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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement课时练习
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement课时练习，共15页。
1.It is (明显的) that the temperature f the earth is rising.
2.Prtuguese explrers had (绘制)the west cast f Africa as far as Sierra Lene.
3.China plans t give mre supprt t science prjects led by yung (科学家).
4.The crwdf ut f the statin and 5 minutes later he picked her ut.
5.The f refrming China’s English educatin is t imprve students’ language skills, nt exam-taking ability.
Ⅱ.选词填空
wear and tear;stand up t;make great cntributins t
1.The prize will be awarded t thse wh have the wrld’s peace.
2.The scientists hpe t learn very sn if their device can space envirnments.
3.These are the first machines that can stand the f cntinuusly crushing(压碎)glass.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.Under n (circumstance) shall I mentin the secret t anyne.
2. Ren Zhengfei is the (fund) f Huawei,which fficially launched its perating system HarmnyOS 2 fr smartphnes n Wednesday.
3.The available evidence clearly leads t the (cnclude) that the media d have an influence n the public’s perceptin(认知) f the prduct.
4.On the beautiful ship were ver 2,000 peple, mst f were wmen and children.
5.In 1897, Jseph Jhn Thmsn annunced his discvery f the electrn(电子), which he was awarded the Nbel Prize in Physics in 1906.
6.The lngest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilmeter race walk, is abut five miles lnger than the marathn.
7.In rural areas, ambulances can take a relatively lng time t arrive, the phne bxes have taken n a lifesaving rle.
8.I was in the middle f the Amazn with my wife, was there as a medical researcher.
9.Later, he wrked in Africa, many peple suffered frm blindness fr lack f prper treatment.
10.It was a big deal fr us t g t the lcal library, my kids culd pick ut bks t read r bks they wanted me t read t them.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.他突然意识到他只能依靠自己来解决他的问题。
he culd nly rely n himself t slve his prblem.
2.由于疫情,他坚决要求推迟聚会。
He insisted that the party because f the epidemic.
3.贫困国家最需要的不是钱,而是先进的技术。
What pr cuntries need mst is mney advanced technlgy.
4.我感动于那些帮助河南水灾的受害者的人。我认为出生在中国是莫大的荣幸。
I am mved by the peple wh help the victims f flds in Henan Prvince.I feel that in China.
5.人们认为被清华大学录取的周桐勇敢、坚强且努力,我们应该向他学习。
Zhu Tng,admitted int Tsinghua University, brave,tugh and hardwrking,whm we shuld learn frm.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2020江西赣州十四市县高一期中,)
What’s the meaning f the “dark hrse”?It’s smene wh wins when n ne expects it.
Han Xiapeng tk China’s first gld n snw.He became an Olympic “dark hrse” by btaining the gld medal in men’s freestyle skiing aerials(自由式滑雪空中技巧)at Turin in Italy.He made tw almst perfect jumps fr the highest scre.Han had never wn a wrld gld medal befre,let alne in the Olympics!
“I never thught this wuld happen,” said Han Xiapeng. “I feel like I’m in a dream.” It was China’s secnd gld medal at the Turin Olympic Winter Games. But mre imprtantly, Han’s gld was the cuntry’s first ever in a snw sprt. In 2002, China’s Yang Yang wn the gld fr speed skating at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, US.
That Han’s win was unexpected desn’t mean that he didn’t wrk hard.
Han grew up in Jiangsu Prvince. Befre he started his training n snw, he used t be an acrbat(杂技演员) at a circus. In 1995, a cach fund his talent. The cach, Yang Er’qi, said Han had the agility(灵活性) and curage t be a ski jumper. When Yang first tk the 12-year-ld by t nrthern China, he culdn’t swim, skate r ski. But he wasn’t afraid f the high platfrm and kept n training.
Han almst left the sprt after hurting his knee mnths befre the Salt Lake Games. At the Games he nly gt 24th. “I was hpeless at that time,but my family and my cach std firmly behind me,helping me thrugh,” he recalled.
Han Xiapeng wrked s hard that he wn the gld medal at the Winter Olympics at last. Because f his success, mre and mre peple in China are becming interested in skiing. We are prud f him.
1.What des the “dark hrse” mean?
A.A hrse which is dark.
B.Smene wh is unexpected t win.
C.A hrse which likes the dark.
D.Smene whse win is expected.
2.Where did Han Xiapeng take China’s first gld n snw?
A.In China.B.In Italy.
C.In America.D.In Australia.
3.What made the cach, Yang Er’qi, chse Han Xiapeng t be a ski jumper?
A.He had enugh curage thugh he was nly 13 years ld.
B.He was brn in the suth f China and liked sprts n snw.
