2020-2021学年Unit 2 Iconic Attractions学案

这是一份2020-2021学年Unit 2 Iconic Attractions学案，共21页。学案主要包含了即学活用，易混辨析，要点拾遗，文章大意等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Unit 2　Iconic Attractions
Reading and Thinking
词汇积淀·素养初探
Ⅰ. 根据语境写出正确的单词
1. iconic (符号的) fictional characters and real people
2. the foundation(基础) of a new state
3. a purely political (政治的) decision
4. a small town located (位于) 30 miles south of Chicago
5. a small village near the equator (赤道)
6. a barbecue (户外烧烤) sausage
7. A smell of bread drifted from some distant bakery (面包店).
8. open a joint (共同的) account
9. a fat butcher (肉贩)
10. one of the country’s premier (最著名的)chefs
11. a herb (药草) garden
12. a hollow (中空的) ball
13. vibrate (振动) the house
14. to sound your horn (号)
15. tuned to the same pitch (音高)
16. a straightforward (坦率的) process
17. an advertising slogan (标语)
Ⅱ. 根据语境用恰当的介、副词填空
1. Located at the mouth of the Mississippi River, this city is renowned for its jazz music.
2. The builders are now beginning to lay the foundations of the new school.
3. His voice vibrated with anger.
4. The improper use of medicine could lead to severe bad reactions.
5. Many of the plants are native to Brazil.
6. A good leader is always in close contact with the broad masses of the people.
7. Older people comprise a large proportion of those living in poverty.
8. They played a part in the life of their community.
Ⅲ. 翻译下列课文原句, 并观察黑体部分
1. Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as “down under”.
位于赤道以南, 并在地球上很多国家的下方, 它常被非正式地称为“down under”。
2. Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝, 其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。
3. To play the didgeridoo, you put your mouth on one end and blow while vibrating your lips.
要演奏迪吉里杜管, 你把嘴放在一端, 一边吹一边振动嘴唇。
4. I tried to learn how to play it, but after trying for hours, I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument! 我试着学习如何演奏它, 但经过几个小时的努力, 我确信我不能用这个乐器发出音乐的声音!
5. It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
据说现在几乎一半的澳大利亚公民不是在海外出生, 就是父母在海外出生。
阅读精研·素养构建
Ⅰ. 文本整体理解: 理清文章架构
1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.

2. What is the text type of the passage?
A. Narration(记叙文).
B. Argumentative essay(议论文).
C. Expository essay(说明文).
D. Practical writing(应用文).
答案: A
3. What’s the main idea of this passage?
The passage is mainly about the writer who went to Australia to visit a friend and recorded in his blog about his travelling experience in every aspect of Australia, including its food, history, Aborigines and unique multiculturalism.  
Ⅱ. 文本细节理解: 探寻语篇细节信息
1. Choose the best answer.
(1)What does the phrase“down under” mean?
A. Australia is surrounded by oceans.
B. Australia lies to the south of the equator.
C. Australia will be swallowed by rising sea water.
D. Australia has a lower ground level than other countries.
(2)What is the focus of the Aborigines’ music?
A. Love. 　　B. Nature. 　　C. History. 　　D. Food.
(3)How can a player change pitch when playing the didgeridoo?
A. By changing his mouth shapes.
B. By breathing in more air.
C. By pressing the finger holes.
D. By closing his mouth tightly.
(4)What impressed the writer most in Australia?
A. Its grand iconic sites.
B. Its unique animals.
C. Its various cultures.
D. Its different minorities.
(5)Why does the writer mention the slogan in the end?
A. To show his disappointment at travelling.
B. To praise the effect of the advertising.
C. To remind visitors not to go to Australia.
D. To stress the beauty of Australia.
答案: (1)～(5)BBACD
2. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.

