Unit 2　The universal language Part 3-2022版英语选择性必修第一册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析）

Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment &Further study

基础过关练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.Zhang Jike has earned a good　　　(名誉,名声) at home and abroad for his excellent table tennis skills and has won over thousands of fans. 

2.The guide was 　　　(热情的) and knowledgeable and we spent a lovely evening wandering into places which we would have walked straight past. 

3.Throughout the three-week production, two photographers crossed 　　　(辽阔的) Iceland to shoot the land, blue sky and volcanoes. 

4.What matters is how the people who　　　(拥有;支配) authority think of it. 

5.The storm got worse and worse. Finally, I was obliged to　　　(放弃) the car and continue on foot. 

6.Store owners are getting 　　　(绝望的) after several months of poor sales this year. 

7.The man had　　　(天赋,天资) and had made his mark in the aviation world. 

8.If you are considering someone you care about, wouldn't you give him positive 　　　(鼓舞人心的) advice? 

Ⅱ.选词填空

a crowd of;break into;be determined to;a variety of;because of;be full of;all of a sudden;with ease;be regarded as;give up

1.He suffered a serious injury that obliged him to 　　　　　　work. 

2.He 　　　　　　the most successful president of modern times. 

3.Anne was intelligent and capable of passing her exams 　　　　　　. 

4.　　　　　　someone grabbed me around the neck. 

5.The streets of the city 　　　　　　homeless people asking for their rights during the election. 

6.It's up to the teacher to provide　　　　　　 types of input in the classroom. 

7.　　　　　　 swim and you could discover a whole new you. 

8.Thousands of people in Washington were facing difficulties 　　　　　　the failure of controlling the spread of the virus. 

9.There was no one nearby who might see him trying to 　　　　　　the house. 

10.The morning before the exam started, I walked through　　　　　　 students' parents. 

Ⅲ.单句语法填空

1.Some kids 　　　　(desperate) want something such as a pet dog or a toy gun,but they usually are refused by their parents. 

2.　　　　(surprise)and curious, Nick decided to open the box sent by his friend. 

3.Despite the tough situation, 　　　　(remark)economic results have been achieved in China.  

4.She was an accomplished pianist, a superb swimmer, and a 　　　　(gift)artist.  

5.Weather　　　　(predict)has never been a perfect science. 

6.Many unemployed people experience feelings of isolation and 　　　　(depress). 

Ⅳ.课文语法填空

　　After 　1　(hear) the first-ever performance of the great Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No.9, 　2　 was his last major piece of music, a sea of people all stood, clapping and 　3　(wave) their hats and handkerchiefs to express their    4   (appreciate) of the masterwork. 

As a gifted child, Beethoven 　5　(appreciate) for his piano performances. Being a teenager, he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician. 　6　, in his late twenties, Beethoven started to lose his hearing, which deeply depressed

　7　(he). 

Despite his darkest moments, he never abandoned hope and was determined

　8　(find) a way to continue 　9　(live) a life full of music. When Beethoven presented Symphony No.9 in Vienna in 1824, it was his first time 　10　 stage in over ten years. Symphony No. 9 has become one of the most famous and treasured pieces in the history of classical music.  

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 

能力提升练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2020北京首师大附中高一分班考,)

Twenty-five young musicians from around the world have come to California to train and perform this month. They will take part in an international program called iPalpiti. The name comes from the Italian word for heartbeats.

Eduard Schmieder is the program's conductor and musical director. Schmieder and his wife started the program in 1997 with the help of violinist and conductor Yehudi Menuhin.

This year, the musicians come from 19 countries, including Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Israel and Italy. Schmieder notes some of the musicians are from countries that are at war with each other. And they are sitting next to each other, and become friends. He says through their music and friendship, they are making the world more peaceful.

The musicians taking part in the program range in age from their late teens to their 30s. They include winners of major music competitions. Peter Rainer is a violin player from Germany. He serves as the concertmaster, the link between the musicians and conductor. “It's so great that you have so many sensitive musicians. They are all very alert(警觉的)and awake and listen to each other, and it's a lot of fun,” Turkish viola player Can Sakul said. “The international group works well together.” “The experience is a cultural as well as a musical exchange,” said Russian violinist Semyon Promoe. “Everyone has their own opinion of music and how to play every composition. It's very interesting to interact with everybody, to play together and to create one opinion for everybody. We feel at ease.”

