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重庆市缙云教育联盟2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析
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这是一份重庆市缙云教育联盟2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
绝密★启用前
重庆缙云教育联盟2021-2022学年（上）年度考试
高二英语
注意：本试卷包含Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷。第Ⅰ卷为选择题，所有答案必须用2B铅笔涂在答题卡中相应的位置。第Ⅱ卷为非选择题，所有答案必须填在答题卷的相应位置。答案写在试卷上均无效，不予记分。
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
A Wan ted,Someone for a Kiss
We're looking for producers to join us on the sound of London Kiss 100 FM．You'll work on the station's music programmes.Music production experience in radio is necessary,along w ith rich know ledge of modern dance music.Please apply in writing to Producer Vacancies,Kiss 100．
Fat her Christmas
We're looking for a very special person,preferably over 40，to fill our Father Christmas suit.
Working days：Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays,10：30-16：00．Excellent pay.
Please contact the Enterprise Shopping Centre,Station Parade,Eastbourne.
Accountants Assistant
When you join the team in our Revenue Adm in istration Unit,you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division,dealing with post and other general duties.If you are educated to GCSE grade Clevel we would like to talk to you.This position is equally suitab le for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.
Wealden District Council
Software Trainer
If you are aged 2445 and have experience in teaching and train ing,you could be the person we are looking for.You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing.You w ill be allow ed to make your own decisions,and to design courses as well as present them.Pay up wards of ￡15，000 for the right person.
Please apply by sending your CV （简历） to Mrs R．Oglivie,Palmlace Limited.
1. We learn from theads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who ______ .
A. is aged between 24 and 40
B. may do some training work
C. should deal with general duties
D. can work for about a month
2. Which position is open to recent school graduates？ ______
A. Producer,London Kiss. B. Father Christmas.
C. Accountants Assistant. D. Software Trainer.
3. What kind of person would probably apply to Palmlace Limited？ ______
A. One with GCSE grade Clevel.
B. One with some office experience.
C. One having good computer know ledge.
D. One trained in producing music programmes.
B
The MacArthur Foundation late last month announced its latest crop of "genius grants"，and once again you thought maybe,just maybe,this was your year.
And why not？These days,we're all geniuses.We might be "marketing geniuses" or "cooking geniuses" or "TV geniuses".We have so weakened "genius" that it's fast joining the company of "natural" and "mindful" （留心），words left inactive through overuse and misuse.
Admittedly,the word is tough to nail down.Sometimes we assume genius equivalent to raw intelligence.But many of humanity's greatest breakthroughs were achieved by those with only modest IQs.
Sometimes we think of the genius as someone extremely knowledgeable,but that definition also falls short.During Albert Einstein's time,other scientists knew more physics than Einstein did,but history doesn't remember them.That's because they didn't make use of that knowledge the way Einstein did.They weren't able to,as he put it, "regard old questions from a new angle".
The genius is not a know-it-all but a see-it-all,someone who,working with the material available to all of us,is able to make surprising and useful connections.True genius involves not merely an extra advance,but a conceptual leap.As philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer put it：Talent hits the target no one else can hit；genius hits the target no one else can see.
We've lost sight of this truth,and too often grant the title of genius on talented people hitting visible targets.A good example is the much-boasted announcement earlier this year that scientists had,for the first time,recorded the sound of two black holes bumping,a billion light-years away.It was a remarkable discovery,no doubt,but it did not represent a dramatic shift in how we understand the universe.It merely confirmed Einstein's general theory of relativity.
As Plato observed,"What is honored in a country is cultivated there." What do we honor？Digital technology,and the convenience it represents,so naturally we get a Steve Jobs or a Mark Zuckerberg as our "geniuses"，which,in point of fact,they aren't.
The iPhone and Facebook are wonderful inventions.In many ways,they make our lives a bit easier,a bit more convenient.If anything,though,a true genius makes our lives more difficult,more unsettled.William Shakespeare's words provide more anxiety than relief,and the world felt a bit more secure before Charles Darwin came along.Zuckerberg and Jobs may have changed our world,but they haven't yet changed our worldview.
We need to recover genius,and a good place to start is by putting the brakes on Genius Flooding.
4. The key factor that sets geniuses and talents apart is that ______ .
A. geniuses have a larger range of knowledge
B. geniuses have access to far more resources
C. geniuses can see visible targets
D. geniuses approach things differently
5. The reasons why people naturally regard Steve Jobs & Mark Zuckerberg as geniuses include all the following EXCEPT that ______ .
A. their achievements bring people convenience
B. they have extraordinary intelligence
C. they are native to the country where digital technology is highly valued
D. they satisfy people's needs in the age of high technology
6. What can we infer from the passage？ ______
A. We should stop the improper use of "natural" and "mindful".
B. The first recording of two black holes bumping each other is a genius breakthrough.
C. Charles Darwin is hardly a genius.
D. More geniuses remain to be found in our life.
7. What is the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Get a new word,genius.
B. Learn from a new model,genius.
C. Join in a new group,genius.
D. Make a new friend,genius.
C
Londoners are great readers. They buy vast numbers of newspapers and magazines and of books --- especially paperbacks, which are still comparatively cheap in spite of ever-increasing rises in the costs of printing. They still continue to buy "proper" books, too, printed on good paper and bound（装订）between hard covers.
There are many streets in London containing shops which specialize in book-selling. Perhaps the best known of these is Charring Cross Road in the very heart of London. Here bookshops of all sorts and sizes are to be found, from the celebrated one which boasts of being "the biggest bookshop in the world" to the tiny, dusty little places which seem to have been left over from Dickens' time. Some of these shops stock, or will obtain, any kind of book, but many of them specialize in second-hand books, in art books, in foreign books, in books on philosophy, politics or any other of the countless subjects about which books may be written. One shop in this area specializes only in books about ballet!
Although it may be the most convenient place for Londoners to buy books, Charring Cross Road is not the cheapest. For the really cheap second-hand books, the collector must venture off the beaten track， to Farringdon Road, for example, in the East Central district of London. Here there is nothing so impressive as bookshops. The booksellers come along each morning and pour out their sacks of books onto small hand carts. And the collectors, some professionals and some amateurs, have been waiting for them. In places like this they can still, occasionally, pick up for a few pence an old one that may be worth many pounds.
8. "Londoners are great readers" means that ______ .
A. Londoners read a lot
B. There are a great number of readers in London
C. Londoners are readers who read only great books
D. Londoners are great because they read a lot
9. According to this passage, Charring Cross Road ______ .
A. is famous for its bookshops
B. is in the suburbs of London
C. contains various kinds of shops
D. is the busiest street in London
10. In this passage, what does the underlined part "venture off the beaten track" mean？ ______
A. buy books in a most busy street
B. take a risk of losing one's life
C. waste time looking for books
D. move away from a busy street
11. On Farringdon Road, ______ .
A. you can find fine bookshops for the latest books
B. you can see book sellers selling books on hand-carts
C. there are only small bookshops for the second-hand books
D. the same books as the ones in the bookshops of Charring Cross Road are sold
D
Bees see,bees do.At least that's the conclusion of research published earlier this month in the journal PLOS Biology,showing that bumblebees learn to solve problems by watching each other.
In the first study of its kind in insects,scientists constructed experiments that challenged bees to pull strings in order to access rewards of nectar（花蜜）.
The scientists hoped their study would throw light on a bigger picture：how social learning spreads through a population.
In the study,Lars Chittka from Queen Mary University of London and his team made artificial flowers and filled them with artificial nectar made of sugar water.They put the flowers under a clear type of plastic and attached a string.
Then they added bees.While most of the insects failed to reach the nectar,a few eventually figured out how to access it,by pulling the string.
The team discovered that they could greatly increase the success rate of the bees by first placing them inside a transparent（透明的）box where they could observe an experienced bee pull the string.
Then,when the boxed bees were released,they often knew what to do and successfully pulled the string to obtain nectar.
Next,the researchers added a bee that was experienced in string pulling to each of three new groups that had never seen the experiment before.Within a short time,about half of all those bees were soon pulling the strings.That result suggests the learned behavior could spread from bee to bee,similar to the way cultural ideas spread in other animals,including people.
The experiment suggests that social learning may be more widespread in the animal kingdom than people previously thought.
12. What happened after the bee pulled the string？ ______
A. It got nectar. B. It found water.
C. It joined others. D. It saw flowers.
13. What did the boxed bees do after being set free？ ______
A. They flew back to the box.
B. They flew directly to the rewards.
C. They imitated（模仿）the experienced bee.
D. They watched the experienced bee work.
14. Why was an experienced bee added to new bee groups？ ______
A. To keep the bees' interest.
B. To carry the experiment further.
C. To watch the process of string pulling.
D. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.
