英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature学案设计

Unit 5　Revealing nature

Developing ideas

词汇知识·自主学习

Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词及短语

1. a thing of myths and legends(神话传说) 

2. talking trees are fantasy (虚幻的) 

3. communicate (交流)with each other

4. release (释放) the chemicals

5. detect (察觉) the chemicals

6. the wasps (黄蜂) kill the insects 

7. more surprisingly (令人惊讶地)

8. grow crops without pesticides (杀虫剂)

9. an amazing (惊人的) system

10. be linked (联系) by

11. fungal (真菌的) network

12. spread poisons (毒物)

Ⅱ. 选词填空

communicate with;  be well known for;  call for;  drive away;  learn about;  as well as;  be linked by;  share with;  be blamed on;  send to

1. The extinction of the Pinta Island tortoise is blamed on humans.  

2. I learned about tennis and got to spend a lot of time with my friends during my holiday.  

3. Developing good communication skills is a good way to drive depression away!

4. We call for more educational resources to these places.  

5. The Caribbean Sea is well known for its lakes,  volcanoes,  and beaches.  

6. It helps you face personal interviews and communicate with the local people and fellow students.  

7. Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give advice as well as warning to people.  

8. If you want to get a job as a maths teacher,  send your resume to us.

9. They share their emotions and feelings with friends who they have never met in their life.

10. All twenty facilities will be linked by satellite broadcasting system so that employees can see and speak with each other.  

翻译下列课文原句, 并观察黑体部分

1. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract insects—the wasps! 

译文: 其中一些化学物质会把昆虫赶走。还有一些吸引昆虫——黄蜂!

2. A chilli plant can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful,  or unfriendly.

译文: 辣椒可以分辨出附近的植物是友好的还是不友好的。

3. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water,  indicating drought is arriving.

译文: 当没有足够的水时, 一些树会发出咔哒咔哒的声音, 这表明干旱即将来临。

4. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”.

译文: 科学家称这个系统为“木材万维网”。

5. While the Internet is a worldwide network of computers linked by cables and satellites,  the wood wide web is linked underground by fungi.

译文: 虽然互联网是由电缆和卫星连接的全球计算机网络, 但木材万维网是通过地下真菌连接的。

阅读研析·合作学习

Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解 

Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.

Task 2　文本微观剖析:  细节探究 

1. Choose the best answer.

(1)The recent scientific studies have shown that plants can _______.  

A. communicate with other living things in a chemical way when being eaten by an insect

B. hardly react to the chemicals the neighbour released

C. can release some chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten to drive the insects away

D. call the wasps to kill the insects that are eating their leaves

(2)What can we infer from Paragraph 4? 

A. People can’t hear the noise created by the plants because we can’t use sound to communicate with them.

B. All the plants can make noises with their roots.

C. Only chilli plants can tell if a neighbour plant is helpful or unfriendly.

D. When some plants make clicking noises, perhaps it suggests drought is coming.

(3)How do you think the plants link with each other in a forest? 

A. They can keep linked by cables and satellites like the Internet we use.

B. They have an amazing system of communication called “wood wide web”.

C. They are linked underground by their roots.

D. They use the fungal network to share information and food but they can’t attack others like our own Internet.

(4)What might be the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A. To tell us the importance of talking plants.

B. To convince people that talking plants are only a thing of myths and legends.

C. To introduce some ways in which plants communicate.

D. To tell the readers how to communicate with plants.

(5)The text is likely to appear in_______.  

A. a newspaper advertisement

B. a diary

C. a science magazine

D. a guidebook

答案: (1)～(5)ADBCC

2. Long sentence analysis.

(1)Using the wood wide web(现在分词短语作方式状语),  plants can share information and even food with each other.  

译文: 利用木材万维网, 植物可以彼此分享信息甚至食物。

(2) Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other(介词+关系代词引导的定语从句).  

