北师大版 (2019)Unit 5 Humans and natureLesson 3 Race to the Pole课后作业题

Unit 5 Humans and Nature

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.It is difficult to 　　　　　(呼吸) at high altitudes. 

答案breathe

2.The fire was put out without 　　　　　(死亡). 

答案death

3.You 　　　　　(挽救) me from an embarrassing situation. 

答案rescued

4.It is a long 　　　　　(过程) for plastic bags to break down. 

答案process

5.The enemy failed in their 　　　　　(企图) to land on the island. 

答案attempt

6.A rescue team is trying to reach the 　　　　　(被困的) miners. 

答案trapped

7.The sudden noise from the next room 　　　　　(打断) my thought. 

答案interrupted

8.The man 　　　　　(带领) us around the place of interest. 

答案conducted

9.His sunglasses gave his eyes 　　　　　(防护) against the sunshine. 

答案protection

10.This could cause some 　　　　　(损害) to the country’s economy. 

答案damage

11.Scientists haven’t 　　　　　(估量) the positive effects of laughter on the children. 

答案measured

12.The young nurse was very nervous when she assisted at her first 　　　　　(手术). 

答案operation

13.He is 　　　　　(准备) his speech for the meeting tomorrow. 

答案preparing

14.The company has its 　　　　　(基地) in New York,and branch offices all over the world. 

答案base

15.He is waiting 　　　　　(不安地) for the outcome of his medical examination. 

答案anxiously

16.She gave me a 　　　　　(兴高采烈的) smile. 

答案cheerful

17.He hopes his dream will come true in the not too 　　　　　(久远的) future. 

答案distant

18.There wasn’t enough evidence to 　　　　　(证明) that he did wrong. 

答案prove

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1.His heart beat so wildly that he could hardly 　　　　　(breath). 

答案breathe

2.Wars have brought widespread human 　　　　　(suffer). 

答案suffering

3.He studied hard in an attempt 　　　　　(pass) the exam. 

答案to pass

4.It’s time to take　　　　　 (measure) to stop illegal hunting. 

答案measures

5.He had his study 　　　　　(interrupt) when the war broke out. 

答案interrupted

6.The battle 　　　　　AIDS will continue for the coming years. 

答案against

7.They tried to save all the people 　　　　　(trap) under the ruins. 

答案trapped

8.His 　　　　　　　(lose) of blood led to his 　　　　　(die) after the accident. 

答案loss;death

9.The police have launched a major 　　　　　(operate) against drunk driving. 

答案operation

10.Now you are in danger.I think you should ask the local police for 　　　　　(protect). 

答案protection

11.“We’ve come with good news,” Pat said 　　　　　(cheerful). 

答案cheerfully

12.Yang Liwei is China’s first astronaut 　　　　　(go) into space. 

答案to go

13.The team has been training hard in 　　　　　(prepare) for the big game. 

答案preparation

14.The film,　　　　　 (base) on a true story,has attracted people’s attention all over the country. 

答案based

15.I wonder why people are always in 　　　　　(anxious) when it is not difficult to be happy. 

答案anxiety

16.It is very inconvenient for him to go to school because the school is rather 　　　　　(distance) from his home. 

答案distant

Ⅲ.用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子

site,trap,nearby,overseas,damage,interrupt,measure,attempt,conduct,vehicle,base,prepare,honesty,distance,captain,cheerful

1.Don’t 　　　　　your health for being slim. 

答案damage

2.A 　　　　　has been chosen for the new school. 

答案site

3.The doctor weighed the baby and 　　　　　its height. 

答案measured

4.He wanted to persuade his parents to go 　　　　　with him. 

答案overseas

5.Excuse me,I wonder if I could 　　　　　you for a moment. 

答案interrupt

6.Some classmates suggest we should go to places of interest 　　　　　. 

答案nearby

7.All those 　　　　　under the building were rescued by the firefighters. 

答案trapped

8.During these two years they 　　　　　to conduct many scientific experiments. 

答案have attempted

9.They 　　　　　a survey to find out local reaction to the building of a new airport. 

答案conducted

10.The arrival of driverless 　　　　　is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are more environmentally friendly. 

答案vehicles

11.He didn’t do enough 　　　　　for his exam,and failed. 

答案preparation

12.She answered all my questions with her usual 　　　　　. 

答案honesty

13.The 　　　　　between dream and reality is often only one step away. 

答案distance

14.The 　　　　　was able to bring the ship up just before it hit the little boat. 

答案captain

15.The research group produced two reports 　　　　　on the survey,but neither contained any useful suggestions. 

答案based

16.Parents are always excited to see the 　　　　　faces of their children at the moment when they opened their gifts. 

答案cheerful

Ⅳ.完成句子

1.他们被困在燃烧着的楼房里。

They 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the burning building. 

