统考版2021高考英语二轮专题复习专题能力提升练十四推理判断题_观点态度类含解析新人教版20201209295

这是一份统考版2021高考英语二轮专题复习专题能力提升练十四推理判断题_观点态度类含解析新人教版20201209295，共5页。

[2020·山西六校第二次阶段性测试] In 2013, Gabby Frst funded Buddy Prject when she was 15. At that time, her best friend had been diagnsed (诊断) with a mental health cnditin, and that was the first time she was made aware f what mental illness was. She wanted t learn mre and develp a gd supprt system fr her.
Mental illness affects tens f millins f peple in the United States each year, yet nly half receive treatment, accrding t the Natinal Institutes f Mental Health. Buddy Prject's website says the service is nt a substitute fr therapy (治疗) r ther types f mental health care, and it directs peple t resurces fr further help.
Since funding the rganizatin as a high schl student, Frst has helped mre than 200,000 participants find a new friend. On the day when Buddy Prject was launched, she used her pwerful scial media presence t attract nearly 3,000 participants. “This was arund the time when teens really began talking abut mental health and fund a supprtive cmmunity nline t talk abut it，” she said.
One f the biggest scial barriers she had t jump ver was that peple didn't view her seriusly because she was a 15­year­ld girl, and even nw, she's still a yung wman. “Smetimes it's frustrating because peple dn't think what I d is needed r they dn't think I'm prfessinal，” she said. “Mst peple are blwn away that a 20­year­ld girl is running this and that it's ne persn ding this but nt a whle team. I'm just lucky that I've fund a supprt system that has been able t help my mm and me with the prject.”
1．Why did Gabby Frst set up Buddy Prject?
A．T treat her mental disease.
B．T knw what causes mental illness.
C．T help her friend t fight the mental disease.
D．T cure thse with mental disease.
2．What can we infer frm paragraph 2?
A．Americans pay little attentin t mental health.
B．Many Americans have truble with mental health.
C．Buddy Prject prvides financial aid fr patients.
D．Buddy Prject can cure thse with mental disease.
3．What prblem did Frst face?
A．She culdn't get supprt frm her mther.
B．She culdn't help s many patients at a time.
C．She wasn't able t attract enugh participants.
D．She wasn't thught well f because f her age.
4．Hw d mst peple feel abut yung Frst's running the prject alne?
A．Cmpletely defeated. B．Ttally cnvinced.
C．Strngly impressed. D．Fully satisfied.
B
[2020·济南市4月模拟]Like clckwrk, nearly every furth February includes ne extra day. February 29th, therwise knwn as Leap Day, isn't exactly a hliday. Instead, it's there t keep yur calendar cnsistent with the earth's rtatin (旋转) arund the sun.
Accrding t Histry.cm, Rman emperr Julius Caesar is the “father” f Leap Year. Until he came alng, peple had used a 355­day calendar, which was 10. 25 days shrter than the slar year. Rman fficials were suppsed t add an extra mnth every nw and then t keep the seasns exactly where they shuld be. But that didn't wrk ut all that well. When special ccasins started shifting int different seasns arund 45 BCE, Caesar cnsulted with astrnmers and decreed (下令) that the empire shuld use a 12­mnth, 365­day calendar, which he named after himself. Caesar's Julian calendar included a Leap Day every fur years.
Thugh Leap Day keeps yur calendar in line with the earth's rtatin arund the sun, it causes a different kind f prblem fr leapsters. When shuld these February 29th babies celebrate their birthdays during the ther three­quarters f their lives? Sme party n February 28th, while thers prefer a tw­day celebratin that spans the last day f February and the first day f March.
Leap Day can be a nuisance in the legal system. In 2006, a curt in Massachusetts was deciding whether criminal Jhn Mel culd be released a day early since his 10­year sentence included a Leap Day. In the case, the judge decided that since the man was sentenced t prisn fr years, nt days, Leap Day didn't make a bit f difference.
Thugh a few timekeepers have pushed fr calendars that dn't include Leap Day, almst all astrnmers and scieties agree that Leap Day is the best methd t keep the calendar n track.
5．Why was Leap Day created?
A．T celebrate special ccasins.
B．T hnr Emperr Julius Caesar.
C．T keep pace with the slar year.
D．T keep track f all the seasns.
6．What is the prblem with the birthday celebratin f February 29th babies?
A．It is smetimes delayed.
B．It lasts at least tw days.
C．It has t be held every ther year.
D．It may take place n different dates.
7. What des the underlined wrd “nuisance” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Jke. B．Tpic.
C．Truble. D．Mistake.
8．What is the attitude f mst astrnmers twards Leap Day?
A．Critical. B．Supprtive.
C．Dubtful. D．Cautius.
C
[2020·合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测]Walls blanketed in mss (苔藓) are ppping up in majr cities, alng with prmises that they can reduce air pllutin—but can a few square metres f plant matter really deal with the smg?
A Berlin­based firm, Green City Slutins, believes s. Its mss walls, called CityTrees, are rughly fur square metres in size. Armed with Wi­Fi sensrs t mnitr the health f mss, a CityTree functins autnmusly and requires very little maintenance (维护). The wall cllects rainwater, which is pumped thrugh a built­in irrigatin system t the plants, pwered by slar energy. As a result, the firm says each CityTree is able t “eat” arund 250 grams f particulate (颗粒的) matter a day (abve 90 kgs a year) and remves abut 240 metric tns f CO2 annually. It als cls the surrunding air.
Being aware that getting the surrunding air in cntact with the mss wall is crucial fr the CityTree t be effective, the inventrs ensure that the lcatin f each installatin is chsen carefully—spts where pllutin is heavy due t traffic and where the air flw is limited are picked. The imprtance f this step is explained by the fact that the waste gas frm a car generally ges vertically a few kilmetres int the air.
