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2020-2021学年吉林长春高三上英语月考试卷
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这是一份2020-2021学年吉林长春高三上英语月考试卷，共10页。试卷主要包含了单选题，阅读理解，完形填空，七选五，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
I find it hard t accmmdate myself t the new envirnment at the beginning.
A.huseB.prvideC.adapt
2. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
The president is scheduled t address a cnference n human rights.
A.tackleB.speak tC.cpe with
3. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
It will take a cuple f hurs fr the medicine t act.
A.take effectB.take actinC.take ffence
4. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
The persn wh bught the huse r mved is the ne wh thrws the husewarming party.
A.castsB.shedsC.hlds
5. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
Chinese New Year is a celebratin marking the end f winter and the beginning f spring.
A.bservingB.startingC.grading
6. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
But the sprt's strange frm des place cnsiderable stress n the ankles and hips.
A.thughtfulB.cnsistentC.much
7. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
The engineers at MIT have taken it a step further—changing the actual cmpsitin f plants in rder t get them t perfrm diverse, even unusual functins.
A.makeupB.writingC.art piece
8. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
The fur trade kept nutria in check fr decades, but when the market fr nutria cllapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
A.in examinatinB.in cntrlC.in business
9. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
With great cncentratin, the perfrmer went thrugh thse highly difficult mvements.
A.sufferedB.experiencedC.finished
10. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
The bus driver had t set dwn all the passengers at the next stp.
A.tk ffB.drpped ffC.put ff
二、阅读理解
POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a pem abut hw curage, determinatin, and strength have helped yu face challenges in yur life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes: Trip t Washingtn, D.C. fr each f three winners, a parent and ne ther persn f the winner's chice. Trip includes rund-trip air tickets, htel stay fr tw nights, and turs f the Natinal Air and Space Museum and the ffice f Natinal Gegraphic Wrld.
6 First Prizes: The bk Sky Pineer: A Phtbigraphy f Amelia Earhart signed by authr Crinne Szab and pilt Linda Finch.
50 Hnrable Mentins: Judges will chse up t 50 hnrable mentin winners, wh will each receive a T-shirt in memry f Earhart's final flight.
Rules
Fllw all rules carefully t prevent disqualificatin.
■ Write a pem using 100 wrds r fewer. Yur pem can be any frmat, any number f lines.
■ Write by hand r type n a single sheet f paper. Yu may use bth the frnt and back f the paper.
■ On the same sheet f paper, write r type yur name, address, telephne number, and birth date.
■ Mail yur entry t us by Octber 31 this year.
（1）Hw many peple can each grand prize winner take n the free trip?
A.Tw.B.Three.C.Fur.D.Six.
（2）What will each f the hnrable mentin winners get?
A.A plane ticket.B.A bk by Crinne Szab.
C.A special T-shirt.D.A pht f Amelia Earhart.
（3）Which f the fllwing will result in disqualificatin?
A.Typing yur pem ut.
B.Writing a pem f 120 wrds.
C.Using bth sides f the paper.
D.Mailing yur entry n Octber 30.
I have a special place in my heart fr libraries. I have fr as lng as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, smetimes reading up t three bks a day as a child. Stries were like air t me and while ther kids played ball r went t parties, I lived ut adventures thrugh the bks I checked ut frm the library.
My first jb was wrking at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years ld. It was a dream jb and I did everything frm shelving bks t reading t the children fr stry time.
As I grew lder and became a mther, the library tk n a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and bks were ur main surce（来源）f entertainment. It was a big deal fr us t lad up and g t the lcal library, where my kids culd pick ut bks t read r bks they wanted me t read t them.
I always read, using different vices, as thugh I were acting ut the stries with my vice and they lved it! It was a special time t bnd with my children and it filled them with the wnderment f bks.
Nw, I see my children taking their children t the library and I lve that the excitement f ging t the library lives n frm generatin t generatin.
As a nvelist, I've fund a new relatinship with libraries. I encurage readers t g t their lcal library when they can't affrd t purchase a bk. I see libraries as a safe haven（避风港）fr readers and writers, a bridge that helps put tgether a reader with a bk. Libraries, in their wn way, help fight bk piracy（盗版行为）and I think all writers shuld supprt libraries in a significant way when they can. Encurage readers t use the library. Share library annuncements n yur scial media. Frequent them and talk abut them when yu can.
（1）Which wrd best describes the authr's relatinship with bks as a child?
A.Cperative.B.Inseparable.C.Uneasy.D.Casual.
（2）What des the underlined phrase "an added meaning" in paragraph 3 refer t?
A.Pleasure frm wrking in the library.
B.Wnderment frm acting ut the stries.
C.Jy f reading passed n in the family.
D.A clser bnd develped with the readers.
（3）What des the authr call n ther writers t d?
A.Spnsr bk fairs.B.Write fr scial media.
C.Supprt libraries.D.Purchase her nvels.
（4）Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Reading: A Surce f KnwledgeB.My Idea abut Writing
C.My Lve f the LibraryD.Library: A Haven fr the Yung
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shws, while mst likely cntributing t fewer injuries. It des, hwever, have its wn prblem.
Race walkers are cnditined athletes. The lngest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilmeter race walk, which is abut five miles lnger than the marathn. But the sprt's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight thrugh mst f the leg swing and ne ft remain in cntact（接触）with the grund at all times. It's this strange frm that makes race walking such an attractive activity, hwever, says Jaclyn Nrberg, an assistant prfessr f exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. Accrding t mst calculatins, race walkers mving at a pace f six miles per hur wuld burn abut 800 calries（卡路里）per hur, which is apprximately twice as many as they wuld burn walking, althugh fewer than running, which wuld prbably burn abut 1,000 r mre calries per hur.
Hwever, race walking des nt pund the bdy as much as running des, Dr. Nrberg says. Accrding t her research, runners hit the grund with as much as fur times their bdy weight per step, while race walkers, wh d nt leave the grund, create nly abut 1.4 times their bdy weight with each step.
As a result, she says, sme f the injuries assciated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncmmn amng race walkers. But the sprt's strange frm des place cnsiderable stress n the ankles and hips, s peple with a histry f such injuries might want t be cautius in adpting the sprt. In fact, anyne wishing t try race walking shuld prbably first cnsult a cach r experienced racer t learn prper technique, she says. It takes sme practice.
（1）Why are race walkers called "cnditined athletes"?
A.They have t fllw special rules.
B.They are qualified fr the marathn.
C.They are physically demanding.
D.They are burning twice as many as hiking.
（2）What advantage des race walking have ver running?
A.It's mre ppular than running.
B.It's less likely t cause knee injuries.
C.It's mre effective in bdy building.
D.It's less challenging physically.
（3）What is Dr. Nrberg's suggestin fr smene trying race walking?
A.Getting experts' pinins.B.Having a medical checkup.
C.Hiring an experienced cach.D.Ding regular exercises.
（4）Which wrd best describes the authr's attitude t race walking?
A.Dubtful.B.Indifferent.C.Supprtive.D.Objective.
The cnnectin between peple and plants has lng been the subject f scientific research. Recent studies have fund psitive effects. A study cnducted in Yungstwn, Ohi, fr example, discvered that greener areas f the city experienced less crime. In anther, emplyees were shwn t be 15% mre prductive when their wrkplaces were decrated with huseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) have taken it a step further—changing the actual cmpsitin f plants in rder t get them t perfrm diverse, even unusual functins. These include plants that have sensrs printed nt their leaves t shw when they're shrt f water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in grundwater. "We're thinking abut hw we can engineer plants t replace functins f the things that we use every day," explained Michael Stran, a prfessr f chemical engineering at MIT.