15. What does the study find？ ______
A. Most animals create their own cultures.
B. Strings are particularly attractive to bees.
C. Animals may have good social learning ability.
D. Bumblebees may be smarter than other bee species.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
What is culture？ Culture is too complex to define in simple terms. (1) One is that culture is a total pattern of behaviour that is consistent in its components.Another fundamental is that culture is learned behaviour.The third is that culture is behaviour that is shared by a group of people.
To understand the culture of a particular country or region,one could examine its components,among which are material culture,language,and social organization.Material culture includes the tools and symbols in a society,not including those physical things found in nature,unless they have undergone some change or have been given meaning by people. (2) The way we consume and what we consume are heavily influenced by material culture.
(3) Linked with all other aspects of culture,it reflects the nature and values of that culture.Industrialized societies have a rich vocabulary for commercial and industrial activities,while less industrialized societies may have richer vocabularies for matters important to their societies.The Eskimos in Alaska have many words to describe snow whereas English has only one general term.
Social organization differs somewhat from society to society.The primary kind of community association is based on blood ties. (4) It provides mutual protection,psychological support and a kind of economic insurance or social security for its members.The term "brothers" in Zaire includes those whom we call cousins and uncles.
Cultural analysis serves a variety of purposes.Understanding the various dimensions and their inter-relatedness helps promote cross-cultural awareness. (5)
A.Language is the most obvious difference between cultures.
B.Some scholars even suggest that it is useless to try.
C.The values represented within a culture can also change with the passing of time.
D.However,there are certain agreed-on fundamentals that can be easily identified.
E.In many developing countries,the extended family fulfils several social and economic roles.
F.For example,a mouse running on a street is not part of a culture,but the Mickey Mouse is.
G.It leads on to the promotion of goodwill,social and economic planning and harmony between social groupings or societies.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
"I noticed something," my friend Ashley said. "Your bookshelf is(21)."I nodded absently.I could feel my best friend staring at me with (22).
"I'm looking at your online bookshelf right now.It's clear of books this year.Why？" she asked.
"I wish I could read," I replied,(23) the many hours I'd spent helping someone with their computer or browsing（浏览）online news articles (24)reading novels.
"But who's going to(25) fun books to me？" Ashley asked,sounding shocked. "You always were my book buddy（朋友）.
When I got home that day,I deleted a calendar event that was supposed to happen at 9：00 pm and typed into the description box,"Read a novel."
When the time for the(26) event came,I felt so guilty（内疚的）that I(27) to turn on the audiobook.With (28)，though,I finally pressed Play and sank into a cozy young-adult novel.I soon (29) and noticed that I was really enjoying myself.
I started clearing my calendar for myself.Each time I put "(30) time" in my calendar,I felt really happy.
When it came time to(31) for the second night,it was(32) than the previous night.I even turned off my phone and sank into bed with headphones on.
Then I(33) my phone and called Ashley to tell her that I had(34) a lot of upcoming appointments.She was(35)."That's really great.I'm glad to have my book buddy back."
21. A. pretty B. tidy C. large D. empty
22. A. respect B. pride C. concern D. fear
23. A. accounting for B. thinking about
C. depending on D. dividing up
24. A. instead of B. because of C. apart from D. along with
25. A. write B. recommend C. transport D. award
26. A. original B. popular C. common D. formal
27. A. expected B. promised C. hesitated D. forgot
28. A. joy B. determination C. access D. support
29. A. survived B. agreed C. relaxed D. repeated
30. A. personal B. hard C. valuable D. limited
31. A. sleep B. help C. read D. reflect
32. A. longer B. easier C. earlier D. quicker
33. A. escaped from B. looked for C. pointed to D. turned on
34. A. finished B. fixed C. canceled D. missed
35. A. excited B. confused C. anxious D. ambitious
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Last spring,Fiona Presley,a library assistant from Scottish Highlands came across a surprising phenomenon she would never forget.While taking care of her garden,she (1) （spot）a bumblebee（大黄蜂）queen crawling around.What surprised her most was that the animal had no wings, (2) made it unable to fly.The bumblebee may have been affected by a virus in wing development.The insect had very slim (3) （chance）of survival,but this kind-hearted woman came to the rescue.
Fiona created a beautiful mini garden for the helpless animal and treated it (4) some sugar water.When it was sunny.Fiona took it out for (5) walk and protected the insect from heavy rain by taking it indoors.Soon enough the beautiful friendship unfolded between (6) （they）．Every time Fiona stopped by the garden,her tiny new friend would turn up (7) （greet）her.The bee cuddled（依偎）with the woman and seemed to light up when Fiona was holding it in her hands.
The earth bumblebees have an average lifespan of only 18 weeks, (8) Fiona was taking care of her new friend so well that it lived much longer. (9) （sad），the friendship couldn't last forever since the bee eventually passed away, (10) （ leave）a beautiful memory to its rescuer.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 有些学生很苦恼自己父母总在网上晒他/她的照片。你对此持有什么看法？请写下你的观点，以此参加本校英语校报的征文活动。
内容包括：1.支持或反对"晒娃照片"；
2.用2至3个理由支撑你的观点。
3.帮助他们想出解决问题的方法。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.第一句已给出。
While it is common for parents to post their children's photos online nowadays,some students around me are anxious about it._______
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ben was awakened by a gunshot（枪声）.He looked out toward the frozen lake.Near the trees he saw a shining piece of metal.When it moved,Ben saw that it was a long gun.A minute later a man wearing hunting clothes came out of the woods.
Suddenly a bird flew upward.The man quickly put the gun to his shoulder and shot.Ben watched the bird,praying it had not been hurt.It flew near the ground and went into some tall bushes.Safe,Ben thought.The hunter didn't move for a moment.Then he began to follow the bird. "No hunting!" Ben shouted, "No hunting on my property!" The man called back, "where can I hunt？"
Ben had just finished putting on his clothes when he heard another gunshot.He walked toward the lake.Fight was the last thing he wanted,but the man must go.Suddenly he heard a bird's wings beating the dry grass.Ben moved quickly towards the sound.He saw a colored head...the head of a beautiful bird.The bird flapped its wings,one of which was broken completely.
Ben lifted the bird and held it close against his body.It fought to escape,but soon lay quietly in Ben's arms.Ben decided to take the bird home and fix its broken wing so that it could fly again.He was almost through the woods when he heard the hunter behind him. "You just find that bird？the hunter asked,stepping closer and said, "Give me that bird!"
