初中英语简易实用语法导学练8：祈使句和感叹句

初中英语简易实用语法导学练8： 祈使句和感叹句祈使句:表请求、命令或建议。         特点： 通常省略主语，谓语用动词原形。句末用句号或者感叹号。___________________________ 打开灯。____________________________ 别忘了关上门。         祈使句可以在句首或句末加上please以表示客气：Please come here! /Come here, please!         否定祈使句在动词前加don’t：(Please) Don’t come here!　__________________ again (,please)! (不要再迟到了)         “let+宾语＋动词原形(＋其它成分)” 祈使句:Let me have a look.Let’s go home.Let’s not say anything about it!         祈使句的反意疑问句，一般在句尾加will you，Don’t forget it, will you? Give me a hand，will you？         let’s开头的祈使句的反意疑问句用shall we；let us开头的祈使句的反意疑问句用will you，如：Let’s go there, ___________________?Let us go there，_________________？         祈使句用于两个重要句型中:1)      “Do sth and you will do sth(表结果)”用来叙述肯定的条件.Hurry up and you’ll catch the train.＝________ you hurry up, you ______________ the train.2)      “Do sth or you will do sth(表结果)”用来叙述否定的条件,or(else)表示“否则；要不然”.Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train．＝If you _________________, you’ll miss the train. 感叹句。感叹句用来表达强烈的感情。感叹句由what或how开头。what修饰名词, how修饰形容词、副词或动词。 句式如下:1)      What + a(an) +（adj）+ n +主谓
What + (adj）+n(s) +主谓！
What nice music it is! 2)      How + adj + a(an) + n + 主谓！
How + adj/adv + 主谓！
How clever the girl is!         感叹句是陈述句变化而来的：根据以上句式把下面的句子改成感叹句。1)    He is a kind man.
→What ________________________.
→How ________________________.2)    They showed us beautiful pictures.
→___________________________________3)    The children are playing happily.
→___________________________________4)    I love you very much.
→________________________________         在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。这时要通过还原句子或语境来判断省略了哪些词。1)    What a fine day!　
还原句子：It is a fine day.→What a fine day it is!2)    The car is travelling at 20 km/h. How slowly!
还原句子: How slowly the car is travelling.! 强化句子的基本概念1)    首字母大写。How are you?2)    以句号、问号、感叹号为结束标志。
改错：It was raining hard, they could not work in the fields. 【预习检测】翻译：1)        小心 (careful)! __________________2)        请不要在这抽烟。__________________________3)        我们不要相爱了。（let, BigBang新歌单曲）________________________________4)        我们正过着多么幸福的生活啊！ ___________________________ we are living!5)        多好的天气啊！ ____________________________6)        他跑得真快啊！____________________________7)        _______________________ (比较这两把牙刷) and you’ll find the purple one is softer. (compare) (11年湖北高考) 【当堂训练】补全句子：1)    Pass me the paper, ____________________? (反意疑问句)2)    Let’s take a walk in the park, _________________? (反意疑问句)3)    ______________________ 不要发出声音, will you?4)    _________________________(把我的钱还给我,give), or I’ll ring the police.  把下面的句子改成感叹句：1)    He is a good boy.
_____________________________________2)    The man walks quickly.
_____________________________________3)    She loves her mother very much.
_____________________________________4)    They are lovely boys.
_____________________________________5)    The park is beautiful.
_____________________________________ 【课后巩固提升】改错：1)         Let’s don’t go out.2)         is this your bag?3)         How lovely your son is a boy.4)         Let’s go shopping, will you?5)         Don’t go away, do you?6)         How fun it is to ride a bike!7)         How beautiful she sings!8)         Work hard, you’ll pass the exam. 9)         How beautiful girls they are!10)     *He was late again, it made his teacher very angry.