One f his latest prjects has been t make plants grw（发光）in experiments using sme cmmn vegetables. Stran's team fund that they culd create a faint light fr three-and-a-half hurs. The light, abut ne-thusandth f the amunt needed t read by, is just a start. The technlgy, Stran said, culd ne day be used t light the rms r even t turn tree int self-pwered street lamps.
In the future, the team hpes t develp a versin f the technlgy that can be sprayed nt plant leaves in a ne-ff treatment that wuld last the plant's lifetime. The engineers are als trying t develp an n and ff "switch" where the glw wuld fade when expsed t daylight.
Lighting accunts fr abut 7% f the ttal electricity cnsumed in the US. Since lighting is ften far remved frm the pwer surce（电源）—such as the distance frm a pwer plant t street lamps n a remte highway—a lt f energy is lst during transmissin（传输）. Glwing plants culd reduce this distance and therefre help save energy.
（1）What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A.A new study f different plants.
B.Benefits frm green plants.
C.Emplyees frm varius wrkplaces.
D.A big fall in crime rates.
（2）What is the functin f the sensrs printed n plant leaves by MIT engineers?
A.T test chemicals in plants.
B.T change cmpsitins f plants.
C.T make the life f plants lnger.
D.T detect plants' lack f water.
（3）What can we expect f the glwing plants in the future?
A.They might help reduce energy cnsumptin.
B.They may transmit electricity t the hme.
C.They will speed up energy prductin.
D.They culd take the place f pwer plants.
（4）Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.Can we grw mre glwing plants?
B.Hw d we live with glwing plants?
C.Hw are glwing plants made pllutin-free?
D.Culd glwing plants replace lamps?
三、完形填空
Since ur twins began learning t walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that ur sliding glass dr is just a windw. The（1）______ is bvius. If we（2）______ it is a dr, they'll want t g utside（3）______. It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently knw the（4）______. But ur insisting it's（5）______ a windw has kept them frm（6）______ millins f requests t pen the dr.
I hate lying t the kids. One day they'll（7）______ and discver that everything they've always knwn abut windws is a（8）______.
I wnder if（9）______ shuld always tell the truth n matter the（10）______. I have a very strng（11）______ that the lie we're telling is ding（12）______ damage t ur children. Windws and drs have（13）______ metaphrical（比喻）meanings. I'm telling them they can't pen what they abslutely knw is a dr. What if later in（14）______ they cme t a metaphrical dr, like an pprtunity f sme srt, and（15）______ pening the dr and taking the pprtunity, they just（16）______ it and wnder, "What if it isn't a dr?" That is, "What if it isn't a（17）______ pprtunity?"
Maybe it's an unreasnable fear. But the（18）______ is that I shuldn't lie t my kids. I shuld just（19）______ repeatedly having t say, "N. We can't g utside nw." Then when they cme t ther drs in life, be they real r metaphrical, they wn't（20）______ t pen them and walk thrugh.
（1）
A.reliefB.targetC.caseD.reasn
（2）
A.believeB.admitC.meanD.realize
（3）
A.graduallyB.temprarilyC.cnstantlyD.casually
（4）
A.truthB.dangerC.methdD.result
（5）
A.slightlyB.merelyC.hardlyD.partly
（6）
A.reviewingB.attemptingC.receivingD.managing
（7）
A.give inB.give upC.stand utD.wake up
（8）
A.lieB.dreamC.fantasyD.fact
（9）
A.clleaguesB.twinsC.parentsD.teachers
（10）
A.restrictinsB.cnsequencesC.differencesD.explanatins
（11）
A.demandB.dubtC.desireD.fear
（12）
A.physicalB.bilgicalC.spiritualD.behaviral
（13）
A.traditinalB.dubleC.significantD.riginal
（14）
A.time B.lifeC.replyD.histry
（15）
A.instead fB.in additin t
C.regardless fD.in cmparisn with
（16）
A.glare atB.knck nC.stare atD.make use f
（17）
A.realB.typicalC.similarD.limited
（18）
A.safety ruleB.bttm lineC.cmfrt zne D.tp secret
（19）
A.acceptB.regretC.enjyD.delay
（20）
A.hurry B.determineC.intendD.hesitate
四、七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sme individuals are brn with a gift fr public speaking.（1）________ D yu want t be a gd public speaker? Here are sme principles yu must master.
Peple want t listen t smene wh is interesting, relaxed and cmfrtable. T ften, when yu stand up t give a speech, yu fcus n the "public" at the expense f the "speaking."（2）________ Fcus n the speaking. Talk directly t yur audience, be yurself and make a cnnectin.
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking. Peple's attentin wanders cnstantly. In fact, mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker's message. S, dn't stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it's a truly serius ne.（3）________
Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.（4）________ And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.
（5）________ It's rare t hear smene say, "I wish that speaker had spken lnger." On the ther hand, yu prbably can't cunt the times that yu've thught, "I'm glad that talk is ver. It seemed t g n frever!" S surprise yur audience. Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated. It's better t leave yur listeners wishing fr mre than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting fr yur speech finally t end.
A. D the ppsite.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn't need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
D. When it cmes t public speaking, less is usually mre.
E. The bjective f mst speeches is t benefit the audience.
F. Take the fear ut f public speaking by fcusing n yur listeners.
G. Hwever, the majrity f peple are effective speakers because they train t be.
五、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has becme the first cuntry（1）________（land）a spacecraft n the far side f the mn. The unmanned Chang'e-4 prbe（探测器）—the name（2）________（inspire）by an ancient Chinese mn gddess—tuched dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. Landing n the mn's far side is（3）________（extreme）challenging. Because the mn's bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe, China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt（4）________ it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth. The far side f the mn is（5）________ particular interest t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters（环形山）, mre s（6）________ the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang'e-4 t find and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. "This really excites scientists," Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brwn University, says, "because it means we have（7）________ chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn is cnstructed." Data abut the mn's cmpsitin, such as hw（8）________ ice and ther treasures it cntains, culd help China decide whether（9）________（it）plans fr a future lunar（月球的）base（10）________（be）practical.
六、书面表达
假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 回顾Alex对你的帮助；
3. 临别祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Alex,
________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案与试题解析
2020-2021学年吉林长春高三上英语月考试卷
一、单选题
1.
【答案】
C
【考点】
动词辨析
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
C 考查动词辨析。句意：我发现一开始很难适应新环境。A为……提供房屋居住，留……住宿；B提供；C使适应。根据句意，此处指最开始“我”发现适应新环境是很困难的，所以划线部分的意思应为“适应”，只有C项与画线部分是同义词。故选C项。
2.
【答案】
B
【考点】
动词短语
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
B 考查动词短语。句意：总统计划在一个人权会议上发言。A应付，处理；B向……说话，发言；C应付，处理。根据句意可知，画线单词address为动词发言的意思，选项中只有B选项与其意思相近。故选B项。
3.
【答案】
A
【考点】
动词短语
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这药要几个小时后才会起作用。A生效，起作用；B采取行动，提出诉讼；C生气。根据句意可知。画线单词act为起作用的意思。选项中与之对应的为A项。
4.
【答案】
C
【考点】
动词辨析
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
C 考查动词辨析。句意：买房或搬家的人要办乔迁派对。A.投；B.摆脱，流出；C.持有，举行。原文中thrws意为“举行”，与之意思相同的是hld，故选C。
5.
【答案】
A
【考点】
动词辨析
现在分词
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
A 考查动词辨析。句意：中国的新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始的节日。画线词表示“庆祝”。A观察，庆祝；B开始；C分级。故选A。
6.
【答案】
C
【考点】
形容词辨析
【解析】
但是这项运动奇怪的形式确实给脚踝和臀部带来了相当大的压力。
【解答】
C 考查形容词辨析。句意：但是这项运动奇怪的形式确实给脚踝和臀部带来了相当大的压力。A. thughtful深思的；B. cnsistent一致的；C. much很多的。cnsiderable意为“相当大的”，与much意义相近。故选C。
7.