"You get off my hand," Ben told him.The man's face got red, "Mister," he said, "I have been hunting here all my life.I grew up here." Ben looked into the hunter's gray eyes,his voice raised,"I do not know who you are and I do not care.I own this place and I am telling you to leave!" "Now look,mister," the hunter insisted,"be reasonable." He raised his gun.A cold wind blew across Ben's face.He felt a chill（寒冷）go down his spine （脊背）.He could still give the bird to the hunter and return home safe.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Para.1
The bird struggled weakly and made a wild,strange noise.__________
Para.2
Ben watched until he was gone and went to the house.__________
答案和解析
1.【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】C
【解析】21．D．细节理解题．根据第二则广告Working days：Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays,10：30-16：00．可知他需要的人的工作时间大约是1个月，因此D项正确．
22．C．细节理解题．根据第三则广告最后2行This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.可知助理会计这一职位比较适合那些有办公室经验的毕业生．因此C项正确．
23．C．细节理解题．根据第四则广告的You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing.可知要想申请在 Palmlace Limited的工作，应聘者应该有电脑方面的知识以及要有编程方面的经验，因此C项正确．
本文介绍了四则广告，以及广告所招聘的人员的具体要求和信息．
本文介绍了四则广告，以及广告所招聘的人员的具体要求和信息．文本所给信息非常丰富，要求考生从中选出适合题目要求的信息．解此类题目时，考生可以先阅读题目和选项，了解具体要求，然后再仔细阅读文章，认真筛选甄别，这样的阅读就有的放矢，可以大大提高阅读的速度和效率．
4.【答案】
【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】A
【小题4】A
【解析】（1）C．细节理解题。根据文章第二段"The genius is not a know-it-all but a see-it-all,someone who,working with the material available to all of us,is able to make surprising and useful connections. （天才不是无所不知的人，而是能看到一切的人，他们利用我们所有人都能得到的材料，能够建立令人惊讶和有用的联系。）"和第五段"As philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer put it：Talent hits the target no one else can hit；genius hits the target no one else can see.（正如哲学家阿瑟•叔本华所说：天赋达到了别人无法达到的目标；天才达到了别人看不到的目标。）"可知，天才与天赋区别开来的关键因素是，天才能看到看得见的目标。故选C。
（2）B．细节理解题。根据文章第七段"As Plato observed, "What is honored in a country is cultivated there." What do we honor？Digital technology,and the convenience it represents,so naturally we get a Steve Jobs or a Mark Zuckerberg as our "geniuses"，which,in point of fact,they aren't. （正如柏拉图所说，"一个国家会培养他们引以为傲的东西"。我们以何为傲？数字技术以及它所带来的便利让我们很自然地赋予乔布斯或马克•扎克伯格"天才"的称号，但实际上，他们不是）"可知，A、C、D都有所提到，B"他们有非凡的智力"在原文中没有体现。故选B。
（3）A．推理判断题。根据文章第一段"We have so weakened "genius" that it's fast joining the company of "natural" and "mindful" （留心），words left inactive through overuse and misuse. （我们因为过度使用和误用，"天才"这个词很快和"纯天然"、"正念"这样的词一样，被削弱了词义，失去了原有的深度。）"可推断，我们应该停止对"纯天然"和"正念"的不当使用。故选A。
（4）A．标题判断题。根据文章第二段"We have so weakened "genius" that it's fast joining the company of "natural" and "mindful" （留心），words left inactive through overuse and misuse. （我们因为过度使用和误用，"天才"这个词很快和"纯天然"、"正念"这样的词一样，被削弱了词义，失去了原有的深度。）"根据第六段"We've lost sight of this truth,and too often grant the title of genius on talented people hitting visible targets. "（我们已丢失了"天才"这个词所蕴含的真谛，太过频繁地将"天才"这一头衔授予那些实现了看得见目标的有才之人）根据最后一段"We need to recover genius,and a good place to start is by putting the brakes on Genius Flooding."（我们需要收回"天才"这个词，而一个不错的开端就是限制对这个词的滥用。）由此可知，短文的最佳标题为"重新定义天才"。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了何为" 天才"，这个词已经被滥用，需要重新定义。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8.【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】A
【小题3】D
【小题4】B
【解析】答案：1-4AADB
1．A 句意推测题．根据文章大意及第一段They buy vast numbers of newspapers and magazines and of books及They still continue to buy"proper"books可知伦敦人会买大量的报纸、杂志和书，由此可以推测出伦敦人喜欢阅读．故选A．
2．A 细节理解题．根据文章第二段There are many streets in London containing shops which specialize in book-selling.Perhaps the best known of these is Charring Cross Road in the very heart of London.可知此地以它的书店而出名．故选A．
3．D 词义推测题．Although it may be the most convenient place for Londoners to buy books,Charring Cross Road is not the cheapest.可知在Charring Cross Road买书很方便，但是书不便宜，要想买便宜的二手书需要venture off the beaten track,应该指的是离开这个繁忙地带，故选D．
4．B 细节理解题．根据第三段的"The booksellers come along each morning and pour out their sacks of books onto small handcarts."可知在你可以看到售书人在手推车上卖书，故选B．
文章主要讲述伦敦人都爱读书，伦敦市区到处是书店，从出名的书店到街边小推车都是一些买书的好地方．
a阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．
12.【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段中"scientists constructed experiments that challenged bees to pull strings in order to access rewards of nectar.（科学家们做了一些实验，让蜜蜂拉动绳子以获得作为奖励的花蜜）可知，蜜蜂可以通过拉动绳子获得花蜜。故选A项。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第六段中"The team discovered that they could greatly increase the success rate of the bees by first placing them inside a transparent （透明的） box where they could observe an experienced bee pull the string（研究小组发现，首先把它们放在一个透明的盒子里，在那里它们可以观察到有经验的蜜蜂拉绳子，这样可以大大提高蜜蜂的成功率） "第七段中"Then,when the boxedbees were released,they often knew what to do and successfully pulled the string to obtain nectar.（然后，当盒子里的蜜蜂被释放时，它们通常知道该做什么，并成功地拉动绳子获得花蜜）"可知，盒子里的蜜蜂被放出来后，成功地模仿有经验的蜜蜂获得了花蜜。故选C项。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据第八段"Next,the researchers added a bee that was experienced in string puling to each of three new groups that had never seen the experiment before.Within a short time,about half of all those bees were soon pulling the strings.That result suggests the learned behavior could spread fom bee to bee,similar to the way cultural ideas spread in other animals,including people.（接下来，研究人员将一只有拉线经验的蜜蜂加入到之前从未见过这个实验的三个新组中。在很短的时间内，大约一半的蜜蜂很快就开始拉绳子。这一结果表明，习得的行为可以在蜜蜂之间传播，这与文化观念在包括人类在内的其他动物中传播的方式类似）"可推知，研究人员将有拉线经验的蜜蜂加入新组的目的是为了进行进一步的研究，看看习得的行为是否可以在蜜蜂之间传播。故选B项。
（4）C.细节理解题。根据最后一段中"The experiment suggests that social learning may be more widespread in the animal kingdom than people previously thought（实验表明，社会学习在动物王国中可能比人们之前认为的更普遍。可知，研究表示动物可能具有良好的社会学习能力。故选C项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员通过试验发现，蜜蜂可知通过观察来学习解决问题的能力，这表明习得的行为可以在蜜蜂之间传播，社会学习行为在动物王国中可能远超人们以往的认知。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16.【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】F
【小题3】A
【小题4】E
【小题5】G
【解析】（1）D.联系下文题。根据下文 One is that culture is a total pattern of behaviour that is consistent in its components.Another fundamental is that culture is learned behaviour.The third is that culture is behaviour that is shared by a group of people.可知，一，文化是行为的整体模式，它的组成部分是一致的。另一个基本原则是，文化是后天习得的行为。第三，文化是一群人共有的行为。故空格处应与文化的基本原则有关。D项意为"然而，在某些基本原则上是可以轻易确定的"，引出下文，符合语境。故选D。
（2）F.细节理解题。根据上文Material culture includes the tools and symbols in a society,not including those physical things found in nature,unless they have undergone some change or have been given meaning by people.可知，物质文化包括社会中的工具和符号，不包括那些在自然界中发现的物质，除非它们经历了一些变化或被人们赋予了意义。故空格处应与被定义为物质文化的事物有关。F项意为"例如，一只在街上跑的老鼠不是文化的一部分，但是米老鼠是"。承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
（3）A.联系下文题。根据下文Linked with all other aspects of culture,it reflects the nature and values of that culture.Industrialised societies have a rich vocabulary for commercial and industrial activities,while less industrialised societies may have richer vocabularies for matters important to their societies.可知，它与文化的所有其他方面相联系，反映了文化的性质和价值。工业化社会在商业和工业活动上有丰富的词汇，工业化较弱的社会在对其社会重要的事情上可能有更丰富的词汇。故空格处应与文化中涉及词汇的一个层面有关。A项意为"语言是文化最明显的区别"，引出下文，符合语境。故选A。
（4）E.联系上文题。根据上文 The primary kind of community association is based on blood ties 和下文 It provides mutual protection,psychological support,and a kind of economic insurance or social security for its members.可知，最主要的一种社区关联是以血缘关系为基础的。它为成员提供相互保护、心理支持和一种经济保险或社会保障。故空格处应与有血缘关系的社区关联有关。E项意为"在许多发展中国家，大家庭扮演着多种社会和经济角色。"承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
（5）G.联系上文题。根据上文 Understanding the various dimensions and their inter-relatedness helps promote cross-cultural awareness.可知，了解各方面及其相互关系有助于促进跨文化意识。故空格处应与了解这些的好处有关。G项意为"它促进善意、社会和经济规划以及社会团体或社会之间的和谐"，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
本文为夹叙夹议文。本文论述了从三个方面论述了什么是文化，如何理解文化，以及分析文化有何好处。
