专题02 故事类阅读-冲刺 高考英语阅读理解专项复习

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冲刺2021年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解
第二模块：故事类
Passage 1．（2021•龙岗区模拟）
When we were kids， my uncle used to take my cousins and me on trips to Racetrack Playa. Scientists know the flat， dry lake bed in California's Death Valley National Park for one strange phenomenon：its slithering stones. Since the late 1940s， they've been studying how sizable stones across the land﹣﹣﹣some as big as mini fridges﹣﹣seemingly move thousands of feet on their own.
There were some seemingly reasonable or absurd theories， but no one had ever seen the rocks in action. Death Valley， as its name implies， is unwelcoming. Put aside that it's one of the hottest places on Earth， but it's also hit by severe winter storms. No one wanted to sit around and watch.
But in 2011， my cousin Jim， an engineer， came to me with an idea. He suggested setting up cameras near the stones and letting the equipment gather data. The National Park Service said we couldn't leave a trace（痕迹）， so we drilled into our own stores， fixed GPS trackers， and placed them， along with cameras， near the rocks. For years， nothing moved. Then in 2013， we got lucky.
We'd driven eight hours to the park to change the batteries in the GPS， just as we did every few months. This time， though， we discovered there'd been a huge snowstorm. The lake bed was full of water and it was freezing fast. As we walked around in the moonlight， the whole lake was hissing（嘶嘶）﹣﹣the sound of ice freezing. But by the next morning， the sun was shinning， and everything was melting. As the thin sheets of ice started to move quickly across the melting water， to our astonishment， they pushed the rocks with them.
It was a historic moment. Previous theories had gotten close， but we were the first people to directly observe it. And no wonder： It all happened so fast. If you got too involved in your lunch，it'd be over. Fortunately， we were quick to notice， and our GPS trackers recorded a ton of high﹣quality supporting evidence.
（1）What does the underlined word "slithering" in paragraph 1 mean？　　
A.sailing B.decreasing C.expanding D.disappearing
（2）Why Racetrack Playa is called Death Valley？　　
A.Because many people died there. B.Because it used to be a battlefield.
C.Because it is not open to the public. D.Because it is known for its extreme weather.
（3）What was the function of melting ice during this strange scene？　　
A.It froze the rocks. B.It kept the rocks in shape. C.It melted the rocks. D.It carried the rocks along.
（4）What can be used to describe the cousins' feeling while witnessing the historic moment？　　
A.Union is strength. B.Hard work pays off. C.Seeing is believing. D.It's never too old to learn.
【考点】故事类阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者探寻死亡谷"滑动的石头"之谜的经过和结果。
【解答】（1）A.词义猜测题。根据第一段中"Scientists know the flat，dry lake bed in California's Death Valley National Park for one strange phenomenon：its slithering stones. （科学家们知道加州死亡谷国家公园平坦干燥的湖床是由于一个奇怪的现象：它的滑动的石头）"可知该词slithering意为"滑动的"。A. sailing航行；B. decreasing减少；C. expanding扩大；D. disappearing消失，只有A项符合句意。故选A.
（2）D.推理判断题。根据第二段"Death Valley，as its name implies，is unwelcoming. Put aside that it's one of the hottest places on Earth，but it's also hit by severe winter storms. （死亡谷，顾名思义，是不受欢迎的。暂且不说它是地球上最热的地方之一，但它也遭受了严重的冬季风暴的袭击。）"可知，D项"因为它以极端的天气而闻名"是正确的。故选D.
（3）D.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段" But by the next morning，the sun was shinning，and everything was melting. As the thin sheets of ice started to move quickly across the melting water，to our astonishment，they pushed the rocks with them（但到了第二天早上，阳光明媚，一切都融化了。当薄冰层开始在融化的水中快速移动时，令我们惊讶的是，它们推着岩石）"可知，融化的冰在这个奇怪的场景中起的作用是"它带着岩石前进"。故选D.
（4）B.标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段"It was a historic moment. Previous theories had gotten close，but we were the first people to directly observe it. And no wonder：It all happened so fast. If you got too involved in your lunch，it'd be over. Fortunately，we were quick to notice，and our GPS trackers recorded a ton of high﹣quality supporting evidence.（这是一个历史性的时刻。以前的理论已经接近了，但我们是第一批直接观察到它的人。这也难怪：一切发生得如此之快。如果你午餐太忙了，那就结束了。幸运的是，我们很快就注意到了，我们的GPS追踪器记录了大量高质量的证据。）"及通读全文，得知，作者一直在努力寻找"滑动的石头"之谜。最终得到了结果。故选B.
Passage 2．（2021•宁德一模）
During the Second World War， Dr. William Walsh served on a U.S. Navy ship in the South Pacific. While serving there， Walsh observed the poor health conditions in which the people of the South Pacific lived.
After the war ended in 1945， Walsh founded an organization called Project Hope. Its goal was to bring health education and care to people in poor countries around the world. In 1958， Walsh convinced U.S. President Eisenhower to allow Project Hope to rent a U.S. Navy hospital ship for just one dollar a year. Many companies and ordinary people donated money to Project Hope. The organization used the funds to turn the navy ship into a civilian hospital ship called the SS Hope.
During the next 14 years， the SS Hope traveled to every region of the world. Wherever it went， it provided health care for needy people and helped poor countries establish their own health care systems. In 1974， the SS Hope was retired from service， and Project Hope began to provide health care on land instead.
The story of the SS Hope inspired Don and Deyon Stephens to buy a passenger ship in 1978 and transform it into another hospital ship. Since then， their organization， called Mercy Ships， has sent ships equipped with medical supplies and hospital beds around the world. Doctors volunteer to travel on these ships and perform free surgeries on people who need them. They can correct people's vision， straighten bent limbs， fix cleft palates （腭裂）， remove facial tumors （肿痛） and more. Mercy Ships also provides medical equipment for local health clinics and builds medical facilities. In addition，it teaches local people how to farm their land more effectively and more sustainably.