C.He had the agility and wasn’t afraid f the high platfrm.
D.He had the talent and he had wn a wrld gld medal befre.
4.What is the best title fr this passage?
A.A Wnderful Match
B.A Dark Hrse at the Winter Olympics
C.A Hpeful Snw Game
D.An Exciting Skiing Race
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2021江苏省丹阳高级中学高一下限时训练,)
Farming and Gardening
Agriculture has a lng histry in China. Much f the wisdm 1 by early Chinese scientists is still useful fr farmers and gardeners tday. One f China’s early agricultural scientists was Jia Sixie,wh lived in the sixth century AD. He spent his time ding 2 int agriculture. He cllected infrmatin,did experiments and learnt frm the 3 f farmers.
Arund 540 AD,he wrte a bk called QiminYashu. The bk is abut bth farming and 4 . It includes advice n the fllwing 5 : grwing green vegetables and fruit trees,and keeping animals.Jia Sixie’s bk is a practical guide fr farming.Firstly,as a farmer yu shuld d things at the right time f the year. If yu sw seeds and 6 yung plants in the fields at the crrect time f the year,yur wrk will be less and 7 will be better. The 8 f the sil is als very imprtant. Examine the sil n yur farm 9 . If the cnditin f yur sil is nt gd,yu shuld imprve it.Befre swing r planting crps,yu must clean rugh grund and 10 weeds.The best harvest is reached when farmers 11 the crps in their fields. Fr example,d nt plant rice 12 in the same field. But if yu plant rice in a field ne year and wheat in the field the next year, yu will 13 gd crps. Other scientists said that wheat shuld be planted with 14 between the plants,but Jia did experiments and 15 that planting wheat clse tgether was better.
B.recvered
C.reprtedD.repeated
B.research
C.experimentD.statistics
B.advantages
C.traditinD.experience
B.gardening
C.prduceD.trade
B.tpics
C.subjectsD.events
B.increase
C.grwD.thrw
B.ending
C.hpesD.results
B.situatin
C.cnditinD.additin
B.carefully
C.gradually D.frequently
B.disturb
C.killD.reduce
B.imprve
C.manageD.change
after antherB.here and there
C.nw and thenD.year after year
B.cllect
C.harvestD.exprt
B.lines
C.space D.balance
B.meant
C.intendedD.decided
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2021辽宁建平高一下月考,)
When the actin mvie WlfWarrirⅡbrke China’s bx-ffice recrds in 2017, a less prminent(突出的) figure unexpectedly left a strng 1 (impress)n the audience—a military(军事的) scientist 2 (call) Dr. Chen wh develped a vaccine(疫苗) fr a deadly virus spreading acrss Africa.
In 2015, a real military scientist Dr. Chen Wei 3 (send) frm China t Africa t fight against the deadly Ebla. The nly difference between the tw figures is 4 the real Dr. Chen is “she”.
When SARS brke ut in China in 2003, Dr. Chen and her team islated the virus and identified the cause f the disease withut delay. 5 (luck), the effrts devted by them had prevented abut 14,000 frnt-line medical wrkers 6 getting infected.
After SARS, the frward-lking wman shifted her attentin t Ebla 7 claimed(夺去) ver 10,000 lives wrldwide. In 2015, she and her team went t Sierra Lene and started their secnd phase f clinical experiments. After cuntless trials and errrs, her vaccine has prven safe and effective, and been widely administered(供给) t staff assigned t help peple in Africa.
Frm SARS and Ebla t COVID-19, Dr. Chen has spent much f her time 8 (fight) against life-threatening viruses. “We have n chice but 9 (win),” she said. And she made 10 .