关于七选五的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21.【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】A
【小题5】B
【小题6】A
【小题7】C
【小题8】B
【小题9】C
【小题10】C
【小题11】C
【小题12】B
【小题13】D
【小题14】C
【小题15】A
【解析】（1）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.pretty漂亮的；B.tidy整洁的；C.large大的；D.empty空的。根据下一段"It's clear of books this year."可知，书架是空的。故选D项。
（2）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.respect尊敬；B.pride骄傲；C.concern关心；D.fear恐惧。根据下一段朋友问的问题""I'm looking at your online bookshelf right now.It's clear of books this year.Why？" she asked."可知，作者的朋友关切地询问作者。故选C项。
（3）B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.accounting for解释；B.thinking about思考关于……；C.depending on取决于；D.dividing up分配。根据后半句"the many hours I'd spent helping someone with their computer or browsing online news articles"可知，此处应该是作者边回答边思考。故选B项。
（4）A.考查短语及语境理解。A.instead of而不是；B.because of由于；C.apart from除了；D.along with与……一起。根据前文描写书架空了可知，作者没有花时间在阅读小说上。故选A项。
（5）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.write写；B.recommend推荐；C.transport运输；D.award奖赏。根据下一句"You always were my book buddy."可知，作者是Ashley的书友，会推荐有趣的书给她。故选B项。
（6）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.original原来的；B.popular流行的；C.common常见的；D.formal正式的。根据上文"I deleted a calendar event that was supposed to happen at 9：00 pm and typed into the description box ， "Read a novel.""可知，作者原先活动的时间到了。故选A项。
（7）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.expect期待；B.promise承诺；C.hesitate犹豫；D.forget忘记。根据下文"I finally pressed Play and sank into a cozy young-adult novel."可知，作者在阅读时间到来时犹豫了。故选C项。
（8）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.joy欢乐；B.determination决心；C.access通道、进入；D.support支持。根据下一句"I finally pressed Play"可知，作者下定了决心。故选B项。
（9）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.survive幸存；B.agree同意；C.relax放松；D.repeat重复。根据后半句"I was really enjoying myself."可知，作者很放松，很享受有声书。故选C项。
（10）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.personal个人的；B.hard困难的；C.valuable贵重的，宝贵的；D.limited有限的。根据上文"I soon （9）and noticed that I was really enjoying myself."可知，作者觉得阅读有声书是宝贵的时间。故选C项。
（11）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.sleep睡觉；B.help帮助；C.read读；D.reflect反射。根据后半句"for the second night"及上文"I deleted a calendar event that was supposed to happen at 9：00 pm and typed into the description box, "Read a novel.""可知，此处表示第二晚的阅读时间到来了。故选C项。
（12）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.longer更长的；B.easier更容易的；C.earlier更早的；D.quicker更快的。根据上文第一晚阅读时内心犹豫的描写及下文"I even turned off my phone and sank into bed with headphones on."可知，第二晚阅读比前一晚更容易了。故选B项。
（13）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.escape from逃脱；B.look for寻找；C.point to指向；D.turn on打开。根据上文"I even turned off my phone and sank into bed with headphones on."可知，作者打开手机给Ashley打电话。故选D项。
（14）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.finished完成；B.fixed修理；C.canceled取消；D.missed错过。根据下文"I'm glad to have my book buddy back."可知，作者取消了许多即将到来的预约，而把时间花在阅读上。故选C项。
（15）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited激动的；B.confused困惑的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.ambitious有野心的。根据下文"That's really great."可知，Ashley是激动的。故选A项。
本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者忙于琐事，无暇阅读小说，在朋友Ashley的提醒下，将阅读重新放到计划中，尝试阅读有声小说，再次回到阅读世界的故事。
完形填空是在单项填空的基础上发展起来的介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。它题材广泛，体裁多样。文章内容新颖、有趣、可读性强，具有鲜明的时代感，包括社会生活、风土人情、人文环境、人物传记等。
36.【答案】【小题1】spotted
【小题2】which
【小题3】survival
【小题4】to
【小题5】a
【小题6】them
【小题7】to greet
【小题8】but
【小题9】Sadly
【小题10】leaving
【解析】（1）spotted.考时态查。句意：她在照顾管理花园时，发现了一只大黄蜂。空处为句子谓语动词，由语境和上文时间状语Last spring可知，用spot的一般过去式形式，故填spotted。
（2）which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：最使她吃惊的是这个动物没有翅膀，这使得它不能飞。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的句子"大黄蜂没有翅膀"，在从非限制性句中做主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
（3）survival.考查名词。句意：这只昆虫有很小的机会幸存。介词后应用名词，survival表示抽象概念，不可数，故填survival。
（4）to.考查介词。句意：Fiona为这无助的大黄蜂建立了一个漂亮的花园，并用一些糖水来款待它。treat…to…是固定搭配，译为"用……来款待……"，故填to。
（5）a.考查冠词。句意：晴天的时候，Fiona把它取出来，带它外出散步。表示泛指，表示"一次"，应用不定冠词，且walk是辅音音素开头，故填a。
（6）them.考查代词。句意：很快他们之间就建立起了美好的友谊。between是介词，后接they的宾格形式them 作宾语，故填them。
（7）to greet.考查不定式。句意：每次Fiona在花园处停下来，她的小的新朋友就会出现来迎接她。分析句子结构可知，本空动词不定式做目的状语。故填to greet。
（8）but.考查连词。句意：大黄蜂的寿命一般是仅有18周，但是由于Fiona的悉心照顾，它活的时间更长。前后语意转折，连词but符合语境和逻辑，故填but。
（9）Sadly.考查副词。句意：令人难过的是，因为大黄蜂死，友谊再也不能持续了，给营救者留下美好的回忆。本空放于句首作状语，应用副词形式，同时注意首字母要大写，故填Sadly。
（10）leaving.考查现在分词。句意：令人难过的是，因为大黄蜂死，友谊再也不能持续了，给营救者留下美好的回忆。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非为谓语动词，表自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填leaving。
这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述的是Fiona和一只没有翅膀的大黄蜂的故事。
本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】While it is common for parents to post their children's photos online nowadays,some students around me are anxious about it.As for me,it's something acceptable.（支持"晒娃照片"）
In my opinion,posting children's photos online is beneficial to people and makes a child better known.【高分句型一】As a result,he is likely to have more chances to be successful in the future.It will also be easier for parents to communicate with their friends,for they have more to share with each other.【高分句型二】Besides,it's a way to strengthen an online social circle and connect with people we don't know before.（理由）
Although there may be some disadvantages that come with posting children's photos,it's not necessary to be too cautious about it.We should have confidence in our society.（帮助他们想出解决问题的方法）
【解析】高分句型一
In my opinion,posting children's photos online is beneficial to people and makes a child better known.
分析：句子里，动名词posting children's photos online作主语。
翻译：在我看来，把孩子们的照片上传到网上对人们是有益的，也会让孩子们更加出名。
高分句型二
It will also be easier for parents to communicate with their friends,for they have more to share with each other.
分析：句子里，for引导原因状语从句they have more to share with each other。
翻译：父母与朋友交流也会更容易，因为他们有更多的东西可以分享。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
38.【答案】Para.1
The bird struggledweakly and made a wild,strange noise.The sound made Ben's heart ache.Itseemed as if he could sense the bird's fear and helplessness.Holding the birdtightly in his arms,Ben knew that he just couldn't give up on this tiny life. 【高分句型一】He raised his eyes and looked directly into the hunter's.The firm and steadygaze sent a strong message to the hunter that by no means would he give in.There was a suffocating silence between the two men.Eventually,the hunter'srough voice broke the silence. "You are a fool." And then to Ben's greatrelief,he slowly walked away.（Ben出于对这只鸟的怜爱之情想救助它，与猎人抗争，终于使得猎人放弃）
Para.2
Ben watched until hewas gone and went to the house.He carefully laid the bird on the soft pillow,applied some medicine to the wound and bandaged its broken wing.Smoothing itsbeautiful feathers,he murmured in a soft voice to the bird, "You're going toOkay and soon you will be able to fly in the sky." Under his careful nursing,thebird recovered sooner than expected and in the meantime,a special bond seemedto be formed between the man and the bird.With the bird finally made its fullrecovery,Ben knew it was time to set it free.Though reluctant,watching thebird flapping its wings and soaring high into the sky,Ben smiled. 【高分句型二】The frozenlake,the quiet woods and the flying bird made the place a paradise.（Ben是如何救助这只鸟的，治疗伤口，安慰情绪，直到痊愈将其放生）
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Ben被猎枪声惊醒，看到一位猎人手持猎枪射击打中了一只鸟。Ben在干草垛中发现了这只翅膀受伤的鸟，将它抱起，想要救助它。被猎人发现后，与猎人发生了争执，猎人气愤之下举起猎枪瞄向了Ben。Ben有些害怕，但出于对这只鸟的同情，还是鼓起勇气与猎人抗争，终于保护下这只鸟，并救好了它。待痊愈时，Ben将这只鸟放生，他万般不舍还是让它离开获得自由。
高分句型一：Holding the bird tightly in his arms,Ben knew that he just couldn't give up on this tiny life.
译文：本把鸟紧紧地抱在怀里，他知道自己不能放弃这种渺小的生命。
分析：这句话使用现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句。
高分句型二：Though reluctant,watching the bird flapping its wings and soaring high into the sky,Ben smiled.