（1）Why did Walsh set up Project Hope？　　
A. To bring the war to an end. B. To improve medical service.
C. To serve on the U. S. Navy ship. D. To rent a U. S. Navy hospital ship.
（2）What do we know about the SS Hope？　　
A. It was a movable hospital. B. It was in service for 20 years.
C. It was a badly﹣equipped hospital. D. It was retired from service in 1958.
（3）What surgeries are mentioned in the text？　　
a. Correcting vision.
b. Straightening cleft palates.
c. Repairing cleft palates.
d. Getting rid of facial tumors.
e. Removing bent limbs.
A. a c e B. b d e C. b e d D. a c d
（4）With the help of Mercy Ships， what can local people learn to do？　　
A. To build medical facilities B. To use medical equipment.
C. To work the land better. D. To perform surgeries.
【考点】故事类阅读；记叙文阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要说明了WilliamWalshDon和DeyonStephen成立医疗船，游遍世界，为有需要的人提供医疗保健，并帮助贫穷国家建立自己的医疗保健系统，以及教当地人如何更有效和更可持续地耕种他们的土地。
【解答】（1）B. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Its goal was to bring health education and care to people in poor countries around the world. " （它的目标是将健康教育和保健带给世界各地贫穷国家的人们。）"可知，希望工程的建立是为了改善世界各地贫穷国家的医疗服务。B选项To improve medical service. （ 改善医疗服务。）符合文意。故选B.
（2）A. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段"The organization used the funds to turn the navy ship into a civilian hospital ship called the SS Hope."（ 该组织利用这笔资金将这艘海军船变成了一艘名为SSHope的民用医院船。）和第三段"During the next 14 years， the SS Hope traveled to every region of the world.在接下来的14年里，党卫队希望号走遍了世界各地。"可知希望号是一艘可以移动的民用医院船。故选A.
（3）D. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段"They car correct people's vision， straighten bent limbs， fix cleft palates （腭裂）， remove facial tumors （肿痛） and more.它们可以矫正人们的视力，伸直弯曲的四肢，修复腭裂，切除面部肿瘤等等。"可知，文章提到四种手术，分别是correctpeople'S vision （矫正人们的视力），straighten bent limbs （伸直弯曲的四肢），fix cleft palates （修复腭裂）和remove facial tumors（切除面部肿瘤）。e项Removing bent limbs. （移除弯曲的四肢。），b项Straightening cleft palates.（矫正腭裂。）与文意不符，所以选择a、c、d项。故选D.
（4）C. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段"In addition，it teaches local people how to farm their land more effectively and more sustainably.此外，它还教会当地人如何更有效、更可持续地耕种土地。"可知，仁爱船可以教当地人更有效的耕种。C选项To work the land better. （ 更好的耕种）符合文意。故选C.
Passage 3．（2021•武侯区校级模拟）
For or Against？﹣That Is the Question
Andy is the most unreasonable and he makes me so angry that I could even scream sometimes! Of course，I sort of have to love him because he is my twin brother. Andy and Amy （that is me） have the same curly hair and dark eyes and are equally stubborn. Yet， on most issues we usually take opposite positions.
Just this week in our school， there was a heated discussion on whether to adopt a school dress code. Every student would be required to wear a uniform. The teachers are divided： some are in favor of the uniforms while others are opposed. The principal has asked the students to express their opinions by voting on the issue before decisions are made. But she will have the final word on the dress code.
I think a dress code is a good idea. The reason is simple. The less I have to decide first thing in the morning， the better. I can't tell you how many mornings I look into my closet and just stare， unable to decide what to wear.
Andy is shocked at my opinion. Last night， he even dragged out my parents' high school photo albums to show me how brilliant they looked without uniforms! He also declared， "Bruce Springsteen never wore a school uniform. Bob Dylan wouldn't have been caught dead in a school uniform! Besides， when I am feeling political， I want to be able to wear clothes made of natural， undyed fibers， sewn or assembled in countries that do not pollute the environment. If I have to wear a uniform， I won't feel like me!"
To that I replied， "So your personal heroes didn't wear school uniforms. But they went to high school about a million years ago! I feel sorry for you since I had no idea that your ego（自我）is so fragile that it would be completely destroyed by a uniform." That really made him angry and he shouted， "You're just copying what you hear that new music teacher saying because you are crazy about him!"
Fortunately， the bell rang before we could do each other physical harm， and we went to our separate classes. The vote for or against uniforms took place later that day. The results of the vote and the principal's decision will be announced next week. I wonder what it will be. I know how I voted， and I'm pretty sure I know how Andy voted. How would you vote﹣for or against？
（1）Amy and Andy often get angry with each other because　　.
A. they're both stubborn B. they like different teachers
C. they always hold different views D. they don't like each other very much
（2）Amy holds the idea that　　.
A. school clothing should reflect parents' values
B. teenagers should never follow the latest clothing fashion
C. the way one dresses should be an expression of one's personality
D. wearing school uniforms means one makes less decision every morning
（3）Who will decide whether the students should wear uniforms？　　
A. The principal. B. Their parents. C. Their teachers. D. Students themselves.
（4）In Paragraph 5， Amy aims to say that　　.
