2021届高考英语复习之真题重点词汇短语及练习（十九）

2021高考英语复习之真题重点词汇短语及练习（十九）
2017-2020熟词生义词块1：address熟义：n. 地址 vt. 写地址；演说生义：vt. 处理(deal with) 出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅲ卷)The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems. 2：complex熟义：adj. 复杂的生义：n. 联合体，综合楼出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅲ卷) Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located. 3：creative熟义：adj. 创造(性)的生义：n. 创意；创作素材出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅲ卷) For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative. 4：deal 熟义：v. 处理；n. 买卖生义：n. 即将发生的事；要紧事出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅱ卷)He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it.5：allow熟义：vt. 允许生义：vt. 使能够出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅱ卷)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above…6：anchor熟义：n. 锚  v. 抛锚 生义：vt. 把……固定出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅰ卷) My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree. 7：appreciation熟义：n. 欣赏；感激生义：n. 理解；认识出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅱ卷)I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds. 8：attack熟义：v.袭击；攻击生义：v.抨击；责骂出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅲ卷) When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. 9：average 熟义：adj. 平均的生义：adj. 普通的出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅱ卷) Freddy was an average student, but not an average person. 10：bear 熟义：vt.忍受，容忍 生义：vt.携带出现生义的真题例句：(2018全国Ⅲ卷) He turned up at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. 11：constant 熟义：adj. 经常的；连续不断的生义：adj. 恒久不变的；稳定的出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅲ卷)…we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. 12：couple熟义：n.一对夫妇生义：v.结合，连接出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅱ卷) That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: ...13：cry熟义：vi.哭，喊生义：vi.发出警报出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅱ卷) It’s a plant’s way of crying out.14：delicious熟义：adj. 美味的生义：adj. 令人愉快的出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅲ卷) This delicious tour goes through  the  city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF.15：design熟义：v. 设计生义：vt. 计划; 意欲出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅱ卷) They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.16：dig熟义：v. 挖掘生义：v. 刻苦钻研出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅱ卷)We were respectful of craft(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. 17：duty熟义：n. 责任，义务生义：n. 作用出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅱ卷)Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. 18：employ熟义：v.雇用生义：v.应用；运用出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅰ卷) The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work.19：escape 熟义：v.逃跑，逃走生义：n.解脱；消遣出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅱ卷) A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. 20：feed熟义：vt.喂养，饲养 生义：vt. 满足出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅰ卷) Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? 21：feed熟义：vt.喂养，饲养 生义：vt.把……投入(容器或机器中) 出现生义的真题例句：(2018全国Ⅱ卷)This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below. 22：figure熟义：n.数字；人物生义：v.认为，以为出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅱ卷) I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as close to it as I am to my dogs. 23：fine 熟义：adj. 好的; 健康的;晴朗的生义：v. 罚款出现生义的真题例句：(2017全国Ⅲ卷)…we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. 24：fuel熟义：n.燃料生义：v.加强；刺激出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅲ卷)…how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. 25：get around 熟义：传播；流传；各处走动生义：克服(困难或问题)出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅰ卷) Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device (装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. 26：goal 熟义：n.目标，目的生义：n.射门；进球得分出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅱ卷) Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal. 27：home熟义：n.家，住所生义：n.发源地；发祥地出现生义的真题例句：(2019全国Ⅲ卷)…Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion shows. 28：jump熟义：v. 跳跃生义：v. 猛涨；激增出现生义的真题例句：(2018全国Ⅱ卷)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. 课后练习（一） According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she's having” effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I?1.What is the recent study mainly about?A.Food safety.                B.Movie viewership.C.Consumer demand.        D.Eating behavior.2.What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to?A.Big eaters.            B.Overweight persons.C.Picky eaters.       D.Tall thin persons.3.Why did the researchers hire the actor?A.To see how she would affect the participants.B.To test if the participants could recognize her.C.To find out what she would do in the two tests.D.To study why she could keep her weight down.4.On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph?A.How hungry we are. B.How slim we want to be.C.How we perceive others. D.How we feel about the food.参考答案：DDAC课后练习（二）In 1812,the year Charles Dickens was born,there were 66 novels published in Britain.People had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—but nobody wanted to do it professionally.The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages;the literacy(识字) rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors,often with something like “By a lady.”Novels,for the most part,were looked upon as silly,immoral or just plain bad.In 1870,when Dickens died,the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher,famous and beloved,who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters—from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim—were held up as moral touchstones.Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pantheon(名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top?For all the feelings readers attach to stories,literature is a numbers game,and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age,from 1837 to 1901;today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them.It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social,political and scientific progress.But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center.No one will ever know what mix of talent,ambition,energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches,it is possible—and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.1.Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A.They were difficult to understand.B.They were popular among the rich.C.They were seen as nearly worthless.D.They were written mostly by women.2.Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress 　　　. A.his reputation in FranceB.his interest in modern artC.his success in publicationD.his importance in literature3.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A.To remember a great writer.B.To introduce an English novel.C.To encourage studies on culture.D.To promote values of the Victorian age.参考答案：C D A