2022版高考英语（外研版）一轮复习学案：必修5 Module 1 British and American English

[单词　拼写应用]

核心单词

1．accent n．口音

2．compare vt.比较

3．steadily adv.不断地；持续地

4．switch n．开关

5．rapidly adv.迅速地

6．present vt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)

7．attempt n．努力；尝试

8．look n．外观；外表；样子

9．criticise vt. 批评

10．standard adj. 标准的

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．When you leave the room, please turn off all the switches(switch)．

2．The climbers attempted(attempt) to reach the top of the mountain, but failed.

3．He is planning to_present(present) his opinion at the meeting to be held next week.

4．I don't mind her criticising(criticise) me, but it is how she does it that I object to.

5．It seemed a small challenge compared(compare) with the one I had experienced.

拓展单词

1．obvious adj. 显然的，显而易见的→obviously adv. 显然地，明显地

2．confuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.感到困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的→confusion n．杂乱；混乱

3．vary v．改变；使变化→variety n．种类→various adj. 各种各样的→variation n．变化

4．differ vi.不同，有区别→different adj.不同的，有区别的→differently adv.不同地→difference n．不同；区别

5．remark n．& v．评论；讲话→remarkable adj.显著的；非凡的

6．announce v．声明；通知→announcement n．声明；宣告

7．add vt.加；增加→addition n．增加；添加

8．simple adj.简单的→simply adv. 简单地；仅仅；不过→simplify vt.简化

9．combine v. 结合；联合→combination n．组合；结合

10．refer v．参考；查阅→reference n．参考；查阅

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．He made simple remarks on her remarkable achievements.(remark)

2．The reference book the teacher referred to just now is said to be popular among students.(refer)

3．Leaves are found on varieties of trees, but they vary greatly in size and shape.(vary)

4．The book explains grammar simply and clearly, because the author used simple example sentences to simplify abstract concepts.(simple)

5．They confused me by asking so many confusing questions.I was totally confused，standing there in confusion，not knowing what to do.(confuse)

6．From the appearance, we cannot tell the difference between the twins, though they always have some different ideas.As for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people.(differ)

阅读单词

1.motorway n．(英)高速公路

2．underground n．(英)地铁

3．flashlight n．(美)手电筒；火把

4．queue vi.(英)排队(等候)_

5．settler n．移民；定居者

6．satellite n．卫星

7．structure n．结构；体系

8．edition n．(广播、电视节目的)期；版

9．distinctive adj.与众不同的

1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.正式递交，呈递

2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.呈现

3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete.He added that the theater's location(位置)was also a reason.补充说

[短语　多维应用]

[句式　结构仿写]

1．compare vt.比较；比喻；对照 n．比较；对照

(1)compare ...with/to ...把……和……相比较

compare ...to ...把……比作……

compared to/with ...与……相比(通常作状语)

(2)beyond/without compare 无与伦比，举世无双

(3)comparison n．比较；对照；比喻

in comparison with 与……相比

by comparison 相比而言

not compare your strength with others' weakness 不拿你的强项和别人的弱项相比

compare notes with your classmates frequently 经常与你的同学们交换笔记

promise you a wedding beyond/without compare 答应给你举办一场无与伦比的婚礼

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2019·江苏卷)The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains compared(compare) with other animals.

②When comparing(compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.

③A teacher is often compared to a candle.That's because their devotion to work is beyond/without_compare.

[能力提升]——一句多译

和我们的小公寓相比，比尔的房子就像是一座宫殿。

①Compared_with/to our small flat, Bill's house seemed like a palace.(compare)

②In_comparison_with_our small flat, Bill's house seemed like a palace. (comparison)

2．differ vi.不同，有区别

(1)differ from ...in 与……在……方面不一样

(2)difference n．不同；区别

tell the difference between ...and ...区分……与……的差别

make a difference 有影响；重要，要紧

(3)different adj.不同的；相异的

be different from ...in ...与……在……方面不一样

(4)differently adv.不同地

completely differ from each other in character 在性格上完全不同

differ greatly in managing time 在时间的处理上非常不一样

make a big difference to your state of health 极大地改善你的健康状况

[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错

①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ )Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently (different)．

②(2017·北京卷)Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a difference in the world.

