初中英语简易实用语法导学练3：主系表结构
展开初中英语简易实用语法导学练3：主系表结构
- 主系表结构(S+V+P)
英语中有一类动词叫连系动词，它后面用来说明主语“是什么”、“怎么样”的成分，叫做表语。
- 此结构中，动词必须是_________动词。
- 表语多由__________________________充当。
- be动词。
主语 | 人称代词 | 名词 | |||||||
I | you | he | she | it | we | they | 单数 | 复数 | |
形式 | am | are | is | is | is | are | are | is | are |
过去式：am/is—was，are—were
1) The house ______ very large.
2) We _________ in the music room.
- 思考：系动词很多时候是不翻译出来的（有时翻译成‘是’），那么我们一个句子中不使用系动词行不行？为什么？ ______________________________
- 注意：be动词在构成进行时态、被动语态的时候，或在“be going to +动词原形”, “be to +动词原形”的结构中，是助动词，不是系动词，因此要区别主系表结构与be作助动词的情况！
He was sleeping in class. was 是系动词还是助动词？________________
- 系动词的分类：
某些动词在表示某些特定意义的时候，也可以作连系动词用，我们在把它们分为三类：
第一类表示持续状态或结果。比如: Keep, remain, continue, stay, lie, prove, turn out等。
1) The students ________________ quiet in class
2) He _______________ single all his life.
3) The weather turned out fine. _______________________
第二类 表示感觉的连系动词。这类动词有：look, sound, smell, taste, feel等。
1) It tastes good.
2) His idea _____________ reasonable.
3) The farm ___________ like a large beautiful garden.
4) I __________ tired after the long journey.
第三类 表示变化的连系动词。这类动词有：become, get, turn, go, come, fall等。
1) He became a teacher at last.
2) She became famous in 1990.
3) My dream will _________ true.
- 思考：以上讲了三类系动词，be动词属于哪一类？______________
- 定语的位置
单词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词前面。
I like _______________________ (那个有趣的故事).
短语或句子作定语放在被修饰名词后面。
He will buy the bag 〔on the table〕.
_______________________ (树底下的那个人) will speak to you.
不定代词something、anything、nothing的定语后置：
There is _______________________ (一些奇怪的东西) in the sky.
【课堂检测】
- 判断以下句子的基本结构。
1) The children were happy. ____________________
2) The children played happily. ____________________
3) The weather gets warm in spring. ____________________
4) He will get here on time. ____________________
5) You like your father. ____________________
6) You are like your father. ____________________
7) My hobby is reading. ____________________
8) The boy is reading a book. ____________________
- 改错并说明原因。
1) She very tall.
2) The shoes on the floor.
3) I am play table tennis every Saturday.
4) We are go to school at 6:00 in the morning.
5) She dances beautiful.
- 连词成句：
1) young wife loves his very much handsome man the beautiful
__________________________________________________________________
2) happened strange something last Friday in my class
____________________________________________________
3) lives he next to my house a in building small
_____________________________________________________
【当堂训练】
- 判断句子结构并标出各个句子成分：
1) Children fall asleep easily.
2) The trees turn green.
3) They are tasting the fish．
4) Eggs go bad in hot weather.
5) The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister.
6) Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town.
7) I found a book on the desk.
- 判断句中划线的词是形容词还是副词.
1) The horse is very fast. It runs very fast.
2) You are always early—You get up early, go to school early and finish homework early.
3) Sorry! I’m late. I got up late.
【课后巩固提升】
1. 选词填空
1) He is ______ . He works ________ . (slow; slowly)
2) The bird looks ________. The bird sings _________ . (beautiful; beautifully)
3) The teacher became _______ just now. He shouted _______.
He is still ______ now. In another word, he remains ________ . (angry; angrily)
4) The work was _______. He finished it _________ (easy; easily)
5) I am _______. I do my homework __________. (careful; carefully)
6) The fish has gone ______(bad; badly).
The fish swim _________ (free; freely).
7) The dish tastes _______. He plays tennis _________. (good; well)
8) She seemed _______. She talked __________. (happy; happily)
- 改错：
1) The problem easy.
2) The old man 90 years old.
3) He was got up early this morning.
4) The girl looks beautifully.
5) The in a red coat girl is my sister.