【答案】
A
【考点】
名词辨析
【解析】
、
【解答】
A 考查名词。句意：麻省理工学院的工程师们更进一步——改变植物的实际成分，让它们发挥多种，甚至不同寻常的功能。makeup组成；writing作品；art piece艺术作品。cmpsitin意为“成分”，与makeup意思相近。故选A。
8.
【答案】
B
【考点】
介词短语搭配
【解析】
毛皮贸易使海狸鼠受到了几十年的控制，但当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代末崩溃时，这种猫大小的动物疯狂地繁殖。
【解答】
B 考查介词短语。A在检查中；B在控制中；C在经营中。句意：毛皮贸易使海狸鼠受到了几十年的控制，但当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代末崩溃时，这种猫大小的动物疯狂地繁殖。in check意为“受控制”，与in cntrl意思相近。
9.
【答案】
C
【考点】
动词辨析
【解析】
表演者全神贯注地完成了那些高难度的动作。
【解答】
C 考查动词辨析。句意：表演者全神贯注地完成了那些高难度的动作。画线词表示“完成”。A遭遇；B经历；C完成。故选C。
10.
【答案】
B
【考点】
动词短语辨析
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个巴士司机不得不在下一站放下所有的乘客。A. tk ff 起飞，脱下衣服；B. drpped ff 让……下车；C. put ff 推迟。set dwn意为“放下”，和drpped ff意思相近。故选B。
二、阅读理解
【答案】
A
C
B
【考点】
应用文阅读
细节理解
广告布告类阅读
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）A 细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中的3 Grand Prizes: Trip t Washingtn, D.C. fr each f three winners, a parent and ne ther persn f the winner's chice.可知，每个大奖获得者可以带一名家长和一个由得奖者指定的人去旅行，也就是大奖获得者可以带两个人去旅行。故选A。
（2）C 细节理解题。根据Prizes部分最后一段Judges will chse up t 50 hnrable mentin winners, wh will each receive a T-shirt in memry f Earhart's final flight.可知，评委将选出50名荣誉获奖者，每人能得到一件纪念Earhart最后一次飞行的T恤。所以每个荣誉奖获得者将得到一件特殊的T恤。故选C。
（3）B 细节理解题。根据Rules部分第一条参赛规则■ Write a pem using 100 wrds r fewer.可知，诗歌字数要求为100词以内。所以B项“用120词写一首诗歌。”不符合要求，会被取消参赛资格。故选B。
【答案】
B
C
C
C
【考点】
标题归纳
推理判断
记叙文阅读
词义猜测
细节理解
教育文化类阅读
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）B 推理判断题。根据第一段的I was always an enthusiastic reader, smetimes reading up t three bks a day as a child. Stries were like air t me and while ther kids played ball r went t parties. 我一直是一个狂热的阅读者，孩提时，有时候每天读多达三本书。当其他孩子打球或参加聚会时，故事对我来说就像空气一样。可推断，作者小时候与书是密不可分的。故选B。
（2）C 词义猜测题。根据上文As I grew lder and became a mther可知，我长大了成为了一位母亲。结合下文I had several children and bks were ur main surce（来源）f entertainment. It was a big deal fr us t lad up and g t the lcal library, where my kids culd pick ut bks t read r bks they wanted me t read t them. 我有几个孩子，书是我们娱乐的主要来源。对于我们来说，坐上车去当地的图书馆是件大事，在那里我的孩子们可以挑选要阅读的书或者想让我给他们读的书。可推断，作者成了母亲以后，带着孩子去图书馆，孩子挑选书籍来阅读，或者作者读给他们听，因此可知图书馆在作者的生活中又增添了新的意义，阅读的乐趣在家庭中代代相传。故选C。
（3）C 细节理解题。根据最后一段的 think all writers shuld supprt libraries in a significant way when they can. Encurage readers t use the library. Share library annuncements n yur scial media. Frequent them and talk abut them when yu can. ……我认为所有的作家都应该在他们可以的时候以有意义的方式支持图书馆。鼓励读者使用图书馆。在社交媒体上分享图书馆公告。可以的时候常去图书馆，谈论图书馆。可知，作者呼吁其他的作家们支持图书馆。故选C。
（4）C 标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，文章讲述了作者是一名热情的读者，孩提时喜欢阅读，在图书馆工作。有了孩子以后，一家人去图书馆读书，阅读的习惯代代传承下去，作为小说家，作者呼吁其他作家支持图书馆，宣传图书馆。全文围绕“我对图书馆的爱”展开讲述。故C项“我对图书馆的爱”为最佳标题。故选C。
【答案】
A
B
A
D
【考点】
说明文阅读
观点态度
细节理解
科教类阅读
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）A 细节理解题。根据第二段中But the sprt's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight thrugh mst f the leg swing and ne ft remain in cntact（接触）with the grund at all times.这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。由此可知，竞走运动员被叫做“有条件的运动员”是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选A项。
（2）B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中sme f the injuries assciated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncmmn amng race walkers.一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。由此可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选B项。
（3）A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Dr. Nrberg说的话In fact, anyne wishing t try race walking shuld prbably first cnsult a cach r experienced racer t learn prper technique事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。可知，Dr. Nrberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A项。
（4）D 观点态度题。根据第一段中Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shws, while mst likely cntributing t fewer injuries.研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤。不过，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选D项。
【答案】
B
D
A
D
【考点】
段落大意
标题归纳
说明文阅读
细节理解
科教类阅读
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）B 段落大意题。根据第一段中A study cnducted in Yungstwn, Ohi, fr example, discvered that greener areas f the city experienced less crime. In anther, emplyees were shwn t be 15% mre prductive when their wrkplaces were decrated with huseplants.可知，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。由此可知，第一段是关于绿色植物的益处的。故选B。
（2）D 细节理解题。根据第二段中These include plants that have sensrs printed nt their leaves t shw when they're shrt f water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in grundwater.这就包括叶子上印有传感器来显示缺水的情况的植物，还有一种可以检测到地下水中的有害化学物质的植物。由此可知，麻省理工学院工程师植物叶片上印上传感器的作用是检测植物缺水的情况。故选D。
（3）A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Glwing plants culd reduce this distance and therefre help save energy.发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。由此可知，这种发光的植物在未来可能有助于减少能源消耗。故选A。
（4）D 标题归纳题。根据最后两段内容，可知照明所用的电量约占美国总耗电量的7%。由于照明通常远离电源，例如从发电厂到偏僻公路上路灯的距离，在传输过程中会损失大量能源。发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。结合文章大意可知文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处。并且麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物，文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。由此可知，D选项“发光的植物能取代路灯吗？”最适合作文章标题。故选D。
三、完形填空
【答案】
D
B
C
A
B
B
D
A
C
B
D
C
C
B
A
C
A
B
A
D
【考点】
人生感悟
夹叙夹议文完形
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）D 考查名词辨析。句意：原因是明显的。A. relief安慰；B. target目标；C. case情况；D. reasn原因。根据下文If we（2）______ it is a dr, they'll want t g utside（3）______.可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里意思是“原因是明显的”。故选D。
（2）B 考查动词辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. believe相信；B. admit承认；C. mean意味着；D. realize意识到。下文they'll want t g utside（3）______.说他们就会想出去，可知是假设如果作者承认了它是一扇门。故选B。
（3）C 考查副词辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. gradually逐步地；B. temprarily临时地；C. cnstantly不断地；D. casually随便地。根据下文I shuld just（19）______ repeatedly having t say, "N. We can't g utside nw."我应该会不断反复地说：“不行。我们现在不能出去。”可推测出，孩子们会不断地想出去。故选C。
（4）A 考查名词辨析。句意：孩子们显然知道这个真相。A. truth真相；B. danger危险；C. methd方法；D. result结果。下文But ur insisting it's（5）______ a windw has kept them frm（6）______ millins f requests t pen the dr.阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试，和下文的I hate lying t the kids.可知孩子们是知道真相的。故选A。
