（新人教版）浙江专用2022版高三一轮复习必修3Unit5Canada-“TheTrueNorth”学案（教师版）

这是一份（新人教版）浙江专用2022版高三一轮复习必修3Unit5Canada-“TheTrueNorth”学案（教师版），共18页。学案主要包含了句型公式，教材原句，词块必记，巧学助记，语境速测，典型例句，知识拓展，写作金句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（新人教版）浙江专用2022版高三一轮复习必修3Unit5Canada-“TheTrueNorth”学案
重点单词·巧记
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. chat 　　　　vi. &n. 聊天; 闲聊
2. scenery n. 景色; 风景
3. measure vi. &vt. 测量; 衡量; 判定
n. 计量制; 计量单位; 措施
4. aboard prep. &adv. 在(船、飞机、火车或公共汽车)上; 上(船、飞机、火车等)
5. within prep. 在……之内
6. broad adj. 宽阔的; 广泛的
7. nearby adv. 在附近
adj. 附近的; 邻近的
8. pleased adj. 欣喜的; 高兴的; 愉快的
9. topic n. 话题
10. confirm vt. 证实; 证明; 批准
11. dawn n. 黎明; 拂晓; 破晓
12. quiz n. 测验; 问答比赛
13. border n. 边界; 国界; 边沿
vt. &vi. 与……接壤; 接近
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1. measure vi. &vt. 测量; 衡量; 判定→n. 计量制; 计量单位; 措施→measurement n. 衡量; 测量
2. surround vt. 包围; 围绕→surroundings n. (复数)周围的事物; 环境→ surrounding adj. 周围的; 附近的
3. slight adj. 轻微的; 微小的→ slightly adv. 稍微; 轻微地
4. tradition n. 传统; 风俗→ traditional adj. 传统的→traditionally adv. 传统地
5. impress vt. 使印象深刻; 使铭记→ impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的; 感人的→ impression n. 印象
6. terrify vt. 使恐怖; 恐吓→ terrified adj. 恐惧的; 受惊吓的→ terrifying adj. 令人恐惧的→ terror n. 恐惧→ terrible adj. 可怕的
7. mix vt. &vi. 混合; 调配→ mixture n. 混合(物); 混合状态
核心短语·闪记
1. rather than　　　　　　与其; 不愿 
2. settle down 定居; 平静下来; 专心于 
3. be surrounded by/with 被……包围 
4. manage to do 设法做成 
5. catch sight of 看见; 瞥见 
6. have a gift for 有……天赋 
7. in the distance 在远处 
8. as far as 远到; 直到; 至于 
9. at dawn 在黎明; 在拂晓 
10. be impressed with. . . 给……留下深刻印象 
11. in charge of 负责 
12. dream about/of 梦想…… 
经典句式·速记
1. 【句型公式】: rather than“与其; 不愿; 而不是”, 连接两个并列成分
Rather than(而不是)take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver.  
2. 【句型公式】: 比较级+any other表示最高级
Canada has more fresh water than any other country (比任何其他国家都要多的淡水)in the world.  
3. 【句型公式】: 独立主格结构
It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres(有些有90多米高).  

1. “be+过去分词+with”结构一览
①be impressed with　 对……印象深刻
②be satisfied with 对……满意
③be equipped with 配备有……
④be crowded with 挤满……
⑤be covered with 被……覆盖
2. abroad形近词
①aboard　　 prep. &adv. 在(船、飞机、火车等)上; 上(船、飞机、火车等)
②broad adj. 宽阔的; 广泛的
③abroad adv. 在国外
④board v. &n. 登(飞机、车等); 木板


Ⅰ. 细品味经典文章
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D)
　　The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
　　The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further—changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. “We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day, ”explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
　　One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.