Ⅲ. 文本素养提升: 阅读技能综合运用
1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句
(1)Since I arrived, my friend has brought me to my first open-air barbecue and has also shared many different but yummy meals with me, so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food!
分析:
Since I arrived, my friend has brought me to my first  
　时间状语从句　主语　 　 谓语　 宾语　 状语
open-air barbecue and has also shared  
　 　　　　　　　　　　谓语
many different but yummy meals with me, so my first 
　　　　 宾语　　　　　　　　　　　　　　主语
impressions of Australia have been all about food!  
　　　　　　　　　　　　　谓语　　　　宾语
译文: 自从我到达以后, 我的朋友就带我去参加了我的第一次露天烧烤, 还和我分享了许多不同但很美味的饭菜, 所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象就是食物!
(2)Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture, minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture, with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants.
分析:
Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been 
　　　　　　　　　　让步状语从句
Western culture, minority cultures have also played a part in 
　　　　　　　　　　 主语　　　　　　谓语
shaping the unique Australian culture, with many of the new  
　　　　　　　　宾语
cultural influences contributed by immigrants.  
　　　　　with复合结构作状语
译文: 尽管1788年以来主要的文化影响是西方文化, 但少数民族文化也在塑造澳大利亚独特的文化方面发挥了作用, 许多新的文化影响都是由移民促成的。
2. 阅读主题活动
(1)What do we know about the Sunday roast?
The Sunday roast originated in England and was no doubt introduced in the very early days of the Australian life. Traditionally, this dish is made with beef but it is evident that Australians have made closer friends with the roast lamb, which has since become an Australian staple.  
Nowadays, a lamb roast is more common than a beef roast and has become synonymous with many Australia Day celebrations and a sense of national pride.  
(2)Why were the Aborigines in close contact with nature?
The Aborigines were hunter-gatherers who grew no crops and did not domesticate animals, so they were directly dependent on their natural environment. They employed agricultural practices that were far too sophisticated to be characterized as hunting and gathering. The Aborigines, though nomadic, had a very strong sense of attachment to sites and areas in their home territory, where most of their hunting and gathering was done.  
(3)What problems do the Aborigines face?
Ever since the British first invaded, the Aborigines have had their land stolen from them or destroyed. Most is still to be returned today, and the loss of their land has had a devastating social and physical impact on the Aborigines.  
The initial invasions also sparked huge waves of disease that killed thousands—many others were massacred. In just over one hundred years from the first invasion of their land, their numbers were reduced from up to an estimated one million to only 60, 000.  
要点精研·素养奠基
1. located adj. 位于
*Mother finally located the children in the attic.
母亲终于在阁楼找到了孩子们。
*Quickly he located the trouble in the engine and set it right.
他很快找出并排除了发动机的故障。
*Geographically, that country is located in the Southern Hemisphere.
从地理上说, 那个国家位于南半球。

locate sb. in/at. . . 　　　发现某人在某处
locate in sth. 在……定居
be located in/on 坐落于某处

　【即学活用】语法填空
(1)The kitchen is located in the basement.
(2)The store is located on the main street.
(3)Located in Sichuan Province, the area is renowned for its dreamlike scenery and abundant natural resources.
2. joint n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所); 关节adj. 联合的; 共同的
*Bakeries, fast-food joints, butcher shops, cafes, and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world.
面包店、快餐店、肉店、咖啡馆和各处的餐馆都提供了世界上最好的食物体验。
*We did it together; it was a joint effort.
这是我们一起干的, 是共同努力的结果。
*There was something out of joint in the situation. Something was strange.
情况有点儿不太正常。有些事有点儿古怪。
*They found themselves a little bit out of joint with us.
他们发觉同我们在一起有点不自在。

joint effort　　　　　　　　　　　共同的努力
out of joint 混乱, 紊乱
out of joint with 与……不相称
put somebody’s nose out of joint 使某人恼火

【即学活用】
(1)As you become older, your joints get stiffer.
随着你的年龄增加, 你的关节就会变僵硬。
(2)All things there are out of joint.  
那里的一切都乱七八糟。
(3)We recognize that global warming should be reduced by our joint effort.  
我们认识到, 减轻全球变暖需要我们共同的努力。
3. hollow adj. 中空的; 空心的
*I don’t like to hear his hollow words.
我不喜欢听他那些空洞的话。
*This tree trunk sounds hollow.
这棵树的树干敲起来声音发空。
*African countries cannot build on a foundation of hollow promises.
非洲国家无法靠虚伪的允诺进行建设。

