精品解析：广东省华南师范大学附属中学2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版）
展开华南师大附中2019—2020学年度第一学期期末考试
高二英语
笔试部分共五道大题，共10页，满分90分，考试用时120分钟。
一、单项选择（共15小题，每小题0.5分，满分7.5分）
1. Quantities of food ________ the charity every year.
A. are subscribed to B. is subscribed to C. are subscribed D. subscribe to
2. He spent too much time in surfing the Internet. ________, he didn’t pass the IELTS.
A. By accident B. In consequence C. In return D. On the contrary
3. ________ the value of the whole planet, the development of the economy is totally meaningless.
A. Comparing with B. Compared with C. Comparing D. Compared
4. Nicotine, a substance common to all forms of tobacco, is a powerfully ________ drug.
A. addicted B. addicting C. addict D. addictive
5. It is striking, and ________, that some women have to be forced to leave their jobs once they get married, which goes against their will.
A. shameless B. shameful C. ashamed D. shamed
6. As for this incident, there is less than one chance in 10.000 that it has ________ accidently.
A. come across B. come about C. come around D. come into
7. The full ________ of social media lies in its ability to attract the customers to help us meet the business goals.
A. power B. strength C. energy D. force
8. ________ has been four years ________ we met last time.
A. It; when B. There; before C. It; since D. There; after
9. This kind of effective software makes it easier for a company to ________ its operation system.
A. rate B. estimate C. value D. evaluate
10. If we consider these ________ separately, each phenomenon is not so serious, but if we consider them ________, the situation becomes serious and desperate.
A. phenomenons; as a whole B. phenomena; as a whole
C. phenomena; on the whole D. phenomenons; on a whole
11. ________ in the queue for two hours, Jack suddenly realized that he had left his identity card at home.
A. Waited B. Having been waited
C. Having waited D. To have waited
12. It is important that we ________ the window before we leave.
A. shall close B. will close C. must close D. close
13. It is ________ he often feels sleepy in class ________ makes his teachers worried about him.
A. what; that B. that; what C. that; that D. /; that
14. He is an untiring ________ of educational reform. He advocates ________ the teachers for their excellent jobs.
A. advocator; rewarding B. advocate; rewarding
C. advocator, to reward D. advocate; to reward
15. ________ the problems they’ve faced, they are happy with the life they lead.
A. In spite of B. Due to C. So long as D. regardless of
二、阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams (1860-1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson (1907-1964).
If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environment movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s Lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)
When Sandra Day O Connor’ finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a Law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks (1913-2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabarna, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.
16. What is the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?
A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court.
C. The discrimination against women. D. The poor financial conditions.
17. Who made great contribution to the-civil movement in the US?
A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson.
C. Sandra Day O’Connor. D. Rosa Parks.
18. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?
A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.
C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.
B
The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University has turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.
Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.
Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.
These include custom-made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”
“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.” Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains, “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.”
“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We’re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.”
“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”
19. What is the purpose of the DriveLAB?
A. To explore new means of transport. B. To design new types of cars.
C. To find out older driver’s problems. D. To teach people traffic rules.
20. Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?
A. It keeps them independent. B. It helps them save time.
C. It builds up their strength. D. It cures their mental illnesses.
21. What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?
A. Improve their driving skills. B. Develop driver-assist technologies.
C. Provide tips on repairing their cars. D. Organize regular physical checkups.
22 What is the best title for the text?
A. A new Model Electric Car B. A Solution to Traffic Problem
C. Driving Service for elders D. Keeping Older Drivers on the Road
C
Babies have an astonishing talent that adults entirely lose. By the age of one, they can recognise the significant noises around them and group them into a language. When we have lost this capacity as adults, it becomes enormously difficult to distinguish between sounds that are glaringly different to a native speaker. It all sounds Greek to us. This is because the range of possible sounds that humans use to convey meaning may be as high as 2,000, but few languages use more than 100 and even then the significant noises－the phonemes (音素) of a language－each cover a range of sounds and so vague distinctions which would change the meaning of a word in other languages.
But where do these phonemes come from and why do they shift over time? New research suggests that the apparently arbitrary distribution of some sounds around the world may be partially explained by diet. This is unexpected. We’d rather think of language as product of our thought, rather than of the arrangement of our teeth. In reality, though, any given language must be both.
Hunter gatherer languages very seldom use the sounds known as labiodentals (唇齿音)－those such as f and v－that are made by touching the lower lip with the upper teeth. Only two of the hundreds of Australian aboriginal languages use them, for example. But in cultures that have discovered farming, these consonants (辅音) are much more common. The argument goes that farmers eat more cooked food and more dairy than hunter gatherers. Either way, they need to chew mush less, and to bite less with their front teeth. So farmers grew up with smaller lower jaws and more of an overbite than their ancestors who had to bite through harder foods. It became easier for them to make the labiodental consonants instead of purely labial (唇音) ones: one example is that f come to take the place of p. Romans said “pater” but English speakers (unless they’re Rees－Moggs) say “father”.
