陕西省西安市长安区2021届高三一模英语试题+Word版含解析

这是一份陕西省西安市长安区2021届高三一模英语试题+Word版含解析，共26页。

长安区2021年高三年级第一次模拟试题
英语
本试卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分，总分150分。考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。
2. 选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；非选择题答案用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
4. 保持答题卡清洁，不折叠、不破损。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where did the man put the woman’s bike?
A. In a backyard. B. In a garage. C. Under a street lamp.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Karl, where did you place my bike? I can’t find it.
M: Oh, I put it under a street lamp, the one beside our backyard.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which floor is the Committee Room on?
A. The fourth floor. B. The third floor. C. The second floor.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh, sorry. I must have the wrong room.
M: Which room do you want?
W: The Committee Room. I thought it was here on the third floor.
M: It’s on the fourth floor and, anyway, you are lost, this is the second floor.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does the man feel about the article in the end?
A. Annoyed. B. Satisfied. C. Bored.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: The article in this morning’s paper made me angry!
M: I felt the same way when I first read it, but the more I thought about it, the more I agreed with it. It’s an excellent article.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. In a teaching building.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Welcome. What kind of book would you like?
M: Something about history.
W: They’re over there. All the books are on sale this week.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the man call the woman?
A. To ask for a sick leave.
B. To ask about English classes.
C. To discuss tomorrow’s schedule.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello. English Language Center.
M: Hello, Sarah. This is Jacob. I have a bad cold. Could I take today off? I think I’ll be ready for tomorrow.
W: Sure. We’ll see if we can get another teacher to cover your classes.
第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. How will the woman send the package?
A. By air. B. By express mail. C. By sea.
7. How much should the woman pay?
A. £20. B. £26. C. £23.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me. I’d like to have the package and the letter posted.
M: Would you like to mail by air or by sea?
W: How long will it take to mail things to the U.S. by air?
M: About 10 days. You can send it by express mail if you need it faster. It will only take three or four days.
W: Then, express mail for the package. It’s urgent. The faster, the better. And the letter by registered mail.
M: OK. The package is 3 kilograms. That’ll be £20 for postage.
W: Yes. And the letter?
M: Registered. That is £3. So you should give me £23.
W: Here you go.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What problem does the woman have?
A. She’s lost. B. Her shoes are broken. C. Her feet are uncomfortable.
9. Why did the speakers come to the city?
A. To attend a meeting. B. To buy some shoes. C. To make a tour.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
【原文】W: I really shouldn’t have worn high heels today.
M: No kidding. Who knew we’d all be on a walking tour of the city before the meeting?
W: Maybe they think it’s the first time we’ve come to the city, so they arranged it. I remember seeing a shoe store just around the corner from here. Do you think we have enough time to stop by? I honestly won’t be able to walk back unless I get some relief for my feet.
M: It should be fine. We can get you some shoes and then eat a quick lunch at the fast food restaurant. We’re almost back at the meeting center anyway.
W: OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. Why does the man want to get a summer job?
A. To save money for a course. B. To save for a trip. C. To pay his brother back.
11. How will the woman get money?
A. By doing a part-time job.
B. By borrowing from her brother.
C. By asking her parents.
12. What does the man decide to do in the end?
A. Study in Spain.
B. Get a job in Portugal.
C. Go to Latin America with the woman.
【答案】10. B 11. B 12. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you have any plans during this summer?
M: Well, I want to get a summer job. I’d like to save money for a vacation.
W: Really? Where would you like to go?
M: I’d love to travel to Latin America. What about you, Melissa?
W: Well, I’m not going to get a job right away. First, I want to go to Spain and Portugal.
M: Sounds great, but how are you going to pay for it?
W: I know I can’t ask my parents for money any more, so I’ll borrow some money from my brother. I have a good excuse. I plan to take courses in Spanish and Portuguese.
M: Oh, I’m tired of studying!
W: So am I. But I also hope to take people on tours to Latin America. Why don’t you come on my first tour?
M: Count me in!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. What are the speakers discussing?
A. How to present their research.
B. How to form clouds.
C. How to explain different types of clouds.
14. Why does the man suggest having small cards?
A. To make the presentation more interesting.
B. To organize all the research.
C. To remind him of what to say.
15. What will the man do?
A. Look for pictures of clouds online.
B. Make the presentation slides.
C. Prepare the cards.
16. What part will the woman do?
A. The medium-level clouds part.
B. The low-level clouds part.
C. The high-level clouds part.
【答案】13. A 14. C 15. A 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: OK, we’ve got all our cloud research so let’s decide how to organize it.
M: We should probably start by saying how clouds are formed, and then move on to the different types of clouds. We can separate them into low-level, medium-level and high clouds.
W: Great, and we should also make a PowerPoint to make the presentation more interesting.
M: Right. We should have small cards, too. I’m useless at remembering what to say without them.
W: Me too. Well, I’m quite happy to organize everything we’ve found out about clouds and make sure it fits into our presentation times.
M: Actually I’d better do that. How about if you make the presentation slides?
W: OK.
M: Then I’ll also look on the Internet for pictures of different types of clouds.
W: That’ll be great. I’ll prepare the cards so we don’t forget what we’re saying.
M: Sounds great. What section do you want to talk about?
W: I hate speaking in front of people so I’d prefer not to do the introduction.