　　In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch”where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
　　Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)—such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
Ⅱ. 按要求完成任务
1. 写出文章中表 “人类身份”的单词和短语。
subject(研究主体), employee; engineer; professor
2. In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime.
翻译: 未来, 该团队希望能开发出一种可以一次性喷洒到植物叶子上就能延长植物寿命的技术。

Ⅰ. 重点词汇
1. surround vt. 包围; 围绕
【教材原句】
People say it is Canada’s most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. (P34)人们说它是加拿大最美丽的城市, 被群山和太平洋所环绕。
【词块必记】
(1)surround. . . with. . . 　　　 用……包围/围绕……
be surrounded by/with. . . 被……包围/环绕
(2)surrounding adj. 周围的; 附近的
(3)surroundings n. 环境; 周围的事物
【巧学助记】
Once upon a time, a king who was polite to surrounding countries lived in a castle surrounded by a large forest and having wonderful surroundings.
从前, 在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王, 他对邻邦十分友好。
【语境速测】 完成句子
①The surrounding villages(周边的村庄)have been absorbed by the growing city.  
②Surrounding yourself (让自己被……围绕)with people who’ll provide you with support can be very beneficial.  
一句多译
③这个湖绿树环抱, 非常漂亮。
Green trees surround the lake, and it is very beautiful.
=Surrounded by green trees, the lake is very beautiful. (用非谓语动词作状语)  
=With green trees surrounding the lake, it is very beautiful. (用with复合结构)  
=Green trees surrounding the lake, it is very beautiful. (用独立主格结构)  
2. measure vi. &vt. 测量; 衡量; 判定　n. 计量制; 计量单位; 措施
【典型例句】
Our earth is suffering severe damage. Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it?
我们的地球正在遭受严重的破坏。我们应该口头上说说, 还是采取实际措施来保护它?
【词块必记】
(1)measure. . . by. . . 　　　　 用……来衡量……
(2)take measures/steps/action to do sth. 采取措施做某事
make sth. to sb. ’s measure 照某人的尺寸做某物
【知识拓展】
①measure表示“措施”时, 常用其复数形式。
②measure表示“有……长(宽、高等)”时, 是系动词, 后跟测量的结果, 不用被动语态及进行时态。
③衡量, 测量的名词形式是measurement
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①It’s generally acknowledged that education shouldn’t be measured (measure) only by examination results.  
②In the old days, my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with the Spring Festival approaching.
一句多译
该是我们采取措施阻止空气污染的时候了。
③It is high time that we took/should take measures to keep the air from being polluted.  
④It’s time for us to take steps to stop the air from being polluted.  
【写作金句】
Having realized the harmful effects on people’s life and health and the importance of protecting the environment, people all over the country are taking measures to reduce the haze.
意识到雾霾对人们生活和健康的有害影响, 以及保护环境的重要性, 全国人民正采取措施减少雾霾。
3. distance n. 距离; 远方; 遥远; 疏远v. 拉开距离; 与……疏远
【典型例句】
The Internet is often used as a resource and as a tool for distance learning. 互联网通常被用作远程学习的资源和工具。
【词块必记】
(1)in the distance　　　　　 在远处
at a distance 从远处, 久远地
(2)keep one’s distance (from) (与……)保持距离
keep sb. at a distance 对某人冷淡; 与某人疏远; 与某人保持一定距离
(3)distant adj. 遥远的; 远处的; 远亲的
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①That afternoon we saw land at a distance of 10 miles from us.
②Her father advised her to keep her distance from that fellow.
完成句子
③It was difficult to get along well with her because she always kept everyone at a distance.  
很难与她融洽相处, 因为她总是与每个人保持一定距离。
4. impress vt. 使印象深刻; 使铭记; 给……留下极深的印象
【典型例句】
What impresses us most are your art skills, in which you showed outstanding talent.
给我们印象最深的是你的艺术技巧, 在此方面你显示出了不同凡响的才能。
【词块必记】

be impressed by/at/with 对……印象深刻
be impressed on one’s mind/memory 被印在脑海里
(2)impression n. 印象; 感想
leave/make a(n). . . impression on sb.
