初中英语简易实用语法导学练5：主谓宾补结构
展开初中英语简易实用语法导学练5：主谓宾补结构
- 主谓宾宾补结构。
构成：S+V+O+OC
eg. Wealth makes many men selfish.
什么是宾补？_________________________
此结构的特点：
1) V为___________动词。
2) 什么词可以用来作宾补？____________________________________________.
① They found her happy that day．
② We made him our monitor.
③ He left his bag in the office.
④﹡When he woke up, he found himself tied to a tree.
⑤﹡My mother allowed me to play games for a while.
⑥﹡Can you make your car park over there?
3) make, choose, elect, appoint等词之后的名词作宾补指的是独一无二的职务时，该名词之前需使用零冠词。
We made him king.
They elected John _________________ of the committee. (他们选举John当委员会主席。)
4) ﹡部分动词接宾补之前可接(to be).
I consider him (to be) honest.
名词作宾补与双宾结构的区别.
名词可以做宾补，也可以充当直接宾语，那么该怎样区分双宾结构与名词作宾补的结构呢？辨析以下两个句子，看看分别是什么句子结构，并说明原因（提示：从定义的角度区分）。
1) We chose him our leader. ____________________________
2) We chose him a present. ____________________________
名词作宾补与双宾结构的区别为：______________________________
形容词/介词短语作宾补与作定语的区别：
先辨析以下两个句子结构：
1) I found the vase beautiful. __________________
2) I found the beautiful vase. __________________
两者主要区别如下：
位置的区别：定语通常置于所修饰的词(宾语)的前面，宾补肯定放在宾语的后面。当然也有定语后置的情况，这时就只能用下面介绍的方法了。
Wash your hands clean. _________________
翻译的区别：定语在翻译时，通常翻译到所修饰的词的_______起限定、修饰作用。宾补补充说明宾语的性质、状态、动作，通常翻译到宾语的___________。
I found everything in good order. __________________
She has a garden much larger than yours. _________________
动词的区别：并不是每个动词都可以接宾语再接宾补的。
Do you know the boy riding the bike？___________________
I saw your son riding a bike this morning. ___________________
- There be 结构
由There be + 主语 构成，该句型本质上是系表结构倒装而成，由于用的多了，单独归类为there be 句型。
特点：
1) 存在句型，表某处有某物（不定的人或物）
① A man is at the door.(并不普遍的说法)
② There is a man at the door.（普遍说法）
2) 主谓一致， 就近原则
① There _______ a desk and 3 chairs in the room.
② There _______ 3 chairs and a desk in the room.
There be 与 have 辨析：
There be 句型表“存在”，have 表“所属”
【预习检测】
- 判断以下句子的基本结构：
1) The days get longer. ________________
2) Can you get me some tea? ________________
3) They are getting everything ready. ________________
4) He will get here on time. ________________
5) I got the first prize. ________________
- 翻译以下句子：
1) 我家里有5个人。__________________________
2) 你碗里有只苍蝇。___________________________
3) 我有一辆自行车。___________________________
4) 这个房间有三扇窗户。____________________________
5) 那里有很多漂亮的衣服。_____________________________
6) 习近平2013年当选为国家主席。________________________________
【当堂训练】
- 判断以下句子的基本结构：
1) He looks at the sky now and then. ____________
He looks worried. ____________
2) Turn the TV on. ____________
When she saw this, she turned red. ____________
3) The cook smells the food. ____________
It smells delicious. ____________
4) The train will come soon. ____________
Your dream will come true sooner or later. ____________
5) They made us a big cake. ____________
They made me captain of the team. ____________
They made me angry. ____________
6) She pushed the door open. ____________
7) I found Tom in the garden. ____________
- 翻译句子：
1) 我们村只有一条街。 _________________________________
2) John被任命为委员会主席。 _______________________________
3) 我认为他是个诚实的人(think)。________________________________
【课后巩固提升】
- 判断句子基本结构：
1) He always keeps the windows open. ____________
2) They keep quiet in class. ____________
3) You can keep the books for a month. ____________
4) He is telling stories. ____________
5) He is telling the children stories. ____________
6) These coats cost me 1000 yuan. ____________
7) I found you the book. ____________
8) I found the book interesting. ____________
9) I found the interesting book. ____________
- 改错：
1) He was elected the captain of our team.
2) There has a book on the desk.
3) I think it necessarily(我认为这是有必要的).
4) He passed a pen me.
5) Look you; you look terribly.
