译林版高中英语选择性必修第一册UNIT2突破语法大冲关课件+学案
展开动词ing形式作主语和宾语
[观察例句]
观察下列例句，体会其黑体部分的语法功能
1．Learning to understand and share the value system of a whole society cannot be achieved just in the home. 作主语
2．Taking exercise every morning helps make one healthy. 作主语
3．I consider waiting a bit longer before I give up. 作宾语
4．I can't imagine marrying such a woman. 作宾语
5．I kept studying English for 1 hour yesterday evening. 作宾语
[归纳用法]
1．动词ing形式作主语
(1)往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数。
Swimming is my favourite sport.
游泳是我最喜欢的一项运动。
Collecting stamps is his hobby.
集邮是他的爱好。
[名师点津]
动词ing形式和不定式都可以作主语。动词ing形式作主语表示一般或抽象的多次行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。作宾语时也是如此。
Playing with fire is dangerous.
玩火危险。(泛指)
Be careful！To play with fire will be dangerous.
小心点！玩火会带来危险。(指一具体动作)
(2)在It is no use/no good/useless/worthwhile/dangerous/a waste of time/fun等后需用动词ing形式作真正的主语，句首的it是形式主语。
It's no use waiting for him any longer.
再等他是没有用的。
It's a waste of time arguing about it.
争论此事就是浪费时间。
(3)当句型“There is no...”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动词ing形式作主语。
There is no joking about such matters.
这种事开不得玩笑。
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①Going(go) to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.
②It is no use complaining(complain); the company won't do anything about it.
③It is worth making(make) an appointment before you go.
2．动词ing形式作宾语
(1)作动词的宾语。下面的口诀能帮你记住可接动词ing形式作宾语的常见动词：
避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone)
建议完成多练习(advise，finish，practise)
喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，can't help)
承认否定与嫉妒(admit，deny，envy)
逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse)
忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind)
Would you mind opening the window?
你介意打开窗子吗？
(2)英语中有一些动词短语后也常跟动词ing形式作宾语。常见的这类动词短语有insist on，object to，be good at，lead to，put off，give up，look forward to，feel like，devote to，get used to，pay attention to，be worth，dream of等。
He insisted on doing it in his own way.
他坚持要按照自己的方法做这件事。
I have never dreamed of visiting that place.
我从未梦想过要参观那个地方。
(3)有些动词或动词短语后跟动名词或不定式都可以，但意思不同。
(4)下列动词可接动词ing的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。
need/want/require/deserve doing＝need/want/require/deserve to be done。
The bike needs
这辆自行车需要修一下。
3．动词ing的逻辑主语及复合结构
当要明确指出动词ing所表示的动作由谁发出时，须在动词ing之前加上形容词性的物主代词或名词所有格，这样就构成了动词ing的复合结构。其中物主代词(名词所有格)是逻辑上的主语，动词ing是逻辑上的谓语。动词ing的复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。
Her coming to help encouraged all of us.(＝That she came to help encouraged all of us.)
她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。
Would you ever have imagined him/his becoming a politician？(＝Would you ever have imagined that he would become a politician？)
你怎能料想到他竟成政治家了。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①Prof.Smith considered giving(give) his students a reading list before they started the next chapter.
②When he came back home from his night shift，Jason tried to avoid waking(wake) his family.
③Jane's being(be) careless caused so much trouble.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Can you imagine yourself staying(stay) in a lonely island?
2．I can't understand your laughing(laugh) at that poor child.
3．She didn't mind working(work) overtime.
4．To make a living，he tried writing(write)，but he failed in the end.
5．We are looking forward to Mary's coming(come)．
6．Being exposed(expose) to the sunlight for too much time will do harm to your skin.
7．His coming(come) here will get us out of trouble.
8．Being invited(invite) to the party was a great honor to the family.
9．It is no use crying(cry) over spilt milk.
10．It feels funny speaking(speak) loud to the audience.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
Every time I mention 1.taking (take) an exam at home，my parents can't help 2.exploring (explore) the result, 3.risking(risk) ruining the socalled harmonious atmosphere.
Parents are busy 4.winning(win) bread, devoting their heart and soul to 5.supporting (support) their families. They look forward to their children's 6.growing(grow) up best. Unemployment and disease are their biggest threats and pressures. Who are willing to risk 7.losing (lose) their jobs? Parents and children have much difficulty 8.communicating (communicate) with each other. 9.Understanding(understand) their own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey their affection and emotion.Experts suggest 10.listening (listen) more.