M: I’ll do that. If you don’t want to talk much, then why don’t you just do the middle bit about the medium-level clouds?
W: That’s OK.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. What problem will the motorway bring to the village?
A. Fewer villagers will live there.
B. The well-known beauty spot will be destroyed.
C. Children will find it hard to go to the Streeve Beach.
18. What will be built on farmland?
A. A swimming pool. B. Houses. C. A steel factory.
19. Where will the high-tech park be built?
A. In the north of the village.
B. In the west of the village.
C. In the south of the village.
20. What is most villagers’ attitude towards the government plans?
A. Fully satisfied. B. Rather worried. C. Quite unexpected.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: And now for our main headlines on Southern Local News for today. First of all, the report about the government plans on developments around the village of Tartlesbury was published this morning. The new motorway will pass along the north side of the village. It will cross the River Teeme from the well-known beauty spot, Streeve Beach, to the north-east of the village. The motorway will cut the village off from the Streeve Beach, where many children play. But that is not the end of it. There are also plans to build a thousand houses on farmland west of the village. And on top of that is the plan to build a high-tech park for new technology companies. It will be built in the south of the village, where the old steel factory used to be. A new center with a swimming pool and a large supermarket are also planned next to the park. And, as has been expected, the plans have created quite a lot of interest. Not all people are for them. Mr. Khan, a local shopkeeper said, “Most of us in the village are absolutely concerned about what is being planned here. This is just a chance for some people to make money quickly. Of course, we welcome the jobs that the new technology park will bring, but we feel more worried that the large increase in housing and the planned motorway will destroy the character of the area.” I think this is a debate that is going to run on for quite some time and we here on Local News will keep you informed.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
IVHQ(International Volunteer Headquarters), one of the world’s most trusted volunteer abroad organizations, offers volunteer programs in more than 50 destinations. Here are some of them.
Marine Conservation Program
Volunteers of this program work in Queensland, Australia. You will join conservation efforts like collecting sea rubbish.
Requirements: Volunteers need to be 18 years or over. Able to swim. Speak fluent English. Present a police check. Have travel insurance. Complete our free pre-departure training.
Fees: 1 week $1,010; 2 weeks $2,020; 3 weeks $2,980
Shriners Hospitals for Children Program
Volunteers in Shriners Hospitals for Children in Honolulu, Hawaii need to pick up patients, deliver supplies and tutor patients.
Requirements: Volunteers must be at least 16 years old. Available to volunteer two hours per week for at least five months. Agree to a police check and a drug test. We offer free training upon your arrival.
Fees: No fees are needed.
Youth Support Program
Volunteers are placed in community centers of New Orleans, Louisiana, USA to provide tutoring and positive activities for the youth. You can also help organizations by beautifying spaces, re-organizing classrooms and preparing materials.
Requirements: Volunteers need to be 18 years or over. Have travel insurance and provide a police check. The training fee is included in the program fee.
Fees: 1 week $520; 2 weeks $825; 3 weeks $1,125
Pre-School English Program
Volunteers working in Cusco, Peru will teach English in pre-schools with younger children of 4 to 5 years old.
Requirements: 18 years and over. No previous teaching experience is required, but a basic understanding of Spanish is. Emergency contact, police check and resume(简历) are required. Training will be conducted online for free.
Fees: 1 week, $320; 2 weeks $550; 3 weeks $735
21. Which program suits a 17-year-old volunteer?
A. Marine Conservation Program. B. Youth Support Program.
C. Shriners Hospitals for Children Program. D. Pre-School English Program.
22. What is required for the programs in Australia and Peru?
A. Emergency contact. B. Travel insurance. C. Drug test. D. Police check.
23. What should the volunteers do in Youth Support Program?
A. Collect sea rubbish. B. Re-organize classrooms.
C. Pick up and tutor patients. D. Teach the English language.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了国际志愿者总部提供的几个志愿者项目：Marine Conservation Program；Shriners Hospitals for Children Program；Youth Support Program；Pre-School English Program。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Shriners Hospitals for Children Program部分内容“Requirements: Volunteers must be at least 16 years old.(要求：志愿者必须年满16岁)”可知，该项目要求志愿者年满16周岁，因此这个项目适合17岁的志愿者。根据文章Marine Conservation Program部分内容“Volunteers need to be 18 years or over.(志愿者需要年满18岁)” ；Youth Support Program部分内容“Volunteers need to be 18 years or over.(志愿者需要年满18岁)”； Pre-School English Program部分内容“18 years and over.(18岁及以上)”可知，其余三个项目的年龄要求均为18岁及以上。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干涉及的地点“Australia(澳大利亚)”可知，应是“Marine Conservation Program”项目，该项目的要求为“Requirements: Volunteers need to be 18 years or over. Able to swim. Speak fluent English. Present a police check. Have travel insurance. Complete our free pre-departure training.(要求：年满18周岁。能游泳。说一口流利的英语。无犯罪记录证明。旅游保险。完成我们的免费出发前培训)”；涉及地点“Peru(秘鲁)”的项目为“Pre-School English Program”，该项目的要求为“Requirements: 18 years and over. No previous teaching experience is required, but a basic understanding of Spanish is. Emergency contact, police check and resume are required.(要求：18岁以上。不需要以前的教学经验，但基本的西班牙语理解。紧急联系人，无犯罪记录证明和简历)”可知，两个项目的要求中都有“police check(无犯罪记录证明)”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Pre-School English Program部分内容“Volunteers are placed in community centers of New Orleans, Louisiana, USA to provide tutoring and positive activities for the youth. You can also help organizations by beautifying spaces, re-organizing classrooms and preparing materials.(志愿者被安置在美国路易斯安那州新奥尔良的社区中心，为年轻人提供辅导和积极的活动。你也可以通过美化空间、重新组织教室和准备材料来帮助组织)”可知，志愿者在该项目中要重新组织教室。故选B项。
B
One of the most important things that has happened to me occurred long before I was aware of it. As the story goes, I was three days old and Mom was singing “The Name Game” song to me: “Christine Bo-Bean-Banana-Fanna-Fo-Feen.” By day four, I was given a new name — Christine-Bo-Bean, or just Bo-Bee to my mother. Now, I am Bo to her and close friends.