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案全解全析
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.charted 3.scientists 4.flwed 5.bjective
Ⅱ great cntributins t 2.stand up t 3.wear and tear
Ⅲ. 1.circumstances 考查固定用法。 句意:无论如何我都不会向任何人提及这个秘密。under n circumstances 意为“无论如何不”,为固定用法。
2.funder 考查名词。 句意:任正非是华为的创始人,华为于周三正式发布智能手机操作系统鸿蒙2.0。结合句意可知此处应填名词funder,意为“创始人”。
3.cnclusin 考查名词。 句意:从现有的证据可以清楚地得出结论:公众对该产品的认知确实受到媒体的影响。此处应填名词cnclusin,作leads t的宾语。
4.whm 考查非限制性定语从句。 句意:这艘漂亮的船上有2,000多人,其中大多数是妇女和儿童。先行词指人,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作介词f 的宾语,故填whm。
5.fr 考查“介词+关系代词”的用法。句意:1897年,约瑟夫·约翰·汤姆逊宣布他发现了电子,1906年他因此被授予诺贝尔物理学奖。结合句意可知设空处表示“因为”,说明获奖原因,故应填介词fr。
6.which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:夏季奥运会最长的田径项目是50公里竞走,大约比马拉松长5英里。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词the 50-kilmeter race walk,在从句中作主语,故用which。
7.where 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:在农村地区,救护车要花相对较长的时间才能到达,电话亭就承担了拯救生命的作用。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词rural areas,在从句中作地点状语,故用where。
8.wh 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:我和我的妻子在亚马孙中部,她是那里的一名医学研究员。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词my wife,在从句中作主语,故用wh。
9.where 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:后来,他在非洲工作,那里有许多人因缺乏适当的治疗而失明。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词Africa,在从句中作地点状语,故用where。
10.where 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:对我们来说,去当地的图书馆是一件大事,在那里我的孩子们可以挑选出要读的书,或者他们想让我读给他们听的书。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词the lcal library,在从句中作地点状语,故用where。
Ⅳ struck him that
2.be put ff
3.nt;but
4.it is a great hnur t be brn
5.is thught t be
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了中国首位在冬奥会雪上项目夺冠的运动员韩晓鹏。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句It’s smene wh wins when n ne expects it.可知,“黑马”指的是在不被人寄予希望的情况下获胜的人。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句Han Xiapeng tk China’s first gld n snw. He became an Olympic “dark hrse” by btaining the gld medal in men’s freestyle skiing aerials(自由式滑雪空中技巧) at Turin in Italy.可知,在意大利都灵,他成为奥运会的一匹“黑马”,夺得了中国第一枚雪上(项目的)金牌。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第五段最后三句The cach, Yang Er’qi, said Han had the agility(灵活性) and curage t be a ski jumper. When Yang first tk the 12-year-ld by t nrthern China, he culdn’t swim, skate r ski. But he wasn’t afraid f the high platfrm and kept n training.可知,教练认为韩晓鹏灵活,而且不怕高台,所以挑选了他。注意A选项中的13 years ld属于细节错误;D选项中的he had wn a wrld gld medal befre属于无中生有。
4.B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了中国首位在冬奥会雪上项目夺冠的运动员韩晓鹏。在意大利都灵,他成为奥运会的一匹“黑马”,夺得男子自由式滑雪空中技巧的冠军。B项A Dark Hrse at the Winter Olympics既能概括全文内容,又能吸引读者,最适合作为标题。
【高频词汇】 1.let alne更不用说 2.unexpected adj.出乎意料的;始料不及的 3.hpeless adj.无望的;没有好转希望的
4.firmly adv.坚定地;坚固地 5.recall v.回忆起;回想起
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了我国古代科学家贾思勰对农业的研究和贡献,他的著作《齐民要术》对农业生产起到了重要的指导作用。
1.A 考查动词。discver发现;recver恢复;reprt报道;repeat重复。根据语境可知,此处指发现的智慧。故选A。
2.B 考查名词。d research int agriculture意为“做农业研究”。后文提到的“He cllected infrmatin,did experiments and learnt frm the 3 f farmers.”都是研究的内容。search搜索;research研究;experiment实验;statistics统计数字。故选B。
3.D 考查名词。learn frm the experience f farmers意为“从农民们的(耕作)经验中吸取教训”。adventure冒险;advantage优势;traditin传统;experience经验。故选D。
4.B 考查名词。由本文的标题和第5空冒号后面的内容可知,此处指这本书既有关农业,也有关园艺。nursing护理;gardening园艺;prduce农产品;trade贸易。故选B。
5.C 考查名词。该空下文介绍了这本书涉及的一些具体的主题,如:种绿色的蔬菜、种果树、养动物。prgram项目;tpic话题;subject主题;event事件。故选C。
6.C 考查动词。由空前的sw seeds可知此处指种植幼苗。drp掉落;increase增加;grw种植;thrw扔掉。故选C。
7.D 考查名词。此处指的是前面的条件造成的结果。dream梦想;ending结尾,结局;hpe希望;result结果。故选D。
8.C 考查名词。the cnditin f the sil意为“土壤的状况”。而situatin表示“形势”,与sil不搭配,其他选项applicatin“应用”、additin“添加物”与语境不符。下文“the cnditin f yur sil”也是提示。故选C。
9.B 考查副词。前句指出土壤状况也很重要,本句则说要仔细地检查土壤。successfully成功地;carefully仔细地;gradually逐渐地;frequently频繁地。故选B。
10.A 考查动词。根据常识可知,种庄稼之前需要平整土地和除草。remve weeds意为“清除杂草”。remve 去除;disturb打扰;kill杀死;reduce减少。故选A。
11.D 考查动词。根据下句中的“d nt plant rice 12 in the same field”可知庄稼要轮换着种。keep保留;imprve提升;manage经营;change改换,转换。故选D。
12.D 考查固定短语。由下文“But if yu plant rice in a field ne year and wheat in the field the next year, yu will 13 gd crps.”可知,此处指不要在同一块地里年复一年地种同一种庄稼。ne after anther一个接一个地;here and there到处;nw and then时不时地;year after year年复一年地。故选D。
13.C 考查动词。harvest gd crps意为“收割好庄稼”,符合语境。benefit使受益;cllect收集;harvest收割;exprt出口。故选C。
14.C 考查名词。由下文“planting wheat clse tgether was better”可知此处指的是相反的观点,即株与株之间要留有空间。hle洞;line线;space空间;balance平衡。故选C。
15.A 考查动词。由上文“but Jia did experiments”可知,此处指他通过实验证实。prve 证实,证明;mean意味着;intend打算,计划;decide决定。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.wisdm n.智慧 2.agricultural adj.农业的 agriculture n.农业 3.practical adj.实际的 4.sw v.播种
5.rugh adj.粗糙的;高低不平的
长难句分析
原句 Other scientists said that wheat shuld be planted with space between the plants,but Jia did experiments and prved that planting wheat clse tgether was better.
