read your notes later. 可知是指尽量用好的字体，这样你以后就可以看你的笔记了。try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力做某事，固定搭配。故填best.
（3）before. 考查介词．句意"计划__测验"．根据下一段最后一句One of the best ways is to plan ahead最好的办法之一就是提前计划，可知，应该是"在…前"。故填before.
（4）off. 考查介词．句意"你会因为经常__事情而感到难过"．根据下一句One of the best ways is to plan ahead最好的办法之一就是提前计划。及首字母提示，可知，put off推迟，固定搭配。故填off.
（5）in 考查介词。根据题干，可知考查短语in the morning在早晨。固定短语，故填in.
【点评】阅读文章，把握文意，结合上下文，根据句意判断空格处的词义，根据句中的相关知识点写出词语的正确形式，完成后最好检查一遍，看文意是否通顺。
12．（2020•驿城区模拟）阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
    These days， many pictures of Chinese students wearing winged﹣hats have been posted online. They use the hats（1）　to　 practice social distancing when they return to school. Many people say the hats look like those worn during the Song Dynasty.
    The hats were designed by Zhao Kuangyin， the first emperor of the dynasty. One day， when listening to a minister's report， Zhao noticed that many ministers were whispering to each other and not respecting court rules. Zhao came up with （2）　a　solution. He required that wings should （3）　be　added to the ministers' hats.
    Using a metal plate and bamboo strips as the frame， the "wings" prevented the ministers from talking to others sitting beside them. Sine then， the court order had been kept. （4）　Although/Though　 the story is recorded in a book from the Yuan Dynasty （1271﹣1368）， some historians think it may not be true.
    The wing﹣like extensions might just be a decoration （5）　that/which　could make people look dignified. As they were not convenient to wear， the hats gradually disappeared in later dynasties.
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】本文介绍了宋朝时戴的一种帽子。
【解答】（1）to 考查介词。句意：当他们回到学校时，他们使用帽子练习社交距离。use…to do sth用……做某事，固定搭配。practice是动词原形，推出此处是to，故填to.
（2）a 考查冠词。句意：赵想出了个解决办法。此处表示泛指，solution是以辅音音素开头的名词单数，故用不定冠词a表示泛指，故填a.
（3）be 考查动词。句意：他要求部长们在帽子上加上翅膀。add和wing是不定冠词，should是情态动词，故是情态动词的被动语态，should be done的形式，added是过去分词，故此处是be，故填be.
（4）Although/Though 考查连词。句意：这个故事记录在一本元代（1271﹣1368）的书中，一些历史学家认为这可能不是真的。此处缺少连词， 这个故事记录在一本书中，与这可能不是真的是让步关系，故是引导词although或though，尽管，位于句首首字母大写 ，故填Although/Though.
（5）that/which 考查代词。句意：翼状延伸部分可能只是一种可以让人看起来有尊严的装饰。定语从句中缺少主语，先行词是decoration，指代物用关系代词that或which  ， 故填that/which.
【点评】考查短文填空，注意根据上下文推测所给词意并适当调整词性，定语从句关系词，连词搭配等用法等。
13．（2020•濠江区模拟）请用适当的词完成下面这篇短文，每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
    "Put one foot in front of the other，smile and just keep on rolling."
﹣﹣Kobe Bryant，2008.
    Kobe Bryant was famous as （1）　a　 basketball player，but his achievements stand far outside the basketball world.He （2）　won　 an Oscar for his short film， "Dear Basketball"，in 2018.It was based on a poem he wrote announcing his retirement（宣布退役） from the NBA.
    Bryant said the idea to make it into a film was from his （3）　daughter　，Gianna，who told him， "Dad，you always tell us to go after （4）　our　 dreams，so man up." And she was right.He called the Oscar a（5）　more　 meaningful achievement than winning an NBA title（称号）. "To be honest，I feel better than winning a championship，" Bryant said （6）　when　 he was interviewed by some reporters.