hollow pipe 　　　　　空心管子
hollow words 空洞的言语
hollow laugh 虚伪的笑
hollow promises 虚伪的允诺

【易混辨析】“空无一物”也不同
empty“里面没有东西”“一无所有”
具有“空无一物”的隐含意义, 可以用来描绘box, vessel, cupboard, bag, purse, room, house, street, stomach, head 等词
vacant“闲着的”“无人占据的”
着重指临时性的情况, 如vacant seat, vacant apartment, vacant position等
hollow“空心的”“中空的”“空洞的”“下陷的”
常与tree, ball, cheeks, voice, sound, words, promises等词连用, 既可用以指实物的“中空”, 亦可指 words, promises, compliments的“虚假”, 用于后者时是比喻意义
【即学活用】
(1)Better than a thousand hollow words is one word that brings peace.  
一个能够带来平静的词语也比一千个空洞的词语更好。
(2)Murray Pick’s hollow laugh had no happiness in it.  
默里·皮克的干笑里没有一点快乐。
(3)Will their good intentions become realities or hollow promises?  
他们的好意会变为现实呢还是成为虚伪的允诺?
4. vibrate vt. &vi. (使)振动
*The sea began to vibrate with waves that spread out in a circle.
大海开始振动, 波浪一圈一圈地向外发散。
*The leaves were vibrating in the breeze.
树叶在微风中抖动。
*She seems to vibrate with enthusiasm.
她似乎浑身热情奔腾。

vibrate with 　　　　因……而激动
vibrate in the breeze 在微风中抖动

【即学活用】(1)语法填空
The atmosphere seemed to vibrate with tension.
(2)The air in the desert seemed to vibrate in the midday heat.  
沙漠里的空气在正午时刻被热气熏蒸得颤动起来。
5. pitch n. 音高
*The didgeridoo player has to change the shape of his mouth in order to change pitch.
迪吉里杜管的吹奏者必须改变他的嘴的形状来改变音高。
*If everyone pitches in, we’ll soon have the job finished.
要是人人动手, 这工作马上就能完成。
*He has pitched his ball into our house.
他将球扔进了我们的房子。
*Fearlessly Jim pitched into his attackers, who soon all lay unconscious on the ground. 吉姆勇敢地还击了袭击他的人, 不久他们都倒在地上不省人事。
*They pitched two members out for failing to pay the money they owed.
他们把两名因未交纳所欠款项的会员开除了。

pitch　　　　　　vt. &vi. 扔, 投
pitch in 加入, 投入
pitch into sb. 批评某人, 攻击某人
pitch out 开除, 逐出

【即学活用】
(1)If I really pitch in, I may be able to finish my paper before the deadline.  
如果我加紧工作, 我也许就能在限期以前完成我的论文。
(2)The boat suddenly rocked and pitched him into the water.  
小船突然摇晃起来, 把他甩进水里。
(3)Let’s pitch the drunkard out.  
我们来把这个醉鬼扔出去。
6. make up 组成; 化妆; 补充; 和解; 编造, 虚构
*After being here for a while, my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation.
在这里待了一段时间后, 我印象最深的是这个国家复杂的民族和文化的融合。
*Six women and nineteen men make up the committee.
六位妇女和十九位男士组成了这个委员会。
*Looking through the mist, I could make out the figure of a woman standing under the street lamp.
透过薄雾, 我能看到路灯下一个女人站着的身影。
*He tried to make up for all the trouble he had caused.
他设法弥补他所造成的一切麻烦。
*He asked the tailor to make over his trousers.
他叫裁缝修改了一下他的裤子。

make out 　　　　　　辨别, 理解
make up for 补偿, 弥补
make over 修改, 改造; 转让

　【即学活用】(1)语法填空
He has been made over into a new man.
(2)It was so foggy that the driver could hardly make out the way ahead.  
浓雾弥漫, 司机看不清前面的路。
(3)We must work hard now to make up for lost time.  
我们现在必须努力工作以弥补失去的时间。
(4)He made up a story without any foundation.  
他所说的故事毫无根据, 纯属虚构。
(5)She chose Maggie to make her up for her engagement photographs.
她选择玛吉在拍订婚照的时候为她化妆。