分析 该句为并列复合句,but连接前后两个分句。第一个分句中的that引导宾语从句,作said的宾语;第二个分句中的that也引导宾语从句,作prved的宾语。
句意 其他科学家说,种植小麦时株与株之间应该有一定的空间,但贾思勰做了实验并证实小麦紧密种植会更好。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了中国杰出的军事女科学家陈薇博士。
1. impressin 考查名词。句意:当动作片《战狼Ⅱ》在2017年打破了中国的票房纪录之时,一个不那么突出的人物出人意料地给观众留下了深刻印象——一位叫作陈博士的军事科学家,他为蔓延非洲的一种致命的病毒研制出了一种疫苗。不定冠词a后应用名词形式,leave a strng impressin n sb.“给某人留下很深的印象”。故填impressin。
2. called 考查过去分词。句意见上题。a military scientist和call之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
3. was sent 考查时态和语态。句意:2015年,一位真正的军事科学家陈薇博士被从中国派往非洲抗击致命的埃博拉病毒。根据时间状语In 2015可知此处应用一般过去时;Dr. Chen Wei 和send之间是被动关系,应该用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was sent。
4. that 考查表语从句的引导词。句意:这两个人物唯一的区别是:真正的陈博士是“她”。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导表语从句,从句句意完整且不缺成分,应该用that引导。故填that。
5. Luckily 考查副词。句意:幸运的是,他们付出的努力阻止了大约14,000名一线医务人员被感染。设空处修饰整个句子,应该用副词形式,由句意可知此处表示“幸运的是”,故填Luckily。
6. frm 考查介词。句意见上题。 ding...意为“阻止……做……”。故填frm。
7. which/that 考查定语从句的关系词。句意:在非典之后,这位具有前瞻性的女性将她的注意力转向夺去了全世界10,000多条生命的埃博拉病毒。分析句子结构可知, claimed ver 10,000 lives wrldwide是定语从句,先行词是Ebla,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应该用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
8. fighting 考查动名词。句意:从非典、埃博拉到新冠肺炎,陈博士花了很多的时间与危及生命的病毒抗争。spend time ding...意为“花费时间做……”。故填fighting。
9. t win 考查动词不定式。句意:她说:“除了赢之外我们别无选择。”have n chice but t d...意为“除了做……之外别无选择”,故填t win。
10. it 考查固定短语。句意:她做到了。 make it意为“获得成功”,符合语境。故填it。
【高频词汇】 1.figure n.人物 2.leave an impressin n...给……留下印象 3.break ut爆发 4.infect v.感染 5.effective adj.有效的 6.assign v.分派 7.make it获得成功;渡过难关
长难句分析
原句 When the actin mvie Wlf Warrir Ⅱbrke China’s bx-ffice recrds in 2017, a less prminent figure unexpectedly left a strng impressin n the audience—a military scientist called Dr. Chen wh develped a vaccine fr a deadly virus spreading acrss Africa.
分析 该句为主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句;wh引导定语从句,修饰先行词Dr. Chen。
句意 当动作片《战狼Ⅱ》在2017年打破了中国的票房纪录之时,一个不那么突出的人物出人意料地给观众留下了深刻印象——一位叫作陈博士的军事科学家,他为蔓延非洲的一种致命的病毒研制出了一种疫苗。
1.It is (明显的) that the temperature f the earth is rising.