（5）B 考查副词辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. slightly轻微地；B. merely只不过；C. hardly几乎不；D. partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子们，所以轻描淡写地说，它不过是一扇窗户而已。故选B。
（6）B 考查动名词辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. reviewing回顾；B. attempting尝试；C. receiving收到；D. managing管理。根据millins f requests t pen the dr.可知孩子们是想尝试打开门。故选B。
（7）D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. give in屈服，投降；B. give up放弃；C. stand ut站出来；D. wake up醒来。根据and discver that everything they've always knwn abut windws is a（8）______.可知有一天，孩子们会开始了解真相。wake up在此处表示开始了解真相。故选D。
（8）A 考查名词辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. lie谎言；B. dream梦想；C. fantasy幻想；D. fact事实。根据I hate lying t the kids.以及结合前文作者把门说成窗户，可知这里意思是孩子们会发现这是一个谎言。故选A。
（9）C 考查名词辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. clleagues同事；B. twins双胞胎；C. parents父母；D. teachers老师。根据下文t ur children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。故选C。
（10）B 考查名词辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. restrictins限制；B. cnsequences结果，后果；C. differences差异；D. explanatins解释。根据they'll want t g utside（3）______.可知一旦我说出真相，孩子们就总想着打开门出去，这是一种说出真相的“后果”。故选B。
（11）D 考查名词辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. demand要求；B. dubt怀疑；C. desire欲望；D. fear害怕。根据the lie we're telling is ding（12）______ damage t ur children.和Maybe it's an unreasnable fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事情。故选D。
（12）C 考查形容词辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. physical身体的；B. bilgical生物的；C. spiritual心灵的；D. behaviral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行为会让孩子们面对机会时，犹豫不前。由此可知，这是对孩子们心灵上造成了伤害。故选C。
（13）C 考查形容词辨析。句意：窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。A. traditinal传统的； B. duble双重的；C. significant重要的；D. riginal原来的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。由此可知，窗户和门的比喻意义是非常重要的。故选C。
（14）B 考查名词辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. time时间；B. life生活；C. reply回答；D. histry历史。根据Then when they cme t ther drs in life可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。故选B。
（15）A 考查短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。 A. instead f而不是，代替；B. in additin t除……之外；C. regardless f不管；D. in cmparisn with与……相比。对孩子们撒谎，今后，孩子们面对生活中的“门”时，会观望，而不是打开。故选A。
（16）C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. glare at怒视；B. knck n敲击（门、窗）；C. stare at凝视；D. make use f利用。孩子们遇到机会，不是马上抓住它，而是在考虑很多问题。由此可知，孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选C。
（17）A 考查形容词辨析。句意：也就是说，假如它不是一个真的机会，将会怎么样？A. real真的；B. typical典型的；C. similar相似的；D. limited有限的。孩子们面对机会，犹豫不前，是在质疑机会的真实性。故选A。
（18）B 考查名词短语辨析。句意：但是，底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。A. safety rule安全守则；B. bttm line底线；C. cmfrt zne舒适带；D. tp secret最高机密。根据I shuldn't lie t my kids.我不应该和我的孩子们说谎。可知这是我的底线。故选B。
（19）A 考查动词辨析。句意：我应该只是接受重复地说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”A. accept接受；B. regret后悔；C. enjy享受；D. delay推迟。当我告知孩子们真相时，我也不得不重复地说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”这是一个现实，我只能接受。故选A。
（20）D 考查动词辨析。句意：然后，当他们遇到生活中的其他门时，或真实的或比喻的，他们将毫不犹豫地打开它们，然后走过去。A. hurry匆忙；B. determine决定；C. intend打算；D. hesitate犹豫。根据and walk thrugh可知当告知孩子们真相时，孩子们将不再犹豫，大踏步向前走。故选D。
四、七选五
【答案】
G,A,C,B,D
【考点】
说明文七选五
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）G 上文提到Sme individuals are brn with a gift fr public speaking.“有些人天生就有演讲的天赋。”而下文讲述的是如何成为优秀的演讲者，所以上下文之间为转折关系，所以G项“然而，大多数人之所以能成为有效的演讲者，则是由后天训练而成。”符合语境，承上启下。
（2）A 上文提到T ften, when yu stand up t give a speech, yu fcus n the "public" at the expense f the "speaking."“很多时候，当你演讲时，往往会把注意力放在‘公众’身上，而忽略了‘演讲’本身。”下文给出的建议是Fcus n the speaking.“要关注演讲本身。”与上文中的做法正相反，所以A项“反其道而行之。”符合语境，可作为过渡句。
（3）C 结合本段Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes.和后文内容可知，本段针对演讲中犯了错误给出了建议。结合设空前一句S, dn't stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it's a truly serius ne.“所以，当你犯了错误时不要停止说话，除非是非常严重的错误。”所以C项“你不需要为一个小失误道歉。”符合语境，承接上文。
（4）B 上文提到Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.“你的目标不是成为一个完美的演讲者。”结合下文And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.“就像生活中的其他事情一样，这需要练习。记住，即使是世界冠军运动员也要始终如一地练习他们的技能。”可知这里说明应该成为什么样的演讲者，B项“你要成为一个有效的演讲者。”符合语境。
（5）D 结合下文的描述It's rare t hear smene say, "I wish that speaker had spken lnger." On the ther hand, yu prbably can't cunt the times that yu've thught, "I'm glad that talk is ver. It seemed t g n frever!" S surprise yur audience. Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated.“很少有人会说：‘我希望演讲者能讲得更久一些。’另一方面，你可能数不清自己有多少次想过：‘我很高兴谈话结束了。好像没完没了！’所以，给你的观众一个惊喜。总是让你的演示比预期的要短一点。”可知设空处是本段主题句，主题是关于“在演讲时，内容不要太长”相关的内容，所以D项“公开演讲时，通常少即是多。”符合语境。
五、语法填空
【答案】
（1）t land,（2）was inspired,（3）extremely,（4）where,（5）f,（6）than,（7）the,（8）much,（9）its,（10）are
【考点】
说明文语法填空
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）t land 考查动词不定式。句意：中国成为了首个将航天器降落到月球背面的国家。分析句子可知本句含有固定搭配：the d sth“第一个做某事的……”，动词不定式作定语，修饰first。
（2）was inspired 考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子可知，name和inspire之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，be inspired by...“受到……激发”。结合句意可知，给嫦娥四号命名是发生在过去的事，应用一般过去时，主语是the name，是第三人称单数，be动词用was。
（3）extremely 考查副词。空处修饰形容词challenging，应用副词，extremely“非常，极其”，符合题意。
（4）where 考查关系副词。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，此句是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是a spt，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。
（5）f 考查介词。分析句子可知，此处是固定搭配：be f+抽象名词，相当于be动词+该抽象名词的形容词形式，主要用来表示主语的性质。
（6）than 考查介词。句意：科学家们对月球的背面特别感兴趣，因为它有很多很深的陨石坑，比我们熟悉的近面更甚。根据空前的比较级mre s可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。
（7）the 考查定冠词。根据句意可知此处特指“探测月球是如何构造”的这个机会，应用定冠词the表示特指。
（8）much 考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他宝藏，可以帮助中国决定未来它的月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰。
（9）its 考查物主代词。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its。
（10）are 考查主谓一致。根据上半句中的动词cntains可知时态是一般现在时。本句缺少系动词，应填be动词。且主语plans是复数，be动词用are。
六、书面表达
【答案】
略
【考点】
应用文写作
提纲类
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
略
1. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
I find it hard t accmmdate myself t the new envirnment at the beginning.