译文: 科学家们每天都在更多地了解植物之间相互交流的秘密方式。

Task 3　阅读思维升华: 主题实践 

1. How many secret ways in which plants talk to each other are mentioned in the text? which one is mostly interesting to you? Why?

Three. I think their amazing system of communication is the most interesting to me,  because the system called “wood wide web” is just like our human Internet but it is linked underground by fungi.  

2. Do you think it’s useful to study the secrets of plants communication?  Why?  What can we benefit from it?

As far as I am concerned,  it is very important to study this. Because it can not only benefit our human beings a lot but also be good to creatures around us. We can better understand the nature,  summarize the law,  and promote the harmony between human and nature for a brighter future of the world.  

要点精研·探究学习

1. amazing adj. 令人惊异的

*With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy,  new research has revealed something amazing:  it appears that plants can communicate after all.

长久以来, 我们一直认为会说话的植物是幻想, 而最新的研究揭示了一些令人惊奇的事情: 植物似乎可以交流。

*(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders, ” Dr. Jubilado said.

“他们能比我们这些当地岛民在水下待的时间长得多, 这让我们感到非常惊讶, ”朱拉多博士说。

*Think about it differently,  and find an amazingly wonderful way forward.

换一种方式思考, 然后找到一种令人惊讶的绝妙的前进方式。

【词块积累】

amaze 　　　　　　　vt. 使惊奇

amazingly      adv. 令人惊讶地

amazed      adj. 惊奇的, 吃惊的

be/get amazed by   对……感到惊讶

amazement     n. 惊异, 惊愕

to one’s amazement  令人吃惊的是

(1)语法填空。

①(2020·浙江高考)Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing (amaze) but also dangerous.

②From his amazed (amaze) look,  I knew he hadn’t expected my early arrival.

(2)What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us.  

使我惊诧的是, 她竟然瞒了我们这么久。

(3)To everyone’s amazement,  he changed beyond recognition.  

令大家惊讶的是, 他变得面目全非。

2. call for 需要;  要求

*This is like a warning, or a call for help.

这就像一个警告, 或者一个求助电话。

*Your father is ill. You should call in a doctor at once.

你父亲病了, 你应该立即去请医生。

*They’ve called off the game because of the thick fog.

因为大雾他们取消了比赛。

*He called upon me to speak immediately after him.

他号召我在他之后立即讲话。

*The injured soldiers called out in pain.

那些受伤的士兵痛苦地大叫。

【词块积累】

call for　　　需要; 要求; 去接某人

call in   顺便拜访; 请人来帮忙; 电话通知

call off   取消

call on/upon 呼吁; 号召

call out   喊叫

call up   使想起, 使回忆起

(1)语法填空。

①The trip to Italy might be called off.

②The film called up memories of my little brother.

(2)I often call in on him at the weekend.  

我经常在周末去看他。

(3)Some groups are calling for the release of political prisoners in that country.  

那个国家的一些团体要求释放那些政治犯。

3. in some ways 在某些方面;  在某种程度上

*It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use.

它在某些方面类似于我们使用的互联网。

*(2020·浙江高考)He told me a helicopter was on its way,  but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived.

他告诉我有一架直升机正在赶来, 但要等30分钟才能到。

*Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and convenience of online shopping without the concern about being cheated. 只有这样, 我们才能享受网上购物的乐趣和便利, 而不用担心被骗。

*He is studying hard and making his way to a famous university. 他正在努力学习, 考上一所著名的大学。

【词块积累】

all the way　　　　　　总是; 一直

on the/one’s way   在……路上

in a way/ in one way/ in some way/ways

       在某种程度上

in no way     决不

in the way     挡道; 妨碍

make one’s way   前进

in this/that way   以……方式

(1)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write a children’s book for many years,  but one thing or another always got in the way.  

简的祖母多年来一直想写一本儿童读物, 但总是遇到这样或那样的障碍。

(2)The obstacles facing him today are in some ways as big as ever.  