But this desn't mean mss walls will necessarily prtect peple frm pllutin. In the Netherlands, researchers fund that eight walls installed in Amsterdam failed t reduce the cncentratin f particulate matter and nitrgen dixide (NO2). Their reprt cncluded that even dubling the number f mss walls wuld d little t imprve their effectiveness.
The CityTree is nt meant t substitute fr street trees, but t add greenery t spaces where planting is nt an ptin. It's imprtant t remember that street trees prvide a whle hst f ther benefits, including shelter and habitat fr urban wildlife, shade fr peple n the street, and reductin f the urban heat island effect.
9．What d we knw abut the CityTree?
A．It can absrb sme air pllutants.
B．It can irrigate ther street plants.
C．It prduces electricity t cl water.
D．It is aimed at saving water in cities.
10．What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．The imprtance f CityTrees.
B．The functin f CityTrees.
C．Hw t perate CityTrees.
D．Where t place CityTrees.
11．Why is the example f Amsterdam mentined in Paragraph 4?
A．T shw that Citytrees can't always wrk well.
B．T prve that CityTrees can reduce air pllutants.
C．T emphasize the necessity f building mss walls.
D．T analyze the reasns fr the failure f the prgram.
12．What is the authr's attitude twards replacing street trees with mss walls?
A．Ambiguus. B．Disapprving.
C．Supprtive. D．Cautius.
专题能力提升练十四 推理判断题
——观点态度类A
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会——助人为乐——Buddy Prject帮助了很多有心理健康问题的人
[文章大意] 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Gabby Frst在15岁的时候为了帮助自己的朋友战胜心理疾病而成立了Buddy Prject。Buddy Prject帮助了很多有心理健康问题的人。尽管遇到了很多的困难，但她仍坚持不懈。
1．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“She wanted t learn mre and develp a gd supprt system fr her”及第二段中的“Buddy Prject's website says the service is nt a substitute fr therapy (治疗) r ther types f mental health care, and it directs peple t resurces fr further help”可知，她是为了帮助朋友与心理疾病抗争才成立了Buddy Prject，故答案为C项。
2．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段第一句中的“Mental illness affects tens f millins f peple in the United States each year”可知，在美国，很多人都有心理健康方面的问题，故答案为B项。
3．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“One f the biggest scial barriers she had t jump ver was that peple didn't view her seriusly because she was a 15­year­ld girl, and even nw, she's still a yung wman”和“peple dn't think what I d is needed... prfessinal”可知，她面临的一个问题是人们因为她的年龄而不把她当回事儿，认为她不专业，故答案为D项。
4．答案与解析：C 考查观点态度。根据最后一段中的“Mst peple are blwn away that a 20­year­ld girl is running this and that it's ne persn ding this but nt a whle team. I'm just lucky that I've fund a supprt system that has been able t help my mm and me with the prject”，可知，大多数人对一个20岁的女孩独自(而不是靠一个团队)运营这个项目这一事实应感到惊讶、钦佩或印象深刻，故C项最能体现大多数人的心理，故选C项。
B
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——科普知识——闰日的来历
[文章大意] 文章介绍了闰日的来历以及所带来的一些生活中的趣事。
5．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Instead，it's there t keep yur calendar cnsistent with the earth's rtatin(旋转)arund the sun”，第二段中“Rman fficials were suppsed t add an extra mnth every nw and then t keep the seasns exactly where they shuld be”以及第三段中“Thugh Leap Day keeps yur calendar in line with the earth's rtatin arund the sun”可知，闰日的产生是为了与太阳历保持一致。
6．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“When shuld these February 29th babies celebrate their birthdays during the ther three­quarters f their first day f March”可知，在2月29日出生的人，有的是在2月28日庆祝生日，也有一些人会在二月的最后一天和三月的第一天进行一个为期两天的庆祝生日的活动。由此可知，在这一天出生的人可能会在不同的日期庆祝生日。
7．答案与解析：C 考查词义猜测。根据下文所列举的例子可知，在法律体系中闰日的出现可能会带来一些麻烦。
8．答案与解析：B 考查观点态度。根据最后一段中“almst all astrnmers and scieties agree that Leap Day is the best methd t keep the calendar n track”可知，大多数天文学家是支持闰日的。
C
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——人与环境——“城市树”
[文章大意] 文章主要介绍了“城市树”的相关内容。
9．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第二段第五句可知，每棵“城市树”每天能“吃掉”约250克的颗粒物(一年超过90千克)，每年可清除约240公吨的二氧化碳。由此可知，“城市树”能够吸收空气中的污染物。故选A。
10．答案与解析：D 考查段落大意。根据第三段第一句可知，发明者意识到让周围的空气与苔藓“墙”接触对“城市树”发挥作用至关重要，因此他们确保每一个安装苔藓“墙”的位置都是经过精心选择的——选择由于交通而污染严重和空气流动受限的地方。而该段第二句则是阐述这一措施的重要性。由此可知，本段主要讲的是在什么地方放置“城市树”，以便更有利于发挥其作用，故选D。
11．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第四段第一句与第二句的关系可知，第二句列举了Amsterdam使用苔藓“墙”没有达到理想的效果的例子，是为了证明第一句表述的观点，即苔藓“墙”并不一定能保护人们免受污染。由此可知，A项符合题意，故选A。
12．答案与解析：B 考查观点态度。根据第五段的内容可知，作者认为，“城市树”并不是为了取代街道上的树而设计的，街道上的树提供了许多其他的好处，包括为城市野生动物提供庇护所和栖息地、为街上的人们提供阴凉和减少城市热岛效应。由此可以推测出，作者对用苔藓“墙”来取代街道上的树木这一做法持不赞成的态度。故选B。