A. Andy shouldn't look up to his heroes so much
B. our clothes should decide people's attitudes towards us
C. Andy's lack of self﹣confidence is reflected in his clothing
D. our clothes shouldn't determine how we feel about ourselves
【考点】故事类阅读；记叙文阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对孪生兄妹对学校要为学生定制校服一事，他们之间的不同看法。
【解答】（1）C．推理判断题。根据第一段的Andy is the most unreasonable and he makes me so angry that I could even scream sometimes! Of course， I sort of have to love him because he is my twin brother. Andy and Amy （that is me） have the same curly hair and dark eyes and are equally stubborn. Yet， on most issues we usually take opposite positions.安迪是最不讲道理的，他让我很生气，有时我甚至可以尖叫！当然，我有点爱他，因为他是我的双胞胎兄弟。 安迪和艾米（也就是我）有着相同的卷发和黑眼睛，而且都一样固执。然而，在大多数问题上，我们通常持相反的立场。可知艾米和安迪经常互相生气，因为他们总是持有不同的观点。故选C．
（2）D．细节理解题。根据第三段的ThelessIhavetodecidefirstthinginthemorning，thebetter. Ican'ttellyouhowmanymorningsIlookintomyclosetandjuststare，unabletodecidewhattowear我早上做决定的时间越少越好。我无法告诉你有多少个早上，我看着我的衣橱，眼睛只是盯着看，不知道该穿什么。可知，Amy 早上经常会因为穿什么衣服而犹豫不决，穿校服能使Amy节省思考这个问题的时间和精力。故选D．
（3）A．推理判断题。根据第二段的The principal has asked the students to express their opinions by voting on the issue before decisions are made. But she will have the final word on the dress code.校长要求学生们在作出决定之前就这个问题进行投票，以表达他们的意见。但她会决定着装要求。可知校长来决定学生们是否应该穿校服。故选A．
（4）D．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的IfeelsorryforyousinceIhadnoideathatyourego（自我） issofragilethatitwouldbecompletelydestroyedbyauniform我很抱歉我不知道你的自尊是如此脆弱，竟然会被一套校服毁掉。可知，Amy是想告诉Andy，我们穿的衣服（校服）并不能改变一个人的自我感觉。故选D．
Passage 4．（2021•宁德一模）
About 50 feet from shore， two brothers were fighting for their lives. They had been swept out to sea in a rip current， their mouths barely able to stay above the water. Thick fog made it difficult for beachgoers on Northern California's Trinidad State Beach to see the guys， but the screams were unmistakable. The brothers， ages 15 and 20， were wearing shorts and T﹣shirts， unsuitable for a November day， let alone the 50﹣degree water.
Luckily， four surfers in wet suits were nearby. Narayan Weibel，Spenser Stratton，and Adrian York， all 16， along with Tai Ortiz﹣beck， 15， were on their surf boards riding up and down the coast on five﹣foot waves when hearing the cries. They turned and saw two heads moving up and down repeatedly and four flailing arms.
"We looked at each other and knew these guys were about to drown"，Weibel told the Washington Post. Weibel，Stratton and Ortiz﹣beck paddled（划）toward the distressed swimmers while York headed to shore to warn someone to call 911. He then dived back in to help his friends.
As the surfers drew close， the brothers were struggling. Ortiz﹣beck pulled up alongside the younger brother. Grabbing him under his arms， he lifted him up onto his board. Stratton and Weibel，meanwhile，were trying their help the older brother. He was large，250 to 300 pounds，and panicked. York arrived in time to help get the older brother at the top of the second board.
The surfers then paddled several minutes through rough water to the medical help waiting onshore. The brothers were scared but fine.
"When we get a call like this one，it's usually too late by the time we get there"， says Dillon Clevenger，a first responder. "I can't say enough about what these surfers did. They were willing and prepared to risk their lives."
（1）What does the underlined word "flailing" in Paragraph 2 mean？　　
A. Desperately﹣waving. B. Tightly﹣crossed. C. Seriously﹣injured. D. Fully﹣open.
（2）Why did York make his way to the shore？　　
A. To warn swimmers of danger. B. To make an easy dive.
C. To have someone call for help. D. To pull up the brother.
（3）What can we learn from the words of Dillon？　　
A. The accident was hard to avoid. B. The surfers were brave and heroic.
C. The first responder got a call too late. D. Swimming in the sea was not permitted.
（4）What's the best title of the passage？　　
A. A Report about Surfing B. Two Brothers Fighting for Lives
C. An Adventure on Shore D. Surfers Coming to the Rescue
【考点】故事类阅读；记叙文阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了四个冲浪者救出受困的游泳者的故事。
【解答】（1）A. 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段"They turned and saw two heads moving up and down repeatedly and four flailing arms.他们转过身来，看见两个头不停地上下移动，四只手在挥舞。"可知，受困的游泳者在水中应是拼命flilig手臂使自己不会那么快沉下去。A选项Desperately﹣waving（拼命挥手。）符合文意。A. Desperately﹣waving拼命挥手；B. Tightly﹣crossed紧紧交叉；C. Seriously﹣injured 严重受伤；D. Fully﹣open完全打开。故选A项。
（2）C. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段"Weibel，Stratton and Ortiz﹣beck paddled（划）toward the distressed swimmers while York headed to shore to warn someone to call 911. 韦贝尔、斯特拉顿和奥尔蒂斯•贝克划着桨向痛苦的游泳者，而约克则上岸警告有人拨打911。"可知，York跑去岸边是为了提醒人们向911寻求帮助。C项To have someone call for help. （让人打电话求救。）符合文意。故选C项。
（3）B. 推理判断题。根据文章第六段" "When we get a call like this one，it's usually too late by the time we get there"， says Dillon Clevenger，a first responder. "I can't say enough about what these surfers did. They were willing and prepared to risk their lives.""当我们接到这样一个电话时，我们到那里的时候通常已经太迟了，"第一反应者Dillon Clevenger说关于这些冲浪者的所作所为我说得太多了。他们愿意并准备冒生命危险。"可推断，Dillon认为这些冲浪者十分的勇敢无畏。B选项The surfers were brave and heroic. （冲浪者英勇无畏。）符合文意。故选B项。
（4）D. 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了四个冲浪者救出被困游泳者的事情，因此文章的中心人物是四个勇敢无畏的冲浪者。D选项Surfers Coming to the Rescue. （前来救援的冲浪者）为短文最佳标题。故选D项。
Passage 5．（2021•漳州模拟）
When Simon Cane was in the second grade， he began learning about all the ways humans have an impact on the environment and really took those classroom lessons to heart in a way that set him apart from his schoolmates at his elementary school， P. S. 81， in the Bronx. "He told me we drove too much and made too much pollution，" his dad， Jonathan Cane， told Runner's World. So Simon convinced his parents to start hanging their clothes to dry， taking the stairs instead of elevators， and other "green" measures.