他如今所面对的障碍, 在某些方面和以往一样大。

(3) We got there by driving slow all the way.  

我们开着车去了那里, 一路上开得很慢。

(4)In no way am I going to adopt any of his methods.  

我绝对不会采纳他的任何方法。

4. information n. 信息, 资料; 知识; 情报

*(2020·天津高考)In library books and computers,  you can find information on starting a business.

在图书馆的书和电脑里, 你可以找到关于创业的信息。

*I demanded that he(should)inform me of the change in the plan in time. 我要求他把计划中的变化及时通知我。

*The government should keep the citizens well informed of the new design of metro lines.

政府应该让市民了解地铁线路的最新设计。

【词块积累】

inform against　　　　　　  告发

informed        adj. 见多识广的; 消息灵通的; 有根据的; 明智的

inform sb.  of /about sth.   通知某人某事

keep sb.  informed of   通知某人某事

inform sb.  that/how/ 疑问词 通知某人……

(1)语法填空。

①The newspapers always keep us informed(inform)of the events taking place in the world.

②Now,  I am writing to inform you of some relevant details.

(2)He later informed me that I was “not athletic”.  

他后来告诉我, 我“不擅长运动”。

【句式解构】

　　本句为主从复合句。句中With us long believing that是with引导的复合结构作状语, 第一个that引导的是宾语从句, 第二个that 引导的是主语从句, it 是形式主语。

*(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325, 000 in 2001 to 419, 000 in 2013.

官方报告显示, 三代同堂的家庭数量从2001年的32. 5万户增加到2013年的41. 9万户。

*You have no idea how she finished the relay race with her foot wounded so much.

你不知道她的脚受了那么多伤, 是怎么跑完接力赛的。

*Standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.

双臂交叉站立会发出你在防御的信号。

with复合结构

*She came into the room, with her nose red because of cold. (with+名词+形容词, 作伴随状语)

*With the meal over ,  we all went home. (with+名词+副词, 作时间状语)

*The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm. (with+名词+介词短语, 作伴随状语)

*He could not finish it without me to help him. (without+代词 +不定式, 作条件状语)

*She fell asleep with the light burning. (with+名词+现在分词 , 作伴随状语)

*Without anything left in the cupboard,  she went out to get something to eat. (without+代词+过去分词, 作原因状语)

(1)语法填空

①With drink and food running (run) out, the prisoner had to walk out of the cave where he was hiding.

②Moreover,  wider and better social benefits can be reached with the positive social images built (build).

(2)In the picture, we can see a boy in worn clothes,  sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it.  

在图片中, 我们可以看到一个男孩穿着破旧的衣服, 坐在一张破旧的上面有一堆书的木桌旁。

【句式解构】

　　本句为主从复合句。句中It为形式主语; that引导的是主语从句。

*It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.

很明显, 咖啡馆里的经理在等李方离开。

*It occurs to the man that he cannot even prove his own identity to the policeman.

他突然想到, 他甚至无法向警察证实自己的身份。

常见的it作形式主语

(1)it作形式主语, 真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句, 常见的有:

①It+be+形容词(possible, strange, natural, important. . . ) +that从句

②It+be+过去分词(said, thought, believed, supposed, reported. . . ) +that从句

③It+不及物动词(seems, occurs, happens. . . ) +that从句

④It+be+名词词组(a pity, an honour, no wonder) +that从句

(2)特殊用法

①在“It is strange/natural/important/necessary/essential. . . +that从句”结构中, 从句要用虚拟语气, 即从句谓语动词为“(should) +动词原形”, 表示“去做某事”。

②在“It is+suggested/desired/proposed/recommended/ ordered. . . +that从句”结构中, 从句要用虚拟语气, 即谓语动词用“(should) +动词原形”形式。

(1)Meanwhile,  it is hoped that children will be more responsible and brave in the future.  

同时, 希望孩子们在未来会更有责任感和勇敢。

(2)It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence.  