给某人留下……的印象
(3)impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的; 感人的
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①First impressions are of great significance and we should try our best to leave a good impression (impress)on others.
②Our parents and teachers often impress the importance of studying hard on us.
③You can watch a Cantonese Opera show in the afternoon, which is a good chance to enjoy the impressive(impress) performance featuring our local dialect.
一句多译
那些优美的剪纸肯定会给你留下深刻的印象。
④You will surely be impressed with those beautiful paper-cutting art works. (be impressed with) 
⑤Those beautiful paper-cutting art works will surely impress you. (impress vt. ) 
⑥Those beautiful paper-cutting art works will surely leave an impression on you. (impression n. ) 
Ⅱ. 核心短语
5. settle down定居; 平静下来; 专心于
【典型例句】
My parents hope me to settle down and adapt to the new environment of my school quickly.
父母希望我安定下来, 尽快适应学校的新环境。
【词块必记】
settle down to (doing) sth. 　　开始专注于某事物; 着手认真做某事
settle in/into 安顿下来; 习惯于(新的工作环境等)
settle a problem/an argument 解决问题/争议
【熟词生义】
Please settle your bill before leaving the hotel.
请您先结账再离开旅馆。(vt. 付清欠款, 结账)
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①In the past, he often dreamed of retiring in England and settling down in the country.
②Before we settle down to discussing (discuss) other things, I have a question to ask you.
完成句子
③She had decided to settle in (定居)France permanently.  
【写作金句】
If you watch long enough, you will see many problems settled in this way.
如果你观察的时间够长的话, 就会看到许多问题是通过这种方式被解决的。
Ⅲ. 经典句式
6. Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada. 她们不想一路乘飞机, 而是决定先飞到温哥华, 再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。 
【典型例句】
Whom would you rather have do the work?
你想让谁做这项工作?
【句型公式】

(2)other than　　　　　不同于; 除了……外
or rather 更确切地说
more than 多于; 不仅仅; 非常
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Rather than sit here waiting, I prefer to go (go) to find out what on earth has happened.  
②In my opinion, it is you rather than he that are (be) to blame for the terrible accident.
完成句子
③I met him very late on Friday night, or rather early on Saturday morning.  
我在星期五深夜见到他, 更确切地说是在星期六凌晨。
④He is more than our teacher. He is also our best friend.  
他不仅仅是我们的老师, 也是我们最好的朋友。
【备选要点】
1. mix vt. & vi. 混合; 调配
【典型例句】
“When in Rome, do as the Romans do. ” So I advise you to learn about Chinese culture in order to mix well with your new classmates. “入乡随俗”。因此我建议你学习一些中国文化以便更好地融入到你的新同学中去。
【词块必记】
(1)mixed 　　　　　　 adj. 复杂的; 混合的
(2)mixture n. 混合(物); 结合体
(3)mix sth. with sth. 把某物与某物混合起来
mix with sth. 与某物相混合
mix up 弄错; 弄乱; 混淆
mix. . . up with. . . 把……和……搞混了
(4)(反义词)divide, separate
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①Otherwise it would be almost impossible to see anything on the road in such a mixture(mix) of fog and exhausts.
②There has been a very fixed(fix)reaction to the decision.
③We’d better add in some lemon juice before mixing(mix)the flour with sugar.
④The song is a fiery mix of twanging guitar with rentless drumming.
【写作金句】
It’s much better if you can sometimes mix business with pleasure.
如果你们有时能把工作和娱乐结合起来那就更好了。
2. not. . . until. . . 直到……才……
【典型例句】
They were not leaving for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city. 直到后来她们才出发去了蒙特利尔, 因此她们游览了这个城市。
【句型公式】
(1)“延续性动词+until”用于肯定句, 表示动作一直持续到until所表示的时间。
(2)“非延续性动词+until”用于否定句, 表示动作到until所表示的时间才发生。
【误区释疑】
(1)把not until提到句首, 句子或主句用倒装语序。
(2)其强调句式为It is/was not until. . . that. . . 。
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I had always enjoyed nature and watching birds, but never really got into it until that day.