2.Prtuguese explrers had (绘制)the west cast f Africa as far as Sierra Lene.
3.China plans t give mre supprt t science prjects led by yung (科学家).
4.The crwdf ut f the statin and 5 minutes later he picked her ut.
5.The f refrming China’s English educatin is t imprve students’ language skills, nt exam-taking ability.
Ⅱ.选词填空
wear and tear;stand up t;make great cntributins t
1.The prize will be awarded t thse wh have the wrld’s peace.
2.The scientists hpe t learn very sn if their device can space envirnments.
3.These are the first machines that can stand the f cntinuusly crushing(压碎)glass.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.Under n (circumstance) shall I mentin the secret t anyne.
2. Ren Zhengfei is the (fund) f Huawei,which fficially launched its perating system HarmnyOS 2 fr smartphnes n Wednesday.
3.The available evidence clearly leads t the (cnclude) that the media d have an influence n the public’s perceptin(认知) f the prduct.
4.On the beautiful ship were ver 2,000 peple, mst f were wmen and children.
5.In 1897, Jseph Jhn Thmsn annunced his discvery f the electrn(电子), which he was awarded the Nbel Prize in Physics in 1906.
6.The lngest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilmeter race walk, is abut five miles lnger than the marathn.
7.In rural areas, ambulances can take a relatively lng time t arrive, the phne bxes have taken n a lifesaving rle.
8.I was in the middle f the Amazn with my wife, was there as a medical researcher.
9.Later, he wrked in Africa, many peple suffered frm blindness fr lack f prper treatment.
10.It was a big deal fr us t g t the lcal library, my kids culd pick ut bks t read r bks they wanted me t read t them.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.他突然意识到他只能依靠自己来解决他的问题。
he culd nly rely n himself t slve his prblem.
2.由于疫情,他坚决要求推迟聚会。
He insisted that the party because f the epidemic.
3.贫困国家最需要的不是钱,而是先进的技术。
What pr cuntries need mst is mney advanced technlgy.
4.我感动于那些帮助河南水灾的受害者的人。我认为出生在中国是莫大的荣幸。
I am mved by the peple wh help the victims f flds in Henan Prvince.I feel that in China.
5.人们认为被清华大学录取的周桐勇敢、坚强且努力,我们应该向他学习。
Zhu Tng,admitted int Tsinghua University, brave,tugh and hardwrking,whm we shuld learn frm.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2020江西赣州十四市县高一期中,)
What’s the meaning f the “dark hrse”?It’s smene wh wins when n ne expects it.
Han Xiapeng tk China’s first gld n snw.He became an Olympic “dark hrse” by btaining the gld medal in men’s freestyle skiing aerials(自由式滑雪空中技巧)at Turin in Italy.He made tw almst perfect jumps fr the highest scre.Han had never wn a wrld gld medal befre,let alne in the Olympics!
“I never thught this wuld happen,” said Han Xiapeng. “I feel like I’m in a dream.” It was China’s secnd gld medal at the Turin Olympic Winter Games. But mre imprtantly, Han’s gld was the cuntry’s first ever in a snw sprt. In 2002, China’s Yang Yang wn the gld fr speed skating at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, US.
That Han’s win was unexpected desn’t mean that he didn’t wrk hard.
Han grew up in Jiangsu Prvince. Befre he started his training n snw, he used t be an acrbat(杂技演员) at a circus. In 1995, a cach fund his talent. The cach, Yang Er’qi, said Han had the agility(灵活性) and curage t be a ski jumper. When Yang first tk the 12-year-ld by t nrthern China, he culdn’t swim, skate r ski. But he wasn’t afraid f the high platfrm and kept n training.
Han almst left the sprt after hurting his knee mnths befre the Salt Lake Games. At the Games he nly gt 24th. “I was hpeless at that time,but my family and my cach std firmly behind me,helping me thrugh,” he recalled.
Han Xiapeng wrked s hard that he wn the gld medal at the Winter Olympics at last. Because f his success, mre and mre peple in China are becming interested in skiing. We are prud f him.
1.What des the “dark hrse” mean?
A.A hrse which is dark.
B.Smene wh is unexpected t win.
C.A hrse which likes the dark.
D.Smene whse win is expected.
2.Where did Han Xiapeng take China’s first gld n snw?
A.In China.B.In Italy.
C.In America.D.In Australia.
3.What made the cach, Yang Er’qi, chse Han Xiapeng t be a ski jumper?
A.He had enugh curage thugh he was nly 13 years ld.
B.He was brn in the suth f China and liked sprts n snw.
C.He had the agility and wasn’t afraid f the high platfrm.