A.huseB.prvideC.adapt
2. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
The president is scheduled t address a cnference n human rights.
A.tackleB.speak tC.cpe with
3. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
It will take a cuple f hurs fr the medicine t act.
A.take effectB.take actinC.take ffence
4. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
The persn wh bught the huse r mved is the ne wh thrws the husewarming party.
A.castsB.shedsC.hlds
5. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
Chinese New Year is a celebratin marking the end f winter and the beginning f spring.
A.bservingB.startingC.grading
6. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
But the sprt's strange frm des place cnsiderable stress n the ankles and hips.
A.thughtfulB.cnsistentC.much
7. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
The engineers at MIT have taken it a step further—changing the actual cmpsitin f plants in rder t get them t perfrm diverse, even unusual functins.
A.makeupB.writingC.art piece
8. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
The fur trade kept nutria in check fr decades, but when the market fr nutria cllapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
A.in examinatinB.in cntrlC.in business
9. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
With great cncentratin, the perfrmer went thrugh thse highly difficult mvements.
A.sufferedB.experiencedC.finished
10. 选出与句子画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
The bus driver had t set dwn all the passengers at the next stp.
A.tk ffB.drpped ffC.put ff
二、阅读理解
POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a pem abut hw curage, determinatin, and strength have helped yu face challenges in yur life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes: Trip t Washingtn, D.C. fr each f three winners, a parent and ne ther persn f the winner's chice. Trip includes rund-trip air tickets, htel stay fr tw nights, and turs f the Natinal Air and Space Museum and the ffice f Natinal Gegraphic Wrld.
6 First Prizes: The bk Sky Pineer: A Phtbigraphy f Amelia Earhart signed by authr Crinne Szab and pilt Linda Finch.
50 Hnrable Mentins: Judges will chse up t 50 hnrable mentin winners, wh will each receive a T-shirt in memry f Earhart's final flight.
Rules
Fllw all rules carefully t prevent disqualificatin.
■ Write a pem using 100 wrds r fewer. Yur pem can be any frmat, any number f lines.
■ Write by hand r type n a single sheet f paper. Yu may use bth the frnt and back f the paper.
■ On the same sheet f paper, write r type yur name, address, telephne number, and birth date.
■ Mail yur entry t us by Octber 31 this year.
（1）Hw many peple can each grand prize winner take n the free trip?
A.Tw.B.Three.C.Fur.D.Six.
（2）What will each f the hnrable mentin winners get?
A.A plane ticket.B.A bk by Crinne Szab.
C.A special T-shirt.D.A pht f Amelia Earhart.
（3）Which f the fllwing will result in disqualificatin?
A.Typing yur pem ut.
B.Writing a pem f 120 wrds.
C.Using bth sides f the paper.
D.Mailing yur entry n Octber 30.
I have a special place in my heart fr libraries. I have fr as lng as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, smetimes reading up t three bks a day as a child. Stries were like air t me and while ther kids played ball r went t parties, I lived ut adventures thrugh the bks I checked ut frm the library.
My first jb was wrking at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years ld. It was a dream jb and I did everything frm shelving bks t reading t the children fr stry time.
As I grew lder and became a mther, the library tk n a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and bks were ur main surce（来源）f entertainment. It was a big deal fr us t lad up and g t the lcal library, where my kids culd pick ut bks t read r bks they wanted me t read t them.
I always read, using different vices, as thugh I were acting ut the stries with my vice and they lved it! It was a special time t bnd with my children and it filled them with the wnderment f bks.
Nw, I see my children taking their children t the library and I lve that the excitement f ging t the library lives n frm generatin t generatin.
As a nvelist, I've fund a new relatinship with libraries. I encurage readers t g t their lcal library when they can't affrd t purchase a bk. I see libraries as a safe haven（避风港）fr readers and writers, a bridge that helps put tgether a reader with a bk. Libraries, in their wn way, help fight bk piracy（盗版行为）and I think all writers shuld supprt libraries in a significant way when they can. Encurage readers t use the library. Share library annuncements n yur scial media. Frequent them and talk abut them when yu can.
（1）Which wrd best describes the authr's relatinship with bks as a child?
A.Cperative.B.Inseparable.C.Uneasy.D.Casual.
（2）What des the underlined phrase "an added meaning" in paragraph 3 refer t?
A.Pleasure frm wrking in the library.
B.Wnderment frm acting ut the stries.
C.Jy f reading passed n in the family.
D.A clser bnd develped with the readers.
（3）What des the authr call n ther writers t d?
A.Spnsr bk fairs.B.Write fr scial media.
C.Supprt libraries.D.Purchase her nvels.
（4）Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Reading: A Surce f KnwledgeB.My Idea abut Writing
C.My Lve f the LibraryD.Library: A Haven fr the Yung
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shws, while mst likely cntributing t fewer injuries. It des, hwever, have its wn prblem.
Race walkers are cnditined athletes. The lngest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilmeter race walk, which is abut five miles lnger than the marathn. But the sprt's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight thrugh mst f the leg swing and ne ft remain in cntact（接触）with the grund at all times. It's this strange frm that makes race walking such an attractive activity, hwever, says Jaclyn Nrberg, an assistant prfessr f exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. Accrding t mst calculatins, race walkers mving at a pace f six miles per hur wuld burn abut 800 calries（卡路里）per hur, which is apprximately twice as many as they wuld burn walking, althugh fewer than running, which wuld prbably burn abut 1,000 r mre calries per hur.
Hwever, race walking des nt pund the bdy as much as running des, Dr. Nrberg says. Accrding t her research, runners hit the grund with as much as fur times their bdy weight per step, while race walkers, wh d nt leave the grund, create nly abut 1.4 times their bdy weight with each step.
As a result, she says, sme f the injuries assciated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncmmn amng race walkers. But the sprt's strange frm des place cnsiderable stress n the ankles and hips, s peple with a histry f such injuries might want t be cautius in adpting the sprt. In fact, anyne wishing t try race walking shuld prbably first cnsult a cach r experienced racer t learn prper technique, she says. It takes sme practice.
（1）Why are race walkers called "cnditined athletes"?
A.They have t fllw special rules.
B.They are qualified fr the marathn.
C.They are physically demanding.
D.They are burning twice as many as hiking.
（2）What advantage des race walking have ver running?
A.It's mre ppular than running.
B.It's less likely t cause knee injuries.
C.It's mre effective in bdy building.
D.It's less challenging physically.
（3）What is Dr. Nrberg's suggestin fr smene trying race walking?
A.Getting experts' pinins.B.Having a medical checkup.
C.Hiring an experienced cach.D.Ding regular exercises.
（4）Which wrd best describes the authr's attitude t race walking?
A.Dubtful.B.Indifferent.C.Supprtive.D.Objective.
The cnnectin between peple and plants has lng been the subject f scientific research. Recent studies have fund psitive effects. A study cnducted in Yungstwn, Ohi, fr example, discvered that greener areas f the city experienced less crime. In anther, emplyees were shwn t be 15% mre prductive when their wrkplaces were decrated with huseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) have taken it a step further—changing the actual cmpsitin f plants in rder t get them t perfrm diverse, even unusual functins. These include plants that have sensrs printed nt their leaves t shw when they're shrt f water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in grundwater. "We're thinking abut hw we can engineer plants t replace functins f the things that we use every day," explained Michael Stran, a prfessr f chemical engineering at MIT.
One f his latest prjects has been t make plants grw（发光）in experiments using sme cmmn vegetables. Stran's team fund that they culd create a faint light fr three-and-a-half hurs. The light, abut ne-thusandth f the amunt needed t read by, is just a start. The technlgy, Stran said, culd ne day be used t light the rms r even t turn tree int self-pwered street lamps.