"For much of kindergarten and first grade I rode my bike to Simon's school with him on the back，" Jonathan said. "We had a lot of fun being outdoors. We'd stop to give our dog treats and generally enjoyed it." As Simon got bigger， though， it wasn't practical for him to ride on his father's back， but it also didn't make sense to ride together ﹣ both because of safety concerns and because there was no place to put away Simon's bike. So， most of the time they drove the 1.5 miles to school.
But in 2019，when Simon was going into third grade，the 8﹣year﹣old came up with a new way to help the planet：running the 1.5 miles to P. S. 81. And Jonathan promised his son he'd join him for as long as he wanted.
"We did a test run one day in August，and decided to give it a go. To be honest，I thought he'd blink（眨眼）after it got really cold or rainy， but he never did，" Jonathan said. He recalled one day when the weather was particularly bad. "It's really raining out there today，" he told Simon. "And Simon said，'Well then we're going to get wet!' He took pride in toughing it out，and it became a really fun family routine."
Since the start，Simon has run with his dad and their black dog，Lola，and has even inspired his mom，Nicole Sin Quee，to join in. They soon became known as "the family that runs to school".
（1）What makes Simon different from his classmates？　　
A. Washing his clothes by himself. B. Taking many classes after school.
C. Raising strange questions in class. D. Taking green measures to protect the environment.
（2）How did Simon usually go to school in second grade？　　
A. By car. B. By cycling. C. By running. D. By school bus.
（3）What can be inferred from paragraph 4？　　
A. Simon has trouble with his eyesight. B. Simon is really stubborn and inflexible.
C. Simon is much tougher than expected. D. Simon didn't get support from his father.
（4）What can be the best title for the text？　　
A. The Best Way to Go to School B. Father and Son Run for the Environment
C. A Teenager Keeps Running to Inspire Father D. Three Inspiring Running Athletes to Protect the Environment
【考点】故事类阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一位八岁的男孩 Simon Cane为环保做出的实际行动﹣﹣和爸爸一起跑去上学。
【解答】（1）D. 细节理解题。根据第一段"When Simon Cane was in the second grade， he began learning about all the ways humans have an impact on the environment and really took those classroom lessons to heart in a way that set him apart from his schoolmates at his elementary school， P. S. 81， in the Bronx.（当Simon Cane上二年级的时候，他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响，并真正把课堂上所学的内容牢记在心，在某种程度上这使他与布朗克斯的第81公立小学的同学们区别开来。）"以及"So Simon convinced his parents to start hanging their clothes to dry， taking the stairs instead of elevators， and other "green" measures.（所以，西蒙说服他的父母把衣服挂起来晾干，不坐电梯而走楼梯，以及采取其他"绿色"措施。）"可知，当Simon Cane上二年级的时候，他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响，把那些课堂上所学的内容铭记于心，并且采取"绿色"措施保护环境，这使得他跟他的同学不同。故选D项。
（2）A. 推理判断题。根据第二段"As Simon got bigger， though， it wasn't practical for him to ride on his father's back， but it also didn't make sense to ride together ﹣ both because of safety concerns and because there was no place to put away Simon's bike. So， most of the time they drove the 1. 5 miles to school. （然而，随着西蒙长大，骑在他爸爸自行车的后座，对他来说并不现实，但一起骑车也没有意义﹣﹣既是出于安全考虑，也是因为没有地方放西蒙的自行车。所以大多数时候他们都开车1.5英里到学校。）"以及第三段"But in 2019， when Simon was going into third grade， the 8﹣year﹣old came up with a new way to help the planet： running the 1. 5 miles to P. S. 81. （但是在2019年，那时候8岁的西蒙上三年级，他提出了一个帮助地球的新方法：跑步1.5英里去布朗克斯第81公立小学。）"可推知，二年级时 Simon Cane主要是坐车去上学。故选A项。
（3）C. 推理判断题。根据第四段"‘To be honest， I thought he'd blink （眨眼）after it got really cold or rainy， but he never did，' Jonathan said. （说实话，我以为天冷了或下雨了他就会犹豫一下，但他从来没有。）"可知，Simon Cane比预料的要坚强。故选C项。
（4）B. 标题归纳题。阅读全文，尤其是根据第一段"When Simon Cane was in the second grade， he began learning about all the ways humans have an impact on the environment and really took those classroom lessons to heart（当西蒙•凯恩上二年级的时候，他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响，并真正把课堂上学的内容牢记在心。）"以及最后一段"Since the start， Simon has run with his dad and their black dog， Lola， and has even inspired his mom， Nicole Sin Quee， to join in. They soon became known as "the family that runs to school."（ 从一开始，西蒙就和他的爸爸和他们的黑狗萝拉一起跑步，甚至还激励了他的妈妈 （Nicole Sin Quee）也加入进来。他们很快就被称为"跑去上学的家庭"。）"可知，本文主要讲述八岁的男孩 Simon Cane很重视环保，并且为环保做出的实际行动﹣﹣和爸爸一起跑步去上学。故选B项。

Passage 6．（2021•南充模拟）
"Hey，how are you doing？What grade are you in？What's your favorite book？Yeah，I got it." If you thought you'd walked into a library with a greeting like that，you wouldn't be too far off. In fact，you've entered the workplace of Courtney Holmes， the Storybook Barber
Two years ago，Dubuque Iowa，held its first annual Back to School Bash，offering needy families a chance to learn about free resources in the community. Holmes agreed to take part in it.He was holding down two jobs at the time one with the city's public works department，the other as a barber. Saturday was his busiest haircutting day， but he chose to devote his time to underprivileged（底层的）kids so they'd look sharp on that first day of classes. But then he had a sudden idea. "The kids should earn their free haircut by having to read a book to me. " Holmes said.