②It was not until 1927 that the first full-length “talking film” was shown in New York.
完成句子
③In its long and violent history, the Tower of London was used as a palace until (被当作一座宫殿使用直到)the King James Ⅰ.  
【写作金句】
As for me, I had never thought about doing anything for the elderly until I learnt about the festival at school. 至于我, 直到我在学校里了解了这个节日我才考虑为老年人做些事情。
3. manage to do设法做
【教材原句】
Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle. (P34)当天早些时候, 当他们穿越落基山脉时, 他们设法看到了一些山羊, 甚至还有一只灰熊和一只鹰。
【词块必记】
manage sb. 　　　　 设法对付某人
manage sth. 经营/管理……
manage it 能做到
make it 做成
【误区释疑】
manage to do sth. 相当于succeed in doing sth. , 表示“成功地做了某事”, 重在结果; try to do sth. 表示“尽力做某事”, 重在动作, 不一定成功。
例如: No matter what happened, I tried to finish my task on schedule. Luckily, with my teacher’s timely help, I managed to finish it ahead of time.
【语境速测】 单句语法填空
①I managed to rent (rent) a big enough house to take in a handful of people.  
②That’s not a hard job. I’m sure I can manage it myself.
完成句子
③In a busy world, managing your time is increasingly important.  
在一个忙碌的世界里, 管理好你的时间越来越重要。
④You won so many awards and how did you manage to do so? 在大学里得了这么多奖, 你是怎么做到的?  
【写作金句】
It’s because of this and my effort in class that I managed to get the first place in the English Contest held recently in our school.
正因为如此, 再加上我在课堂上的努力, 我在最近我们学校举办的英语竞赛中获得了第一名。

Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷)I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely (absolute) know is a door.
2. (2019·浙江高考)Parents are convinced that plenty of praise will make kids more confident, which actually(actual) has negative effect on them.
3. (2018·浙江高考)I was impressed (impress) to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.
4. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing (focus) on Chinese traditions.
5. (2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable (comfort).
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. Rather than use knives and forks as Westerners do, Chinese like to eat with chopsticks.  
中国人喜欢用筷子吃饭, 而不是像西方人那样用刀和叉子。(rather than)
2. At first, please manage to read some materials about poetry of the Tang Dynasty, which plays a significant role in Chinese literature. 首先, 设法阅读一些在中国文学中起重要作用的有关唐诗的资料。(manage to do) 
3. Mary coming back, they discussed it together.  
玛丽回来后, 他们一起讨论了那件事。(独立主格结构)
4. Can you make yourself understood in Russian?  
你能用俄语表达你的意思吗? (make+宾语+宾语补足语)
Ⅲ. 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)
We all know that we should learn to mix work with adequate rest, but it is
1. easier (easy) said than done. We have always been dreaming of visiting Canada. However, it was not until last year 2. that we managed to make it. We 3. decided (decide)to take the plane rather than train. We went aboard in the evening. When we were over Canada, it was dawn and the sky was clear enough for us 4. to enjoy (enjoy) the beautiful country from above. We loved the fascinating scenery at first sight. We also caught sight 5. of many lakes and mountains from 6. a distance. We were 7. greatly(great)impressed by their beauty. The next day, we toured Vancouver, which is 8. located (locate) in the west of Canada. 9. Surrounded(surround) with high buildings, we all felt very excited. As far as I’m 10. concerned(concern), it is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.  

核心素养　学生能在了解国内外文化差异的前提下, 认清并树立积极向上的价值观
高考链接　2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解C; 2020· 天津高考阅读理解D; 2019·北京高考阅读理解B
Ⅰ. 话题与阅读理解
(2019·北京高考阅读理解B)
　　Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids’ teeth, instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it? ” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.

