高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Improving yourself课文ppt课件

课时素养检测  八　Unit 2　Period 4

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

　　Do you have trouble trying to create the next big idea? Sometimes the answer isn’t to just force an idea out of your mind. Instead, you might want to try sitting back, relaxing and letting your mind wander. Yes, you heard that correctly. If you are in need of a new idea, try daydreaming.

 Researchers from the university of California, Santa Barbara, found an association between daydreaming and creative problem-solving. Their study includes having participants first do an “unusual-use task”. They had to try to come up with as many different ways to use an object as they could.

 Then, the participants chose to do one of the following four things before doing the “unusual-use task” again:  complete a difficult task; complete an easy task; take a 12-minute break; or skip the 12-minute break and move right on to the task exercise again.

 Surprisingly, the group that performed best was the one that completed the easy task. Many participants reported that they were daydreaming while performing the easy task. So the researchers believed that this daydreaming might have helped unlock their creativity.

But how could daydreaming help the brain come up with creative ways? The answer is something known as “unconscious thought”. Even when you are not actively working to solve a problem, it is still in the back of your mind. Your brain is still thinking about the problem, but in a much more subtle way.  

When you daydream, your mind is allowed to think in ways it normally would not. Because it is free of control, it can create completely new and out-of-the-box ideas.

Great ideas never come easily, but that does not mean you always have to work hard to get them. Feel free to do what you want and let your mind wander.

 【语篇概述】本文是一篇议论文。这篇文章主要是想告诉我们白日梦是一种提高创造力的方法。

 1. The “unusual-use task” in Paragraph 2 means that participants _______.  

 A. complete an easy task

 B. complete a very difficult task

 C. take a 12-minute break

 D. think of various ways to use an object

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中Their study includes having participants first do an “unusual-use task”. They had to try to come up with as many different ways to use an object as they could. 可知,他们必须设法想出尽可能多的不同的方法来使用一个物体。

 2. Why did the participants who completed the easy task perform best?

 A. They were not actively working to solve the easy task.

 B. They daydreamed and it helped them be more creative.

 C. They were daydreaming while performing the difficult task.

 D. They skipped the 12-minute break to complete the task again.

 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段第二句 Many participants reported that they were daydreaming while performing the easy task. So the researchers believed that this daydreaming might have helped unlock their creativity. (很多参与者说他们既做了梦又轻松完成了工作。因此,研究人员认为这种白日梦有助于释放创造力。)可知,因为参与者白天做梦有助于解放创造力所以他们是表现最好的。

 3. What does the underlined phrase “unconscious thought” in Paragraph 5 mean?

 A. Your brain wanders in a subtle way within your control.

 B. Your brain knows clearly what you’re thinking and doing.

 C. Your brain is thinking about a problem outside of your awareness.

 D. Your brain refuses to receive any information from the outside world.

 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据画线词下文内容Even when you are not actively working to solve a problem,it is still in the back of your mind. Your brain is still thinking about the problem,but in a much more subtle way. (即使你没有积极地去解决一个问题,它仍然在你的脑海中。你的大脑仍然在思考这个问题,但是以一种更微妙的方式。)可知画线词的意思是“你的大脑正在思考一个超出你意识的问题。”

 4. The passage mainly wants to tell us that _______.  

 A. brainstorming is important to creative ideas

 B. daydreaming is a way to improve creativity

 C. problem-solving skills are important in our lives

 D. the more we exercise brains, the more ideas we’ll get

 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句If you are in need of a new idea,try daydreaming. 可知,这篇文章主要是想告诉我们白日梦是一种提高创造力的方法。故选B。

 Ⅱ. 完形填空

Culture shock is a complex topic, but I’m a simple man with simple perspectives. So my experience of foreign culture boils down to three basic stages:  anger, acceptance and appreciation. 

When I began my life in China, I was often filled with frustration and 　1　 over the way things were. Things were seen as clearly “　2　”and I rejected the view of there being other ways of doing things. Afterwards I came to　3　 different ways of doing things but still saw my own ways as superior.  My views were still heavily coloured by 　4　 and I often accepted situations I felt 　5　 by simply saying the phrase “That’s in China. ” 　6　 China was a backward country that simply didn’t do things correctly. Finally, however, I came to understand and appreciate the new 　7　 and ways of doing things,sometimes using them as effectively as the　8　. For example, fish is never 　9　 with the head in my country,thus my feelings went from “Ugh!I can’t eat this!The fish is 　10　 at me saying, ‘You’re a 　11　 man. ’ Take this off the table, ” to “I’ll let my friends enjoy, but I’ll just stick with the other dishes, ” and to “Would anyone mind if I eat the eyeball?”  