答案were trapped in

2.他从桥上跳入水中去抢救那个溺水儿童。

He dived from the bridge to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

答案rescue the drowning child

3.我完全不知道该如何筹到钱。

I am 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　as to how to collect the money. 

答案at a loss

4.一定要给你的照相机投保,以防丢失或损坏。

Make sure you insure your camera against 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

答案loss or damage

5.我知道你参与了很多海外救援行动。

I know you have taken part in 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

答案many rescue operations overseas

6.这是和时间的赛跑。

It is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

答案a battle against time

7.我们的职责是努力减少痛苦和生命损失。

　　　 　　　　　　　　　　to try our best to reduce suffering and the loss of life. 

答案It’s our duty

8.动植物都要呼吸空气,所以我们完全可以断言月球上没有生命。

As all animals and plants 　　　　　　　　　　,we can be quite sure there is no life on the moon. 

答案breathe air

9.工业的发展在人类的历史中是一个逐渐的过程。

The development of industry has been 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　throughout human existence. 

答案a gradual process

10.这个故事基于她的亲身经历。

The story 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　her own experience. 

答案was based on

11.大家都在焦急地等着医生。

Everybody is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the doctor. 

答案waiting anxiously for

关键能力提升练

Ⅴ.阅读理解

主题语境:人与自然　语篇类型:记叙文

On the day the tornado(龙卷风)hit,there was no sign that fierce weather was on its way— the sky was blue and the sun had been out.The first warning my husband,Jimmy,67,and I,65,got came around 9 pm,from some text on the TV Jimmy was watching.He ran upstairs to find me in our third-floor bedroom,and we changed the channel from the national television to our local Pensacola,Florida station.

Soon the tornado was on top of us.It was the loudest thing I had ever heard.The bones of the house shook,and the power went out.And the wind began to roar(咆哮) through the house,most likely through blown-out windows and the door to our garage.Everything was moving.And the back wall of the house came off and flew into the darkness outside.We had three flights of steps to get to the storeroom down there,the relative safety of the first floor.

I didn’t know how or if we would make it down the steps.It felt as if there were no floor underneath me as the wind lifted me off my feet.As we finally reached the last flight of steps,our front door blew out.Suddenly,a three-foot-long tree branch flew over our heads,missing us by inches.

By the time I reached the storeroom,the tornado had been over us for about a minute.Jimmy pushed me down to the storeroom floor,but he couldn’t get inside himself because of the wind.I held Jimmy’s arm as the tornado blew the door open.My knees were full of glass,but I felt no pain.If I had let go,Jimmy would have flown right out the back of the house.

All of a sudden,Jimmy lifted off his feet.I thought he was gone.And then everything stopped.He landed on his feet.In those first quiet moments,I couldn’t believe it was over.Our neighbour said the storm lasted four minutes.In that time,four of the twelve town houses in our unit were completely destroyed.Amazingly,none of us were seriously injured.

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者和丈夫遭遇龙卷风的袭击,不离不弃、相互扶持,最终幸运存活下来并且都没有受重伤的故事。

1.Where did the couple learn about the coming fierce weather?

A.From the dark sky.

B.From the national station.

C.From the local news report.

D.From the text sent by their neighbours.

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“from some text on the TV Jimmy was watching”和“and we changed the channel from the national television to our local Pensacola,Florida station”可知,作者和丈夫是从当地的新闻报道中得知龙卷风消息的。

2.What can we infer from Paragraph 2 about the couple?

A.They were hit by a tree branch.

B.They tried to get out of the house.

C.Their garage was blown to pieces.

D.Their house was badly destroyed.

答案D

解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“And the back wall of the house came off and flew into the darkness outside”可知,作者家的墙都被吹飞了,由此推知作者家损坏严重。

3.What do we know about Jimmy when the author reached the storeroom?

A.He was in great danger.

B.He flew out of the house.

C.He was seriously injured.

D.He got inside the storeroom.

答案A

解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“If I had let go,Jimmy would have flown right out the back of the house.”可知,Jimmy差点被吹飞了,由此可见,Jimmy处于危险之中。

Ⅵ.完形填空

主题语境:人与自然　语篇类型:记叙文

In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened Los Angeles,killing over 30,000 people in less than four minutes.A father rushed to where his son was supposed to be,only to discover that the building was flattened.

But he remembered the 　1　 he had made to his son,“No matter what happens,I’ll always be there for you!” Tears began to fill his eyes.Although it looked 　2　,he remembered his words.　3　 his son’s classroom would be in the back right corner of the building,he rushed there and started 　4　.Other parents tried to pull him out of the ruins,saying “It’s too late!They’re all dead!You can’t help!” To each he 　5　,“Are you going to help me?” And then he went back to his digging.The fire-fighters,　6　 and tried to pull him away,“Fires are breaking out;explosions are happening everywhere.You’re 　7　.We’ll take care of it.Go home.”This loving,caring father asked,“Are you going to help me?” 