　　With her dad’s permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.
　　Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore’s product—CanCandy.
　　As CanCandy’s success grows, so does Moore’s credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
　　Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilieCandy’s profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
【文章大意】女孩爱丽丝·摩尔在2015年创办了自己的糖果公司, 生产对儿童牙齿有保护作用的糖果。她不仅有经商才能, 而且向Big Smiles组织捐了款, 她愿意给他人带来微笑。
1. How did Moore react to her dad’s warning?
A. She argued with him.
B. She tried to find a way out.
C. She paid no attention.
D. She chose to consult dentists.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段可知她询问父亲是否可以开办一家自己的糖果公司, 可知她在想办法解决, 故选B。
2. What is special about CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial to dental health.
B. It is free of sweeteners.
C. It is sweeter than other candies.
D. It is produced to a dentists’ recipe.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria. ”可知她成功地用天然甜味剂制作了一种糖果, 可以减少口腔细菌。故选A。
3. What does Moore expect from her business?
A. To earn more money.
B. To help others find smiles.
C. To make herself stand out.
D. To beat other candy companies.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据末段第三句“Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. ”可知她想要帮助别人微笑, 故选B。
4. What can we learn from Alice Moore’s story?
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C. Positive thinking and action result in success.
D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。本文叙述了女孩爱丽丝·摩尔在遇到问题的时候, 勇于向父亲和牙医请教, 并且积极地思考并寻找解决办法, 付诸行动, 最后成功, 故选C。
【微技能点拨】　记叙文三个精度策略
1. 理清文章所用人称
本文是使用第三人称的记叙文, 即“观察者”的身份展开叙述, 显得语气比较客观。
2. 了解文章结构形式
本文按时间先后顺序安排情节和内容, 其优点是条理清晰、层次分明。但是在有些记叙文中作者可能会采用插叙甚至倒叙的写作手法。
3. 知晓记叙文六大要素
这篇文章的六个要素为: ①人物: Alice Moore; ②时间: May 2015; ③地点: . . . ; ④事件: 女孩爱丽丝·摩尔在2015年创办了自己的糖果公司, 生产对儿童牙齿有保护作用的糖果; ⑤结果: 她的公司很成功; ⑥结论: 她不仅有经商才能, 而且向Big Smiles组织捐了款, 她愿意给他人带来微笑。弄清了这六个要素, 基本上就理解了整篇文章。
【语用提能】
话题词汇
teenager; recommend; conduct; tooth-friendly; credibility; found; unique
短语
set up her business; with the invention of; was sick of; desire to; succeed in; be enthusiastic about; be positive about
【微语法填空】
(2019·北京高考阅读理解B改编)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), 1. whose company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. When 2. offered(offer) a candy bar, however, she was reminded that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore desired 3. to get (get) round the warning. After a long time in thought, she asked her dad 4. if/whether she could start her own candy company by recommending a healthier candy.  
With her dad’s 5. permission(permit), she spent the next two years researching online and 6. conducting (conduct) trials before she used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured 7. their(they) first business meeting with a supermarket owner.
As CanCandy’s success grows, so does Moore’s credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic 8. about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about 9. what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Obviously, with her talent and 10. determination(determine), it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
Ⅱ. 话题与写作
(2021·湖州模拟)
阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
In 1971, China’s first subway line in Beijing was formally put into operation. By December 2017, there were 171 subway lines stretching over 5, 083 km in 35 cities on the Chinese mainland. Currently, China has the longest urban railway network in the world.
The rapid development of China’s urban railway system reflects the country’s growing economic strength. The system has experienced the fastest growth over the past 15 years due to the investment of wealth accumulated from the reform and opening up in urban infrastructure construction. An urban railway system is expensive to build, with one kilometer of subway costing approximately 700 million yuan($110 million). A city without economic strength cannot develop such an expensive system.