    Kobe （7）　is　 considered as one of the greatest NBA players of all time.As a child，he worked really hard to make his basketball dream come （8）　true　.He is a super star that hundreds of thousands of basketball fans look up to.However，to all fans' sorrow（悲痛），he and Gianna were killed in a helicopter crash （9）　on　 January 28，2020.It is a huge loss for not only his family （10）　but　 also the basketball world.Kobe Bryant will live in the hearts of his fans forever and Mamba Mentality（曼巴精神） will keep encouraging them.
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】本文主要介绍了著名的篮球运动员 Kobe Bryant。
【解答】（1）a 考查冠词。根据语法知识，此处应填不定冠词一个，不定冠词a用于辅音因素开头的单词前，an用于元音因素开头的字母前，basketball 辅音开头，句意：科比作为一名篮球运动员而出名。故答案为a.
（2）won 考查动词。空格后的宾语为an Oscar一项奥斯卡奖，所以前面应填获得win/get/receive，又因事情发生在过去，句意：2018年他因短片亲爱的篮球获得了奥斯卡奖。故答案为 won.
（3）daughter 考查名词。根据下文 Gianna，who told him， "Dad，you always tell us to go after our dreams。Gianna告诉他"爸爸，你总是告诉我们……"可知，Gianna是他的女儿。句意：科比说，把它拍成电影的想法来自于他的女儿。故答案为daughter.
（4）our 考查代词。根据前面宾语us以及后面名词dreams可知，此处应填"我们的"，句意：爸爸，你总是告诉我们要追逐我们的梦想。故答案为our.
（5）more 考查形容词。根据句中than可知，此处应用比较级，又因meaningful是多音节词，比较级形式在前面加more，句意：他说，奥斯卡奖是比NBA称号更有意义的一项成就。故答案为more.
（6）when 考查连词。句中said和was都是动词，可推断此句是复合句。根据语境可知，此句是时间状语从句，用when引导，句意：当科比被一些记者采访的时候他说。故答案为when.
（7）is 考查动词。主语Kobe和动词consider是被动关系，此处应为被动语态，时间状语all time，句意：科比一直被认为NBA最伟大的运动员之一。故答案为is.
（8）true 考查形容词。实现，固定短语come true，句意：作为孩子，他非常努力是他的篮球梦得以实现。故答案为true。
 （9）on 考查介词。January 28，2020 为具体日期，其前应该用介词on，句意：然而，使所有粉丝悲痛的是，他和Gianna在2020年1月28号的一次坠机事故中身亡。故答案为on.
 （10）but 考查连词。不仅……而且……，not only  …but also…，固定搭配，句意：这不仅对他的家人来说是一种巨大的损失，而且对篮球界来说也是巨大损失。故答案为but.
【点评】答题时要先通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境以及上下文逐一作答。要考虑句型，语法，固定搭配等因素。最后通读一遍，逐一验证答案。
14．（2020•璧山区一模）OK is one of the most common expressions on the earth. We use it for so many times every day. "How about two o'clock， OK？" "OK." "OK" is （1）　easy　 to say， write and understand and is widely used. Each year， （2）　on　 March 23， people celebrate the "OK Day" together. It has been 180 years since it appeared.
    Not only in English﹣speaking countries， but also in many other （3）　countries　 around the world， people like to use OK. What makes OK so popular？ It's hard to say. Maybe It's because OK is simple but useful. With OK， people can answer simply （4）　instead　 of explaining a lot. For example， if someone asks you to go for a walk after lunch， you can simply say "OK". No reason needs to （5）　be　 given.
    Where did this simple expression come from？ Some people say OK was the name of somebody or something， but （6）　others　 think it started in the American Civil War（美国内战）.
    Some might argue that the word is not formal enough to be used in some important situations. （7）　However　， even the president（总统） of the United States once used OK in his speeches.
    So， don't worry. It's OK to say OK. No matter （8）　where　 you go， someone will understand you if you say OK.