Why is this nickname(昵称)so important to me? I once read a book with a passage about True Names which explains that when a person’s true name is spoken, she has a distinct aura(光环)around her. Although I have been Bo to my mother all my life, I recently discovered that my true name is not on my birth certificate; it’s the name that is as unique and memorable as I am.
People usually know me as Christine. They still see me as a quiet, bookish child. They don’t know who I am now. My most recent hopes, fears, goals, dreams and opinions escape their notice; it is easier to think of me as I was. In their minds, they have a box labeled “Christine” in which I fit neatly, and as Christine, I was content with the perfect packaging.
Those who call me Bo or Bo-Bee really know me. They remember who I was and realize I have changed. Bo is a tight squeeze in the old “Christine” boxes. The Bo I am is ever-changing, ever-growing and ever-learning.
When I was Christine, I was quiet, and easily scared. I feared groups, meeting new people and sharing my opinions. I was more comfortable with a book than my best friend. As Christine, I thought everyone was better than I was.
As Bo, I still love my books, but I want to discuss them. As Bo, my dream is to live where I can experience new things and meet new people. I dream about being alone on a stage lit by a single spotlight; I have that confidence now. I am equal to those I once saw as better than me.
A name shouldn’t make such a difference, but sometimes, when a person finds his or her True Name, they develop a new shine visible to friends, family and especially themselves.
I can’t always be Bo. Sometimes exposing myself is still scary and I feel too nervous; I want to hide in those old boxes. Mostly, however, I am ready for the world. So, just call me Bo.
24. When was the author given a nickname?
A. Seven days after she was born.
B. When her Mom sang the song.
C. When she received the old “Christine” box.
D. On the fourth day after she was born.
25. What does the underlined sentence imply?
A. The old boxes are not fit for the author any longer.
B. People usually know the author as Christine but she has changed.
C. The author has to live in the old boxes.
D. They don’t know the author has changed her name.
26. What kind of person was the author in the past?
A. She showed no interest in reading.
B. She loved reading and sharing books with friends.
C. She lacked confidence and preferred to be alone.
D. She took pleasure in finding new things.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Learning from Names B. Meaning of Nicknames
C. My True Name D. A Unique Name
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要是讲述作者寻求真我过程和结果。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“By day four, I was given a new name — Christine-Bo-Bean, or just Bo-Bee to my mother.（到第四天，我有了一个新名字——克里斯汀-波比，或者我妈妈叫我波比。）”可知，作者在他出生后的第四天有了昵称。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据后文“The Bo I am is ever-changing, ever-growing and ever-learning.（我是一个不断变化，不断成长，不断学习的Bo）”可推断，划线句含义是人们通常认为作者是克里斯汀，但她已经变了。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“When I was Christine, I was quiet, and easily scared. I feared groups, meeting new people and sharing my opinions.（当我还是克里斯汀的时候，我很安静，很容易害怕。我害怕群体，害怕结识新朋友，害怕分享自己的观点。）”可知，作者在过去缺乏自信，喜欢独处。故选C。
27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Why is this nickname(昵称)so important to me? I once read a book with a passage about True Names which explains that when a person’s true name is spoken, she has a distinct aura(光环)around her. Although I have been Bo to my mother all my life, I recently discovered that my true name is not on my birth certificate; it’s the name that is as unique and memorable as I am.（为什么这个昵称对我这么重要?我曾经读过一本书，里面有一段是关于真实姓名的，它解释说，当一个人的真实名字被说出时，她的周围会有一种独特的光环。虽然我一辈子都是Bo，但我最近发现我的出生证明上没有我的真名;这个名字和我一样独特，令人难忘。）”及全文可知，本文主要都是对于作者的姓名在进行描述，不同的姓名背后都有着不一样的个性。所以“My True Name(我真正的名字)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
C
Today we know Antarctica as an extreme environment containing ice and snow. But new research provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.
The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment from under the seafloor off the coast of Antarctica. In the sediment, they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old. This would have been in the Cretaceous Period, when dinosaurs were the main land animals. The sediment was removed by scientists on the research icebreaker RV Polarstern in the Amundsen Sea near Pine Island Glacier.
Johann Klages is a geologist with the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research in Germany. He was the lead writer of a study on the findings, published in the journal Nature. He said the sediment was collected from a depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor. Klages said an examination showed that the material didn't form in the ocean.