In the future, the team hpes t develp a versin f the technlgy that can be sprayed nt plant leaves in a ne-ff treatment that wuld last the plant's lifetime. The engineers are als trying t develp an n and ff "switch" where the glw wuld fade when expsed t daylight.
Lighting accunts fr abut 7% f the ttal electricity cnsumed in the US. Since lighting is ften far remved frm the pwer surce（电源）—such as the distance frm a pwer plant t street lamps n a remte highway—a lt f energy is lst during transmissin（传输）. Glwing plants culd reduce this distance and therefre help save energy.
（1）What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A.A new study f different plants.
B.Benefits frm green plants.
C.Emplyees frm varius wrkplaces.
D.A big fall in crime rates.
（2）What is the functin f the sensrs printed n plant leaves by MIT engineers?
A.T test chemicals in plants.
B.T change cmpsitins f plants.
C.T make the life f plants lnger.
D.T detect plants' lack f water.
（3）What can we expect f the glwing plants in the future?
A.They might help reduce energy cnsumptin.
B.They may transmit electricity t the hme.
C.They will speed up energy prductin.
D.They culd take the place f pwer plants.
（4）Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.Can we grw mre glwing plants?
B.Hw d we live with glwing plants?
C.Hw are glwing plants made pllutin-free?
D.Culd glwing plants replace lamps?
三、完形填空
Since ur twins began learning t walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that ur sliding glass dr is just a windw. The（1）______ is bvius. If we（2）______ it is a dr, they'll want t g utside（3）______. It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently knw the（4）______. But ur insisting it's（5）______ a windw has kept them frm（6）______ millins f requests t pen the dr.
I hate lying t the kids. One day they'll（7）______ and discver that everything they've always knwn abut windws is a（8）______.
I wnder if（9）______ shuld always tell the truth n matter the（10）______. I have a very strng（11）______ that the lie we're telling is ding（12）______ damage t ur children. Windws and drs have（13）______ metaphrical（比喻）meanings. I'm telling them they can't pen what they abslutely knw is a dr. What if later in（14）______ they cme t a metaphrical dr, like an pprtunity f sme srt, and（15）______ pening the dr and taking the pprtunity, they just（16）______ it and wnder, "What if it isn't a dr?" That is, "What if it isn't a（17）______ pprtunity?"
Maybe it's an unreasnable fear. But the（18）______ is that I shuldn't lie t my kids. I shuld just（19）______ repeatedly having t say, "N. We can't g utside nw." Then when they cme t ther drs in life, be they real r metaphrical, they wn't（20）______ t pen them and walk thrugh.
（1）
A.reliefB.targetC.caseD.reasn
（2）
A.believeB.admitC.meanD.realize
（3）
A.graduallyB.temprarilyC.cnstantlyD.casually
（4）
A.truthB.dangerC.methdD.result
（5）
A.slightlyB.merelyC.hardlyD.partly
（6）
A.reviewingB.attemptingC.receivingD.managing
（7）
A.give inB.give upC.stand utD.wake up
（8）
A.lieB.dreamC.fantasyD.fact
（9）
A.clleaguesB.twinsC.parentsD.teachers
（10）
A.restrictinsB.cnsequencesC.differencesD.explanatins
（11）
A.demandB.dubtC.desireD.fear
（12）
A.physicalB.bilgicalC.spiritualD.behaviral
（13）
A.traditinalB.dubleC.significantD.riginal
（14）
A.time B.lifeC.replyD.histry
（15）
A.instead fB.in additin t
C.regardless fD.in cmparisn with
（16）
A.glare atB.knck nC.stare atD.make use f
（17）
A.realB.typicalC.similarD.limited
（18）
A.safety ruleB.bttm lineC.cmfrt zne D.tp secret
（19）
A.acceptB.regretC.enjyD.delay
（20）
A.hurry B.determineC.intendD.hesitate
四、七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sme individuals are brn with a gift fr public speaking.（1）________ D yu want t be a gd public speaker? Here are sme principles yu must master.
Peple want t listen t smene wh is interesting, relaxed and cmfrtable. T ften, when yu stand up t give a speech, yu fcus n the "public" at the expense f the "speaking."（2）________ Fcus n the speaking. Talk directly t yur audience, be yurself and make a cnnectin.
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking. Peple's attentin wanders cnstantly. In fact, mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker's message. S, dn't stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it's a truly serius ne.（3）________
Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.（4）________ And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.
（5）________ It's rare t hear smene say, "I wish that speaker had spken lnger." On the ther hand, yu prbably can't cunt the times that yu've thught, "I'm glad that talk is ver. It seemed t g n frever!" S surprise yur audience. Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated. It's better t leave yur listeners wishing fr mre than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting fr yur speech finally t end.
A. D the ppsite.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn't need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
D. When it cmes t public speaking, less is usually mre.
E. The bjective f mst speeches is t benefit the audience.
F. Take the fear ut f public speaking by fcusing n yur listeners.
G. Hwever, the majrity f peple are effective speakers because they train t be.
五、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has becme the first cuntry（1）________（land）a spacecraft n the far side f the mn. The unmanned Chang'e-4 prbe（探测器）—the name（2）________（inspire）by an ancient Chinese mn gddess—tuched dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. Landing n the mn's far side is（3）________（extreme）challenging. Because the mn's bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe, China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt（4）________ it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth. The far side f the mn is（5）________ particular interest t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters（环形山）, mre s（6）________ the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang'e-4 t find and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. "This really excites scientists," Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brwn University, says, "because it means we have（7）________ chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn is cnstructed." Data abut the mn's cmpsitin, such as hw（8）________ ice and ther treasures it cntains, culd help China decide whether（9）________（it）plans fr a future lunar（月球的）base（10）________（be）practical.
六、书面表达
假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 回顾Alex对你的帮助；
3. 临别祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Alex,
________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案与试题解析
2020-2021学年吉林长春高三上英语月考试卷
一、单选题
1.
【答案】
C
【考点】
动词辨析
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
C 考查动词辨析。句意：我发现一开始很难适应新环境。A为……提供房屋居住，留……住宿；B提供；C使适应。根据句意，此处指最开始“我”发现适应新环境是很困难的，所以划线部分的意思应为“适应”，只有C项与画线部分是同义词。故选C项。
2.
【答案】
B
【考点】
动词短语
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
B 考查动词短语。句意：总统计划在一个人权会议上发言。A应付，处理；B向……说话，发言；C应付，处理。根据句意可知，画线单词address为动词发言的意思，选项中只有B选项与其意思相近。故选B项。
3.
【答案】
A
【考点】
动词短语
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这药要几个小时后才会起作用。A生效，起作用；B采取行动，提出诉讼；C生气。根据句意可知。画线单词act为起作用的意思。选项中与之对应的为A项。
4.
【答案】
C
【考点】
动词辨析
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
C 考查动词辨析。句意：买房或搬家的人要办乔迁派对。A.投；B.摆脱，流出；C.持有，举行。原文中thrws意为“举行”，与之意思相同的是hld，故选C。
5.
【答案】
A
【考点】
动词辨析
现在分词
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
A 考查动词辨析。句意：中国的新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始的节日。画线词表示“庆祝”。A观察，庆祝；B开始；C分级。故选A。
6.
【答案】
C
【考点】
形容词辨析
【解析】
但是这项运动奇怪的形式确实给脚踝和臀部带来了相当大的压力。
【解答】
C 考查形容词辨析。句意：但是这项运动奇怪的形式确实给脚踝和臀部带来了相当大的压力。A. thughtful深思的；B. cnsistent一致的；C. much很多的。cnsiderable意为“相当大的”，与much意义相近。故选C。
7.
