初中英语解题技巧及练习题--句型转换

这是一份初中英语解题技巧及练习题--句型转换，共11页。学案主要包含了参考答案等内容，欢迎下载使用。
句型转换综合考查学生对课本中知识点的理解、记忆和灵活运用的能力，它能较好地反映出同学们对英语基本句型的熟悉和运用程度。其考查的主要形式有：
1. 对划线部分提问；
2. 同义句转换；
3. 连词成句。
1.对划线部分提问
这种题就是要求把这句话变成疑问句。
首先根据划线部分确定疑问词，然后变成疑问句，应注意时态、助动词的变化。
疑问词种类有：
① 疑问代词：wh，whm，what，whse，which。
② 疑问副词：when, where, hw, why。
③ 短语：hw many, hw much, hw lng, hw far, hw sn, hw ften, hw many times,
hw ld, what clr等。
疑问代词在句子中作主语或主语的定语时，其句子结构与陈述句相同，不加助动词；
疑问代词在句子中作其他成分时，都必须放在句首。
同义句转换
考点一：运用意义相同或相近的词(词组)进行转换。
具体运用时，应注意替换词在句中的位置、形式、替换后句中其他部分的相应变化，尤其是时态，替换后的句子要与原句的时态保持一致。
一些需要掌握的同义词(词组)和近义词(词组)。
1. a lt f=lts f =plenty f
2. a large number f=a great many f
3. a little+ adj. =a bit+ adj.
4. all ver the wrld=acrss / arund / in the wrld
5. almst=nearly
6. alne=n ne’s wn=by neself
7. als=t
8. arrive in / at=get t=reach
9. as sn as pssible=as quick(ly) as pssible
10. at first=in the beginning
11. at last=in the end=finally
12. at nce=right nw
13. be able t=can
14. be angry with=be mad at
15. be back=cme back
16. be busy ding sth.=be busy with sth.
17. be frm=cme frm
18. be full f=be filled with
19. be ver=finish=end
20. be pleased=be glad / happy
21. be quick=be in a hurry
22. be used fr ding=be used t d
23. be weak in=be nt gd at=be bad at
24. begin=start
25. by air=by plane
26. by nw=s far=up t nw
27. care fr=lk after=take care f
28. care fr=like
29. catch a cld=have a cld
30. certainly=f curse=sure
31. crss=g acrss
32. cnsider ding=think abut ding
33. die ut=disappear
34. d well in=be gd at
35. enjy ding sth.=like ding sth.
36. even thugh=even if
37. feel like ding=wuld like t d=want t d
38. fr example=such as
39. friendly=kind
40. get alng with=get n with
41. get int=enter
42. give back=return
43. give sb. a hand=help sb.
44. give ut=hand ut
45. g t sleep=get t sleep=fall asleep
46. happen=take place
47. have a gd time=enjy neself
48. have a lk at=lk at=take a lk at
49. have a seat=take a seat
50. have n idea=dn’t knw
51. have t=must
52. hear frm=receive a letter frm=have a letter frm =get a letter frm
53. help sb. with sth.=help sb. (t) d sth.
54. hld n=wait a mment
55. instead f=take the place f
56. in rder that=s that
57. in rder t=s as t
58. jin=becme / be a member f
59. jin in=take part in
60. mre than=ver
61. n lnger=nt ... any lnger=n mre=nt ... any mre
62. ne mre ne ...
63. ver and ver again=again and again
64. prefer ... t=like ... better than
65. put n weight=get fat
66. return=cme back / give back
67. ring sb. up=call sb.=phne sb.=give sb. a call / ring
68. see a film=g t the mvies
69. send fr=ask sb. t cme
70. shw up=appear
71. shut=clse
72. smart=clever
73. s lng as=as lng as
74. stay away frm=keep away frm
75. take after=be similar t=lk like
76. take exercise=d sprts
77. take pride in=be prud f
78. teach neself =learn all by neself
79. try ne’s best=d ne’s best
80. use up sth. =run ut f sth. =sth. runs ut
81. walk t t ... n ft
82. whatever=n matter what
83. wrry abut=be wrried abut
84. whatever= n matter what
考点二：运用反义词(词组)进行转换。
下面是同义句转换题中常用的一些反义词(词组)：
1. abve → belw 2. agree → disagree
3. all → nne 4. always → never
5. asleep → awake 6. bad → gd
7. badly → well 8. beautiful → ugly
9. befre → after 10. begin → finish / end
11. best → wrst 12. big → small
13. bring → interesting 14. brrw → lend
15. bth → neither 16. busy → free
17. buy → sell 18. cheap → expensive / dear
19. clean → dirty 20. clever → flish / silly
21. cld → ht 22. cntinue / keep n → stp
23. cl → warm 24. dead → alive
25. different → the same 26. dwn → up
27. early → late 28. easy → difficult / hard
29. far → near 30. fast → slw
31. frget → remember 32. full → hungry / empty
33. happy → unhappy / sad / upset 34. hard → sft
35. high → lw 36. in → ut
37. in frnt f → behind 38. laugh → cry
39. left → right 40. light → heavy
41. like → dislike / hate 42. new → ld
43. ld → yung 44. pen → clse / clsed
45. ver → under 46. pass → fail
47. pull → push 48. put n → take ff
49. shrt → lng / tall 50. strng → weak
考点三：利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换。
1. Hw d / des ... like sth.?=What d / des ... think f sth.?
2. Hw much is / are 's the price f
3. It is better fr yu t d sth.=Yu had / Yu’d better d sth.
4. It’s time t d sth.= It's time fr sth.
5. ... als / t +系动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词+主语
6. nt d sth. ... until= d sth. after ...