译文：尽管不情愿，看着鸟儿拍打着翅膀高高地飞上天空，本还是笑了。
分析：这句话使用though引导省略的让步状语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
绝密★启用前
重庆缙云教育联盟2021-2022学年（上）年度考试
高二英语
注意：本试卷包含Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷。第Ⅰ卷为选择题，所有答案必须用2B铅笔涂在答题卡中相应的位置。第Ⅱ卷为非选择题，所有答案必须填在答题卷的相应位置。答案写在试卷上均无效，不予记分。
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
A Wan ted,Someone for a Kiss
We're looking for producers to join us on the sound of London Kiss 100 FM．You'll work on the station's music programmes.Music production experience in radio is necessary,along w ith rich know ledge of modern dance music.Please apply in writing to Producer Vacancies,Kiss 100．
Fat her Christmas
We're looking for a very special person,preferably over 40，to fill our Father Christmas suit.
Working days：Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays,10：30-16：00．Excellent pay.
Please contact the Enterprise Shopping Centre,Station Parade,Eastbourne.
Accountants Assistant
When you join the team in our Revenue Adm in istration Unit,you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division,dealing with post and other general duties.If you are educated to GCSE grade Clevel we would like to talk to you.This position is equally suitab le for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.
Wealden District Council
Software Trainer
If you are aged 2445 and have experience in teaching and train ing,you could be the person we are looking for.You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing.You w ill be allow ed to make your own decisions,and to design courses as well as present them.Pay up wards of ￡15，000 for the right person.
Please apply by sending your CV （简历） to Mrs R．Oglivie,Palmlace Limited.
1. We learn from theads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who ______ .
A. is aged between 24 and 40
B. may do some training work
C. should deal with general duties
D. can work for about a month
2. Which position is open to recent school graduates？ ______
A. Producer,London Kiss. B. Father Christmas.
C. Accountants Assistant. D. Software Trainer.
3. What kind of person would probably apply to Palmlace Limited？ ______
A. One with GCSE grade Clevel.
B. One with some office experience.
C. One having good computer know ledge.
D. One trained in producing music programmes.
B
The MacArthur Foundation late last month announced its latest crop of "genius grants"，and once again you thought maybe,just maybe,this was your year.
And why not？These days,we're all geniuses.We might be "marketing geniuses" or "cooking geniuses" or "TV geniuses".We have so weakened "genius" that it's fast joining the company of "natural" and "mindful" （留心），words left inactive through overuse and misuse.
Admittedly,the word is tough to nail down.Sometimes we assume genius equivalent to raw intelligence.But many of humanity's greatest breakthroughs were achieved by those with only modest IQs.
Sometimes we think of the genius as someone extremely knowledgeable,but that definition also falls short.During Albert Einstein's time,other scientists knew more physics than Einstein did,but history doesn't remember them.That's because they didn't make use of that knowledge the way Einstein did.They weren't able to,as he put it, "regard old questions from a new angle".
The genius is not a know-it-all but a see-it-all,someone who,working with the material available to all of us,is able to make surprising and useful connections.True genius involves not merely an extra advance,but a conceptual leap.As philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer put it：Talent hits the target no one else can hit；genius hits the target no one else can see.
We've lost sight of this truth,and too often grant the title of genius on talented people hitting visible targets.A good example is the much-boasted announcement earlier this year that scientists had,for the first time,recorded the sound of two black holes bumping,a billion light-years away.It was a remarkable discovery,no doubt,but it did not represent a dramatic shift in how we understand the universe.It merely confirmed Einstein's general theory of relativity.
As Plato observed,"What is honored in a country is cultivated there." What do we honor？Digital technology,and the convenience it represents,so naturally we get a Steve Jobs or a Mark Zuckerberg as our "geniuses"，which,in point of fact,they aren't.
The iPhone and Facebook are wonderful inventions.In many ways,they make our lives a bit easier,a bit more convenient.If anything,though,a true genius makes our lives more difficult,more unsettled.William Shakespeare's words provide more anxiety than relief,and the world felt a bit more secure before Charles Darwin came along.Zuckerberg and Jobs may have changed our world,but they haven't yet changed our worldview.
We need to recover genius,and a good place to start is by putting the brakes on Genius Flooding.
4. The key factor that sets geniuses and talents apart is that ______ .
A. geniuses have a larger range of knowledge
B. geniuses have access to far more resources
C. geniuses can see visible targets
D. geniuses approach things differently
5. The reasons why people naturally regard Steve Jobs & Mark Zuckerberg as geniuses include all the following EXCEPT that ______ .
A. their achievements bring people convenience
B. they have extraordinary intelligence
C. they are native to the country where digital technology is highly valued
D. they satisfy people's needs in the age of high technology
6. What can we infer from the passage？ ______
A. We should stop the improper use of "natural" and "mindful".
B. The first recording of two black holes bumping each other is a genius breakthrough.
C. Charles Darwin is hardly a genius.
D. More geniuses remain to be found in our life.
7. What is the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Get a new word,genius.
B. Learn from a new model,genius.
C. Join in a new group,genius.
D. Make a new friend,genius.
C
Londoners are great readers. They buy vast numbers of newspapers and magazines and of books --- especially paperbacks, which are still comparatively cheap in spite of ever-increasing rises in the costs of printing. They still continue to buy "proper" books, too, printed on good paper and bound（装订）between hard covers.
There are many streets in London containing shops which specialize in book-selling. Perhaps the best known of these is Charring Cross Road in the very heart of London. Here bookshops of all sorts and sizes are to be found, from the celebrated one which boasts of being "the biggest bookshop in the world" to the tiny, dusty little places which seem to have been left over from Dickens' time. Some of these shops stock, or will obtain, any kind of book, but many of them specialize in second-hand books, in art books, in foreign books, in books on philosophy, politics or any other of the countless subjects about which books may be written. One shop in this area specializes only in books about ballet!
Although it may be the most convenient place for Londoners to buy books, Charring Cross Road is not the cheapest. For the really cheap second-hand books, the collector must venture off the beaten track， to Farringdon Road, for example, in the East Central district of London. Here there is nothing so impressive as bookshops. The booksellers come along each morning and pour out their sacks of books onto small hand carts. And the collectors, some professionals and some amateurs, have been waiting for them. In places like this they can still, occasionally, pick up for a few pence an old one that may be worth many pounds.
8. "Londoners are great readers" means that ______ .
A. Londoners read a lot
B. There are a great number of readers in London
C. Londoners are readers who read only great books
D. Londoners are great because they read a lot
9. According to this passage, Charring Cross Road ______ .
A. is famous for its bookshops
B. is in the suburbs of London
C. contains various kinds of shops
D. is the busiest street in London
10. In this passage, what does the underlined part "venture off the beaten track" mean？ ______
A. buy books in a most busy street
B. take a risk of losing one's life
C. waste time looking for books
D. move away from a busy street
11. On Farringdon Road, ______ .
A. you can find fine bookshops for the latest books
B. you can see book sellers selling books on hand-carts
C. there are only small bookshops for the second-hand books
D. the same books as the ones in the bookshops of Charring Cross Road are sold
D
Bees see,bees do.At least that's the conclusion of research published earlier this month in the journal PLOS Biology,showing that bumblebees learn to solve problems by watching each other.
In the first study of its kind in insects,scientists constructed experiments that challenged bees to pull strings in order to access rewards of nectar（花蜜）.
The scientists hoped their study would throw light on a bigger picture：how social learning spreads through a population.
In the study,Lars Chittka from Queen Mary University of London and his team made artificial flowers and filled them with artificial nectar made of sugar water.They put the flowers under a clear type of plastic and attached a string.
Then they added bees.While most of the insects failed to reach the nectar,a few eventually figured out how to access it,by pulling the string.
The team discovered that they could greatly increase the success rate of the bees by first placing them inside a transparent（透明的）box where they could observe an experienced bee pull the string.
Then,when the boxed bees were released,they often knew what to do and successfully pulled the string to obtain nectar.
Next,the researchers added a bee that was experienced in string pulling to each of three new groups that had never seen the experiment before.Within a short time,about half of all those bees were soon pulling the strings.That result suggests the learned behavior could spread from bee to bee,similar to the way cultural ideas spread in other animals,including people.
The experiment suggests that social learning may be more widespread in the animal kingdom than people previously thought.
12. What happened after the bee pulled the string？ ______
A. It got nectar. B. It found water.
C. It joined others. D. It saw flowers.
13. What did the boxed bees do after being set free？ ______
A. They flew back to the box.
B. They flew directly to the rewards.
C. They imitated（模仿）the experienced bee.
D. They watched the experienced bee work.
14. Why was an experienced bee added to new bee groups？ ______
A. To keep the bees' interest.
B. To carry the experiment further.
C. To watch the process of string pulling.
D. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.