Beyond these particular changes, the story highlights the way in which everything distinctively human is both material and spiritual: speech must combine sound and meaning, and the meaning can ’t exist or be transmitted without a real object. But neither can it be reduced to the purely physical, as our inability to understand or even to recognise foreign languages makes clear. The food we eat shapes our jaws, and our jaws in turn shape the sounds of our language. The ease with which we eat probably shapes our thought too, as anyone who has suffered toothache could testify. What we eat may have shaped the sounds of our language, but how we eat changes how we feel and what we use language to express. A family meal is very different from a sandwich at the office desk, even if the calorie is the same. Food has purposes and meanings far beyond keeping us alive and pleasing the Palate (味觉).
23. Compared with adults, babies could more easily .
A. create significant noises B. classify the forms of noises
C. understand the Greek language D. distinguish meaningful sounds
24. According to the passage, which of the following factors help shape language?
A. Lips and teeth. B. Jobs and habits.
C. Age and regions. D. Food and thinking.
25. The reason for farmers' making sounds of “f” and “v” is .
A. enjoying more cooked foods B. biting more with front teeth
C. constantly chewing harder foods D. growing up with lager lower jaws
26. By writing this passage, the author intends to reveal .
A. jaws help shape our thought
B. food determines our thought
C. diet has some influence on language
D. language consists of sound and meaning
D
California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素).
The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.
Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源).
But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010 McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.
The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt(融雪).
Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.
27. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
B. The increasing variety of California big trees.
C. The distribution of big trees in California forests.
D. The influence of farming on big trees in California.
28. Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?
A Ecological studies of forests.
B. Banning woodcutting.
C. Limiting housing development.
D. Fire control measures.
29. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?
A. Inadequate snowmelt. B. A longer dry season.
C. A warmer climate. D. Dampness of the air.
30. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. California’s Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?
B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon
C. Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?
D. Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California
第二节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
You don’t have to be an art expert to comment on how you feel about a piece of art. ____31____ The same beauty that you appreciate in these everyday objects are things you can appreciate and discuss in art. If you are interested in broadening your artistic appreciation by visiting an art museum or gallery, here are steps to help you get a fuller experience:
____32____ Often exhibits are based around a theme, time period, a single artist’s work or a group of artists working within the same basic concept. By taking a few minutes to view the exhibit as a whole you can better appreciate the individual pieces.
Return to the beginning of the exhibit and spend little more time viewing each piece. First, examine each piece up close. Look for detail in the artwork. Second, step back anywhere from 4-6 feet away to get the full picture. ____33____ Find the pieces you feel drawn to. Never feel the need to linger on a piece that you don’t like. ____34____ Question the subject, the materials used to create the piece, and your own reaction to it. See if you can guess the artist’s intent.
Use the exhibition labels to understand the work. ____35____ After reading the information, ask yourself whether it supports or change the way you initially reacted to the work.
When you move on, try to give each piece in the gallery fair chance. No piece will appeal to everyone, but sometimes after closer inspection, you will find yourself appreciating works outside of your usual tastes.