D.He had the talent and he had wn a wrld gld medal befre.
4.What is the best title fr this passage?
A.A Wnderful Match
B.A Dark Hrse at the Winter Olympics
C.A Hpeful Snw Game
D.An Exciting Skiing Race
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2021江苏省丹阳高级中学高一下限时训练,)
Farming and Gardening
Agriculture has a lng histry in China. Much f the wisdm 1 by early Chinese scientists is still useful fr farmers and gardeners tday. One f China’s early agricultural scientists was Jia Sixie,wh lived in the sixth century AD. He spent his time ding 2 int agriculture. He cllected infrmatin,did experiments and learnt frm the 3 f farmers.
Arund 540 AD,he wrte a bk called QiminYashu. The bk is abut bth farming and 4 . It includes advice n the fllwing 5 : grwing green vegetables and fruit trees,and keeping animals.Jia Sixie’s bk is a practical guide fr farming.Firstly,as a farmer yu shuld d things at the right time f the year. If yu sw seeds and 6 yung plants in the fields at the crrect time f the year,yur wrk will be less and 7 will be better. The 8 f the sil is als very imprtant. Examine the sil n yur farm 9 . If the cnditin f yur sil is nt gd,yu shuld imprve it.Befre swing r planting crps,yu must clean rugh grund and 10 weeds.The best harvest is reached when farmers 11 the crps in their fields. Fr example,d nt plant rice 12 in the same field. But if yu plant rice in a field ne year and wheat in the field the next year, yu will 13 gd crps. Other scientists said that wheat shuld be planted with 14 between the plants,but Jia did experiments and 15 that planting wheat clse tgether was better.
B.recvered
C.reprtedD.repeated
B.research
C.experimentD.statistics
B.advantages
C.traditinD.experience
B.gardening
C.prduceD.trade
B.tpics
C.subjectsD.events
B.increase
C.grwD.thrw
B.ending
C.hpesD.results
B.situatin
C.cnditinD.additin
B.carefully
C.gradually D.frequently
B.disturb
C.killD.reduce
B.imprve
C.manageD.change
after antherB.here and there
C.nw and thenD.year after year
B.cllect
C.harvestD.exprt
B.lines
C.space D.balance
B.meant
C.intendedD.decided
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2021辽宁建平高一下月考,)
When the actin mvie WlfWarrirⅡbrke China’s bx-ffice recrds in 2017, a less prminent(突出的) figure unexpectedly left a strng 1 (impress)n the audience—a military(军事的) scientist 2 (call) Dr. Chen wh develped a vaccine(疫苗) fr a deadly virus spreading acrss Africa.
In 2015, a real military scientist Dr. Chen Wei 3 (send) frm China t Africa t fight against the deadly Ebla. The nly difference between the tw figures is 4 the real Dr. Chen is “she”.
When SARS brke ut in China in 2003, Dr. Chen and her team islated the virus and identified the cause f the disease withut delay. 5 (luck), the effrts devted by them had prevented abut 14,000 frnt-line medical wrkers 6 getting infected.
After SARS, the frward-lking wman shifted her attentin t Ebla 7 claimed(夺去) ver 10,000 lives wrldwide. In 2015, she and her team went t Sierra Lene and started their secnd phase f clinical experiments. After cuntless trials and errrs, her vaccine has prven safe and effective, and been widely administered(供给) t staff assigned t help peple in Africa.
Frm SARS and Ebla t COVID-19, Dr. Chen has spent much f her time 8 (fight) against life-threatening viruses. “We have n chice but 9 (win),” she said. And she made 10 .