He went on 　8　 he needed to know,“Is my boy alive or is he dead?” He dug for eight hours...12 hours...36 hours...then,in the 38th hour he pulled back a large stone and heard his son.He 　9　,“ARMAND!” He heard back,“Dad?It’s me,Dad!I told the other kids not to 　10　.I told them that if you were 　11　,you’d save me and when you saved me,they’d be saved.You 　12　,no matter what happened,you would always be there for me!” “What’s going on in there?” the father asked. 

“There are 14 of us left out of 33,Dad.We’re scared but 　13　 you’re here.When the building collapsed,it 　14　 a triangle (三角形),and it saved us.” 

“　15　,boy!” 

“Let the other kids out first,because I know you’ll get me!I know you’ll always be there for me!”

【语篇解读】本文为记叙文,记叙了地震后一位父亲救了儿子和他的同学的感人故事。

1.A.decision　　　　　　　B.mistake

C.promise D.suggestion

答案C

解析“无论发生什么,我都在你身边”,这是他对儿子的承诺,故选C项。

2.A.annoying B.satisfactory

C.embarrassing D.hopeless

答案D

解析通过后文可知,其他人纷纷离去,说明当时的情形很令人绝望。

3.A.Recalling B.Seeing

C.Hearing D.Predicting

答案A

解析他记起儿子的教室是在大楼的右后角。

4.A.wandering B.digging

C.crying D.filling

答案B

解析父亲冲到儿子教室的位置开始挖了起来。

5.A.whispered B.murmured

C.responded D.explained

答案C

解析对每一个人,他的回应都是请他们一起挖。

6.A.looked up B.stood up

C.climbed up D.showed up

答案D

解析消防队员来了,想要劝他离开。show up意为“出现;到场”。

7.A.in place B.in danger

C.in charge D.in relief

答案B

解析周围有火,还可能发生爆炸,所以文中父亲的处境很危险。

8.A.when B.after

C.if D.because

答案D

解析他一直挖,因为他需要知道儿子是否还活着。

9.A.screamed B.waved

C.nodded D.argued

答案A

解析挖了38个小时后,他终于听到了儿子的声音,他激动地尖叫。

10.A.relax B.worry

C.hurry D.flee

答案B

解析根据常识,儿子告诉其他孩子不要担心,因为他爸爸只要活着就会来救他们。

11.A.brave B.active

C.alive D.strong

答案C

解析见上题。

12.A.complained  B.promised

C.remarked D.stated

答案B

解析此题和第1题呼应。

13.A.thankful B.hopeful

C.careful D.useful

答案A

解析我们很害怕,但是庆幸的是你在这里。

14.A.built B.designed

C.made D.circled

答案C

解析当楼房坍塌的时候,形成了一个三角形救了我们。

15.A.Stand out B.Keep up

C.Take it easy D.Come out

答案D

解析此处表示爸爸让儿子出来。

Ⅶ.语法填空

主题语境:人与自然　语篇类型:说明文

It is sad but true that some people die in earthquakes from 1.　　　　　 (fall) furniture and bricks.Earthquake 2.　　　　　 (safe) is very important and there is more to it 3.　　　　　 just keeping buildings from falling down.So if your home is in 4.　　　　　 earthquake area,you should prepare carefully before the earthquake 5.　　　　　 (come).First,make sure you buy a house which is earthquake safe.All pipes should 6.　　　　　 (fix) to the walls and all walls should be 7.　　　　　 (especial) thick and strong.Make sure the building has no 8. (break) windows and is well repaired.Second,look at the objects in your house.Objects like computers,televisions and lamps can be tied to tables or 9.　　　　　 (stick) to them so they won’t easily move around.The cupboards,10. many small things are stored,should have strong doors.Always remember,it is better to be safe than sorry. 

答案与解析

【语篇解读】本文是说明文。介绍在发生地震时如何保护自己。

1.falling　考查非谓语动词。动词-ing形式作定语,表示动作正在进行。

2.safety　考查词性转换。此空作主语,因此填名词。

3.than　考查连词,由空前的more可知填than。

4.an　考查冠词。此空修饰area,用不定冠词。an earthquake area“一个地震带”。

5.comes　考查谓语动词。主将从现。

6.be fixed　考查谓语动词。pipes和fix之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态。

7.especially　考查词性转换。修饰形容词thick和strong用副词。

8.broken　考查非谓语动词。broken windows“破了的窗户”。

9.stuck　考查谓语动词。此空和空前的be构成被动语态的谓语动词。tied和stuck并列。

10.where　分析句子结构可知,“　　　 many small things are stored”是定语从句,从句中缺少状语,因此填where,相当于in which。