15. What does the study find？ ______
A. Most animals create their own cultures.
B. Strings are particularly attractive to bees.
C. Animals may have good social learning ability.
D. Bumblebees may be smarter than other bee species.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
What is culture？ Culture is too complex to define in simple terms. (1) One is that culture is a total pattern of behaviour that is consistent in its components.Another fundamental is that culture is learned behaviour.The third is that culture is behaviour that is shared by a group of people.
To understand the culture of a particular country or region,one could examine its components,among which are material culture,language,and social organization.Material culture includes the tools and symbols in a society,not including those physical things found in nature,unless they have undergone some change or have been given meaning by people. (2) The way we consume and what we consume are heavily influenced by material culture.
(3) Linked with all other aspects of culture,it reflects the nature and values of that culture.Industrialized societies have a rich vocabulary for commercial and industrial activities,while less industrialized societies may have richer vocabularies for matters important to their societies.The Eskimos in Alaska have many words to describe snow whereas English has only one general term.
Social organization differs somewhat from society to society.The primary kind of community association is based on blood ties. (4) It provides mutual protection,psychological support and a kind of economic insurance or social security for its members.The term "brothers" in Zaire includes those whom we call cousins and uncles.
Cultural analysis serves a variety of purposes.Understanding the various dimensions and their inter-relatedness helps promote cross-cultural awareness. (5)
A.Language is the most obvious difference between cultures.
B.Some scholars even suggest that it is useless to try.
C.The values represented within a culture can also change with the passing of time.
D.However,there are certain agreed-on fundamentals that can be easily identified.
E.In many developing countries,the extended family fulfils several social and economic roles.
F.For example,a mouse running on a street is not part of a culture,but the Mickey Mouse is.
G.It leads on to the promotion of goodwill,social and economic planning and harmony between social groupings or societies.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
"I noticed something," my friend Ashley said. "Your bookshelf is(21)."I nodded absently.I could feel my best friend staring at me with (22).
"I'm looking at your online bookshelf right now.It's clear of books this year.Why？" she asked.
"I wish I could read," I replied,(23) the many hours I'd spent helping someone with their computer or browsing（浏览）online news articles (24)reading novels.
"But who's going to(25) fun books to me？" Ashley asked,sounding shocked. "You always were my book buddy（朋友）.
When I got home that day,I deleted a calendar event that was supposed to happen at 9：00 pm and typed into the description box,"Read a novel."
When the time for the(26) event came,I felt so guilty（内疚的）that I(27) to turn on the audiobook.With (28)，though,I finally pressed Play and sank into a cozy young-adult novel.I soon (29) and noticed that I was really enjoying myself.
I started clearing my calendar for myself.Each time I put "(30) time" in my calendar,I felt really happy.
When it came time to(31) for the second night,it was(32) than the previous night.I even turned off my phone and sank into bed with headphones on.
Then I(33) my phone and called Ashley to tell her that I had(34) a lot of upcoming appointments.She was(35)."That's really great.I'm glad to have my book buddy back."
21. A. pretty B. tidy C. large D. empty
22. A. respect B. pride C. concern D. fear
23. A. accounting for B. thinking about
C. depending on D. dividing up
24. A. instead of B. because of C. apart from D. along with
25. A. write B. recommend C. transport D. award
26. A. original B. popular C. common D. formal
27. A. expected B. promised C. hesitated D. forgot
28. A. joy B. determination C. access D. support
29. A. survived B. agreed C. relaxed D. repeated
30. A. personal B. hard C. valuable D. limited
31. A. sleep B. help C. read D. reflect
32. A. longer B. easier C. earlier D. quicker
33. A. escaped from B. looked for C. pointed to D. turned on
34. A. finished B. fixed C. canceled D. missed
35. A. excited B. confused C. anxious D. ambitious
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Last spring,Fiona Presley,a library assistant from Scottish Highlands came across a surprising phenomenon she would never forget.While taking care of her garden,she (1) （spot）a bumblebee（大黄蜂）queen crawling around.What surprised her most was that the animal had no wings, (2) made it unable to fly.The bumblebee may have been affected by a virus in wing development.The insect had very slim (3) （chance）of survival,but this kind-hearted woman came to the rescue.
Fiona created a beautiful mini garden for the helpless animal and treated it (4) some sugar water.When it was sunny.Fiona took it out for (5) walk and protected the insect from heavy rain by taking it indoors.Soon enough the beautiful friendship unfolded between (6) （they）．Every time Fiona stopped by the garden,her tiny new friend would turn up (7) （greet）her.The bee cuddled（依偎）with the woman and seemed to light up when Fiona was holding it in her hands.
The earth bumblebees have an average lifespan of only 18 weeks, (8) Fiona was taking care of her new friend so well that it lived much longer. (9) （sad），the friendship couldn't last forever since the bee eventually passed away, (10) （ leave）a beautiful memory to its rescuer.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 有些学生很苦恼自己父母总在网上晒他/她的照片。你对此持有什么看法？请写下你的观点，以此参加本校英语校报的征文活动。
内容包括：1.支持或反对"晒娃照片"；
2.用2至3个理由支撑你的观点。
3.帮助他们想出解决问题的方法。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.第一句已给出。
While it is common for parents to post their children's photos online nowadays,some students around me are anxious about it._______
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ben was awakened by a gunshot（枪声）.He looked out toward the frozen lake.Near the trees he saw a shining piece of metal.When it moved,Ben saw that it was a long gun.A minute later a man wearing hunting clothes came out of the woods.
Suddenly a bird flew upward.The man quickly put the gun to his shoulder and shot.Ben watched the bird,praying it had not been hurt.It flew near the ground and went into some tall bushes.Safe,Ben thought.The hunter didn't move for a moment.Then he began to follow the bird. "No hunting!" Ben shouted, "No hunting on my property!" The man called back, "where can I hunt？"
Ben had just finished putting on his clothes when he heard another gunshot.He walked toward the lake.Fight was the last thing he wanted,but the man must go.Suddenly he heard a bird's wings beating the dry grass.Ben moved quickly towards the sound.He saw a colored head...the head of a beautiful bird.The bird flapped its wings,one of which was broken completely.
Ben lifted the bird and held it close against his body.It fought to escape,but soon lay quietly in Ben's arms.Ben decided to take the bird home and fix its broken wing so that it could fly again.He was almost through the woods when he heard the hunter behind him. "You just find that bird？the hunter asked,stepping closer and said, "Give me that bird!"