The idea was so popular that he continued it the first Tuesday of every month for the next two years.Five﹣to ten﹣year﹣old kids would hold a favorite book， settle into the barber chair，and read aloud while Holmes Gave them a haircut.If they had any difficulty，Holmes was there to help.After the haircut，they'd review the book， from the characters and vocabularies to the themes﹣﹣just like in school，only more fun. "These kids are eager to learn." said Holmes. "And they are able to open their hearts there."
Holmes admits he， too， benefits from the activity. "There was a seven﹣year﹣old boy who struggled through his book， shuttering（口吃 ）over words even though he didn't have a stutter，" said Holmes. He had the boy take the book home and practice. "When the child came back next time. He read it with no problems. That inspired me."
（1）Why did Holmes take part in Back to School Bash？　　
A. To reduce the parent's pressure. B. To earn more money.
C. To help poor kids look good. D. To work in the local schools.
（2）How often did Holmes provide free haircuts during the two years？　　
A. Once a year. B. Every Tuesday. C. Every weekend. D. Once a month.
（3）What can we learn about Holmes' young customers？　　
A. There are more boys than girls. B. They are students with reading problems.
C. They learn more here than in school. D. They get along well with Holmes.
（4）What can we best describe Holmes as？　　
A. A responsible social worker. B. A hard﹣working barber.
C. A kind﹣hearted volunteer. D. A busy and loving parent.
【考点】故事类阅读；记叙文阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了理发师考特尼•霍姆斯通过让孩子们给他读故事书而免费给他们理发的故事。
【解答】（1）C. 细节理解题。根据第二段"Saturday was his busiest haircutting day， but he chose to devote his time to underprivileged （底层的） kids so they'd look sharp on that first day of classes."可知，星期六是他理发最忙的一天，但他选择把时间花在贫困的孩子身上，这样他们在第一天上课的时候就会显得很精神。由此可知，霍姆斯参加返校会活动是因为他想让贫困的孩子看起来更好一些。故选C.
（2）D. 细节理解题。根据第三段"The idea was so popular that he continued it the first Tuesday of every month for the next two years."可知，这个想法非常受欢迎，接下来的两年里，他在每个月的第一个星期二给孩子们理发。由此可知，霍姆斯每个月给孩子们免费理一次发。故选D.
（3）D. 推理判断题。根据第三段"And they are able to open their hearts there."可知，在那里，他们能敞开心扉。由此推知，孩子们在霍姆斯的理发屋无拘无束、感到放松，说明他们与霍姆斯相处得很愉快。故选D.
（4）C. 推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段"He was holding down two jobs at the time one with the city's public works department， the other as a barber（他当时有两份工作，一份是市政工程部的，另一份是理发师）"以及"but he chose to devote his time to underprivileged （底层的） kids（但他选择把时间花在贫困的孩子身上）"和"free haircut（免费理发）"可知，霍姆斯有自己的工作，但还是愿意抽出时间免费为贫困的孩子理发，说明他是一个非常热心的志愿者。A. A responsible social worker负责任的社会工作者；B. A hard﹣working barber勤劳的理发师；C. A kind﹣hearted volunteer好心的志愿者；D. A busy and loving parent忙碌而慈爱的父母。故选C.
Passage 7．（2021•一模拟）
Last fall， I went to New York for sightseeing. I visited many tourist attractions there，and I also saw many unfortunate citizens on the street， like beggars and homeless folks.
Standing outside the Metropolitan Museum of Art， I heard a voice ask，"Can you do me a favor？" When I turned around，I saw an elderly blind woman with her hand extended out. Naturally，I reached into my pocket for some change immediately and placed it in her hand without even looking at her. I was really annoyed at being bothered by a beggar. What I only thought at that moment was to send her away.
But the blind woman said with a warm smile on her face，"I don't want your money. I just need you to show me the way to the subway entrance."
In an instant， I realized what I had done just now. Her unexpected words took me by surprise and shame. I had acted with prejudice ﹣﹣I'd judged another person simply for what I assumed she had to be. I felt ashamed of myself and couldn't face the old woman anymore. And I felt small beside her.
The incident reminded me that I believed in being humble，even though I had lost that belief for a moment. The thing I had forgotten about myself is that I am an immigrant. I left Honduras and arrived in the U. S. at the age of 15. Through the years，I have experienced many acts of prejudice. I remember a time at the age of 17 when I was a busboy，I heard a father tell his little boy that if he did not do well in school，he would end up like me. But now，living my American middle﹣class lifestyle，it is too easy to forget who I am and where I have been，and to lose sight of where I want to go. It is the blind woman who cured me of my blindness.