A. Take some time to first scan through the entire gallery.
B. You just need to make continuous effort to acquire the taste.
C. Spend some time moving around each piece to learn more about it
D. Finally, if the piece is 3D sculptural object, be sure to view it from different angles.
E. These labels are where you can find the title, medium, artist and other useful information.
F. Try to think of the work of art as your other interests such as a beautiful car or dress design.
G. If, however, you find that the piece appeals to you, try to understand what it is about it that attracts you so much.
三、语言运用（共两节，总分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Do What You Enjoy
Sometimes you may find that you are not happy in your life，although everything is going well．Most of the time you have to ___36___this kind of unhappy life，since it is really hard to make changes and move on to a new business，which often involves taking ___37___
My father，however，was a quite different example．When I was about 9 or 10，he told me that I should
be whatever I wanted when I grew up，so long as I ___38___it．He said that if I were not feeling ___39___ ， I should try to change my life to make it more delightful，and I would find real___40___as a result．From him I learned a great lesson on the___41___of doing one's favorite．
My father got into the insurance industry when he was very young，and he was very___42___．He became one of the company's top salesmen，even though he was only 25 years old．Soon he became one of the first independent insurance salesmen in our state． ___43___，he decided to leave his successful ___44___and move on to other fields．You might ___45___why he did so．The answer was simple：he liked to do something challenging，something that ___46___.his strength and ability，especially in a way that is interesting．My father just wanted to have a try，and so he did．After leaving the insurance company，he worked in social media and then in digital technology，which really ___47___him．Of course he wasn't successful in everything he tried，but he told me for ___48___that he did something he liked，and that he had the ___49___ of doing what he enjoyed． ___50___ one's comfortable life is not easy．I've learned this from my father，and I can say no matter ___51___ is good or bad，it is ___52___ doing one's favorite．When we do something we love，it whether the gives us extra ___53___ to meet our goals，which are associated with psychological well-being and health．As long as we have no ___54___ and give it a try，we are forced to push against ourselves．After all we all want to be where we are ___55___ ourselves．
36. A. lose B. stop C. share D. continue
37. A. risks B. turns C. steps D. suggestions
38. A. promised B. enjoyed C. admitted D. adjusted
39. A. lucky B. safe C. comfortable D. special
40. A. concern B. pleasure C. strength D. talent
41. A. value B. honor C. control D. relief
42. A. sensitive B. cautious C. optimistic D. successful
43. A. Besides B. Therefor C. However D. Meanwhile
44. A. schedule B. career C. reform D. competition
45. A. wonder B. explain C. blame D. conclude
46. A. limited B. predicted C. tested D. affected
47. A. confused B. shocke C. discouraged D. attracted
48. A. free B. certain C. good D. real
49. A. satisfaction B. sympathy C. responsibility D. security
50. A. Protecting B. Selecting C. Leaving D. Arranging
51. A. function B. result C. signal D. attitude
52. A. simple B. normal C. popular D. worth
53. A. motivation B. consideration C. occupation D. qualification
54. A. rights B. faults C. regrets D. excuses
55. A. convincing B. evaluating C. representing D. challenging
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A note written to a radio station is getting worldwide attention.
The radio station has ____56____ annual tradition where listeners send in “wish letters,” and the hosts select a ____57____ (hand) of wishes. They’ve been fulfilling Christmas dreams for more than 20 years, ____58____ they had never received a letter quite like this.
Last week, the hosts of the radio station invited listener David Schmitz ____59____ their annual Christmas show, but the station didn’t tell Schmitz ____60____ had sent in the wish for his family.
They read this letter to him on the air: “Hello, my name is Brenda Schmitz, when you receive this letter, I ____61____ (lose) my battle to cancer.”
The letter was dated August 3, 2011. Brenda Schmitz passed away less than two months ____62____ she wrote it. But Brenda Schmitz had given this note to a friend, with instructions on when to mail ____63____.
Brenda Schmitz had three ____64____ (wish) for the family she left behind, their four sons, as well as the new family David Schmitz was starting.
A number of local businesses volunteered to make her wish _____65_____ (come) true.
四、单词拼写（共15小题，每题0.5分，满分7.5分）
第一节 根据所给的首字母填入适当的词，使句子意思完整注意单词的正确形式。
66. At Jack’s birthday party, we c________ vast quantities of food and drink. Later, we found we had overeaten.（根据首字母填空）
67. New York is a very culturally and ethnically d________ city, where live people with different backgrounds and from different countries. （根据首字母填空）
68. He experienced symptoms of nicotine w________ after he quit smoking. （根据首字母填空）
69. A top German engineer has been a________ to investigate and solve the problem of the new machine. （根据首字母填空）
70. Bob was late today, but he gave me a g________ that it would never happen again. （根据首字母填空）
71. Natural c________ such as floods and earthquakes cannot be prevented. （根据首字母填空）
72. They felt tired, so they stopped by a spring to r________ themselves. （根据首字母填空）
73. I don’t feel I’m achieving my full p________ in my present job, so I want to change for a new one. （根据首字母填空）
74. The Mayor was accused of a________ his position of power by giving jobs to his relatives. （根据首字母填空）
75. We, as partners, made a c________ to keep working together and never to turn against the other whatever situation would be. （根据首字母填空）
第二节
选词填空，选择合适的词的适当形式填空，有3个词多余。
launch respectively arouse spell exceed compulsory theoretically groundbreaking |
76. It is ________ for all drivers and passengers to fasten their seatbelts.
77. The twin brothers are successful in their ________ fields, Brian in science and Bill in music.
78. The witch cast a ________ on the prince and he turned into a frog.
79. He won the first prize in the English speech contest, which ________ our expectations.
80. The organization has ________ a campaign to raise 50,000RMB for the victims in the conflict.
五、写作（共1小题，满分15分）
81. 为了配合广州市开展的垃圾分类工作，学生会向全校同学发出了“垃圾分类，从我做起”的倡议。请你代表学生会，在学校的英语墙报上发表一封倡议书，内容包括：
① 为什么要垃圾分类；
② 垃圾分类的益处；
③ 呼吁全体学生一起参加。
注意：
1. 词数在100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：垃圾分类garbage classification
Dear fellow students,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