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】短文主要讲了"OK"的来历，以及它所蕴含的含义的变化，而且这个词现在在世界上很受欢迎，使用的很广泛。
【解答】（1）easy 考查形容词。根据We use it for so many times every day，可知："OK"容易说，容易写，容易理解，并且被广泛使用.be easy to do sth容易做某事。故填easy.
（2）on 考查介词。根据March 23，可知在具体某天用介词on，故填on.
（3）countries 考查名词。根据Not only in English﹣speaking countries， but also in many other…around the world，可知是指：不仅在英语国家，而且在世界上的许多其他国家，故填countries.
（4）instead考查连词。根据题干，可知是指：人们可以简单地回答而不是解释很多。instead of而不是……，故填instead.
（5）be 考查动词。根据题干，可知是指不需要给出任何理由。主语是导致的承受者，用被动语态to be+过去分词，故填be.
（6）others 考查代词。根据Some people say OK was the name of somebody or something有些人说OK是某人或某事的名字，结合转折词but，可知：有些人说OK是某人或某事的名字，但另一些人认为OK起源于美国内战，故填others.
（7）However 考查连词。根据题干，可知前后是转折关系，由逗号隔开，用however然而，故填However.
（8）where 考查副词。根据No matter…you go，可知是指无论你去哪里，故填where.
【点评】认真阅读短文，在理解文章意思基础上，结合语境，联系上下文分析，便可得出正确答案。
15．（2020•重庆二模）Club activities after class hours are an important part of our school life．There are a number of sports and cultural study clubs that students may（1）　join　．Students are free to choose the clubs they are （2）　interested　in．Nobody forces you to choose this club or that one．Some students join two or more while only a very few （3）　never　join any clubs at all．The students organize all the clubs by（4）　themselves　without the help of teachers．
    The clubs meet two to four times a week after school．Many students feel that club activities are the most enjoyable part of Senior High School life．When we asked them the （5）　question　 ："What interests you most in daily life？"These were their answers：
    Classes：28%；Teachers：24%；Club activities：38% and others 10%．Young people spend a lot of time in club activities （6）　together　 and they often become true friends．In China，people believe that true friends are people who have had similar life experiences．These friendships often  （7）　last　a long time after graduation．Many graduates say their best memories of Senior High School life are the days they spent together．Some students become lifelong friends because （8）　of　  this．
【考点】短文填空．
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍的是关于俱乐部活动的问题．
【解答】（1）join．考查动词．由上文的sports and cultural study clubs可知，有很多学生可以加入的运动和文化研究俱乐部，使用动词join"加入"，情态动词may后接动词原形，故答案为join．
（2）interested．考查形容词．由上文的Students are free to choose the clubs可知，学生可以自由选择他们感兴趣的俱乐部，使用短语be interested in"对…感兴趣"，故答案为interested．
（3）never．考查副词．由下文的at all可知，有些学生加入一两个俱乐部，然而只有非常少的几个从不加入俱乐部，使用副词never"从不"，修饰谓语动词，故答案为never．
（4）themselves．考查代词．由上文的by可知，学生在没有老师的帮助下自己组织所有的俱乐部，使用短语by oneself"某人自己"，因此使用代词themselves，故答案为themselves．
（5）question．考查名词．由下文的What interests you most in daily life？可知，当我们问他们这个问题，定冠词the后使用名词的单数形式question，故答案为question．
（6）together．考查副词．由下文的they often become true friends可知，年轻人一起花费很多时间在俱乐部活动上，使用副词together"一起"，修饰谓语动词，故答案为together．
（7）last．考查动词．由下文的a long time after graduation可知，这些友情在毕业后通常持续很长一段时间，使用动词last"持续"，陈述客观事实，因此使用一般现在时，故答案为last．
（8）of．考查介词．由上文的because可知，因为这个有些学生成为一生的朋友，使用短语because of"因为，由于"，故答案为of．
【点评】对于语法填空这类题，一是懂得分析句子结构，二是知道充当各个句子成分的词类或词性，从语法上确定答案，当然，对于某些固定搭配也要牢记，在平时的学习中要多积累这些词汇或短语，对于句子使用的时态语态也要通过语境进行确定．