（1）What did the author think the blind woman wanted at first sight？　　
A. To ask for directions. B. To offer him some help.
C. To demand some donations. D. To borrow money from him.
（2）Why did the author feel ashamed？　　
A. He had a prejudice on the woman. B. He couldn't face the woman.
C. He was judged by his appearance. D. He was an immigrant himself.
（3）Why did the author mention his experience as a busboy？　　
A. To indicate he led a miserable life. B. To tell he didn't work hard at school.
C. To prove he used to be a humble man. D. To show he used to be unfairly judged.
（4）What is the best title for the text？　　
A. Be Considerate ﹣ Always Minding Your Words B. Be Humble ﹣ Always Dropping Your Prejudice
C. Be Generous ﹣ Always Helping Those in Need D. Be Aggressive ﹣ Always Having a Big Dream
【考点】故事类阅读；记叙文阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者因把一位盲人女士的求助误认为是乞讨行为，从而反思自己不应该带着偏见看人的故事。
【解答】（1）C. 细节理解题。根据第二段"When I turned around， I saw an elderly blind woman with her hand extended out. Naturally， I reached into my pocket for some change immediately and placed it in her hand without even looking at her."（我转过身，看见一位年老的盲人伸出手来。很自然地，我立即把手伸进口袋找了些零钱，放在她手里，连看都没看她一眼。）可知，刚开始，作者把盲人女士的求助误认为是乞讨要钱。故选C项。
（2）A. 细节理解题。根据第四段"I had acted with prejudice ﹣ I'd judged another person simply for what I assumed she had to be."（我的行为带有偏见﹣﹣我判断另一个人只是因为我认为她应该是什么样的人。）可知，在得知盲人女士的真实需要后，作者羞愧于自己刚才不应带着偏见看人。故选A项。
（3）D. 推理判断题。根据最后一段"Through the years， I have experienced many acts of prejudice."（这些年来，我经历了许多的偏见行为。）可知，作者这些年也被别人带着偏见对待过，其中一个事例就是自己在做勤杂工时的经历。故选D项。
（4）B. 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者因把一位盲人女士的求助误认为是乞讨行为，从而反思自己不应该带着偏见看人的故事，作者想通过这个故事告诉大家，要时刻保持谦逊之心，不要带着偏见对待他人，最后一段中的"being humble"是关键词，故选B项。

Passage 8．（2021•资阳模拟）
On a cold November morning in Yosemite National Park，on the south﹣west face of EL Capitan，Alex Honnold holds on to the side of the wall with nothing but the tips of his fingers and two thin edges of shoes， attempting to do something that professionals have long wanted to do﹣﹣a "free solo" climb of the world's most terrifying cliff（悬崖）. That means he is alone and climbing without a rope as he makes his way up more than half a mile of rock.
Paul Preuss， the father of the free soloing，stated the key of the climbing was to master a mountain with superior physical and mental skill，not "artificial aid". Having made some 150 ropeless climbs by the age of 27，he fell to his death in 1913 while free soloing in the Austrian Alps. But Preuss's ideas survived and inspired the "free climbing" movement of the 1960s， which supported using ropes and other safety equipment. The next free soloist appeared in 1973， when Henry Barber climbed up the 1，000﹣feet north face of Yosemite's Sentinel Rock without a rope. In 1976，John Bachar free soloed New Dimensions，a 300﹣foot cliff in Yosemite and Peter Croft free soloed two of Yosemite's most celebrated routes﹣﹣Astroman and Rostrum﹣﹣in the same day.
Croft's achievement stood until 2007， when Honnold， then 22， astonished the world by repeating Croft's Astroman﹣﹣Rostrum masterpiece and free soloed two famously tough routes in Zion National Park and Y osemite. Now， Honnold is attempting much higher goals and he is well on his way to completing the greatest rock climb in history.