The researchers estimate that the area — about 900 kilometers from the South Pole — had average yearly temperatures of about 12 to 13 degrees Celsius. During the warmest summer months, average temperatures likely reached between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius. The soil included fine dirt particles and hard clay, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Klages added that the plants included trees, ferns and flowering plants. While no animal remains were found, Klages said there were likely dinosaurs, flying reptiles and many insects in the environment.
The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth has experienced in the past — and is currently undergoing today. The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today. The researchers said that the rainforest environment in Antarctica was especially surprising because each year, the area experiences a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life. Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time, but seasonal snowfall was likely.
28. How did the researchers reach their findings?
A. By exploring ice in Antarctica.
B. By analyzing the Earth sediment.
C. By collecting data on climate.
D. By researching special plants.
29. What did the researchers say about the sediment?
A. Its material developed in the ocean.
B. It dates back to cold times in Antarctica.
C. Its material formed on the land.
D. It contained different animal remains.
30. What does the author indicate in the last paragraph?
A. Antarctica’s natural environment has changed greatly.
B. Polar nights in Antarctica are getting shorter than before.
C. There were ice sheets 140 million years ago.
D. Seasonal snowfall made the forest disappear.
31. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Researchers study the secrets of Antarctica.
B. Antarctica had a different history of climate.
C. There’s various wildlife in Antarctica.
D. Antarctica has an extreme environment containing ice and snow.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。今天我们都知道南极洲被冰雪覆盖，气候非常恶劣。但新的研究证实该地区曾经存在雨林，由此可知它过去的气候和现在有很大不同。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“But new research provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past. (但新的研究提供了这个地区曾今有雨林的证据)”和第二段的“The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment from under the seafloor off the coast of Antarctica. In the sediment, they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old. (研究人员从南极洲海岸海底下收集了一块土壤沉积物。在沉积物中，他们发现了估计有9000万年历史的森林物质)”可知，研究人员通过研究地球的土壤沉积物得到了新发现——南极洲过去有雨林。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Klages said an examination showed that the material didn't form in the ocean. (Klages说一项检查显示，这些物质不是在海洋中形成的)”和第四段的“The soil included fine dirt particles and hard clay, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Klages added that the plants included trees, ferns and flowering plants. (研究发现，这些土壤包括细土颗粒和硬粘土，以及与至少65种不同植物有关的物质。Klages补充说，这些植物包括树木、蕨类植物和开花植物)”可推知，这些物质是在陆地上形成的。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today. (沉积物中的土壤可以追溯到地球过去1.4亿年中最温暖的时期，海平面比今天高出约170米)”可推知，南极洲的自然环境发生了很大变化。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。结合文章的主要内容，尤其第一段“Today we know Antarctica as an extreme environment containing ice and snow. But new research provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past. (今天我们知道南极洲是一个有冰雪的极端环境。但新的研究提供了证据，证明该地区过去有雨林)”和最后一段的“The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth has experienced in the past — and is currently undergoing today. (这项研究代表了地球过去和现在经历的重大气候变化的新证据)”可知，本文主要讲述南极洲曾经的气候和现在的气候有很大的区别。故选B。
D
A robot created by Washington State University (WSU) scientists could help elderly people with dementia and other limitations live independently in their own homes
The Robot Activity Support System, or RAS, uses sensors (传感器) equipped in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities. It navigates (定位) through rooms and around obstacles to find people on its own, provides video instruction on how to do simple tasks and can even lead its owners to objects like their medication or a snack in the kitchen.
“RAS combines the convenience of a mobile robot with the activity detection technology of a WSU smart home to provide assistance in the moment, as the need for help is detected,” said Bryan Minor, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
Currently, about 50 percent adults over the age of 85 need assistance with everyday activities such as preparing meals and taking medication and the annual cost for this assistance in the US is nearby $2 trillion. With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 2050, researchers hope that technologies like RAS and the WSU smart home will relieve some of the financial pressure on the healthcare system by making it easier for older adults to live alone.
RAS is the first robot researchers have tried to apply to their smart home environment. They recently published a study in the journal Cognitive Systems Research that shown how RAS could make life easier for older adults struggling to live independently.
“While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising,” Minor said. “The next step in the research will be to test RAS’s performance with a group of older adults to get a better data of what video reminders and other performances they have regarding the robot.”