很有可能, 我们都有一种折中的对话智慧。

(3)It is reported that donating blood does good to health.  

据报道, 献血对健康有好处。

(4)It occurred to me that the noodles you cooked tasted good.  

我想起来了, 你煮的面条味道还不错。

【要点拾遗】

1. advice n.  建议; 忠告; 劝告(不可数)

*What you have to do is have a good rest and follow the doctor’s advice.

你要做的就是好好休息, 听从医生的建议。

*If you want to grow a small business into a big business, seek advice from someone who has built a big business.

如果你想将一个小公司发展成为一个大公司, 你得向创建过大公司的人征求意见。

*And gradually I began to take the advice in these books to heart.

慢慢地, 我开始从心里接受书中的建议。

【词块积累】

give advice to sb. 　　　　 给某人建议

seek one’s advice/seek advice from sb.

        向某人征求意见

take/follow one’s advice  采纳某人的建议

advise vt.       建议; 劝告, 忠告; 通知; 警告

advise sb.  (not) to do sth.  建议某人(不)做某事

(1)语法填空。

①I’d advise buying (buy) your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August.

②Dentists advise you to have (have) your teeth checked every six months.  

(2) I’m writing to you to ask for your constructive advice.  

我写信给你是想征求你的建设性意见。

(3) They advise that a passport should be carried with you at all times.  

他们建议护照要随时带在身边。

2. similar adj.  相似的;  n.  类似物

*It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use.

它在某些方面类似于我们使用的互联网。

*(2020·天津高考)A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage;  similarly,  a “spotsound” creates a circle of sound in one targeted area.

聚光灯只能照亮舞台的一个部分; 类似地, 一个“斑点声音”在一个目标区域创建一个声音圈。

*Although similarity in food consumption is not a sign of whether two people will get along,  we find consumers treat this as such. 虽然在食物消费上的相似性并不能代表两个人是否能和睦相处, 但我们发现消费者是这样看待的。

【词块积累】

similarly　　　　　 adv. 相似地; 类似地

be similar to   与……类似

similarity     n. 类似物

语法填空。

(1)Running is a good way to keep fit;  similarly (similar),  riding a bicycle is good for our health.

(2)There are some similarities (similar) between the two plays.

(3)My teaching style is similar to that of most other teachers.

3. as well as 也; 和……一样; 不但……而且

*(2019·天津高考)But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment.

但是, 尽自己所能做好任何一份普通的工作本身就是一种令人钦佩的承诺。

*(2020·天津高考)I’ve heard that you are a talented young woman,  and I have found you charming and intelligent as well.

我听说你是一个有才华的年轻女子, 我发现你既迷人又聪明。

【词块积累】

as well 　　　　 adv. 也,  还有

as good as   和……几乎一样, 实际上等于……

as far as   adv. 至于, 直到, 远到; 就……而言

as long as   只要; 和……一样长

as soon as   一……就

(1)(2020·天津高考)Jim says we can stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.  

吉姆说只要我们把房子收拾得干净整洁, 我们就可以待在他的房子里。

(2)As far as I’m concerned,  playing is one of children’s basic rights.  

在我看来, 玩耍是孩子们的基本权利之一。

(3) (2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) As well as looking at exhibits,  visitors can play with computer simulations.  

除了观赏展品, 游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏。

(4)As soon as we realized something was wrong,  we moved the children away.  

我们一发现不对劲, 就把孩子们抱走了。

(5)In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.  

在这个时代, 妇女可以养孩子也可以工作。

读写结合·表达升级

如何写建议信

Task 1　框架宏观建构: 整体理解 

1. Skim the observational journal and you’ll find that observational journals are usually described on the basis of time as a clue.