"You get off my hand," Ben told him.The man's face got red, "Mister," he said, "I have been hunting here all my life.I grew up here." Ben looked into the hunter's gray eyes,his voice raised,"I do not know who you are and I do not care.I own this place and I am telling you to leave!" "Now look,mister," the hunter insisted,"be reasonable." He raised his gun.A cold wind blew across Ben's face.He felt a chill（寒冷）go down his spine （脊背）.He could still give the bird to the hunter and return home safe.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Para.1
The bird struggled weakly and made a wild,strange noise.__________
Para.2
Ben watched until he was gone and went to the house.__________
答案和解析
1.【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】C
【解析】21．D．细节理解题．根据第二则广告Working days：Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays,10：30-16：00．可知他需要的人的工作时间大约是1个月，因此D项正确．
22．C．细节理解题．根据第三则广告最后2行This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.可知助理会计这一职位比较适合那些有办公室经验的毕业生．因此C项正确．
23．C．细节理解题．根据第四则广告的You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing.可知要想申请在 Palmlace Limited的工作，应聘者应该有电脑方面的知识以及要有编程方面的经验，因此C项正确．
本文介绍了四则广告，以及广告所招聘的人员的具体要求和信息．
本文介绍了四则广告，以及广告所招聘的人员的具体要求和信息．文本所给信息非常丰富，要求考生从中选出适合题目要求的信息．解此类题目时，考生可以先阅读题目和选项，了解具体要求，然后再仔细阅读文章，认真筛选甄别，这样的阅读就有的放矢，可以大大提高阅读的速度和效率．
4.【答案】
【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】A
【小题4】A
【解析】（1）C．细节理解题。根据文章第二段"The genius is not a know-it-all but a see-it-all,someone who,working with the material available to all of us,is able to make surprising and useful connections. （天才不是无所不知的人，而是能看到一切的人，他们利用我们所有人都能得到的材料，能够建立令人惊讶和有用的联系。）"和第五段"As philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer put it：Talent hits the target no one else can hit；genius hits the target no one else can see.（正如哲学家阿瑟•叔本华所说：天赋达到了别人无法达到的目标；天才达到了别人看不到的目标。）"可知，天才与天赋区别开来的关键因素是，天才能看到看得见的目标。故选C。
（2）B．细节理解题。根据文章第七段"As Plato observed, "What is honored in a country is cultivated there." What do we honor？Digital technology,and the convenience it represents,so naturally we get a Steve Jobs or a Mark Zuckerberg as our "geniuses"，which,in point of fact,they aren't. （正如柏拉图所说，"一个国家会培养他们引以为傲的东西"。我们以何为傲？数字技术以及它所带来的便利让我们很自然地赋予乔布斯或马克•扎克伯格"天才"的称号，但实际上，他们不是）"可知，A、C、D都有所提到，B"他们有非凡的智力"在原文中没有体现。故选B。
（3）A．推理判断题。根据文章第一段"We have so weakened "genius" that it's fast joining the company of "natural" and "mindful" （留心），words left inactive through overuse and misuse. （我们因为过度使用和误用，"天才"这个词很快和"纯天然"、"正念"这样的词一样，被削弱了词义，失去了原有的深度。）"可推断，我们应该停止对"纯天然"和"正念"的不当使用。故选A。
（4）A．标题判断题。根据文章第二段"We have so weakened "genius" that it's fast joining the company of "natural" and "mindful" （留心），words left inactive through overuse and misuse. （我们因为过度使用和误用，"天才"这个词很快和"纯天然"、"正念"这样的词一样，被削弱了词义，失去了原有的深度。）"根据第六段"We've lost sight of this truth,and too often grant the title of genius on talented people hitting visible targets. "（我们已丢失了"天才"这个词所蕴含的真谛，太过频繁地将"天才"这一头衔授予那些实现了看得见目标的有才之人）根据最后一段"We need to recover genius,and a good place to start is by putting the brakes on Genius Flooding."（我们需要收回"天才"这个词，而一个不错的开端就是限制对这个词的滥用。）由此可知，短文的最佳标题为"重新定义天才"。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了何为" 天才"，这个词已经被滥用，需要重新定义。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8.【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】A
【小题3】D
【小题4】B
【解析】答案：1-4AADB
1．A 句意推测题．根据文章大意及第一段They buy vast numbers of newspapers and magazines and of books及They still continue to buy"proper"books可知伦敦人会买大量的报纸、杂志和书，由此可以推测出伦敦人喜欢阅读．故选A．
2．A 细节理解题．根据文章第二段There are many streets in London containing shops which specialize in book-selling.Perhaps the best known of these is Charring Cross Road in the very heart of London.可知此地以它的书店而出名．故选A．
3．D 词义推测题．Although it may be the most convenient place for Londoners to buy books,Charring Cross Road is not the cheapest.可知在Charring Cross Road买书很方便，但是书不便宜，要想买便宜的二手书需要venture off the beaten track,应该指的是离开这个繁忙地带，故选D．
4．B 细节理解题．根据第三段的"The booksellers come along each morning and pour out their sacks of books onto small handcarts."可知在你可以看到售书人在手推车上卖书，故选B．
文章主要讲述伦敦人都爱读书，伦敦市区到处是书店，从出名的书店到街边小推车都是一些买书的好地方．
a阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．
12.【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】C
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段中"scientists constructed experiments that challenged bees to pull strings in order to access rewards of nectar.（科学家们做了一些实验，让蜜蜂拉动绳子以获得作为奖励的花蜜）可知，蜜蜂可以通过拉动绳子获得花蜜。故选A项。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第六段中"The team discovered that they could greatly increase the success rate of the bees by first placing them inside a transparent （透明的） box where they could observe an experienced bee pull the string（研究小组发现，首先把它们放在一个透明的盒子里，在那里它们可以观察到有经验的蜜蜂拉绳子，这样可以大大提高蜜蜂的成功率） "第七段中"Then,when the boxedbees were released,they often knew what to do and successfully pulled the string to obtain nectar.（然后，当盒子里的蜜蜂被释放时，它们通常知道该做什么，并成功地拉动绳子获得花蜜）"可知，盒子里的蜜蜂被放出来后，成功地模仿有经验的蜜蜂获得了花蜜。故选C项。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据第八段"Next,the researchers added a bee that was experienced in string puling to each of three new groups that had never seen the experiment before.Within a short time,about half of all those bees were soon pulling the strings.That result suggests the learned behavior could spread fom bee to bee,similar to the way cultural ideas spread in other animals,including people.（接下来，研究人员将一只有拉线经验的蜜蜂加入到之前从未见过这个实验的三个新组中。在很短的时间内，大约一半的蜜蜂很快就开始拉绳子。这一结果表明，习得的行为可以在蜜蜂之间传播，这与文化观念在包括人类在内的其他动物中传播的方式类似）"可推知，研究人员将有拉线经验的蜜蜂加入新组的目的是为了进行进一步的研究，看看习得的行为是否可以在蜜蜂之间传播。故选B项。
（4）C.细节理解题。根据最后一段中"The experiment suggests that social learning may be more widespread in the animal kingdom than people previously thought（实验表明，社会学习在动物王国中可能比人们之前认为的更普遍。可知，研究表示动物可能具有良好的社会学习能力。故选C项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员通过试验发现，蜜蜂可知通过观察来学习解决问题的能力，这表明习得的行为可以在蜜蜂之间传播，社会学习行为在动物王国中可能远超人们以往的认知。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16.【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】F
【小题3】A
【小题4】E
【小题5】G
【解析】（1）D.联系下文题。根据下文 One is that culture is a total pattern of behaviour that is consistent in its components.Another fundamental is that culture is learned behaviour.The third is that culture is behaviour that is shared by a group of people.可知，一，文化是行为的整体模式，它的组成部分是一致的。另一个基本原则是，文化是后天习得的行为。第三，文化是一群人共有的行为。故空格处应与文化的基本原则有关。D项意为"然而，在某些基本原则上是可以轻易确定的"，引出下文，符合语境。故选D。
（2）F.细节理解题。根据上文Material culture includes the tools and symbols in a society,not including those physical things found in nature,unless they have undergone some change or have been given meaning by people.可知，物质文化包括社会中的工具和符号，不包括那些在自然界中发现的物质，除非它们经历了一些变化或被人们赋予了意义。故空格处应与被定义为物质文化的事物有关。F项意为"例如，一只在街上跑的老鼠不是文化的一部分，但是米老鼠是"。承接上文，符合语境。故选F。
（3）A.联系下文题。根据下文Linked with all other aspects of culture,it reflects the nature and values of that culture.Industrialised societies have a rich vocabulary for commercial and industrial activities,while less industrialised societies may have richer vocabularies for matters important to their societies.可知，它与文化的所有其他方面相联系，反映了文化的性质和价值。工业化社会在商业和工业活动上有丰富的词汇，工业化较弱的社会在对其社会重要的事情上可能有更丰富的词汇。故空格处应与文化中涉及词汇的一个层面有关。A项意为"语言是文化最明显的区别"，引出下文，符合语境。故选A。
（4）E.联系上文题。根据上文 The primary kind of community association is based on blood ties 和下文 It provides mutual protection,psychological support,and a kind of economic insurance or social security for its members.可知，最主要的一种社区关联是以血缘关系为基础的。它为成员提供相互保护、心理支持和一种经济保险或社会保障。故空格处应与有血缘关系的社区关联有关。E项意为"在许多发展中国家，大家庭扮演着多种社会和经济角色。"承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
（5）G.联系上文题。根据上文 Understanding the various dimensions and their inter-relatedness helps promote cross-cultural awareness.可知，了解各方面及其相互关系有助于促进跨文化意识。故空格处应与了解这些的好处有关。G项意为"它促进善意、社会和经济规划以及社会团体或社会之间的和谐"，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
本文为夹叙夹议文。本文论述了从三个方面论述了什么是文化，如何理解文化，以及分析文化有何好处。
关于七选五的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21.【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】A
【小题5】B
【小题6】A