32. What plays a key role in RAS serving the elderly?
A. Sensors B. Videos. C. Signal lights D. Head size
33. What can we learn about RAS?
A. It is the first robot used in daily life. B. Its function remains to be tested.
C. It can locate people and do any task. D. It can cook for owners on its own.
34. What’s Minor’s attitude toward the future of RAS?
A. Doubtful B. Negative C. Optimistic D. Uncertain
35. What would be a suitable title for the text?
A. Elderly People Leave the Nursing Home.
B. Smart Home Tests First Elder Care Robot
C. RAS, the First Robot to Make Home Smart.
D. Older Adults Have Benefited from RAS a Lot.
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了华盛顿州立大学(WSU)的科学家们发明了一种机器人RAS，可以帮助独居老年人在家中更轻松地生活。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The Robot Activity Support System, or RAS, uses sensors (传感器) equipped in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities.（机器人活动支持系统，或RAS，使用装备在WSU智能家居的来确定老年人在哪里，在做什么，以及在日常活动中什么时候需要帮助。）”可知，RAS为老年人服务起主要作用的是传感器。故选A项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。第六段中Minor说到“While we are still in an early stage of development,…The next step in the research will be to test RAS’s performance with a group of older adults to get a better data of what video reminders and other performances they have regarding the robot.（ 我们仍然处于开发的早期阶段时，……研究的下一步将是在一组老年人中测试RAS的性能，以获得关于机器人的视频提醒和其他性能的更好数据。）”，由此可以推断，RAS的功能有待进一步测试。故选B项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中Minor所说的话“While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising（当我们仍然处于开发的早期阶段时，但是初步研究成果是有希望的）”可知，Minor 对RAS的未来是持乐观态度的。故选C项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段是全文的主题段，“A robot created by Washington State University (WSU) scientists could help elderly people with dementia and other limitations live independently in their own homes.（华盛顿州立大学(WSU)的科学家们发明了一种机器人，可以帮助患有痴呆症和其他疾病的老年人在自己的家中独立生活。）”，下文说明RAS的功能以及如何对老年人提供帮助。目前WSU 对RAS的研究还处于早期阶段。因此文章的标题应为“智能家居测试第一台老年护理机器人”。故选B项。
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余选项.
You don’t need to be a world-class mountaineer to stand out in a job interview. Here’s my advice on how to nail the most common interview question.
Most people are so eager to show off what they’ve been involved in. Don’t worry, and there will be time for that. The interviewer has reviewed your resume and will ask you plenty about your expertise. “Tell me about yourself” is a question you’re certain to be asked at any job interview.___36___However, sharing something that shows who you really are beyond a piece of paper is a good idea. It will allow the interviewer to know something about your life outside of work.
Everyone has something interesting to share about themselves. I’ve heard people talk about everything from being a world-class sushi chef to an ice carver.___37___ Such as you participate in competitive sports, you're an accomplished (技艺高超的) pianist and you’re writing your first detective novel. If the information showcases a unique aspect of yourself, and especially if you can link it to what you can bring to your next job, then go for it.
Another way to think about the question is: “What gets you up every morning?” The person also wants to know what your sense of passion and purpose is. That volunteer work on a farm cooperative in South America, for example, shows you have a global perspective. ___38___ It doesn’t matter how big or small the accomplishment is, as long as it shows you’re struggling to improve yourself. When people are motivated by contributing to something bigger than themselves, they get more satisfaction.
___39___ Relax, be yourself and tell the truth. Don't approach the interview like you’re trying out for Broadway. It’s more than obvious when someone is trying to memorize their lines and “play the part”. Also, if you overstate what you've done or fully invent a story about yourself, you'll be exposed.___40___
A. Take a risk to get personal.
B. Showing honesty is one of the most important things.
C. Running your first 10 kilometers shows you like a challenge.
D. And then everything you say about yourself will be questioned.
E. It's also important to tell it in a way that makes you memorable.
F. Too many people respond to it by giving a recital of their resume.
G. "Tell me about yourself" is an invitation for you to share brief information.
【答案】36. F 37. E 38. C 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。作者在文章中提出了如何回答面试中最常见问题的建议，从而使得人们在面试中脱颖而出。
【36题详解】
根据下一句However, sharing something that shows who you really are beyond a piece of paper is a good idea. It will allow the interviewer to know something about your life outside of work. 然而，除了一张纸之外，分享一些能显示你的真实身份的东西是个好主意。这会让面试官了解你工作之外的生活。可知，下文表示转折，此处内容应与介绍简历内容有关，选项F“太多的人对此的反应是简单地介绍一下自己的简历。”符合题意。故选F项。
【37题详解】
根据下文If the information showcases a unique aspect of yourself, and especially if you can link it to what you can bring to your next job, then go for it. 如果这些信息展示了你独特的一面，特别是如果你能把它与你能给下一份工作带来什么联系起来，那么就去争取吧。可知，此处内容与用令人难忘的讲述方式突出你独特的一面去吸引面试官有关，选项E“同样重要的是，要以一种令人难忘的方式来讲述。”符合题意。故选E项。
【38题详解】
根据上一句That volunteer work on a farm cooperative in South America, for example, shows you have a global perspective.比如，你在南美一个农场合作社做志愿者，这表明你有全球视野。可知，此处内容与举例子说明你的目标或品质有关，选项C“刚开始跑10公里说明你喜欢挑战。”符合题意。故选C项。
【39题详解】
此处是本段的小标题，也就是主旨句。根据下一句Relax, be yourself and tell the truth.放松点，做你自己，说实话。可知，此处内容与诚实有关，选项B“诚实是最重要的事情之一。”符合题意。故选B项。
【40题详解】
根据上一句Also, if you overstate what you've done or fully invent a story about yourself, you'll be exposed.此外，如果你夸大了你所做的事情，或者完全编造了一个关于你自己的故事，你就会被曝光。可知，此处内容与不诚实带来的影响有关，选项D“然后你所说的关于你自己的一切都会受到质疑。”符合题意。故选D项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Humans frequently fall ill owing to me. ____41____, they can hardly blame me; it is largely their own ____42____. A tired person may get  ____43____ especially when he goes to crowded places with polluted air. A sudden change in ____44____ is another factor. In hot summer, people turn on the air-conditioner upon returning home. They will catch a cold easily.