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案全解全析
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.charted 3.scientists 4.flwed 5.bjective
Ⅱ great cntributins t 2.stand up t 3.wear and tear
Ⅲ. 1.circumstances 考查固定用法。 句意:无论如何我都不会向任何人提及这个秘密。under n circumstances 意为“无论如何不”,为固定用法。
2.funder 考查名词。 句意:任正非是华为的创始人,华为于周三正式发布智能手机操作系统鸿蒙2.0。结合句意可知此处应填名词funder,意为“创始人”。
3.cnclusin 考查名词。 句意:从现有的证据可以清楚地得出结论:公众对该产品的认知确实受到媒体的影响。此处应填名词cnclusin,作leads t的宾语。
4.whm 考查非限制性定语从句。 句意:这艘漂亮的船上有2,000多人,其中大多数是妇女和儿童。先行词指人,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作介词f 的宾语,故填whm。
5.fr 考查“介词+关系代词”的用法。句意:1897年,约瑟夫·约翰·汤姆逊宣布他发现了电子,1906年他因此被授予诺贝尔物理学奖。结合句意可知设空处表示“因为”,说明获奖原因,故应填介词fr。
6.which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:夏季奥运会最长的田径项目是50公里竞走,大约比马拉松长5英里。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词the 50-kilmeter race walk,在从句中作主语,故用which。
7.where 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:在农村地区,救护车要花相对较长的时间才能到达,电话亭就承担了拯救生命的作用。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词rural areas,在从句中作地点状语,故用where。
8.wh 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:我和我的妻子在亚马孙中部,她是那里的一名医学研究员。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词my wife,在从句中作主语,故用wh。
9.where 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:后来,他在非洲工作,那里有许多人因缺乏适当的治疗而失明。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词Africa,在从句中作地点状语,故用where。
10.where 考查非限制性定语从句。句意:对我们来说,去当地的图书馆是一件大事,在那里我的孩子们可以挑选出要读的书,或者他们想让我读给他们听的书。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词the lcal library,在从句中作地点状语,故用where。
Ⅳ struck him that
2.be put ff
3.nt;but
4.it is a great hnur t be brn
5.is thught t be
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了中国首位在冬奥会雪上项目夺冠的运动员韩晓鹏。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句It’s smene wh wins when n ne expects it.可知,“黑马”指的是在不被人寄予希望的情况下获胜的人。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句Han Xiapeng tk China’s first gld n snw. He became an Olympic “dark hrse” by btaining the gld medal in men’s freestyle skiing aerials(自由式滑雪空中技巧) at Turin in Italy.可知,在意大利都灵,他成为奥运会的一匹“黑马”,夺得了中国第一枚雪上(项目的)金牌。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第五段最后三句The cach, Yang Er’qi, said Han had the agility(灵活性) and curage t be a ski jumper. When Yang first tk the 12-year-ld by t nrthern China, he culdn’t swim, skate r ski. But he wasn’t afraid f the high platfrm and kept n training.可知,教练认为韩晓鹏灵活,而且不怕高台,所以挑选了他。注意A选项中的13 years ld属于细节错误;D选项中的he had wn a wrld gld medal befre属于无中生有。
4.B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了中国首位在冬奥会雪上项目夺冠的运动员韩晓鹏。在意大利都灵,他成为奥运会的一匹“黑马”,夺得男子自由式滑雪空中技巧的冠军。B项A Dark Hrse at the Winter Olympics既能概括全文内容,又能吸引读者,最适合作为标题。
【高频词汇】 1.let alne更不用说 2.unexpected adj.出乎意料的;始料不及的 3.hpeless adj.无望的;没有好转希望的
4.firmly adv.坚定地;坚固地 5.recall v.回忆起;回想起
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了我国古代科学家贾思勰对农业的研究和贡献,他的著作《齐民要术》对农业生产起到了重要的指导作用。
1.A 考查动词。discver发现;recver恢复;reprt报道;repeat重复。根据语境可知,此处指发现的智慧。故选A。
2.B 考查名词。d research int agriculture意为“做农业研究”。后文提到的“He cllected infrmatin,did experiments and learnt frm the 3 f farmers.”都是研究的内容。search搜索;research研究;experiment实验;statistics统计数字。故选B。
3.D 考查名词。learn frm the experience f farmers意为“从农民们的(耕作)经验中吸取教训”。adventure冒险;advantage优势;traditin传统;experience经验。故选D。
4.B 考查名词。由本文的标题和第5空冒号后面的内容可知,此处指这本书既有关农业,也有关园艺。nursing护理;gardening园艺;prduce农产品;trade贸易。故选B。
5.C 考查名词。该空下文介绍了这本书涉及的一些具体的主题,如:种绿色的蔬菜、种果树、养动物。prgram项目;tpic话题;subject主题;event事件。故选C。
6.C 考查动词。由空前的sw seeds可知此处指种植幼苗。drp掉落;increase增加;grw种植;thrw扔掉。故选C。
7.D 考查名词。此处指的是前面的条件造成的结果。dream梦想;ending结尾,结局;hpe希望;result结果。故选D。
8.C 考查名词。the cnditin f the sil意为“土壤的状况”。而situatin表示“形势”,与sil不搭配,其他选项applicatin“应用”、additin“添加物”与语境不符。下文“the cnditin f yur sil”也是提示。故选C。
9.B 考查副词。前句指出土壤状况也很重要,本句则说要仔细地检查土壤。successfully成功地;carefully仔细地;gradually逐渐地;frequently频繁地。故选B。
10.A 考查动词。根据常识可知,种庄稼之前需要平整土地和除草。remve weeds意为“清除杂草”。remve 去除;disturb打扰;kill杀死;reduce减少。故选A。
11.D 考查动词。根据下句中的“d nt plant rice 12 in the same field”可知庄稼要轮换着种。keep保留;imprve提升;manage经营;change改换,转换。故选D。
12.D 考查固定短语。由下文“But if yu plant rice in a field ne year and wheat in the field the next year, yu will 13 gd crps.”可知,此处指不要在同一块地里年复一年地种同一种庄稼。ne after anther一个接一个地;here and there到处;nw and then时不时地;year after year年复一年地。故选D。
13.C 考查动词。harvest gd crps意为“收割好庄稼”,符合语境。benefit使受益;cllect收集;harvest收割;exprt出口。故选C。
14.C 考查名词。由下文“planting wheat clse tgether was better”可知此处指的是相反的观点,即株与株之间要留有空间。hle洞;line线;space空间;balance平衡。故选C。
15.A 考查动词。由上文“but Jia did experiments”可知,此处指他通过实验证实。prve 证实,证明;mean意味着;intend打算,计划;decide决定。故选A。
【高频词汇】 1.wisdm n.智慧 2.agricultural adj.农业的 agriculture n.农业 3.practical adj.实际的 4.sw v.播种
5.rugh adj.粗糙的;高低不平的
长难句分析
原句 Other scientists said that wheat shuld be planted with space between the plants,but Jia did experiments and prved that planting wheat clse tgether was better.