The progress in urban railway construction technologies has also contributed to the fast expansion of the infrastructure. Subway construction involves building underground tunnels, laying rails, manufacturing trains and the operation and management of subways. It is a systematic project which not only covers traditional infrastructure building but also modern electronics and information technology. China’s railway construction technologies are the best in the world, with Chinese subway trains now exported to developed countries including the United States.
The expansion of Chinese cities has made it necessary to develop urban railway systems. Since the start of the reform and opening up, a large number of people have migrated to cities and the number of private cars has increased dramatically, resulting in serious traffic congestion. Building subways has become an important way to solve this problem.
The rapid development of China’s urban railway system exemplifies the achievements made by the policy. As China furthers its opening up, it will continue to maintain steady and rapid economic growth and railway systems will be available in more and more cities.
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Step 1　写作技巧
1. 通读全文, 确定体裁, 明确主题
体裁: 说明文
主题: 中国地铁的发展
2. 定位主题句和关键词, 变换表达方式(词性转换+句式转换)
①The rapid development of China’s urban railway system reflects the country’s growing economic strength. (词性转换)
→The fast development of Chinese urban railway system is a reflection of China’ s prosperous economy.  
②The progress in urban railway construction technologies has also contributed to the fast expansion of the infrastructure. The expansion of Chinese cities has made it necessary to develop urban railway systems.
(句式转换: 将两句用not only. . . but also连接成一句)
→Not only the growing construction technologies but also the expansion of Chinese cities stimulates the urban railway construction.  
③As China furthers its opening up, it will continue to maintain steady and rapid economic growth and railway systems will be available in more and more cities. (用with短语改写句子并提炼要点)
With the deepening of the reform and opening up policy, more urban railways will come into use.  
Step 2　妙笔成篇(适当加入一些细节或衔接词 )
The past few decades have witnessed the fast development of Chinese urban railway system both in number and length, which is a reflection of China’s prosperous economy. (要点 1) Actually, not only the growing construction technologies but also the expansion of Chinese cities with booming population and heavy traffic, stimulates the urban railway construction. (要点2) With the deepening of the reform and opening up policy, more urban railways will come into use. (要点3)
阅读填句
(2019·北京高考)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. 　1　Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?  
　　　2　They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.  
To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调)their actions.
　3　In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team’s performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM. ”　4　 
　　Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
　　　5　An A-team may require a balance—not just A players, but a few generous B players as well.  
A. It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
【文章大意】在当今的世界, 很多任务是靠团队完成的。但在运动团队中花费很多钱雇用顶尖队员是否可取?
1. 【解析】选B。考查上下文逻辑关系。前文是说“在当今的世界, 很多任务是靠团队完成的。大多数人认为建立一个伟大的团队的最好方式是聚集一群最有天赋的个人”; 而后文说“公司花数百万雇用顶尖商业人才, 花那么多的钱值得吗? ”所填空处承上启下, 具体说一个例子, 比如说运动团队, 故选B。millions是关键词。
2. 【解析】选E。考查上下文逻辑关系。根据下文“They focused on football, basketball and baseball. ”, 故E项“最近几份研究核查了天才在运动界的角色”, 前后对应, 故选E。
3. 【解析】选G。考查上下文逻辑关系。根据下文“In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. ”, 是说棒球主要靠个体, 而不是靠团队的力量, 棒球与足球和篮球不同, 故选G。individual是关键词。
4. 【解析】选D。考查上下文逻辑关系。根据上文“Young children learning to play team sports are often told”以及所举的例子可知, 本部分是说篮球是需要团队的力量的, 不突出个人, 故D项“显然, 顶尖队员并不遵守这种体育精神的基本原则”, 与前面相呼应。
5. 【解析】选F。考查上下文逻辑关系。根据后文“An A-team may require a balance—not just A players, but a few generous B players as well. ”可知, 建立一个理想的团队需要达到一个平衡点, 不仅仅需要顶尖运动员, 这其实是很复杂的一件事, 故选F。