My latest victim is an energetic student. After school, he played football hard for two hours. Though ____45____, he still went to the cinema. Then he got back home and took a cold shower immediately.
I seized this golden chance to ____46____ him. He reacted, trying to ____47____ me, but I was already _____48_____ deep in his throat. He kept sneezing and his nose was _____49_____.  Although he put on some warm clothes, it didn’t work, for there were too many of us. Besides, his sore throat kept ______50______ him, and he developed a cough to force me and my family out, but ______51______.
The next day he couldn’t go to _____52_____. He had lost his appetite and was not as ______53______ as before. His mother made him orange juice every few hours for more vitamin C, which would help his ______54______.
For two days he was ______55______ by his mother. As he rested more, his defense strengthened and I began to feel the ______56______. I knew I had to  ______57______ him before long. But I am not the one who gives up easily, and I made every effort to fight back. ______58______, it was my turn to feel ____59____ now, for his defense system was starting an all-out attack against me. I became ______60______ and finally my time was over.
Do you know what I am?
41. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Then D. However
42. A. duty B. responsibility C. fault D. excuse
43. A. blamed B. punished C. caught D. killed
44. A. season B. place C. temperature D. condition
45. A. excited B. exhausted C. late D. hurt
46. A. injure B. bother C. attack D. destroy
47. A. get on with B. get rid of C. put up with D. take hold of
48. A. waiting B. disappearing C. hiding D. reproducing
49. A. running B. blowing C. flowing D. going
50. A. influencing B. reminding C. comforting D. upsetting
51. A. escaped B. failed C. regretted D. succeeded
52. A. school B. work C. bed D. hospital
53. A. peaceful B. tired C. happy D. dynamic
54. A. recovery B. development C. enthusiasm D. growth
55. A. cured B. protected C. nursed D. treated
56. A. loss B. pressure C. operation D. movement
57. A. boycott B. overcome C. beat D. abandon
58. A. Unexpectedly B. Unfortunately C. Unusually D. Unsuccessfully
59. A. awful B. disappointed C. nervous D. ashamed
60. A. smaller B. bigger C. weaker D. stronger
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. C 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. D 51. B 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. C 56. B 57. D 58. B 59. A 60. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章以病毒的角度描述病毒如何让一个学生感冒，并且学生如何抗击病毒的。
【41题详解】
考考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们经常生病是因为我，然而却很少责怪我。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides除此之外；C. Then然后；D. However然而。根据“Humans frequently fall ill owing to me.”可知，人们生病因为我，却很少责怪我，所以前后句是转折关系。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这大部分是他们自己的错。 A. duty责任；B. responsibility责任；C. fault过错；D. excuse借口。根据“they can hardly blame me;”可知，这里不能责怪我，所以是人类的错。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个疲惫的人可能会被感染，特别是当他去拥挤的地方和有污染的空气的地方。A. blamed责怪；B. punished惩罚；C. caught 抓住，感染；D. killed 杀死。根据“when he goes to crowded places with polluted air”可知，疲惫的人特别是去拥挤的地方和有污染的空气的地方可能会被感染。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：温度上的突然改变是另外一个因素。A. season 季节；B. place地方；C. temperature温度；D. condition 情况。根据“In hot summer, people turn on the air-conditioner upon returning home.”可知，有些人在夏天一回家就吹空调从而感冒，说明是温度骤变导致的。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管很疲惫，他仍然去了电影院。A. excited激动的；B. exhausted疲惫的；C. late迟到的；D. hurt受伤的。根据“After school, he played football hard for two hours.”可知，学生打完球，所以这里是很疲惫。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我抓住这个黄金机会去攻击他 。A. injure受伤；B. bother 打扰；C. attack攻击；D. destroy破坏。这里表示病毒攻击人类，与第19空后面defense以及all-out attack呼应。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他作出反应，试图摆脱我，但我已经在他的喉咙深处繁殖。A. get on with与……相处；B. get rid of避免；C. put up with忍受；D. take hold of握住。根据“He reacted,”可知，这里做出反应是要摆脱病毒。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他作出反应，试图摆脱我，但我已经在他的喉咙深处繁殖。A. waiting等待；B. disappearing消失；C. hiding隐藏；D. reproducing再生产，繁殖。根据“for there were too many of us.”可知，病毒已经在喉咙深处繁殖。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不停地打喷嚏，还流鼻涕。A. running跑；流；B. blowing吹；C. flowing流动；D. going去。根据“He kept sneezing”可知，他不停地打喷嚏和流鼻涕。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，他的喉咙痛一直困扰着他，他开始咳嗽，想要强迫我和我的家人出去，但没有成功。A. influencing影响；B. reminding 提醒；C. comforting 安慰；D. upsetting使心烦意乱，困扰。根据“his sore throat”可知，喉咙痛困扰着他。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，他的喉咙痛一直困扰着他，他开始咳嗽，想要强迫我和我的家人出去，但没有成功。A. escaped逃跑；B. failed失败；C. regretted后悔；D. succeeded成功。根据“and he developed a cough to force me and my family out,”可知，想要病毒和它的家人出去，有but作转折，所以这里是失败了。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，他不能上学了。A. school学校；B. work工作；C. bed床；D. hospital医院。根据前文“My latest victim is an energetic student”可知，他是一个学生，所以是不能上学。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他失去了胃口，并且不像以前那样有活力。A. peaceful 和平的；B. tired累的；C. happy高兴的；D. dynamic有活力的。根据前文“My latest victim is an energetic student”可知，因为生病了，所以没有活力 。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的妈妈每个几个小时给他喝橙汁补充维C，这可以帮助他恢复。A. recovery恢复；B. development发展；C. enthusiasm热情；D. growth成长。根据“His mother made him orange juice every few hours for more vitamin C,”可知，维C有助于恢复。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两天，他都被他妈妈照顾着。A. cured治愈；B. protected保护；C. nursed护理，照顾；D. treated对待，款待。根据“His mother made him orange juice every few hours for more vitamin C,”可知，这里照应前文的妈妈给他喝果汁，生病了要照顾。故选C项。