1. China shared the complete genome sequence of the novel coronavirus with the world once it had been identified, which laid a solid foundation for global efforts on vaccine development.
中国已鉴定出新冠状病毒全基因组序列, 为全球疫苗研发奠定了坚实的基础。
2. A Chinese envoy to United Nations on Wednesday called on the US government to focus on saving American lives instead of “blame-shifting” to serve its political purposes.
一位中国驻联合国特使周三呼吁美国政府专注于拯救美国人的生命, 而不是“推卸责任”, 以达到其政治目的。
3. Slogans like “Food is gift from nature, let’s not waste! ” are set almost everywhere a customer can see, from walls to tables at the restaurant.
像“食物是大自然的礼物, 我们不要浪费! ”这样的标语, 几乎在所有顾客能看到的地方, 从墙壁到餐馆的桌子上都有。
4. New Zealand is a South Pacific country located midway between the Equator and the South Pole.
新西兰是一个南太平洋国家, 位于赤道和南极之间。
5. Most importantly, it heralds greater optimism after four years of global urgency. “The signing of RCEP, ” said China’s premier Li Keqiang, “will send a clear, strong, positive signal for advancing regional integration and economic globalization. ”
最重要的是, 这预示着在经历了四年的全球危机之后, 人们将更加乐观。中国总理李克强说: “RCEP的签署将为推进区域一体化和经济全球化发出明确、有力、积极的信号。”
【要点拾遗】
in close contact with与……密切联系
*After graduating from high school, I didn’t really stay in close contact with my best friends.
在从高中毕业后, 我就再也没有跟我最好的朋友保持过很紧密的联系了。
*Have you had any contact with your lawyer recently?
你最近同你的律师有联系吗?
*Sullivan was able to make contact with the girl’s mind through the sense of touch.
沙利文能通过触觉和这个女孩的心灵沟通。

contact with sb. 　　　　　与……的联系
make contact (with) 和……取得联系
lose contact with 和……失去联系


　【即学活用】
(1)After she had become famous, he tried to make contact with her.  
她出名之后, 他曾试图与她联系。
(2)People in close contact with infected birds can fall ill and die, but the latest report did not mention any human cases.  
与感染病毒的家禽密切接触者可能会生病死去, 但最近的报告没有提到人被感染。
(3)Though they all live nearby, I lost contact with them really quickly.  
虽然他们都住在附近, 但我很快与他们失去了联系。
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1. Each complaint is analysed very closely, and if it has no foundation(基础) it is refused.
2. Education is now a major political(政治的) issue.
3. The largest palace of the world, the Forbidden City, is located(位于) on the central axis of Beijing city.
4. Every month there is a joint (共同的) conference between the two departments.
5. He is one of the nation’s premier(最著名的) scientists.
6. He looked young, dark and sharp-featured, with hollow(中空的) cheeks.
7. Vibrations (振动) were felt hundreds of miles from the centre of the earthquake.
8. He raised his voice to an even higher pitch(音高).
9. He explained quite straightforwardly (坦率地) that there wasn’t enough work for us all.
10. “Power to the people” is their slogan(口号).
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. Pay attention to words, idioms, sentences and discourses, among which the most important is sentences.  
阅读时关注字词、习语、句子和语段, 其中句子最为重要。
2. Located in the southwest of China, Yunnan has become the gateway from mainland of China to India and Southeast Asia.  
云南地处中国西南边疆, 已成为中国从陆上通向印度和东南亚的门户。
3. The audience couldn’t wait to enter the gym where an important match would be held.  
观众们迫不及待地想进体育馆, 那里将举行一场重要的比赛。
4. She was sent a box of chocolates along with a letter saying she was fired.  
她收到一盒巧克力糖和一封信, 信上说她被解雇了。
5. While breathing deeply, loosen up, and stretch your limbs out, you will feel relaxed a lot then.  
深呼吸的同时, 放松身体, 伸展四肢, 你会感到放松很多。
Ⅲ. 根据下面提示, 使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇50词左右的短文
1. 龙门石窟位于河南洛阳, 是中国石窟艺术的标志性符号。(located; iconic)
2. 龙门石窟的地基代表了中国石雕艺术的最高峰。(foundation)
3. 这些石窟与自然以及周围的环境密切相关。(in close contact with)
　　Located in Luoyang, Henan Province, the Longmen Grottoes are an iconic sign of Chinese grotto art. The foundation of the Longmen Grottoes represents the highest peak of Chinese stone carving art. These grottoes are in close contact with nature and their environment.  
课时素养评价
四　Unit 2　Reading and Thinking