This year, the festival focuses on music from the 1600s to the 1900s. But cello player Franciaco Vila from Ecuador said the music had no geographic boundaries. Vila added that the musicians got to know more about each other as they performed great music.

“It's interesting to see where we intersect(相交)and how many things we have in common. And the music world is quite small, so you're only one person away from knowing everyone else,” Can Sakul said. “The musicians who have taken part in the training and festival make up a big family.” He added that he was proud to be part of it.

1.When was the program founded?

A.This month.　　B.In the 1600s.

C.In Schmieder's late teens.　　D.In 1997.

2.Mentioning that “some of the musicians are from countries that are at war with each other”, Schmieder intends to present that　　　. 

A.musicians continue to fight in competitions

B.music makes the world more harmonious

C.musicians are from different countries

D.the world is not peaceful

3.What does the underlined word “sensitive” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A.Flexible.　　B.Artificial.

C.Brilliant.　　D.Energetic.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.Musicians have much in common

B.A national music program

C.Music has no geographic boundaries

D.Music competitions during war

Ⅱ.七选五

(2020甘肃武威高一期末,)

Music makes you more creative. 　1　, they come up with more creative solutions, according to researchers. It may be because music improves your brain's flexibility. Another reason may be that it relaxes you enough for the creative juices to flow. But don't play music too loudly. 

Music can help during surgery. 　2　. After surgery, it helps reduce pain. An analysis of 73 studies confirmed that listening to music before, during or after surgery reduced anxiety and pain levels, which in turn meant less pain medication. 

　3　. Studies have found that when you're running, biking or walking, you'll go farther with music on. Music relieves your discomfort and motivates you to stay on. The effect is so obviously great that the author of a review examining the psychological effects of music on exercise called music “a type of legal performance-improvement drug”. 

Music aids sleep. Listening to music before bed can help you fall asleep faster and wake up less often during the night. 　4　. In one study, seniors with sleep problems who listened to 45 minutes of soft slow music before bed reported a 35 percent improvement in their sleep. 

Music gets you to ignore the passing of time. Scientists have shown repeatedly that people judge a period of waiting shorter when music is playing. Businessmen use that to their advantage, playing music so you will stay longer and spend more. For instance, more drinks and food are sold in bars and restaurants when music is played. 　5　, grocery sales increase by 38 percent. 

A.In this case, you'll feel more relaxed in the morning

B.And if the background music is slow

C.Then you play a piece of brief music

D.When people listen to happy music rather than when they sit in silence

E.When music is played varying from a tune to another

F.Music makes you get rid of the idea of quitting a workout

G.Listening to music before surgery has been shown to ease anxiety

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

Ⅲ.概要写作

(2021浙江杭州模拟,)

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Throughout history, music spread among people of different cultures. In today's technologically advanced society, however, people spread music online, sometimes without an artist's permission. This can lead to many problems, and music companies are now dealing with this practice. Sharing music online without permission is a theft.

Sharing music online prevents recording companies from making money through their efforts. They say that sharing music online has led to a huge drop in profits and sales over the past 10 years. People who find music for free online are not paying for CDs or every downloaded MP3. To truly understand the influence of music piracy(盗版行为)on creators, we must understand how many people are involved in the recording process. For the sale of each album, profits must be shared between musicians, sound engineers, music producers, managers, advertisers, and the company selling the product. Many people believe sharing music only affects the recording artist, but the reality is that sharing hurts the business of all companies involved.

There are many people who don't see the harm in sharing music online and even think they have the right to do it. One online blogger states that he originally paid for an entire CD and that he should be able to do with the material whatever he wants. While he may have legally paid for the music, he does not have the right to provide permission, which means people like the blogger are thieves.