It is not the same with every westerner, and some take 　12　 than others to go through the three stages. It all depends on how 　13　 you are and how tightly you 　14　 to your own culture. It took over a year of living in China before I finally appreciate the new culture. Now, I’m more 　15　 in China than in my own country.   

【语篇概述】本文作者通过描写自己对中国文化从气愤到欣赏的心路历程,说明了一个人对外国文化的接受过程。

1. A. curiosity 　   B. fear 　　   C. purpose 　 D. anger

【解析】选D。词汇复现题。该段讲述的是作者初到中国时对中国文化所持有的态度。结合第一段中所提到的三个基本阶段anger,acceptance和appreciation可知作者目前是处于第一个阶段,即anger。

2. A. wrong    B. right    C. wise   D. smooth

【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据下文“I rejected the view of there being other ways of doing things”可知作者拒绝接受处理事情的其他的方式,因为他认为其他方式都是错误的。因为错误,所以拒绝。

3. A. find     B. use    C. accept    D. refuse

【解析】选C。语境理解题。根据下文中“I often accepted situations. . . ”可知作者后来逐渐接受了一些中国文化。所以答案选C。

4. A. preferences   B. references

C. facts     D. standards

【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知作者对于某些文化现象的接受仍凭个人的喜好。preference“偏爱,喜好”。

5. A. necessary   B. important

C. nervous     D. stupid

【解析】选D。 逻辑推理题。根据下文可知作者觉得人们解释一些文化现象时仅仅说一句“这是在中国”的行为很愚蠢。

6. A. mentioning   B. saying

C. meaning    D. referring

【解析】选C。词义辨析题。mention“提到;提及”;say“说”;refer“指的是”。此处是解释上文的 “That’s in China. ”,mean“意思是”,符合语境。

7. A. character    B. personality

C. revolution    D. culture

【解析】选D。词汇复现题。根据文章的第一句话可知此处作者是讲述自己如何接受中国文化的,所以选D项。

8. A. locals     B. foreigners

C. researchers    D. citizens

【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据作者的转变可推断他像当地人一样自如地运用中国人的处事方式。

9. A. bought    B. sold

C. served     D. separated

【解析】选C。词义辨析题。句意: 在我们国家,从来不吃鱼头。serve表示“端上(饭菜)”,符合语境。

10. A. glancing   B. laughing

C. shouting    D. staring

【解析】选D。词义辨析题。带头的鱼端上来以后,作者认为鱼在瞪着自己。glance at“瞥了一眼”;stare at “盯着;瞪着”。根据句意选D。

11. A. kind   B. cruel     C. brave    D. unique

【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据语境推断当时作者认为,在鱼看来自己就是一个残忍的人。所以选B。

12. A. more  B. less     C. further   D. longer

【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。空格前的take表示“花费”,根据语境可知,对于西方人来说,有的人需要花费更长的时间来接受一种新的文化。所以答案选D。

13. A. adaptable     B. considerable

C. dependable     D. enjoyable

【解析】选A。词义辨析题。根据语境可知,一个人对于一种新的文化的接受速度取决于其适应能力。adaptable“可适应的”;considerable“相当多(大)的”;dependable“可依靠的”;enjoyable“愉快的,快乐的”。根据句意可知答案选A。

14. A. get    B. hold    C. catch    D. insist

【解析】选B。背景常识题。按常理说对本国文化的固守程度会影响对新的文化的理解和接受。hold指“持有;保持”。本题易错选D项,insist表示“坚持”时应搭配介词on。

15. A. anxious    B. welcomed

C. comfortable    D. miserable

【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。随着对中国文化的接受和欣赏,作者内心也发生了很大的变化。现在作者感到在中国比在自己的国家还要舒服。

Ⅲ. 书面表达

　　假设你是李华,你的外国朋友Tom即将作为交换生来中国学习一年。在中国期间,他想下载一款新的媒体软件来跟中国的同学朋友交流。请你根据以下内容写一封信,向他推荐WeChat这款软件。

写作内容:

1. 写信目的;

 2. 介绍软件及推荐理由;

3. 对其到来表示欢迎。

注意:  1. 词数 80个左右;

 2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

 3. 开头和结尾已为你写好。

Dear Tom,

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Yours,

 Li Hua

 【参考范文】

 Dear Tom,

I’m writing to give you some advice on which social media you should use in China, and to explain the reasons for my recommendation.