Ⅰ. 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确单词
1. The explosion shook the foundations (地基) of the houses nearby.
2. There are two political (政治的) parties in the US—the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.
3. A bar is conveniently located (位于) within the grounds.
4. All the planets orbit the Sun in roughly the same plane, round its equator (赤道).
5. He has acquired a reputation as this country’s premier (最著名的) solo violinist.
6. Her stomach felt hollow (中空的) with fear.
7. Every time a train went past the walls vibrated (振动).
8. A basic sense of rhythm and pitch (音高) is essential in a music teacher.
9. Roz is straightforward (坦率的) and let you know what she’s thinking.
10. They could campaign on the slogan (标语) “We’ll take less of your money”.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
do some research on, refer to. . . as, major in, on the other hand, lead to, along with, be native to, in close contact with, make up, play a part in
1. He majored in Political Science when he was at college.  
2. As is known to all, too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.  
3. People often refer to Du Fu as the greatest realistic poets in ancient China.  
4. The problem of pollution arises along with the rapid development of industry.  
5. The horse is not native to America—it was introduced by the Spanish.  
6. I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China.  
7. Our Party must keep in close contact with the masses and rely on them, under no circumstances losing touch with them.  
8. The books you read as a child can play a part in the job you have later in life.  
9. Girls make up half of the students in our class, doing what boys can do equally.  
10. On the other hand, we must guide the youngsters to correctly handle the relations between study and entertainment.  
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. What I’m trying to say is that I can’t wait to see what you are performing tonight.  
我想说的是我等不及要看你今晚的表演了。
2. I stared in to the dark and I was convinced that there was something out there watching me.  
我盯着暗处, 确信那里的确有东西在盯着我看。
3. I felt he was wrong, although I didn’t say so at the time.  
我觉得他错了, 不过我当时没有说出来。
4. It is said that the scene of sunrise is very beautiful, but I had never seen it before.  
据说日出的景色非常美, 可是我以前从未看见过。
5. Personally speaking, searching and enriching the experience of life is the real meaning of travel.  
对我来说, 旅行的意义是寻找和丰富生活的体验。

Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
　　Shelton Murray has been playing the didgeridoo(迪吉里杜管) since he was five years old. Now 22, the musician will be travelling to the United States with the Australian Chamber Orchestra for the first time.
　　Mr Murray comes from an Aboriginal (土著的) community and said his love of the didgeridoo had grown out of his culture. He was taught by his father Lazarus Murray from a young age, but said he was also inspired by his grandfather Peter Apaak Jupurrula Miller. “My father learnt from David Blanasi. Then he taught me what he learnt from David, ” he said.
　　As the youngest member of a Tiwi Islander band called B2M (Bathurst to Melville) in the Northern Territory, Mr Murray played the didgeridoo for the opening act of the Tina Arena Darwin concert in 2014. Now his didgeridoo skills have caught the attention of the Australian Chamber Orchestra, where he was invited to perform in the show The Reef Revisited, which will be touring the US next week.
　　“It’s exciting for me to be travelling over to America, ” he said. Mr Murray said there were challenges for young Aboriginal artists to break into the industry but said it is all about having the right attitude.
　　Richard Tognetti, artistic director of the Australian Chamber Orchestra, said the team was excited to have Mr Murray join the 25-person orchestra. “He’s bringing a really traditional approach. We respect the sound that he brings into the orchestra. We’re used to the sound of a didgeridoo but playing it in LA, New York and Richmond Virginia will be interesting for the audience, ” he said.
　　Another member of the orchestra, Aboriginal musician Steve Pigram, said he was proud of Mr Murray’s achievement at such a young age. “He’s coming through that thing of performing in a reggae (popular music in the West Indies) rock band, same as what I did. But he’s got to this kind of level a little quicker. Well it’s taken me 40 years, ” he said.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自澳大利亚的年轻土著音乐家Shelton Murray将加入澳洲室内管弦乐队前往美国进行巡演。
1. How did Murray learn to play the didgeridoo?
A. He taught himself.
B. He learned from his grandfather.
C. He drew inspiration from David.
D. He followed his father’s instructions.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的My father learnt from David Blanasi. Then he taught me what he learnt from David可知, Murray是从他的父亲那里学习了迪吉里杜管。故选D。
2. What do we know about B2M?
A. It’s a popular local band.
B. Its members are all very young.
C. Its tour around the US will come soon.
D. It’s a band in the Australian Chamber Orchestra.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段的As the youngest member . . . the Tina Arena Darwin concert in 2014. 可知, 该乐队在音乐会的开幕式上进行了表演, 由此推测该乐队在当地比较受欢迎。故选A。
3. What did Richard Tognetti think of Murray?
A. He needed to get along with the orchestra members.
B. He would play a valuable part in the orchestra.
C. He would face lots of challenges in the US.
D. He needed to learn traditional approaches.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第五段的He’s bringing a really traditional approach. We respect the sound that he brings into the orchestra. 可知, Richard Tognetti对Murray评价颇高。由此推测Murray会在管弦乐队中扮演重要角色。故选B。
4. What do Steve Pigram and Murray have in common?
A. They became famous at a young age.
B. They have played in a rock band.
C. They came from the same city.
D. They are of the same age.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的He’s coming through that thing of performing in a reggae (popular music in the West Indies) rock band, same as what I did. 可知, Steve Pigram和Murray的共同之处是他们都在摇滚乐队表演过。故选B。
B
　　Close your eyes and picture the city of Paris. Now imagine the city without its most famous landmark: the Eiffel Tower.
　　The unthinkable almost happened.
　　When French engineer Gustave Eiffel built this tower for the Paris World’s Fair of 1889, it was controversial. The iron structure contrasted(对比)sharply with the historic stone buildings of Paris. Eiffel’s four-legged iron archway was supposed to last only 20 years. That’s when Eiffel’s permit to operate the building would expire(过期)and the city could choose to tear it down.
　　Yet from the beginning, Eiffel had a strategy to save his building. If the Tower was linked to important research, he reasoned, no one would dare to take it down. So he would make it a grand laboratory for science.
　　Scientific research began just one day after the Tower opened to the public on May 6, 1889. Eiffel installed a weather station on the Tower’s third (and highest)floor. He connected instruments by wire to the French weather bureau in Paris. With these, he measured wind speed and air pressure.
　　In 1903, still worried that his building might be torn down, Eiffel got a clever idea. He asked the French military to conduct its own research on radio communications at the Tower. He even paid the army’s costs.