【56题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着他休息地更多，他的抵抗力增强了，我感到更多的压力 。A. loss失去；B. pressure压力；C. operation手术；D. movement移动。根据“As he rested more, his defense strengthened”可知，人的防御力增强了，所以病毒很难侵入，更有压力。故选B项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我不久之后不得不遗弃他。 A. boycott联合抵制；B. overcome克服；C. beat打败；D. abandon遗弃。根据“As he rested more, his defense strengthened and I began to feel the _____16_____.”可知，人的抵抗力增强，所以病毒呆不下去，不得不丢弃。故选D项。
【58题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸地是，现在轮到我感到痛苦。A. Unexpectedly意外地；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Unusually不寻常地；D. Unsuccessfully不成功地。因为他的防御体系足以攻击我，现在轮到我感觉痛苦了，所以是不幸地。故选B项。
【59题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸地是，现在轮到我感到痛苦。A. awful糟糕的，痛苦的；B. disappointed失望的；C. nervous紧张的；D. ashamed 羞耻的。根据“for his defense system was starting an all-out attack against me.”可知，因为他的防御体系足以攻击我，现在轮到我感觉痛苦了，病毒和病人互换了，我感到病人之前的痛苦。故选A项。
【60题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我变得更虚弱，我的末日到了。A. smaller更小的；B. bigger更大的；C. weaker更虚弱的；D. stronger更强壮的。根据“and finally my time was over.”可知，我的末日到了，需要这里是更加虚弱。故选C项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists from Oxford University in the UK believe they have found a bone that belonged to Santa Claus, ___61___real name is St Nicholas. He was a Christian holy man who lived in the 4th century in what is now Turkey. He____62____(die) in the year 343.
The scientists said the bone is from____63____St Nicholas lived. An archaeologist said: “This bone…suggests that we could___64___(possible) be looking at the____65____(remain) from St Nicholas himself.” There are stories that he secretly gave presents___66___poor people. This is the story behind today’s Santa Claus.
Santa Claus has other names. His name can be___67___(short) to Santa. In many countries, he is called Father Christmas. He delivers the presents on a sleigh, which is pulled through the air by his flying reindeer.
Santa Claus is usually seen as an over-weight, happy,____68____(smile) man with a white beard. He wears a red coat with a white fur collar and cuffs, red trousers, a black leather belt____69____ black boots. He lives in____70____North Pole, where he has a toy-making workshop. Children today can track his Christmas Eve journey online.
【答案】61. whose
62. died 63. where
64. possibly
65. remains
66. to 67. shortened
68. smiling
69. and 70. the
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家对于圣诞老人的新发现，以及人们心目中的圣诞老人是什么样的。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：英国牛津大学的科学家认为他们发现了一块属于圣诞老人的骨头，他的真名是圣尼古拉斯。分析可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词Santa Claus在从句中充当name的定语，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
【62题详解】
考查时态。句意：他死于公元343。此处为句子谓语动词，结合时间状语in the year 343可知陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填died。
【63题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：科学家说这根骨头来自圣尼古拉斯生活的地方。分析可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺少地点状语，应用连接副词where引导。故填where。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：一位考古学家说：“这块骨头……表明我们可能在看圣尼古拉斯本人的遗骸。”分析可知，此处应用副词修饰动词could be looking。故填possibly。
【65题详解】
考查名词。句意：一位考古学家说：“这块骨头……表明我们可能在看圣尼古拉斯本人的遗骸。”分析可知，此处应填名词作动词短语look at的宾语，remain“遗体；残骸”符合语境，作此意时常为复数形式。故填remains。
【66题详解】
考查介词。句意：有故事说他偷偷地给穷人送礼物。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语give sth. to sb.“给某人某物”。故填to。
【67题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：他的名字可以缩写为圣诞老人。结合句意和can be可知，此处应填动词的过去分词形式构成被动语态，形容词short对应的动词为shorten，意为“缩短”，其过去分词为shortened。故填shortened。
【68题详解】
考查形容词。句意：圣诞老人通常被视为一个体重过重，快乐，笑容满面，留着白胡子的人。分析可知，设空处应用形容词和上文的over-weight，happy一起作man的定语，smiling“笑容满面的”符合语境。故填smiling。
【69题详解】
考查连词。句意：他穿着一件红色的外套，白色的皮领和袖口，红色的裤子，黑色的皮带和黑色的靴子。分析可知，此处应用并列连词and连接名词词组 a red coat，red trousers，a black leather belt和black boots，一起作为wears的宾语。故填and。
【70题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他住在北极，在那里他有一个玩具制造车间。结合句意“北极”为固定表达the North Pole。故填the。
【点睛】
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
A Visit to City Museum
Last Saturday, the members of our school’s English club visited to the City Museum, locates in the downtown area of our city to appreciate a large picture exhibition of our rich local culture.