Personally speaking, I strongly believe that WeChat is the best choice for you. Similar to Instagram in the west, it allows you to share your special moments with friends, as well as providing a convenient platform for communication between individuals and groups. In addition, when you get here, you’ll find that all your friends are users, so using this app can help you at ease. All in all, WeChat is an indispensable tool for Chinese people of all ages and from all walks of life, so I strongly suggest that you learn to use it.

If you have any further questions about your future life here in China, please don’t hesitate to ask. I’m sincerely looking forward to your arrival.

  Yours,

 Li Hua

阅读理解

 　　Around this time a few years ago, it was common to see videos of friends on social media having a bucket of icy water thrown on them. Known as the “ice bucket challenge”, it was created as a way to raise money for the medical condition ALS. But now, there’s a new challenge and this time, no water is involved.

What is it? Well, think of a fruit that you’d never normally sink your teeth into. Perhaps you’ve got it:  a lemon. While we enjoy using lemons to add flavor to dishes, very few of us would actually eat one as we’d eat an apple or an orange.

But the horrible taste is the precise reason why the “lemon face challenge” is taking off. Participants bite into a lemon, taking a selfie as they do it before posting the photo online. The fun is all about expression people make as all that citric acid(柠檬酸)hits their taste buds(味蕾). Every expression seems to say, “This is worse than freezing water. ”

The serious side to this trend is the good cause it’s all in aid of. The challenge aims to raise awareness of a rare brain cancer that affects young children. It was started by Aubregh Nicholas, an 11-year-old US kid. She was diagnosed with this rare brain cancer herself in September 2017, but has since raised almost $50,000 to cover her medical expenses thanks to the challenge.

If a challenge is going to raise publicity and contributions from people, it has to be something interesting and original. That way the ice bucket challenge took off in 2014 and it explains why so many people are now sharing their lemon faces. There are a lot of stories about the downside of social media these days. The charity challenges, however, show how online culture can unite the world and bring help to the people who most need it.  

 【语篇概述】本文是一篇议论文。继“冰桶挑战”之后,又一网红挑战“柠檬脸挑战”引发了全球关注。近年来有不少社交媒体的负面消息,然而这些慈善挑战却体现了网络文化如何能够联合世界各地的人,帮助那些最需要帮助的人。

 1. Why is the icy bucket challenge mentioned in the article?

 A. To show how charity gained its popularity online.

 B. To introduce a similar challenge that raises money for charity.

 C. To attract people’s attention to a rare disease.

 D. To prove its popularity around the world.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段中的it was common to see videos of friends on social media having a bucket of icy water thrown on them. Known as the “ice bucket challenge”, it was created as a way to raise money for the medical condition ALS. But now, there’s a new challenge and this time, no water is involved. 可知,在文章中提到了“冰桶挑战”是为了引出一个类似的挑战,为慈善事业筹集资金。

 2. Compared with the pre-Internet charity, what is the advantage of online charity?

 A. It raises more money than ever before.

 B. It is started by the people who suffer rare diseases.

 C. It brings people together easily and quickly.

 D. It causes little doubt among people .

 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中That way the ice bucket challenge took off in 2014 and it explains why so many people are now sharing their lemon faces. There are a lot of stories about the downside of social media these days. The charity challenges, however, show how online culture can unite the world and bring help to the people who most need it. 可知,与之前的网络慈善机构相比,在线慈善的优势是它能让人们轻松、快速地聚在一起,去提供帮助。

 3. What does the underlined phrase “take off” in the last paragraph mean?

 A. Go away suddenly.

 B. Become successful and popular.

 C. Remove your clothes.

 D. Take a break.

 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的If a challenge is going to raise publicity and contributions from people, it has to be something interesting and original. That way the ice bucket challenge took off in 2014 and it explains why so many people are now sharing their lemon faces. 可知,如果一个挑战是要提高公众的知名度和贡献,那就必须是一些有趣和原创的东西。就是这样,“冰桶挑战”在2014年获得成功,这也解释了为什么现在有那么多人在分享他们的柠檬脸。由此推知画线词的意思是“获得成功”。

 4. What is the author’s attitude towards online charity?

 A. Positive. 　　　　　　B. Indifferent.

 C. Negative.  D. Ambiguous.

 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句There are a lot of stories about the downside of social media these days. The charity challenges, however, show how online culture can unite the world and bring help to the people who most need it. 可知,网络文化可以团结世界,给最需要帮助的人带来帮助。作者对在线慈善的态度是“肯定的”。