中考英语总复习主谓一致优质 课 件课件PPT
展开这是一份中考英语总复习主谓一致优质 课 件课件PPT,共57页。PPT课件主要包含了主谓一致,意义一致,就近原则,语法一致等内容,欢迎下载使用。
1.The plice is cmimg sn. 2.The sad news make me cry. 3.My shes is new rich is ging t be lked after pair f glasses are first class begin at eight every mrning.
Man can’t be perfect.
What did yu learn frm them?
1、英语句子中的主语与谓语动词应在人称和数上保持一致。2、有些主语虽为单数形式,但意义为复数。有些主语虽为复数形式,意义为单数,谓语动词用单数。所以,我们应保持主谓意义上的一致。
Subject – verb agreement主 谓 一 致 性
主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则,也是英语和汉语区别很大的地方。 主谓一致主要有以下几种情况:
一、语法一致主语为单数形式,谓语动词也用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。例如:I ften help him and he ften helps me.我经常帮助他,他也经常帮助我。We ften help each ther.我们经常互相帮助。不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数;可数名词的复数形式作主语,谓语动词用复数。
二、意义一致主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数;主语形式为复数,而意义为单数,谓语动词用单数。如:The crwd were surrunding the gvernment fficial.人群包围了这位政府官员。Maths is hard t learn.数学难学。
三、就近原则就近原则即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。There is a pen and tw pencils n the desk. 桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。
and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或 代词作主语时,谓语动词有以下两种 情况: 1). and连接两个或两个以上不同的人或 物作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:He and I are bth students f this schl. 我和他都是这个学校的学生。 Time and tide wait fr n man. 岁月不饶人。
2). 如果连接两个或两个以上的并列结构是指同一个人或物,或指同一概念时,谓语动词用单数,这时and后面的名词前不加冠词。
例如:A).表整体概念的并列结构:bread and butter knife and frkirn and steel law and rderB).配套事物:a watch and chain a needle and thread The knife and frk is n the desk.刀叉放在桌子上。
2.主语后面带有with, alng with, tgether with, as well as, besides, like, withut, except, including, but 等引导的短语时,谓语动词必须与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如: The teacher, tgether with his students, is planting trees in the garden. 老师和同学们正在花园里种树。
3.如果主语是不定式,动词-ing形式或主语从句时,谓语动词用单数。What he is ding seems very imprtant. 他正在做什么看起来很重要。Serving the peple is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福。
4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或n修饰时,谓语动词用单数。 Every by and every girl in the class is diligent. 班里的每个男孩女孩都很用功。
. Every ne f ne f each f either f +复数名词作主语,谓语用单数。 Each f the students has a bk.
. One f yur bks is new.
5. each f + 复数代词, 谓语动用单数。复数代词+ each, 谓语动词用复数。如: Each f us has smething t say.We each have smething t say.我们每个人都有些话要说。
6. 不定代词all, mre, sme, any, nne等作主语时,谓语动词视情况而定。谓语动词可用单数,也可用复数;但当它指代不可数名词时看作单数,谓语动词用单数。All the apples are rtten. 所有的苹果都烂了。All the apple is rtten. 整个苹果都烂了。Nne f us are /is perfect. 人无完人。Nne f the mney is left. 一点钱也没剩下。
7. 复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词 用单数。 Smene is calling yu. 有人叫你。 Nthing is fund in the rm. 在屋里找不到什么东西。
8. 名词如trusers, scissrs, clthes, gds, glasses 等作主语时,谓语动词必须用复数;如: The scissrs are sharp.
而形复义单的名词如news;以-ics结尾的学科名称如physics, plitics, 国名如the United States; 报纸名如the New Times; 书名如Great Expectatins(《远大前程》);以及the United Natins作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
如:N news is gd news.Great Expectatins was written by Charles Dickens in 1860.
9. 集体名词作主语,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数,主要由句子的意思决定。若指一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;但若指其成员时,谓语动词用复数形式。这类名词有peple, family, class, ppulatin, crwd, team, grund等。例如:The family is very big. Their family are watching TV nw.Chinese peple is a hardwrking peple.peple here are very kind.
10. 有些名词单复数形式相同,作主语时,谓语动词由上下文决定。这类名词有means, deer, sheep, Chinese, Japanese, fish等。如:Nt every means is useful. 并非每种方法都有效。Nt all means are useful. 并非所有的方法都有效。
11. 表示一类人的 “the +形容词(分词)”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。The sick in the accident have been taken t the hspital.The lst have been fund.
12. 表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等名词作主语时,不管单复数形式,其谓语动词用单数。如:Thirty years is nt a lng time. 30年的时间并不长。Tw hurs is enugh fr me t finish the wrk. 两个小时对我来说完成这项工作足够了。
13. the rest f, half f, majrity f, part f, a lt f, lts f, ne f, a number f, a plenty f, percent f 以及分数词等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于后面名词的数,即就近原则。如:A part f the students have arrived.部分学生已到了。A part f the apple has been eaten by the muse.这个苹果的一部分被老鼠吃了。
14. 在表存在的there be 句式中,主语是两个或多个并列名词(短语),be的形式与最近的一个名词(短语)保持一致。 There is a pen, tw pencils and several bks n the desk.=There are tw pencils, a pen and several bks n the desk.=There are several bks, a pen and tw pencils n the desk.
15. 由here, there等引导的倒装句中,若主语不止一个时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。如:Here cmes the bus.Here is a pen and tw bks fr yu.