【小题7】C
【小题8】B
【小题9】C
【小题10】C
【小题11】C
【小题12】B
【小题13】D
【小题14】C
【小题15】A
【解析】（1）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.pretty漂亮的；B.tidy整洁的；C.large大的；D.empty空的。根据下一段"It's clear of books this year."可知，书架是空的。故选D项。
（2）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.respect尊敬；B.pride骄傲；C.concern关心；D.fear恐惧。根据下一段朋友问的问题""I'm looking at your online bookshelf right now.It's clear of books this year.Why？" she asked."可知，作者的朋友关切地询问作者。故选C项。
（3）B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.accounting for解释；B.thinking about思考关于……；C.depending on取决于；D.dividing up分配。根据后半句"the many hours I'd spent helping someone with their computer or browsing online news articles"可知，此处应该是作者边回答边思考。故选B项。
（4）A.考查短语及语境理解。A.instead of而不是；B.because of由于；C.apart from除了；D.along with与……一起。根据前文描写书架空了可知，作者没有花时间在阅读小说上。故选A项。
（5）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.write写；B.recommend推荐；C.transport运输；D.award奖赏。根据下一句"You always were my book buddy."可知，作者是Ashley的书友，会推荐有趣的书给她。故选B项。
（6）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.original原来的；B.popular流行的；C.common常见的；D.formal正式的。根据上文"I deleted a calendar event that was supposed to happen at 9：00 pm and typed into the description box ， "Read a novel.""可知，作者原先活动的时间到了。故选A项。
（7）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.expect期待；B.promise承诺；C.hesitate犹豫；D.forget忘记。根据下文"I finally pressed Play and sank into a cozy young-adult novel."可知，作者在阅读时间到来时犹豫了。故选C项。
（8）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.joy欢乐；B.determination决心；C.access通道、进入；D.support支持。根据下一句"I finally pressed Play"可知，作者下定了决心。故选B项。
（9）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.survive幸存；B.agree同意；C.relax放松；D.repeat重复。根据后半句"I was really enjoying myself."可知，作者很放松，很享受有声书。故选C项。
（10）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.personal个人的；B.hard困难的；C.valuable贵重的，宝贵的；D.limited有限的。根据上文"I soon （9）and noticed that I was really enjoying myself."可知，作者觉得阅读有声书是宝贵的时间。故选C项。
（11）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.sleep睡觉；B.help帮助；C.read读；D.reflect反射。根据后半句"for the second night"及上文"I deleted a calendar event that was supposed to happen at 9：00 pm and typed into the description box, "Read a novel.""可知，此处表示第二晚的阅读时间到来了。故选C项。
（12）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.longer更长的；B.easier更容易的；C.earlier更早的；D.quicker更快的。根据上文第一晚阅读时内心犹豫的描写及下文"I even turned off my phone and sank into bed with headphones on."可知，第二晚阅读比前一晚更容易了。故选B项。
（13）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.escape from逃脱；B.look for寻找；C.point to指向；D.turn on打开。根据上文"I even turned off my phone and sank into bed with headphones on."可知，作者打开手机给Ashley打电话。故选D项。
（14）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.finished完成；B.fixed修理；C.canceled取消；D.missed错过。根据下文"I'm glad to have my book buddy back."可知，作者取消了许多即将到来的预约，而把时间花在阅读上。故选C项。
（15）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited激动的；B.confused困惑的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.ambitious有野心的。根据下文"That's really great."可知，Ashley是激动的。故选A项。
本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者忙于琐事，无暇阅读小说，在朋友Ashley的提醒下，将阅读重新放到计划中，尝试阅读有声小说，再次回到阅读世界的故事。
完形填空是在单项填空的基础上发展起来的介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。它题材广泛，体裁多样。文章内容新颖、有趣、可读性强，具有鲜明的时代感，包括社会生活、风土人情、人文环境、人物传记等。
36.【答案】【小题1】spotted
【小题2】which
【小题3】survival
【小题4】to
【小题5】a
【小题6】them
【小题7】to greet
【小题8】but
【小题9】Sadly
【小题10】leaving
【解析】（1）spotted.考时态查。句意：她在照顾管理花园时，发现了一只大黄蜂。空处为句子谓语动词，由语境和上文时间状语Last spring可知，用spot的一般过去式形式，故填spotted。
（2）which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：最使她吃惊的是这个动物没有翅膀，这使得它不能飞。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的句子"大黄蜂没有翅膀"，在从非限制性句中做主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
（3）survival.考查名词。句意：这只昆虫有很小的机会幸存。介词后应用名词，survival表示抽象概念，不可数，故填survival。
（4）to.考查介词。句意：Fiona为这无助的大黄蜂建立了一个漂亮的花园，并用一些糖水来款待它。treat…to…是固定搭配，译为"用……来款待……"，故填to。
（5）a.考查冠词。句意：晴天的时候，Fiona把它取出来，带它外出散步。表示泛指，表示"一次"，应用不定冠词，且walk是辅音音素开头，故填a。
（6）them.考查代词。句意：很快他们之间就建立起了美好的友谊。between是介词，后接they的宾格形式them 作宾语，故填them。
（7）to greet.考查不定式。句意：每次Fiona在花园处停下来，她的小的新朋友就会出现来迎接她。分析句子结构可知，本空动词不定式做目的状语。故填to greet。
（8）but.考查连词。句意：大黄蜂的寿命一般是仅有18周，但是由于Fiona的悉心照顾，它活的时间更长。前后语意转折，连词but符合语境和逻辑，故填but。
（9）Sadly.考查副词。句意：令人难过的是，因为大黄蜂死，友谊再也不能持续了，给营救者留下美好的回忆。本空放于句首作状语，应用副词形式，同时注意首字母要大写，故填Sadly。
（10）leaving.考查现在分词。句意：令人难过的是，因为大黄蜂死，友谊再也不能持续了，给营救者留下美好的回忆。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非为谓语动词，表自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填leaving。
这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述的是Fiona和一只没有翅膀的大黄蜂的故事。
本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】While it is common for parents to post their children's photos online nowadays,some students around me are anxious about it.As for me,it's something acceptable.（支持"晒娃照片"）
In my opinion,posting children's photos online is beneficial to people and makes a child better known.【高分句型一】As a result,he is likely to have more chances to be successful in the future.It will also be easier for parents to communicate with their friends,for they have more to share with each other.【高分句型二】Besides,it's a way to strengthen an online social circle and connect with people we don't know before.（理由）
Although there may be some disadvantages that come with posting children's photos,it's not necessary to be too cautious about it.We should have confidence in our society.（帮助他们想出解决问题的方法）
【解析】高分句型一
In my opinion,posting children's photos online is beneficial to people and makes a child better known.
分析：句子里，动名词posting children's photos online作主语。
翻译：在我看来，把孩子们的照片上传到网上对人们是有益的，也会让孩子们更加出名。
高分句型二
It will also be easier for parents to communicate with their friends,for they have more to share with each other.
分析：句子里，for引导原因状语从句they have more to share with each other。
翻译：父母与朋友交流也会更容易，因为他们有更多的东西可以分享。
写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
38.【答案】Para.1
The bird struggledweakly and made a wild,strange noise.The sound made Ben's heart ache.Itseemed as if he could sense the bird's fear and helplessness.Holding the birdtightly in his arms,Ben knew that he just couldn't give up on this tiny life. 【高分句型一】He raised his eyes and looked directly into the hunter's.The firm and steadygaze sent a strong message to the hunter that by no means would he give in.There was a suffocating silence between the two men.Eventually,the hunter'srough voice broke the silence. "You are a fool." And then to Ben's greatrelief,he slowly walked away.（Ben出于对这只鸟的怜爱之情想救助它，与猎人抗争，终于使得猎人放弃）
Para.2
Ben watched until hewas gone and went to the house.He carefully laid the bird on the soft pillow,applied some medicine to the wound and bandaged its broken wing.Smoothing itsbeautiful feathers,he murmured in a soft voice to the bird, "You're going toOkay and soon you will be able to fly in the sky." Under his careful nursing,thebird recovered sooner than expected and in the meantime,a special bond seemedto be formed between the man and the bird.With the bird finally made its fullrecovery,Ben knew it was time to set it free.Though reluctant,watching thebird flapping its wings and soaring high into the sky,Ben smiled. 【高分句型二】The frozenlake,the quiet woods and the flying bird made the place a paradise.（Ben是如何救助这只鸟的，治疗伤口，安慰情绪，直到痊愈将其放生）
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Ben被猎枪声惊醒，看到一位猎人手持猎枪射击打中了一只鸟。Ben在干草垛中发现了这只翅膀受伤的鸟，将它抱起，想要救助它。被猎人发现后，与猎人发生了争执，猎人气愤之下举起猎枪瞄向了Ben。Ben有些害怕，但出于对这只鸟的同情，还是鼓起勇气与猎人抗争，终于保护下这只鸟，并救好了它。待痊愈时，Ben将这只鸟放生，他万般不舍还是让它离开获得自由。
高分句型一：Holding the bird tightly in his arms,Ben knew that he just couldn't give up on this tiny life.
译文：本把鸟紧紧地抱在怀里，他知道自己不能放弃这种渺小的生命。
分析：这句话使用现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句。
高分句型二：Though reluctant,watching the bird flapping its wings and soaring high into the sky,Ben smiled.
译文：尽管不情愿，看着鸟儿拍打着翅膀高高地飞上天空，本还是笑了。
分析：这句话使用though引导省略的让步状语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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