高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration导学案

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration导学案，共4页。学案主要包含了学习目标，学习重难点，学习过程等内容，欢迎下载使用。

【学习目标】
1. Learn the structure, functins and features f infinitives.
2. Learn t summarize sme rules abut infinitives t shw purpse and mdify.
3. Learn t use infinitives in ral and writing English.
【学习重难点】
1. Learn t summarize sme rules abut infinitives t shw purpse and mdify.
2. Learn t use infinitives in ral and writing English.
【学习过程】
Step 1 Lead in---Pair wrk
Lk at the fllwing sentences and fcus n the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functins.
1. I trained fr a lng time t fly airplanes as a fighter pilt.
（作_______）
2. As we all knw, an astrnaut needs t be healthy and calm in rder t wrk in space.
（作_______）
3. First f all, yu must be intelligent enugh t get a related cllege degree.
（作_______）
4. Sme scientist were determined t help humans realize their dream t explre space.
（作_______）
5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld t g int space.
（作_______）
Summary:
1.不定式的结构：_______________。
2.分析上面的句子，我们知道在描述太空探索时，动词不定式不仅可以用来表______，还可以用来作_______，表_______。
Step 2 Functins f infinitives as attribute
Rewrite the sentences by using infinitives as attribute.
1. In 2003, Yuri Malenchenk became the first persn wh gt married in space.
In 2003, Yuri Malenchenk became the first persn ________ in space.
2. Mankind has always been curius abut the universe and many peple have dreamed that ne day they wuld fly int space.
Mankind has always been curius abut the universe and many peple have dream ______________ space.
3. But Janis Adkins has the ability and desire that he can d sme useful wrk fr the disabled.
But Janis Adkins has the ability and desire ______________ fr the disabled.
4. I usually have a lt f meetings which I have t attend next week.
I usually have a lt f meetings______________.
5. We need smene wh can g and ask fr a dctr.
We need smene _____________________.
6. Andersn gave her his suggestin that she shuld insist n her task.
Andersn gave her his suggestin _____________________.
Summary:
动词不定式用作定语，放在被修饰的名词后面。
1.动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，表示尚未发生的动作。We have much hmewrk t d tnight.
2.名词前有first, last, next, nly等词以及最高级修饰时，其后要用动词不定式。
She was the first wman t win the gld medal in the Olympic Games.
3.抽象名词attempt, ability, chance, desire, determinatin, decisin, plan, way或不定代词smething, nthing等后面常用不定式作后置定语。
Janis Adkins has the ability and desire t d useful wrk.
4.当名词与定语之间存在动宾关系时。
She is a nice persn t wrk with.
5.当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时。
We must find a persn t d the jb.
6.当名词与定语有同位关系时。
We gt the rder t leave the city.
Step 3 Practice
(1) The airprt ______________ (cmplete) next year will help prmte turism in this area.
(2) D yu have anything _____ (d) tnight?
(3) The best way __________ (imprve) yur English is t jin an English club.
(4) Miss Liu is a very nice persn__________ (wrk) with.
(5) China is the third cuntry in the wrld__________ (send) men int space.
(6) Mary had great determinatin _____________ (achieve) her gal.
(7) The German girl has the ability ___________ (learn) Chinese well.
(8) I have smething imprtant __________ (tell) yu.
Step 4 Functins f infinitives as purpse adverbial
Rewrite the sentences by using infinitives as purpse adverbial.
1. In space, astrnauts cllect all dirty water s that it can be recycled fr later use.
In space, astrnauts cllect all dirty water ___________it fr later use.
2. Astrnauts’ bnes and muscles can get very weak in space due t the lack f gravity, s they need t exercise every day, which will help them stay healthy.
Astrnauts’ bnes and muscles can get very weak in space due t the lack f gravity, s they need t exercise every day ___________.
3. Astrnauts have t use tape t stick everything dwn while wrking in space because everything wuld flat ff therwise.
Astrnauts have t use tape t stick everything dwn while wrking in space ___________.
4. During a spacewalk, astrnauts have t mve slwly s that they can keep their bdies under cntrl.
During a spacewalk, astrnauts have t mve slwly ___________.
Summary:不定式作目的状语，常译作“______________”。主要用来修饰_______和形容词，也可用来修饰副词。在句中，不定式可作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语、条件状语等，可表示目的、原因及结果等。
1.目的状语，置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调，为加强语气。
A grup f yung peple gt tgether t discuss this questin.
（1）置于句首时只用t d/ in rder t d。如用于表示否定，用in rder nt t d或 s as nt t d形式。
I walked quietly s as nt t disturb the baby.
（2）不定式作目的状语可转换为s that/ in rder that或s…that…引导的目的状语从句。
He wrked very hard t pass the exam.
→He wrked s hard that he culd pass the exam.
→He wrked hard _____________________________________.
2.原因状语, 多见于“sb.+ be+ adj.+ t d…”结构句中。
I was very sad t hear the news.
3.结果状语，多见于t…t…；enugh…t…；nly t d（表示意料之外的结果的发生）；s/ such…as t…（意为“如此……以至于……”）结构句中。
He is ld enugh t g t schl.
I’m t tired t d well.
He rushed back, nly t find the bk missing.
Step 4 Practice
(1) ________ (wrk ut) the difficult maths prblem, I have cnsulted Prfessr Russell several Times.
________ (learn) mre abut Chinese culture, Jack has decided t take Chinese flk music as an elective curse.
He hurried t the statin nly ________ (find) the train had left.
We travel n Day 2 t nrthern France ________ (visit) the Wrld WarⅠbattlefields.
When the grillas and I frightened each ther, I was just glad ________ (find) them alive.
Jin us ________ (taste) a variety f fresh lcal fd and drinks.
Step 5 Mre abut infinitive as purpse adverbial
现在分词与不定式作结果状语的区别
（1）动词不定式作结果状语强调的是一种意想不到的结果。
Anxiusly, she tk the dress ut f the package and tried it n, nly t find it didn’t fit.
（2）现在分词作结果状语强调的是一种顺承的，必然造成的结果。
His father passed away, leaving him a little mney.