7. T ne’s surprise / In ne’s excitement, = It’s surprising / exciting fr sb. t d sth.
8. Why nt d = What / Hw abut ding we d
9. It takes sb.+时间+t d sth.=sb. spend+时间+(in) ding sth.
10. Hw many peple are there in ’s the ppulatin f
11. 形式主语 / 宾语it和不定式作主语 / 宾语之间的转换。
12. 含情态动词的句子与祈使句之间的转换。
考点四：复合句与简单句或并列句之间的转换
1. 将从句简化为动词不定式或介词短语的形式，如because与because f，s that与in rder t之间的转换。
2. 将宾语从句简化为“疑问词 + 动词不定式”或“动词不定式”结构。
3. 将s ... that或such ... that引导的状语从句简化为t ... t或 ... enugh t结构。
4. “祈使句+and / r +分句”结构与if 引导的条件状语从句之间的转换。
5. 将think / find等引导的宾语从句转化为it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正宾语的简单句。
6. 主语从句与动词不定式作真正主语结构之间的转换。
考点五：把两个句子合并成一个简单句或复合句。
1. 把两个句子合并成一个简单句，通常是将句中成分相同的部分合并起来，这时要用到一些连词，如nt nly ... but als, either ... r, neither ... nr, bth ... and等或代词如bth, neither, nne, all等。
2. 把两个句子合并成一个复合句，通常需要利用关系词、连接词等将两个句子连接起来，构成定语从句或宾语从句等。
考点六：主动语态与被动语态进行转换。
考点七：形容词、副词比较级和最高级之间的转换。
考点八：句子种类之间的相互转换。陈述句与感叹句以及两种感叹句之间的转换。
3.连词成句
连词成句是属于半开放式的表达方式，词汇范围有限定，但组合形式不见得只有一种。
解题技巧记住以下四点：
1. 基本句型记心间；
2. 公式在手若等闲，英语句子基本次序：
When + wh / what / which + actin + wh / what / which + hw + where + when;
3. 不怕词形多变化；
4. 遗漏标点太遗憾。
2020中考真题
句型转换
(2020甘肃白银)
句型转换。按括号内的要求转换下列句型。（每空限填一词）
1. The magazine cst me 8 yuan.（对面线部分提问）
Hw the magazine cst yu?
2. The Brws were watching TV when they gt the phne call last night.（改为一般疑问句）
the Brwns TV when they gt the phne call last night?
3. Tm wrks really hard.（改为感叹句）
Tm wrks!
4.Whatever yu d, dn’t lse heart.（改为同义句）
N yu d,dn’t lse heart.
5. I’ve finished reading a bk. The bk was written by O. Henry.（合并为一句）
I’ve finished reading a bk written by O. Henry.
【参考答案】
1. much did 2.Were; watching 3. Hw hard 4.matter what
5. that(which) was
(2020上海)
Cmplete the fllwing sentences as required (根据所给要求完成句子。62-67小题
每空格限填一词)
62. The middle schl by can tell traditinal Chinese stries in English. (改为一般疑问句)
_________the middle schl by_________ traditinal Chinese stries in English?
63. Lee has helped the lcal peple sell their prducts since he returned t his hmetwn. (对划线部分提问).
_________ _________has Lee helped the lcal peple sell their prducts?
64. The vlunteer wrked hard t get mre kids back t schl. (改为感叹句)
_________ _________the vlunteer wrked t get mre kids back t schl!
65. The 13-year-ld ne-armed basketball player attracted a lt f fans. (改为被动语态)
A lt f fans_________ _________by the 13-year-ld ne-armed basketball player.
66. Julia decided t be a dctr after watching the news prgramme. (保持句意基本不变)
Julia_________ _________her mind t be a dctr after watching the news prgramme.
67. “Will the exhibitin be held in Shanghai?" Olivia asked her secretary. (改为间接引语)
Olivia asked her secretary_________ the exhibitin_________ be held in Shanghai.
68. belngs t, hardwrking, in the end, students, success (连词成句)
_____________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
62. .Can, tell 63. Hw lng 64. Hw hard 65. were attracted 66. made up
67. .if/whether, wuld
68. Success belngs t hardwrking students in the end. / In the end, success belngs t hardwrking students.
(2020黑龙江绥化)
五、句型转换，按要求变化下列各句。
68. He has sme gd ideas.（改为否定句）
He ______ have ________ gd ideas.