（1）What can you learn about Alex Honnold from Paragraph 1？　　
A. He climbed with many other people.
B. He attempted to climb with artificial aid.
C. He free soloed the south﹣west face of EL Capitan with enough safety equipment.
D. He was the first person to attempt to free solo the south﹣west face of EL Captain.
（2）What does the underlined word "survived" in Paragraph 2 mean？　　
A. Lived longer. B. Continued to exist. C. Escaped. D. Succeeded.
（3）What can you learn from the passage？　　
A. Climbers mustn't use aid of any kind in climbing.
B. One's strength and will matter a lot while free soloing.
C. Climbers should use any safety devices while free soloing.
D. Ropes could only be used as an "artificial aid" while free soloing.
（4）What can best describe Honnold from the last Paragraph？　　
A. Ambitious. B. Encouraged. C. Stubborn. D. Disappointed.
【考点】故事类阅读；记叙文阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了无保护攀岩的历史，讲述了Alex Honnold要完成历史上最伟大的攀岩。
【解答】（1）D. 推理判断题。根据第一段中"On a cold November morning in Y osemite National Park， on the south﹣west face of EL Capitan， Alex Honnold holds on to the side of the wall with nothing but the tips of his fingers and two thin edges of shoes， attempting to do something that professionals have long wanted to do﹣a "free solo" climb of the world's most terrifying cliff （悬崖）."（ 11月的一个寒冷的早晨，Alex Honnold站在EL Capitan西南面的Y osemite National Park里，紧紧抓住墙壁，只用手指尖和两个薄薄的鞋边，试图做一件专业人士长期以来一直想做的事情﹣﹣"无保护攀岩"世界上最可怕的悬崖。）可以推断，Alex Honnold要试图做一件专业人士长期以来一直想做而没有做到的事情。从而推断他是第一个试图无保护攀登EL Capitan西南面的人。故选D项。
（2）B. 词句猜测题。根据划线词句的上文"Having made some 150 ropeless climbs by the age of 27， he fell to his death in 1913 while free soloing in the Austrian Alps."（1913年，他在奥地利阿尔卑斯山无保护攀岩时摔死，当时他27岁，已经完成了150次无绳攀登。）可知，Preuss多次攀岩成功后，最终不幸摔死。根据划线词句"But Preuss's ideassurvived and inspired the "free climbing" movement of the 1960s…"（但是Preuss的想法survived，并且激发了20世纪60年代的"无保护攀岩"运动……）转折的语义，可以推测到，Preuss人虽死，但他的想法却依然存在，选项B"继续存在"符合题意。A. Lived longer寿命更长；B. Continued to exist继续存在；C. Escaped逃走了；D. Succeeded成功。故选B项。
（3）B. 推理判断题。根据第二段中"Paul Preuss， the father of the free soloing， stated the key of the climbing was to master a mountain with superior physical and mental skill， not "artificial aid"."（无保护攀岩之父Paul Preuss曾说过，攀岩的关键在于用高超的身体和精神技能征服一座山，而不是"人工援助"。）可知，在无保护攀岩中一个人的力量起着重要作用。故选B项。
（4）A. 推理判断题。根据第一段中"…Alex Honnold …attempting to do something that professionals have long wanted to do﹣﹣a"free solo" climb of the world's most terrifying cliff （悬崖）."（……Alex Honnold……试图做一件专业人士长期以来一直想做的事情﹣﹣"无保护攀登"世界上最可怕的悬崖。）和最后一段最后一句"Now， Honnold is attempting much higher goals and he is well on his way to completing the greatest rock climb in history."（现在，Honnold 正在尝试更高的目标，他正在完成历史上最伟大的攀岩。）可知，Honnold雄心勃勃。A.Ambitious雄心勃勃的；B.Encouraged受到鼓舞的；C.Stubborn顽固的；D.Disappointed失望的。故选A项。
Passage 9．（2021•天河区一模）
Early February， I was flying up to Ohio. Well prepared， I had everything in my favour﹣fuel for five hours， charts in order， my flight plan on my lap， and a beautiful clear sky.
I was wrong.
I had heard about Alberta Clippers coming out of Canada. I knew all about them﹣how an entire air mass was streaming along at over sixty miles an hour.
That morning， the Weather Briefer informed me that an Alberta Clipper was going over Chicago about the time I got to the airport. Chicago was some 400 miles from my destination﹣not a factor， or so I thought. That was the first hint I missed.
The controller called and asked if I wanted to adjust my flight plan. I did the check and everything was in the green. So I told him no. Twenty minutes later the controller called again asking whether I wanted to adjust my flight plan. I checked everything. All was fine. I ignored that hint. I was fooled by the smooth air and limited experience with a rapidly moving air mass that was not changing violently. The Alberta Clipper was clipping along.
The first blast of turbulence（气流）struck my plane. I got slammed into the roof， and then slammed sideways hitting the window with such force up my nose that I started bleeding.
After a 2﹣hour flight of 100 miles， I realized fuel was now an issue. So was landing. I called Flight Following. We figured out the airport I could land.
The engine stopped. So did my heart. There is no quiet as quietly stunning as this one at such an altitude. I had run out of fuel in the left tank， and only a little in my right tank. The engine quit for a second time. I declared an emergency. I was told that I might get another few minutes of fuel if I gently banked the airplane. Luckily， it worked. Then， the engine quit for the last time. I was a glider now. I made a long lazy spiral descent. Down I went. I stopped at the very end of the runway.
I made so many mistakes， missed so many clues， and showed my ignorance so much that I beat myself up over and over again in my mind. I learned textbook descriptions of Alberta Clippers and real﹣life experience with one are totally different. I will never forget the sound of that silence.
I flew home the next day Older. Wiser. Humbler. Lucky.
（1）We can know from the passage that Alberta Clippers　　.
A. can bring snowstorms B. are violently changing air pressure
C. are quick﹣moving air masses D. can lead to a sudden temperature drop
（2）Which is the right order of the events？　　
a. I declared an emergency.
b. My airplane was running out of fuel.
c. I insisted on carrying on my flight plan.
d. I was thrown to the roof by the violent air mass.
e. I slightly banked my airplane and made a landing.
A. c﹣d﹣b﹣a﹣e B. d﹣c﹣e﹣b﹣a C. c﹣d﹣a﹣b﹣e D. d﹣c﹣b﹣e﹣a
（3）What does the underlined word "Humbler" in the last paragraph mean？　　
A. 更聪明 B. 更乐观 C. 更勇敢 D. 更谦卑
（4）What does the passage mainly describe？　　
A. A rewarding training. B. A narrow escape. C. A painful exploration. D. A serious accident.
【考点】故事类阅读；记叙文阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者在糟糕的天气条件下，坚持飞行，错估天气状况，又遭遇飞机没油和飞机引擎不转，经历了一次死里逃生的飞行经历。
【解答】（1）C．细节理解题。由第三段中的"I had heard about Alberta Clippers coming out of Canada. I knew all about them﹣how an entire air mass was streaming along at over sixty miles an hour."（我听说Alberta Clippers从加拿大来了。我对它们了如指掌﹣﹣整个空气团以每小时60英里的速度流动。）可知Alberta Clippers是快速移动的气团。故选C．
（2）A．细节理解题。按事件顺序，c﹣﹣第五段中的"So I told him no."（所以我告诉不调整飞行计划）；d﹣﹣第六段中的"I got slammed into the roof， and then slammed sideways hitting the window with such force up my nose that I started bleeding."（我被摔在顶上，然后侧身撞在窗户上，鼻子上的力量太大，我开始流血）；b﹣﹣倒数第三段中的"I had run out of fuel in the left tank， and only a little in my right tank."（我的左油箱没油了，而我的右油箱只有一点油．），a﹣﹣倒数第三段中的"I declared an emergency."（我宣布了紧急情况）；e﹣﹣倒数第三段中的"I was told that I might get another few minutes of fuel if I gently banked the airplane. Luckily， it worked."（有人告诉我，如果我轻轻地把飞机倾斜起来，我可能再得到几分钟的燃油。幸运的是，它成功了。）及"I stopped at the very end of the runway."（我在跑道的尽头停了下来）。可知事件的正确顺序为cdbae. 故选A．
（3）D. 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子"I flew home the next day Older. Wiser. Humbler. Lucky.我第二天就飞回家了。更聪明的。谦卑的。很幸运。"再结合倒数第二段"I made so many mistakes， missed so many clues， and showed my ignorance so much that I beat myself up over and over again in my mind. I learned textbook descriptions of Alberta Clippers and real﹣life experience with one are totally different. I will never forget the sound of that silence.我犯了太多的错误，错过了太多的线索，表现出了太多的无知，以至于我在脑海中一遍又一遍地痛打自己。我学到了教科书上对亚伯达快船队的描述，和现实生活中的经历完全不同。我永远不会忘记那寂静的声音。"可知我原来比较一意孤行，不听劝阻，而出事后我学会了谦虚。可知划线词的意思是"更谦卑"。故选D.