Although we don't spread today's music the same way we did before, there's no doubt that people around the world love to share music. However, Internet piracy would prevent musicians from continuing producing albums for fear of theft. Therefore, if people want to continue listening to their favorite artists, they need to buy their music so that artists will make enough profits to continue their music careers.

Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment & Further study

基础过关练

Ⅰ.1.reputation　2.enthusiastic　3.vast　4.possess　5.abandon　6.desperate　7.genius　8.uplifting

Ⅱ.1.give up　2.was regarded as　3.with ease　4.All of a sudden     5.were full of　6.a variety of　7.Be determined to　8.because of       9.break into　10.a crowd of

Ⅲ.1.desperately　考查副词。句意:有些孩子极度想要宠物狗或玩具枪之类的东西,但他们通常遭到父母的拒绝。设空处修饰动词want,故用副词形式。

2.Surprised　考查形容词作状语。句意:既吃惊又好奇,尼克决定打开他朋友送的盒子。此处用形容词作状语,表示主语Nick所处的状态。

3.remarkable　考查形容词。句意:尽管形势严峻,中国还是取得了显著的经济成果。设空处修饰名词results,故用形容词形式。

4.gifted　考查形容词。句意:她曾是一位技艺高超的钢琴家、杰出的游泳健将和天才艺术家。形容词修饰名词,设空处修饰名词artist,表示“有天赋的”,故用gifted。

5.prediction　考查名词。句意:天气预报从来都不是一门准确无误的科学。weather prediction意为“天气预报”,为固定搭配。

6.depression　考查名词。句意:许多失业者会体会到孤独和沮丧的感觉。介词后接名词,根据介词of和isolation and可知,设空处用名词形式。

Ⅳ.1.hearing　考查动名词。介词后接动名词,根据介词After可知,设空处用动名词形式。

2.which　考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Symphony No.9,设空处在从句中作主语,故用which。

3.waving　考查现在分词。分析该句结构可知,设空处和and前的现在分词clapping并列,作伴随状语,故用现在分词。

4.appreciation　考查名词。形容词性物主代词后接名词,根据their可知,设空处用名词形式。

5.was appreciated　考查动词的时态和语态。根据该句中的As a gifted child可知,该句陈述的是贝多芬小时候的事情,故用一般过去时;该句主语为Beethoven,和动词appreciate之间为被动关系,表示“受到赏识”,故用被动语态。

6.However　考查副词。设空处前文陈述贝多芬年少成名,设空处后文陈述贝多芬二十多岁时开始丧失听力,前后文之间为转折关系,结合逗号可知,设空处用However。

7.him　考查代词。设空处作宾语,故用宾格。

8.to find　考查动词不定式。be determined to do sth.为固定搭配,表示“决定做某事”。

9.living/to live　考查固定用法。此处指贝多芬决定找到一种继续过充满音乐的生活的方法,continue doing sth./to do sth.表示“继续做某事”。

10.on　考查介词。on stage为固定搭配,意为“在舞台上”,此处表示“在十多年时间里这是他第一次在舞台上(演奏)”。

能力提升练

Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了音乐人Schmieder创建了一个由各国不同年龄的音乐家组成的团队,希望他们的音乐和友谊使世界更加和平。

1.D　细节理解题。由第二段中的Schmieder and his wife started the program in 1997 with the help of violinist and conductor Yehudi Menuhin.一句可知Schmieder和妻子在1997年开始了这个项目,故选D。

2.B　推理判断题。由第三段中的Schmieder notes some of the musicians are from countries that are at war with each other. And they are sitting next to each other, and become friends. He says through their music and friendship, they are making the world more peaceful.可知一些来自交战国的音乐家们坐在一起,成了朋友。通过他们的音乐和友谊,这个世界会更和平。因此,Schmieder想以此表达音乐使世界更和谐。故选B。

3.C　词义猜测题。由上文They include winners of major music competitions.和下文They are all very alert and awake and listen to each other, and it's a lot of fun可知,参加这个项目的音乐家都是非常有悟性、有成就的人。句中的sensitive意为“感觉敏锐的;有悟性的”,与brilliant同义,故选C。flexible意为“灵活的”;artificial意为“人造的;虚假的”;energetic意为“精力充沛的”。