69. Peple will have rbts at hme in 20 years. （对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ will peple have rbts at hme？
70. China is the greatest cuntry in the wrld.（改为同义句）
China is greater than _______ _______ cuntry in the wrld
71. Didn’t he see yu just nw？（根据句意做出肯定或否定回答）
_______, he _______. He said hell t me.
【参考答案】
68.desn't, any 69. Hw, sn 70. any ther 71. Yes, did
(2020重庆中考B卷)
根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。
69. She ften reads with her daughter in the evening. （改为否定句）
She _____ ften _____ with her daughter in the evening.
70. Uncle Zhu is making a vegetable salad fr dinner nw. （对划线部分提问）
_____ _____ Uncle Zhu making fr dinner nw?
71. Why dn’t yu clean up yur rm at nce?（改为同义句）
_____ _____ clean up yur rm at nce?
72. 等待雨停后，纵享阳光暖。(完成译句)
________ _________ the rain t stp and we’ll enjy the warm sunshine.
73. 他们如此努力地投入到抗击新冠肺炎的工作中，以致忘记了自我。 (完成译句)
They wrked _______ hard against COVID-19 __________ they frgt abut themselves.
【参考答案】
69. desn’t ; read 70. What is 71. Why nt 72. Wait fr 73. s; that
(2020四川达州)
句型转换
按要求完成下面各句(每空一词)。
86. Shanghai is the biggest city in China. (改为同义句)
Shanghai is ________ ________ any ther city in China.
87. David can hardly speak Chinese. (改为反意疑问句)
David can hardly speak Chinese, ________ ________?
88. Chinese dctrs saved many patients all ver the wrld. (改为被动语态)
Many patients all ver the wrld ________ ________ by Chinese dctrs.
89. His mther will cme back in five days. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ will his mther cme back?
90. That is his ld huse. He lived there fr twenty years. (合并为一句)
That is his ld huse ________ ________ he lived fr twenty hurs.
【参考答案】
86. bigger than 87. can he 88. were saved 89. Hw sn 90. in which
(2020贵州黔南)
句型转换。
71. Twenty freign students visited ur schl yesterday.(改为一般疑同句)
_____ twenty freign students _____ ur schl yesterday？
72.Yu shuldn’t walk acrss the rad when the light is red. (改为祈使句)
_____ _____ acrss the rad when the light it red!
73. What beautiful flwers they are! (改为感叹句)
_____ _____ the flwers are!
74. I lent the bike t Sam a few days ag. (改为同义句)
Sam _____ the bike _____ me a few days ag.
75. He said, “I am living with a British family nw.” (改为间接引语)
He said that _____ was living with a British family _____.
【参考答案】
71. Did；visit 72. Dn’t walk 73. Hw beautiful 74. brrwed；frm
75. he；then
(2020贵州黔西南州)
句型转换。
71. The freigners visited the Great Wall f China yesterday. （改为一般疑问句）
________ the freigners _________ the Great Wall f China yesterday?
72. Yu shuldn’t tell lies t thers and learn t be hnest!（改为祈使句）
_________ ________ lies t thers and learn t be hnest!
73. What a clean classrm it is!（改为感叹句）
_________ _________ the classrm is!
74. Qmlangma（珠穆朗玛）is higher than any ther muntain in the wrld.（改为同义句）
Qmlangma is _______ _______ muntain in the wrld.
75. Jeff asked his students, “D yu knw it is imprtant t prtect the earth?”（改为间接引语）
Jeff asked his students _______ they _______ it is imprtant t prtect the earth.
【参考答案】
71. Did; visit 72. Dn’t; tell 73. Hw; clean 74. the highest
75. if/whether; knew
(2020新疆)
完成句子。
根据所给提示完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。
78. Ellen has already bught sme flwers. (改为否定句)
Ellen _______ bught any flwers _______.
79. Hlly’s mther made delicius zngzi yesterday. (改为感叹句)
_______ _______ zngzi Hlly’s mther made yesterday!
80. I imprved my Chinese a lt with the teachers’ help. (就划线部分提问)
_______ _______ yu imprve yur Chinese a lt?
【参考答案】
78. hasn’t; yet 79. What delicius 80. Hw did
(2020甘肃天水)
句型转换。
66. Li Ziqi has made sme excellent vides abut Chinese culture.（改为一般疑问句）
_________ Li Ziqi made ________ excellent vides abut Chinese culture?
67. When will Ms. Zhu leave? I didn’t knw.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句）
I didn’t knw ________ Ms. Zhu ________ leave.
68. We will slve the prblem in tw weeks.(改为被动语态)
The prblem will __________ _______ by us in tw weeks.
70. It is 30-minute ride frm my hme t my schl.（对画线部分提问）
_______ _______ is it frm yur hme t yur schl?
【参考答案】
66. Has; any 67. when; wuld 68. be slved 70. Hw far