③(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the latest music albums.difference→different

[能力提升]——一句多译

英式英语和美式英语在发音和拼写方面有着明显的区别。

①British English differs_obviously_from American English in pronunciation and spelling.(differ)

②British English is_obviously_different_from American English in pronunciation and spelling.(different)

③There are obvious_differences_between British English and American English in pronunciation and spelling.(difference)

3．present vt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)；呈现；赠送；颁发 adj. 出席的，在场的；现在的，当前的 n．现在，目前；礼物

[一词多义] —— 写出下列句中present的含义

①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Lin­Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.呈现

②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City—its present population is 762.现在的

③(2016·浙江卷)They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had refused to sell to tourists.礼物

④On the day Joe graduated, he presented the teacher with his most precious possession—the picture of a bright yellow sun.赠送

(1)present sb.with sth.＝ present sth.to sb.把某物赠给某人

(2)be present at 出席

(3)at present 现在，目前

for the present 眼前；暂时

present our teacher with some flowers 送给老师一些花

was/were present at the meeting yesterday 出席了昨天的会议

get him something for a birthday present 给他买点东西作为生日礼物

[名师点津]　present 用作形容词，表示“出席的，在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的，当前的”时，常用作前置定语。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.

②Mr.Smith was presented with a watch by the boss for his years' hard work.

[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级

许多老师和家长出席了我们的毕业典礼。

①Many teachers and parents were_present_at_our_graduation_ceremony.

②Present_at_our_graduation_ceremony_were many teachers and parents.(倒装句)

4．attempt n．努力；尝试；企图 vt.企图；尝试

(1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth.尝试做某事

at one's/the first attempt 第一次尝试

(2)attempt to do/at doing sth.尝试做某事

(3)attempted adj.未遂的

attempt at finishing the task in advance 努力提前完成任务

make an attempt to leave for camping 试图去野营

in an attempt to attract more customers 试图吸引更多的顾客

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Every year about 40, 000 people attempt to_climb(climb) Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.

②Don't expect to pass the driving test at your first attempt.After all, you've been learning to drive for only a couple of days.

③The man is being questioned about the attempted(attempt) murder last night.

[能力提升]——一句多译

他试图通过考试，但最后还是失败了。

①He attempted_to_pass/at_passing the exam, but he failed in the end.

(attempt v．)

②He made_an_attempt_to_pass/at_passing the exam, but he failed in the end.(attempt n．)

5．lead to 引起；导致；通向

(1)lead sb.to ＋ n．带领某人到通往……；使某人得出(观点)

lead sb.to do sth.使某人做某事

(2)lead a ...life 过着……的生活

lead the way 引路，带路

lead you to the railway station 带你到火车站

lead him to take up acting as a career 让他开始从事演艺事业

lead to the high official being arrested 导致这位高官被捕

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2018·天津卷)False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.

②(2015·湖北卷)Questioning can lead to searching(search) for an answer.

③His amazing intelligence led him to_make(make) many great discoveries.

[能力提升]——完成句子

由向导带路，我们到达了西藏的一个小村庄。在那里，我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。

With a guide leading_the_way,_we arrived at a village in Tibet, where we found the local people leading_a_happy_life.

[联想发散]　常见表示“引起，导致”的词汇还有：cause, result in, contribute to, bring about等。

6．(教材P2)A Londoner has_more_difficulty_understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.

伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。

[句型公式]　have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难

表示“做某事有困难”的常见结构：

have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.

have difficulty/trouble/problems with sth.

There is difficulty/trouble (in) doing/with sth.