　　French army captain Gustave Ferrié worked from a little wooden house at the base of the Tower’s southern pillar. From there, he made radio contact with forts around Paris. Convinced of the importance of radio communications, the army set up a permanent radio station at the Tower. In 1910, the city of Paris renewed the structure’s permit for another 70 years.
　　This year marks the iconic structure’s 125th birthday. Over the years, research conducted there has brought dramatic and unexpected payoffs. During World War Ⅰ, for instance, the French army used the Tower as a giant ear to receive radio messages. It even led to the arrest of one of the war’s most famous spies.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了法国埃菲尔铁塔的一些历史。埃菲尔铁塔在建造之初因为与巴黎的历史建筑不匹配而备受争议并面临被拆除的危险, 工程师Gustave Eiffel通过使它成为科学实验基地而使它被保存下来。100多年来, 埃菲尔铁塔发挥了巨大的作用。
5. What does the author mean by “The unthinkable almost happened”?
A. The Eiffel Tower was almost torn down.
B. Gustave Eiffel was more than an engineer.
C. It took great efforts to build the Eiffel Tower.
D. The Eiffel Tower has served important purposes.
【解析】选A。句意猜测题。通读整篇文章可知“The unthinkable almost happened”是指埃菲尔铁塔差点被拆除, 故选A。
6. The Eiffel Tower was controversial because 　　　.  
A. it was giant and ugly
B. it would expire too soon
C. some historic buildings had to be removed
D. it didn’t match the historic buildings of Paris
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段The iron structure contrasted sharply with the historic stone buildings of Paris. 描述可知, 埃菲尔铁塔有争议是因为它与巴黎的历史建筑不匹配。故选D。
7. How did Gustave Eiffel save the Eiffel Tower?
A. By asking the army to defend it.
B. By showing its importance for tourism.
C. By making it a base for scientific research.
D. By asking the government to renew its permit.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段Eiffel had a strategy to save his building. If the Tower was linked to important research, he reasoned, no one would dare to take it down及下文描述可知Gustave Eiffel通过使埃菲尔铁塔成为科学研究基地拯救了它。故选C。
8. The arrest of a famous spy is mentioned to show 　　　.  
A. the Eiffel Tower has lost its initial value
B. the Eiffel Tower has existed long enough
C. the research done in the Eiffel Tower had unexpected payoffs
D. the Eiffel Tower was successfully preserved during the war
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段Over the years, research conducted there has brought dramatic and unexpected payoffs. 和It even led to the arrest of one of the war’s most famous spies. 可以推断文章提到一名著名间谍被捕是想表明在埃菲尔铁塔研究有意想不到的回报。故选C。
Ⅱ. 阅读填句
Fraser Island
　　Fraser Island, off the east coast of Australia, is an amazing sight. Waves of clear water crash onto the white sandy beaches. The people who first lived there called it K’gari. It means paradise(天堂), and that’s exactly what it is.
　　Fraser Island is a World Heritage Site(世界遗产保护区)because of its unique natural surroundings. 　1　 It has more sand than the Sahara Desert. Huge sand dunes(沙丘) move slowly across the island with the wind. In the valleys between the sand dunes are freshwater lakes. 　2　 
　　The island has everything—over 120km of clean beaches, rainforests, and rare birds and animals. 　3　You need this type of vehicle because you have to drive through sand.  
　　There are no roads on Fraser Island. 　4　Even airplanes land on the sand. It’s described as one of the most beautiful drives in the world. If you plan on staying overnight, you must camp out in a tent, as there are few places to stay on the island. 　5　  
　　Fraser Island is a beautiful and unique place. With everything so naturally beautiful, it will not be around forever. Everyone should see it once in their lifetime.
A. It is the largest sand island in the world.
B. You have to drive on the beach along the ocean.
C. Today the island is a popular tourism destination.
D. All hills on the island form through sand blowing.
E. There are only 360 people living there, and just a few hotels.
F. There are over 100 of these small, clean lakes all over the island.
G. To see all the beauty on the island, you can rent a four-wheel-drive vehicle.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了位于澳大利亚东海岸的弗雷泽岛的美丽景观。它因其独特的自然环境而成为世界遗产; 岛上有超过120千米的干净海滩, 还有雨林、珍稀鸟类和动物; 这里还有美丽的驾车路线。
1. 【解析】选A。下一句提到“这里的沙比撒哈拉沙漠还多。”联系下文, A选项“它是世界上最大的沙岛。”切题。该选项中的it和下一句中的it都是指的Fraser Island。故选A项。
2. 【解析】选F。上一句提到“在沙丘之间的山谷里有淡水湖。”承接上文, F选项“岛上有100多个这样干净的小湖泊。”符合语境。故选F项。
3. 【解析】选G。下一句提到“你需要这种车, 因为你必须在沙地上开车。”联系下文, G选项“要想看到岛上所有的美景, 你可以租一辆四轮驱动的汽车。”符合上下文语境。下一句中的“this type of vehicle”指代的就是G选项中的“a four-wheel-drive vehicle”。故选G项。
4. 【解析】选B。上一句提到“弗雷泽岛上没有公路。”承接上文, B选项“你不得不沿着海边开车。”符合逻辑, 两句是因果关系。故选B项。
5. 【解析】选E。上一句提到“如果你打算过夜, 你必须在帐篷里露营, 因为岛上几乎没有地方可以住。”承接上文, E选项“只有360人住在那里, 并且只有几家旅馆。”用来进一步说明岛上几乎没有地方可以住的原因。故选E项。