4.C　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了音乐人Schmieder创建了一个由各国不同年龄的音乐家组成的团队,希望他们的音乐和友谊使世界更和平。C项“音乐没有地域界限”表达了本文主题,适合作为标题。故选C。A项“音乐家有很多共同之处”;B项“一个国家音乐项目”;D项“战争期间的音乐竞赛”。

【高频词汇】　1.take part in参加　2.at war在交战中　3.focus on关注　4.add vt.补充说　5.make up组成　6.have sth. in common有(某方面)共同之处

Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了听音乐的一些好处,包括使人更有创造力,有助于降低手术前、手术中或手术后的焦虑和疼痛程度,让人更能坚持锻炼以及辅助睡眠等等。

1.D　根据下文可知,他们会想出更有创意的解决方案,这可能是因为音乐提高了其大脑的灵活性。另一个原因可能是它能让你足够放松,让你的创造性思维得以流动。故D项(当人们听着快乐的音乐,而不是静静地坐着时)符合上下文语境,且符合该句的语法结构,即该处应该用时间状语从句。故选D。

2.G　根据下文“手术后,它有助于减轻疼痛。”及该段主题句Music can help during surgery.可知,此空既要符合本段主旨,又要与下文有效衔接。故G项(手术前听音乐已被证明可以缓解焦虑)符合语境。故选G。

3.F　根据下文“研究发现,当你跑步、骑自行车或走路时,你会随着音乐行进得更远。音乐缓解你的不适,激励你坚持下去。”可知,此空应体现本段主旨,且形式上与各段主题句保持统一,F项(音乐让你摆脱放弃锻炼的念头)符合条件,故选F。

4.A　根据上文“音乐辅助睡眠。睡前听音乐可以帮助你更快入睡,减少夜间醒来的次数。”可知,音乐有助于睡眠质量的提高,那么结果就是人们早上醒来会感到更放松。故A项(在这种情况下,你会在早上感到更放松)符合上下文语境,故选A。

5.B　根据上文“科学家们已经反复证明,当播放音乐时,人们判断一段等待的时间会变短。商人利用这一点,播放音乐,这样你就会待得更久,花费得更多。”以及下文“食品杂货的销售额会增加38%”可知,本段在说背景音乐的好处。故B项(如果背景音乐是舒缓的)符合上下文递进的逻辑关系。故选B。

【高频词汇】　1.creative adj.创造性的　2.come up with提出,想出　3.confirm vt.证实;确认　4.in turn相应地;轮流    5.relieve vt.减轻,缓和　6.fall asleep入睡　7.in silence沉默地      8.get rid of摆脱

Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。主题语境是人与社会。文章讲了未经许可在网上共享音乐是一种盗窃行为,会导致很多问题。在网上分享音乐阻止了唱片公司通过自己的努力赚钱。共享音乐会损害所有相关公司的业务。许多人没有意识到网上分享音乐的危害,甚至认为他们有权利这样做。如果人们想要继续听他们最喜欢的艺术家的音乐,他们需要购买他们的音乐,这样艺术家才能获得足够的利润来继续他们的音乐事业。

脉络分析

写作建议

概要写作要求学生使用自己的语言将350词左右的短文概括为60词左右的短文,也就是说,要用简洁准确的语言表述原文大意。所以,写作时既要词数少,又要尽可能多地包含要点与次要点。学生要学会写出“多枝共干”结构的长句,可以通过句型与词汇(构词法)、减少谓语动语的使用来合并重构。具体可以通过以下方法:

(1)转换词性;

(2)使用非谓语动词作主语、状语、定语,少用从句;

(3)使用介词短语代替从句;

(4)使用并列成分;

(5)使用省略句。

One possible version:

Sharing music online without permission is a theft, which can cause many problems.(要点1) It mainly affects the recording companies, preventing them from making money.(要点2) However, many people don't see the bad effects, and some of them even think they have the right to do that.(要点3) So, to continue listening to their favorite artists, people need to buy their music so that artists will make enough profits to continue their music careers.(要点4)