[名师点津]　在考查句型have difficulty (in) doing sth.时，difficulty往往提前作为主句中的先行词，定语从句中谓语成为have doing形式。

[金句推送]　(浙江卷)For one thing, I have developed fluency in spoken English.I have no difficulty communicating with them.

一方面，我英语讲得很流利。与他们交流没有问题。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers always help us patiently.

②You can't imagine what great difficulty we have ever had dealing(deal) with the problems.

[能力提升]——句式升级

普通表达：Everyone in this city knew him, so we found his house without difficulty.

高级表达：Everyone_in_this_city_knowing_him,_we_had_no_difficulty_in_ finding_his_house.(have difficulty in doing sth.＋独立主格结构 )

多维训练——夯实基础

维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空

1．Compared(compare) with many students in the poor areas, we are lucky.

2．For years researchers have attempted to_show(show) that television is harmful to children.

3．The book presented(present) to you by the teacher is easy to understand.

4．When Peter speaks in public, he always has difficulty thinking(think) of the right things to say.

5．Keep your English­Chinese dictionary at hand so you can use it for reference(refer) any time.

维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词

1．The news shocked the public, leading to great concern about students' safety at school.

2．Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.

3．We should put aside our differences and discuss the things we have in common.

4．In some places women go out to earn money while men do the housework and raise their children.

5．Thanks to modern science and technology, people lead a more comfortable and richer life.

维度3——查缺补漏(单句语法填空/单句改错)

1．The customers made a number of rude remarks(remark) about the goods on sale.

2．Recently people are very concerned about the rapidly(rapid) rising food costs.

3．When he opened his eyes, he found himself standing(stand) before the vast blue sea.

4．Much to our joy, his health is getting steady better with time going on.

steady→steadily

5．The confusing look on Tom's face suggested that he didn't quite understand his manager's idea.confusing→confused

维度4——话题写作

1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇或句式)

①我知道你在努力学习中文，并寻找提高中文口语水平的办法。

I know that you_are_attempting_to_learn_Chinese and seeking ways to improve your spoken Chinese.

②我非常高兴地向你提出如何提高中文口语的建议。

I am more than delighted to present_some_advice_on how to improve your spoken Chinese.

③与其他语言相比，中文更令人困惑，会导致学习的过程中出现很多疑惑。

Compared_with_other_languages,_Chinese is more_confusing,_and it may lead_to_a_lot_of_confusion while learning.

④在学习汉语的过程中，兴趣、决心和努力有很大影响。

In the process of learning Chinese, your interest, determination and hard work will_make_a_difference.

⑤和朋友们用中文在线交流是一个好办法，这会让你很容易在中文口语方面快速取得进步。

It's a good idea to communicate with friends online in Chinese, which_makes_it_ easy_for_you_to_make_rapid_progress in your spoken Chinese.

⑥尽管你学习中文时可能会有一些困难，但是永远不要放弃练习。

Although you may have_some_difficulty_in_learning_Chinese,_never give up practising.

2．升级平淡句

(1)用分词短语作状语连接句①和句②

Knowing_that_you_are_attempting_to_learn_Chinese_and_seeking_ways_to_improve_your_spoken_Chinese,_I_am_more_than_delighted_to_present_some_advice_on_how_to_improve_your_spoken_Chinese.

(2)用which引导的定语从句改写句③

Compared_with_other_languages,_Chinese_is_more_confusing,_which_may_lead_to_a_lot_of_confusion_while_learning.

3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：obviously, therefore, in addition)

Knowing that you are attempting to learn Chinese and seeking ways to improve your spoken Chinese, I am more than delighted to present some advice on how to improve your spoken Chinese.Obviously, compared with other languages, Chinese is more confusing, which may lead to a lot of confusion while learning.Therefore, in the process of learning Chinese, your interest, determination and hard work will make a difference.In addition, it's a good idea to communicate with friends online in Chinese, which makes it easy for you to make rapid progress in your spoken Chinese.Although you may have some difficulty in learning Chinese, never give up practising.