分析 该句为并列复合句,but连接前后两个分句。第一个分句中的that引导宾语从句,作said的宾语;第二个分句中的that也引导宾语从句,作prved的宾语。
句意 其他科学家说,种植小麦时株与株之间应该有一定的空间,但贾思勰做了实验并证实小麦紧密种植会更好。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,介绍了中国杰出的军事女科学家陈薇博士。
1. impressin 考查名词。句意:当动作片《战狼Ⅱ》在2017年打破了中国的票房纪录之时,一个不那么突出的人物出人意料地给观众留下了深刻印象——一位叫作陈博士的军事科学家,他为蔓延非洲的一种致命的病毒研制出了一种疫苗。不定冠词a后应用名词形式,leave a strng impressin n sb.“给某人留下很深的印象”。故填impressin。
2. called 考查过去分词。句意见上题。a military scientist和call之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
3. was sent 考查时态和语态。句意:2015年,一位真正的军事科学家陈薇博士被从中国派往非洲抗击致命的埃博拉病毒。根据时间状语In 2015可知此处应用一般过去时;Dr. Chen Wei 和send之间是被动关系,应该用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was sent。
4. that 考查表语从句的引导词。句意:这两个人物唯一的区别是:真正的陈博士是“她”。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导表语从句,从句句意完整且不缺成分,应该用that引导。故填that。
5. Luckily 考查副词。句意:幸运的是,他们付出的努力阻止了大约14,000名一线医务人员被感染。设空处修饰整个句子,应该用副词形式,由句意可知此处表示“幸运的是”,故填Luckily。
6. frm 考查介词。句意见上题。 ding...意为“阻止……做……”。故填frm。
7. which/that 考查定语从句的关系词。句意:在非典之后,这位具有前瞻性的女性将她的注意力转向夺去了全世界10,000多条生命的埃博拉病毒。分析句子结构可知, claimed ver 10,000 lives wrldwide是定语从句,先行词是Ebla,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应该用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
8. fighting 考查动名词。句意:从非典、埃博拉到新冠肺炎,陈博士花了很多的时间与危及生命的病毒抗争。spend time ding...意为“花费时间做……”。故填fighting。
9. t win 考查动词不定式。句意:她说:“除了赢之外我们别无选择。”have n chice but t d...意为“除了做……之外别无选择”,故填t win。
10. it 考查固定短语。句意:她做到了。 make it意为“获得成功”,符合语境。故填it。
【高频词汇】 1.figure n.人物 2.leave an impressin n...给……留下印象 3.break ut爆发 4.infect v.感染 5.effective adj.有效的 6.assign v.分派 7.make it获得成功;渡过难关
长难句分析
原句 When the actin mvie Wlf Warrir Ⅱbrke China’s bx-ffice recrds in 2017, a less prminent figure unexpectedly left a strng impressin n the audience—a military scientist called Dr. Chen wh develped a vaccine fr a deadly virus spreading acrss Africa.
分析 该句为主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句;wh引导定语从句,修饰先行词Dr. Chen。
句意 当动作片《战狼Ⅱ》在2017年打破了中国的票房纪录之时,一个不那么突出的人物出人意料地给观众留下了深刻印象——一位叫作陈博士的军事科学家,他为蔓延非洲的一种致命的病毒研制出了一种疫苗。
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