【答案】
A
【考点】
名词辨析
【解析】
、
【解答】
A 考查名词。句意：麻省理工学院的工程师们更进一步——改变植物的实际成分，让它们发挥多种，甚至不同寻常的功能。makeup组成；writing作品；art piece艺术作品。cmpsitin意为“成分”，与makeup意思相近。故选A。
8.
【答案】
B
【考点】
介词短语搭配
【解析】
毛皮贸易使海狸鼠受到了几十年的控制，但当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代末崩溃时，这种猫大小的动物疯狂地繁殖。
【解答】
B 考查介词短语。A在检查中；B在控制中；C在经营中。句意：毛皮贸易使海狸鼠受到了几十年的控制，但当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代末崩溃时，这种猫大小的动物疯狂地繁殖。in check意为“受控制”，与in cntrl意思相近。
9.
【答案】
C
【考点】
动词辨析
【解析】
表演者全神贯注地完成了那些高难度的动作。
【解答】
C 考查动词辨析。句意：表演者全神贯注地完成了那些高难度的动作。画线词表示“完成”。A遭遇；B经历；C完成。故选C。
10.
【答案】
B
【考点】
动词短语辨析
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个巴士司机不得不在下一站放下所有的乘客。A. tk ff 起飞，脱下衣服；B. drpped ff 让……下车；C. put ff 推迟。set dwn意为“放下”，和drpped ff意思相近。故选B。
二、阅读理解
【答案】
A
C
B
【考点】
应用文阅读
细节理解
广告布告类阅读
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）A 细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中的3 Grand Prizes: Trip t Washingtn, D.C. fr each f three winners, a parent and ne ther persn f the winner's chice.可知，每个大奖获得者可以带一名家长和一个由得奖者指定的人去旅行，也就是大奖获得者可以带两个人去旅行。故选A。
（2）C 细节理解题。根据Prizes部分最后一段Judges will chse up t 50 hnrable mentin winners, wh will each receive a T-shirt in memry f Earhart's final flight.可知，评委将选出50名荣誉获奖者，每人能得到一件纪念Earhart最后一次飞行的T恤。所以每个荣誉奖获得者将得到一件特殊的T恤。故选C。
（3）B 细节理解题。根据Rules部分第一条参赛规则■ Write a pem using 100 wrds r fewer.可知，诗歌字数要求为100词以内。所以B项“用120词写一首诗歌。”不符合要求，会被取消参赛资格。故选B。
【答案】
B
C
C
C
【考点】
标题归纳
推理判断
记叙文阅读
词义猜测
细节理解
教育文化类阅读
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）B 推理判断题。根据第一段的I was always an enthusiastic reader, smetimes reading up t three bks a day as a child. Stries were like air t me and while ther kids played ball r went t parties. 我一直是一个狂热的阅读者，孩提时，有时候每天读多达三本书。当其他孩子打球或参加聚会时，故事对我来说就像空气一样。可推断，作者小时候与书是密不可分的。故选B。
（2）C 词义猜测题。根据上文As I grew lder and became a mther可知，我长大了成为了一位母亲。结合下文I had several children and bks were ur main surce（来源）f entertainment. It was a big deal fr us t lad up and g t the lcal library, where my kids culd pick ut bks t read r bks they wanted me t read t them. 我有几个孩子，书是我们娱乐的主要来源。对于我们来说，坐上车去当地的图书馆是件大事，在那里我的孩子们可以挑选要阅读的书或者想让我给他们读的书。可推断，作者成了母亲以后，带着孩子去图书馆，孩子挑选书籍来阅读，或者作者读给他们听，因此可知图书馆在作者的生活中又增添了新的意义，阅读的乐趣在家庭中代代相传。故选C。
（3）C 细节理解题。根据最后一段的 think all writers shuld supprt libraries in a significant way when they can. Encurage readers t use the library. Share library annuncements n yur scial media. Frequent them and talk abut them when yu can. ……我认为所有的作家都应该在他们可以的时候以有意义的方式支持图书馆。鼓励读者使用图书馆。在社交媒体上分享图书馆公告。可以的时候常去图书馆，谈论图书馆。可知，作者呼吁其他的作家们支持图书馆。故选C。
（4）C 标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，文章讲述了作者是一名热情的读者，孩提时喜欢阅读，在图书馆工作。有了孩子以后，一家人去图书馆读书，阅读的习惯代代传承下去，作为小说家，作者呼吁其他作家支持图书馆，宣传图书馆。全文围绕“我对图书馆的爱”展开讲述。故C项“我对图书馆的爱”为最佳标题。故选C。
【答案】
A
B
A
D
【考点】
说明文阅读
观点态度
细节理解
科教类阅读
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）A 细节理解题。根据第二段中But the sprt's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight thrugh mst f the leg swing and ne ft remain in cntact（接触）with the grund at all times.这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。由此可知，竞走运动员被叫做“有条件的运动员”是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选A项。
（2）B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中sme f the injuries assciated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncmmn amng race walkers.一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。由此可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选B项。
（3）A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Dr. Nrberg说的话In fact, anyne wishing t try race walking shuld prbably first cnsult a cach r experienced racer t learn prper technique事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。可知，Dr. Nrberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A项。
（4）D 观点态度题。根据第一段中Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shws, while mst likely cntributing t fewer injuries.研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤。不过，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选D项。
【答案】
B
D
A
D
【考点】
段落大意
标题归纳
说明文阅读
细节理解
科教类阅读
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）B 段落大意题。根据第一段中A study cnducted in Yungstwn, Ohi, fr example, discvered that greener areas f the city experienced less crime. In anther, emplyees were shwn t be 15% mre prductive when their wrkplaces were decrated with huseplants.可知，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。由此可知，第一段是关于绿色植物的益处的。故选B。
（2）D 细节理解题。根据第二段中These include plants that have sensrs printed nt their leaves t shw when they're shrt f water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in grundwater.这就包括叶子上印有传感器来显示缺水的情况的植物，还有一种可以检测到地下水中的有害化学物质的植物。由此可知，麻省理工学院工程师植物叶片上印上传感器的作用是检测植物缺水的情况。故选D。
（3）A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Glwing plants culd reduce this distance and therefre help save energy.发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。由此可知，这种发光的植物在未来可能有助于减少能源消耗。故选A。
（4）D 标题归纳题。根据最后两段内容，可知照明所用的电量约占美国总耗电量的7%。由于照明通常远离电源，例如从发电厂到偏僻公路上路灯的距离，在传输过程中会损失大量能源。发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。结合文章大意可知文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处。并且麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物，文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。由此可知，D选项“发光的植物能取代路灯吗？”最适合作文章标题。故选D。
三、完形填空
【答案】
D
B
C
A
B
B
D
A
C
B
D
C
C
B
A
C
A
B
A
D
【考点】
人生感悟
夹叙夹议文完形
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）D 考查名词辨析。句意：原因是明显的。A. relief安慰；B. target目标；C. case情况；D. reasn原因。根据下文If we（2）______ it is a dr, they'll want t g utside（3）______.可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里意思是“原因是明显的”。故选D。
（2）B 考查动词辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. believe相信；B. admit承认；C. mean意味着；D. realize意识到。下文they'll want t g utside（3）______.说他们就会想出去，可知是假设如果作者承认了它是一扇门。故选B。
（3）C 考查副词辨析。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。A. gradually逐步地；B. temprarily临时地；C. cnstantly不断地；D. casually随便地。根据下文I shuld just（19）______ repeatedly having t say, "N. We can't g utside nw."我应该会不断反复地说：“不行。我们现在不能出去。”可推测出，孩子们会不断地想出去。故选C。
（4）A 考查名词辨析。句意：孩子们显然知道这个真相。A. truth真相；B. danger危险；C. methd方法；D. result结果。下文But ur insisting it's（5）______ a windw has kept them frm（6）______ millins f requests t pen the dr.阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试，和下文的I hate lying t the kids.可知孩子们是知道真相的。故选A。