During the visit, a large number of Chinese paintings is on show, all of whom are the works of famous Chinese painters. They’re all typical Chinese paintings with nature to their main theme. Beside, we watched a video about the achievements we’ve made in the last few centuries. Surely enough, all the students were fascinated to see our colorful culture, saying that this visit was really a cultural feast.
The visit was great success. Not only does it enrich our life, but also helped us learn more about Chinese painting culture. In brief, that we experienced became precious memories forever.
【答案】1.去掉visited 后面的to
2 locates→located
3. is→are
4. whom→which
5.to→as
6. Beside→Besides
7. Surely→Sure
8. great 前加a
9. does→did
10. that→what
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和英语俱乐部成员去参观城市博物馆的经历，以及这次经历对他们的意义。
【详解】1. 考查动词。句意：上周六，我们学校英语俱乐部的成员参观了位于我市市中心的城市博物馆，欣赏一个展示我们丰富的当地文化的大型图片展览。visit“参观”是及物动词，其后直接加宾语。故去掉visited后的to。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：上周六，我们学校英语俱乐部的成员参观了位于我市市中心的城市博物馆，欣赏一个展示我们丰富的当地文化的大型图片展览。be located in“坐落于”为固定表达，此处省略be，用过去分词作后置定语。故将locates改为located。
3.考查主谓一致。句意：参观期间，展出了大量中国画，全部是中国著名画家的作品。a number of“大量的......”后接名词复数作主语时，为复数概念，谓语动词应用复数形式，故将is改为are。
4.考查定语从句。句意：参观期间，展出了大量中国画，全部是中国著名画家的作品。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词Chinese paintings在从句中充当介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which。故将whom改为which。
5. 考查介词。句意：它们都是以自然为主题的典型中国画。结合句意可知，此处意为“作为他们的主题”，表示“作为”应用介词as。故将to改为as。
6. 考查副词。句意：此外，我们还看了一段关于我们在过去几个世纪所取得成就的录像。分析可知，此处应用副词besides“除此之外”来表达除了看国画，还观看了录像；beside为介词，意为“在......旁边”，不符合题意。故将Beside改为Besides。
7. 考查固定表达。句意：不出意料，所有的学生都被我们丰富多彩的文化迷住了，说这次参观真是一次文化盛宴。结合句意，“不出意料，果然”应表达为sure enough。故将Surely改为Sure。
8.考查冠词。句意：这次参观非常成功。此处success为抽象名词具体化指“一件成功的事情”，为可数名词，常和不定冠词搭配，因great的发音是以辅音音素开头，应用冠词a。故在great前加a。
9.考查时态。句意：这不仅丰富了我们的生活，也帮助我们更多地了解了中国画的文化。结合语境和下文的helped可知，此处讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；not noly置于句首时需部分倒装，将“助动词/情态动词/be”提到主语之前，该句的谓语动词为enrich，应提前相应的助动词did。故将does改为did。
10.考查主语从句。句意：简言之，我们所经历的一切成为了永远珍贵的回忆。分析可知，此处引导主语从句，从句谓语动词experienced缺少宾语，且指代事情，应用连接代词what。故将that改为what。
【点睛】
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
72. 假设你是李明，第十四届全国运动会即将在你们城市召开，需要一批学生志愿者。请你写信应聘。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：第十四届全国运动会 the 14th National Games
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
Knowing that the 14th National Games is going to be held in our city this year, I am writing to apply for being a volunteer for the coming event.
First of all, I have a good command of knowledge of xi’an city and its history and have been a volunteer once. I am easy-going and can communicate well with others. What’s more, I am kind and friendly to other people. So I can easily get along with people from other places.
I’m particularly interested in this job because I want to further improve my capabilities and interpersonal communication skills.
Hopefully I can receive your acceptance.
Yours,
Li Ming
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写应聘信应聘第十四届全国运动会志愿者一职。
详解】1.词汇积累
掌握：master→have a good command of
交流/交谈：talk with sb.→communicate with sb.
能力：ability→capabilities
接纳：admission→acceptance
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：What’s more, I am kind and friendly to other people. So I can easily get along with people from other places.
拓展句：What’s more, I am kind and friendly to other people so that I can easily get along with people from other places.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Knowing that the 14th National Games is going to be held in our city this year, I am writing to apply for being a volunteer for the coming event. (得知今年第十四届全运会将在我市举行，我写信申请成为即将到来的活动的志愿者)该句使用了“Knowing that the 14th National Games is going to be held in our city this year”现在分词作原因状语，且该结构中“that the 14th National Games is going to be held in our city this year”为that引导的宾语从句。
[高分句型2]I’m particularly interested in this job because I want to further improve my capabilities and interpersonal communication skills. (我对这份工作特别感兴趣，因为我想进一步提高自己的能力和人际沟通能力)该句中使用了because引导原因状语从句。