（4）B．主旨大意题。由第六段中的"The first blast of turbulence（气流）struck my plane. I got slammed into the roof， and then slammed sideways hitting the window with such force up my nose that I started bleeding."（我的飞机受到了第一次气流的冲击。我被摔在顶上，然后侧身撞在窗户上，鼻子上的力量太大，我开始流血。）倒数第三段中的"I had run out of fuel in the left tank， and only a little in my right tank. The engine quit for a second time. I declared an emergency."（我的左油箱没油了，而我的右油箱只有一点油。发动机又一次熄火了。我宣布了紧急情况。）及"I stopped at the very end of the runway."（我在跑道的尽头停了下来。）和最后一段"I flew home the next day. Older. Wiser. Humbler. Lucky."（第二天我就飞回家了。年纪大了。要更聪明的，更谦卑。真幸运。）可知文章讲的是死里逃生的一次飞行经历。故选B．
Passage 10．（2021•天河区一模）
Recently I read Nineteen Eighty﹣Four， a novel by George Orwell set in a totalitarian（极权主义的） state where even the language they use is controlled. Adjectives are forbidden and instead they use phrases such as "ungood"， "plus good" and "double plus good" to express emotions.
As I first read this I thought how impossible it would be in our society to have such vocabulary. However， the more I thought about it， the more I realized in its own way it was already happening. I type messages to my friends and alongside each is an emoji. I often use them to emphasize something， or to not seem too serious， or because this specific GIF conveys my emotions much better than I ever could using just words. And I wonder，"with too much use of emojis， are we losing the beauty and diversity of our vocabulary？"
English has the largest vocabulary in the world， with over one million words， but who's to say what it'll be like in the future？ Perhaps we will have a shorter language， full of saying "cry face" if something sad happens or using LOL （laugh out loud） or BRB （be right back） instead of saying the full phrase. So does this mean our vocabulary will shrink？ Is it the start of an exciting new era？
Yet when you look back over time， the power of image has always been there. Even in the prehistoric era they used imagery to communicate， and what's even more incredible is that we are able to analyse those drawings and understand the meaning of them thousands of years later. Pictures have the ability to go beyond time and language. Images， whether they are cave paintings or emojis， allow us to convey a message that's not restrictive but rather universal.
（1）What is the reason for the novel Nineteen Eighty﹣Four being mentioned？　　
A. To introduce the following topic. B. To recommend this book to readers.
C. To show the author's special interest. D. To show the diversity of languages.
（2）What can we infer from paragraph 3？　　
A. English vocabulary will become smaller. B. A new language era has come into being.
C. English will be replaced by a short language. D. Short forms of words are popular nowadays.
（3）What might be the author's opinion？　　
A. We shouldn't use emojis too much. B. Emojis can be understood universally.
C. Languages will be replaced by emojis. D. We have to learn several languages.
【考点】故事类阅读；记叙文阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者讲述了今天我们的社会中我们经常用表情符号或者缩写来表达自己的想法，过度使用表情符号会不会使我们失去词汇的美丽和多样性呢？作者认为表情符号不会限制我们的交流，图片能让我们传递不受限制的信息。
【解答】（1）A．推理判断题。根据第一段中Recently I read Nineteen Eighty﹣Four， a novel by George Orwell set in a state where even the language they use is controlled. Adjectives are forbidden and instead they use phrases such as ‘ungood'， ‘plus good' and ‘double plus good' to express emotions.As I first read this I thought how impossible it would be in our society to have such vocabulary. However， the more I thought about it， the more I realised in its own way it's already happening.最近我读了乔治•奥威尔（George Orwell）的小说《一九八四》（1984），小说的背景是一个国家，在这个国家里，人们甚至连使用的语言都受到了控制。他们不允许使用形容词，而是使用"ungood"、"plus good"和"double plus good"这样的短语来表达情感。当我第一次读到这篇文章时，我想在我们的社会中拥有这样的词汇是多么的不可能。然而，我越想，就越意识到它已经以自己的方式发生了。可知，作者提到小说《一九八四》是为了介绍下文的话题。故选A项。
（2）D. 推理判断题。根据第三段的 So does this mean our vocabulary will shrink？ Is it the start of an exciting new era？那么这是否意味着我们的词汇量会减少？这是一个令人兴奋的新时代的开始吗？可知从第三段我们能推断出现在流行缩写词。故选D.
（3）B. 观点态度题。根据最后一段中Pictures have the ability to transcend time and language. Images， be it cave paintings or emojis， allow us to convey a message that's not restrictive but rather universal.图片，无论是洞穴壁画还是表情符号，都能让我们传递一种信息，这种信息不受限制，而是普遍存在的。可知，作者的观点是表情符号可以被普遍理解。故选B.