（5）B 考查副词辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. slightly轻微地；B. merely只不过；C. hardly几乎不；D. partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子们，所以轻描淡写地说，它不过是一扇窗户而已。故选B。
（6）B 考查动名词辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. reviewing回顾；B. attempting尝试；C. receiving收到；D. managing管理。根据millins f requests t pen the dr.可知孩子们是想尝试打开门。故选B。
（7）D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. give in屈服，投降；B. give up放弃；C. stand ut站出来；D. wake up醒来。根据and discver that everything they've always knwn abut windws is a（8）______.可知有一天，孩子们会开始了解真相。wake up在此处表示开始了解真相。故选D。
（8）A 考查名词辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. lie谎言；B. dream梦想；C. fantasy幻想；D. fact事实。根据I hate lying t the kids.以及结合前文作者把门说成窗户，可知这里意思是孩子们会发现这是一个谎言。故选A。
（9）C 考查名词辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. clleagues同事；B. twins双胞胎；C. parents父母；D. teachers老师。根据下文t ur children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。故选C。
（10）B 考查名词辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A. restrictins限制；B. cnsequences结果，后果；C. differences差异；D. explanatins解释。根据they'll want t g utside（3）______.可知一旦我说出真相，孩子们就总想着打开门出去，这是一种说出真相的“后果”。故选B。
（11）D 考查名词辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. demand要求；B. dubt怀疑；C. desire欲望；D. fear害怕。根据the lie we're telling is ding（12）______ damage t ur children.和Maybe it's an unreasnable fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事情。故选D。
（12）C 考查形容词辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. physical身体的；B. bilgical生物的；C. spiritual心灵的；D. behaviral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行为会让孩子们面对机会时，犹豫不前。由此可知，这是对孩子们心灵上造成了伤害。故选C。
（13）C 考查形容词辨析。句意：窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。A. traditinal传统的； B. duble双重的；C. significant重要的；D. riginal原来的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。由此可知，窗户和门的比喻意义是非常重要的。故选C。
（14）B 考查名词辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. time时间；B. life生活；C. reply回答；D. histry历史。根据Then when they cme t ther drs in life可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。故选B。
（15）A 考查短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。 A. instead f而不是，代替；B. in additin t除……之外；C. regardless f不管；D. in cmparisn with与……相比。对孩子们撒谎，今后，孩子们面对生活中的“门”时，会观望，而不是打开。故选A。
（16）C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. glare at怒视；B. knck n敲击（门、窗）；C. stare at凝视；D. make use f利用。孩子们遇到机会，不是马上抓住它，而是在考虑很多问题。由此可知，孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选C。
（17）A 考查形容词辨析。句意：也就是说，假如它不是一个真的机会，将会怎么样？A. real真的；B. typical典型的；C. similar相似的；D. limited有限的。孩子们面对机会，犹豫不前，是在质疑机会的真实性。故选A。
（18）B 考查名词短语辨析。句意：但是，底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。A. safety rule安全守则；B. bttm line底线；C. cmfrt zne舒适带；D. tp secret最高机密。根据I shuldn't lie t my kids.我不应该和我的孩子们说谎。可知这是我的底线。故选B。
（19）A 考查动词辨析。句意：我应该只是接受重复地说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”A. accept接受；B. regret后悔；C. enjy享受；D. delay推迟。当我告知孩子们真相时，我也不得不重复地说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”这是一个现实，我只能接受。故选A。
（20）D 考查动词辨析。句意：然后，当他们遇到生活中的其他门时，或真实的或比喻的，他们将毫不犹豫地打开它们，然后走过去。A. hurry匆忙；B. determine决定；C. intend打算；D. hesitate犹豫。根据and walk thrugh可知当告知孩子们真相时，孩子们将不再犹豫，大踏步向前走。故选D。
四、七选五
【答案】
G,A,C,B,D
【考点】
说明文七选五
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）G 上文提到Sme individuals are brn with a gift fr public speaking.“有些人天生就有演讲的天赋。”而下文讲述的是如何成为优秀的演讲者，所以上下文之间为转折关系，所以G项“然而，大多数人之所以能成为有效的演讲者，则是由后天训练而成。”符合语境，承上启下。
（2）A 上文提到T ften, when yu stand up t give a speech, yu fcus n the "public" at the expense f the "speaking."“很多时候，当你演讲时，往往会把注意力放在‘公众’身上，而忽略了‘演讲’本身。”下文给出的建议是Fcus n the speaking.“要关注演讲本身。”与上文中的做法正相反，所以A项“反其道而行之。”符合语境，可作为过渡句。
（3）C 结合本段Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes.和后文内容可知，本段针对演讲中犯了错误给出了建议。结合设空前一句S, dn't stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it's a truly serius ne.“所以，当你犯了错误时不要停止说话，除非是非常严重的错误。”所以C项“你不需要为一个小失误道歉。”符合语境，承接上文。
（4）B 上文提到Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker.“你的目标不是成为一个完美的演讲者。”结合下文And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.“就像生活中的其他事情一样，这需要练习。记住，即使是世界冠军运动员也要始终如一地练习他们的技能。”可知这里说明应该成为什么样的演讲者，B项“你要成为一个有效的演讲者。”符合语境。
（5）D 结合下文的描述It's rare t hear smene say, "I wish that speaker had spken lnger." On the ther hand, yu prbably can't cunt the times that yu've thught, "I'm glad that talk is ver. It seemed t g n frever!" S surprise yur audience. Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated.“很少有人会说：‘我希望演讲者能讲得更久一些。’另一方面，你可能数不清自己有多少次想过：‘我很高兴谈话结束了。好像没完没了！’所以，给你的观众一个惊喜。总是让你的演示比预期的要短一点。”可知设空处是本段主题句，主题是关于“在演讲时，内容不要太长”相关的内容，所以D项“公开演讲时，通常少即是多。”符合语境。
五、语法填空
【答案】
（1）t land,（2）was inspired,（3）extremely,（4）where,（5）f,（6）than,（7）the,（8）much,（9）its,（10）are
【考点】
说明文语法填空
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
（1）t land 考查动词不定式。句意：中国成为了首个将航天器降落到月球背面的国家。分析句子可知本句含有固定搭配：the d sth“第一个做某事的……”，动词不定式作定语，修饰first。
（2）was inspired 考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子可知，name和inspire之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，be inspired by...“受到……激发”。结合句意可知，给嫦娥四号命名是发生在过去的事，应用一般过去时，主语是the name，是第三人称单数，be动词用was。
（3）extremely 考查副词。空处修饰形容词challenging，应用副词，extremely“非常，极其”，符合题意。
（4）where 考查关系副词。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，此句是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是a spt，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。
（5）f 考查介词。分析句子可知，此处是固定搭配：be f+抽象名词，相当于be动词+该抽象名词的形容词形式，主要用来表示主语的性质。
（6）than 考查介词。句意：科学家们对月球的背面特别感兴趣，因为它有很多很深的陨石坑，比我们熟悉的近面更甚。根据空前的比较级mre s可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。
（7）the 考查定冠词。根据句意可知此处特指“探测月球是如何构造”的这个机会，应用定冠词the表示特指。
（8）much 考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他宝藏，可以帮助中国决定未来它的月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰。
（9）its 考查物主代词。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its。
（10）are 考查主谓一致。根据上半句中的动词cntains可知时态是一般现在时。本句缺少系动词，应填be动词。且主语plans是复数，be动词用are。
六、书面表达
【答案】
略
【考点】
应用文写作
提纲类
【解析】
此题暂无解析
【解答】
略
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