16. 用连词 r, either…r, neither…nr, nt nly…but als等连接并列主语时,谓语动词应与最近的主语保持一致。如:Neither yu nr I am wrng. Neither I nr yu are wrng.Nt nly the students but als the teacher enjys listening t the music. Nt nly the teacher but als the students enjy listening t the music.
1. 由and连接的并列成分指的是一个人的双重身份时谓语动词为单数,如果指不同的人或物时谓语动词用复数。 The wrker and writer is frm Wuhan. (那个工人兼作家…) The wrker and the writer are frm Beijing. (那位工人和那位作家)
谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致?
We Chinese ____ a hard-wrking peple.A. is B. are C. is being D. are being
此题应选B。这里应注意的是:我们通常说的是主谓一致(即谓语与主语保持一致),而不是表谓一致(即不是谓语与表语一致),本题意为:我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。
注意以下类似例子:These tw dictinaries are a present fr my best friend Jim.The planets were the bject f his study.The mst imprtant thing I need is bks.The best part f the meal is the cffee and ckies.
When and where t build the new factry______ yet. A. is nt decided B. are nt decided C. has nt decided D. have nt decided
析: 当when和where加不定式指的是同一件事时,谓语动词用单数。
every并列使用时,动词取单数。
Every by and every girl ______ that each day and each hur brings ______ duty.A. knw, their B. knws, theirC. knws, its D. knw, its
E-mail, as well as telephnes, ____ an imprtant part in daily cmmunicatin. A. is playing B. have playedC. are playing D. play
A library with five thusand bks ____ t the natin as a gift.A. is ffered B. has fferedC. are ffered D. have ffered
3. Nt nly I but als Jane and Mary ____ tired f having ne examinatin after anther. A. is B. are C. am D. be4. Nt the teacher, but the students ____ lking frward t seeing the film. A. is B. are C. am D. be
5. A wman with sme children ______ sn.A. is cming B. are cming C. has cme D. have cme6. N ne except my parents ____ anything abut this。A. knw B. knws C. is knwn D. are knwn
7.The teacher as well as the students ______ the bk already. A. has read B. have read C. are reading D. is reading8.All but (除了)ne ____ in the accident. A. was killed B. were killed C. will be killed D. are killed
9. The number f peple invited ___fifty, but a number f them ___ absent fr different reasns. A. were; wasB. was; was C. was; wereD. were; were10. ____ f the land in that district ____ cvered with trees and grass. A. Tw fifth; is B. Tw fifth; are C. Tw fifths; is D. Tw fifths; are
1.Our class are ging t hike next week Our class are big and clean .
2.A speaker and writer des exercise every day. A speaker and a writer des exercise every day.
D yu knw the differences?
3.A number f Chinese are learning English. The number f the students are frty.
给句子填上is/am/are
1.There _____sme milk and sme bttles n the Jim nr Mary ______ yu r I_______ging t wrk nly the students but als their teacher ____happy. 5.There ______sme sheep and a child ver there.
There be _ A _ and _ B _Either _A_ r_ B _Neither_A_nr_B_Nt nly_A_but als_B_
Thinking makes yu clever
1.Behind the huse _______(be)sme student and every teacher _______(cme) t schl n time in the man and n wman ______(like) these r she ______(have) gne he said________(sund) reasnable.6. “I”____(be) the ninth letter.
Can yu wrk them ut?
True gld fears nt the fire.
1.A number f students has seen the film. 2.This kind f apples taste very gd. 3.Nt nly my classrm but als my teacher are fnd f Greens has returned t England. 5.Thse wh nly thinks f themselves can never be happy. 6.When each persn cme in ,they must shw their tickets .
Think carefully
7.Ten thusand punds are a lt f mney. 8.Mary likes many ther girls likes dancing are Chinese . Yu tw are German. 10.The singer and dancer lk very yung and chips are my but the twin sisters knw the secret.
I can make it
Multiple chice:1. On the wall______ tw large prtraits.A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging2. “News f victries _____ puring in as ur army advances,” the cmpany cmmander said.A. keep B. kept C. keeps D. have kept3. There _____ a lt f milk in the bttle.A. are B. is C. were D. has
4. Zhang’s family ____ rather big, with twelve peple in all. A. is B. are C. being D. was5. Nbdy but Jane ____ the secret. A. knw B. knws C. have knwn D. is knwn6. All but ne _____ here just nw. A. is B. was C. has been D. were
7. When and where t build the new factry _____ yet. A. is nt decided B. are nt decided C. has nt decided D. have nt decided8. A library with five thusand bks____ t the natin as a gift. A. is ffered B. has ffered C. are ffered D. have ffered
1. The cuntry life he was used t ______ greatly since 1992. A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed
2. Nwadays, a large number f wmen, especially thse frm the cuntryside, _________ in the clthing industry. A.is wrking B.wrks C.wrk D.wrked
3. A pet and artist ________ cming t speak t us abut Chinese literature and painting tmrrw afternn. A. is B. are C. was D. were
4. A survey f the pinins f experts ______that three hurs f utdr exercise a week ____ gd fr ne’s health. A. shw; are B. shws; is C. shw; is D. shws; are
Nt nly I but Jane and Mary _____ tired f having ne examinatin after anther. A. is B. are C. am D. be
1、主谓倒装句,动词应与其——的主语一致。2、“一段———”,“一段————”,“一些————”作 主语时,动词用单数。3、几分之几作主语时,动词由其后面的————或代词 决定。但ne and a half 作主语时,动词用单数。4、定语从句的动词与其前面的————一致。5、动名词,动词不定式作主语时,动词用———。6、当主语后with ,tgether with,like ,but,except,as well as 等介词词组时,动词依其——的主语而定。
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