2. The observational journal is about the growing process of daffodils.  

Task 2　文本微观剖析: 特色表达 

　　假定你叫李华, 你的美国朋友Jack 来信, 说他暑假期间要来中国交流学习。他学了两年中文, 但是仍然担心用中文交流时会遇到困难。请你用英语给Jack写一封回信, 提几点建议, 要点如下: 

1. 大胆自信; 

2. 放慢语速; 

3. 借助图画或肢体语言等表达方式。

注意: 1. 词数80个左右; 

2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯; 

3. 信中不能出现本人的相关信息。

完成句子

1. 我很高兴听到你今年夏天要来中国的消息。

I am very glad to hear that you are coming to China this summer.   

2. 我会告诉你怎样学好汉语。

I will tell you something about how to learn Chinese well.  

3. 你不要害羞而要大胆地说汉语。

You should not be shy and speak Chinese out bravely.  

4. 无论你走到哪里, 无论什么时候。

Wherever you go and whenever it is.  

5. 你最好说慢一点并且边听录音边重复。

You’d better speak slowly and listen to the tape and repeat after it.  

6. 如果其他人不能理解你, 你可以使用图片或者肢体语言来帮助。

If others can’t understand you, you can use pictures or body language to help you.  

7. 我希望这些建议对你有益。

I hope these advice would be beneficial to you.  

句式升级

8. 将1、2句改为并列句。

I am very glad to hear that you are coming to China this summer and therefore I will tell you something about how to learn Chinese well.  

9. 将3、4句改为复合句。

You should not be shy and speak Chinese out bravely wherever you go and whenever it is.  

10. 将5、6句中间用合适的词连接。

And you’d better speak slowly and listen to the tape and repeat after it. Last but not least,  if others can’t understand you, you can use pictures or body language to help you.  

Dear Jack,  

How is everything going? I am very glad to hear that you are coming to China this summer and therefore I will tell you something about how to learn Chinese well. First, learning Chinese is just like learning any other foreign language, you should not be shy and speak Chinese out wherever you go and whenever it is. This is very important. Secondly, the more you use Chinese, the better you will learn it. And you’d better speak slowly and listen to the tape and repeat after it. Last but not least,  if others can’t understand you, you can use pictures or body language to help you. I hope these advice would be beneficial to you.  

Best wishes!  

Yours,  

Li Hua 

【话题拓展】

1. 话题特点

　　近年高考英语应用文写作中, 建议信是一个常见的题型。

建议信通常是外国友人要来中国旅游、上学或者了解中国的传统文化, 我们作为东道主为他们介绍一下中国的文化或者名胜, 并给出一些适当的建议。写作时注意准确运用时态, 上下文意思连贯, 符合逻辑关系, 尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式, 同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要富于变化。平时除了加强词汇积累、写作练习以外, 还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文, 这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果。

2. 话题词汇

元宵节:  The Lantern Festival　刺绣: Embroidery　重阳节: The Double Ninth Festival　清明节: The Tomb Sweeping Day 　剪纸: Paper Cutting 书 法:  Calligraphy 对联: (Spring Festival) Couplet 四合院: Siheyuan/Quadrangle 战国: Warring States 风水: Fengshui/Geomantic Omen　昆曲: Kunqu Opera长 城 : The Great Wall 集体舞: Group Dance

3. 话题句式

 (1)开头(表达自己的观点)

①You have asked me for my advice on. . . and I am writing to express my thoughts.

②I’d like to offer you some advice on. . .

③I would like to make some suggestions on. . .

④I am writing to express my views on. . .

(2)中间(介绍个人情况):

①If I were you, I would. . .

②In my opinion, it would be wise to. . .

③I think it would be more beneficial if you. . .

④I wonder if you have considered the following facts.

(3)结尾(询问+客套话)

①I will be very glad if you find my suggestions useful.

②I hope you will find these suggestions practical/useful/helpful.

③I would appreciate it if you could. . .

④Would you please let me know as soon as possible whether. . .

⑤I look forward to your call at. . . /I would appreciate your call at. . . .

⑥I’m looking forward to hearing from your reply soon.