2021届高考英语阅读高频词汇复习（六） 学案
展开2021高考英语阅读高频词汇复习（六）
目录 | 内容 |
Exercise 1 | 阅读高频词汇梳理与解析 |
Exercise 2 | 高考英语阅读理解练习 |
Exercise 3 | 新题型写作练习 |
Exercise 1：高频词汇梳理与解析
① prominent a. 突出的
② prompt vt. 促使 a. 敏捷的，及时的
③ prospect n. 前景，前途；景象
④ prosperity n.兴旺，繁荣
⑤ region n. 地区；范围；幅度
⑥ register v./n.登记，注册
⑦ sophisticated a. 老于世故的，老练的；很复杂的
⑧ splendid a. 极好的，壮丽的，辉煌的
⑨ stable a. 稳定的
⑩ strategic a. 战略（上）的，关键的
⑪ strategy n. 战略，策略
⑫ substance n. 物质；实质
⑬ substantial a. 可观的；牢固的；实质的
⑭ tense a. 紧张的 v. 拉紧 n. 时态
⑮ tension n. 紧张（状态），张力
⑯ variable a. 易变的，可变的
⑰ venture n. 风险投资，风险项目 v. 冒险；取于
⑱ version n. 版本，译本；说法
⑲ vivid a. 生动的
⑳ vocabulary n. 词汇（量）；词汇表
21 waist n. 腰，腰部
22 weld v./n. 焊接
23 yawn vi. 打哈欠
24 yield vi. (to)屈服于；让出，放弃 n. 产量
25 zone n. 地区，区域
26 automatic a. 自动的
27 auxiliary a. 辅助的，备用的
28 awful a. 极坏的，威严的，可怕的
29 awkward a. 笨拙的，棘手的
30 clue n. 线索，提示
31 collision n. 碰撞，冲突
32 compete vi. 竞争，比赛
33 competent a. 有能力的，能胜任的
34 competition n. 竞争，比赛
35 decline v. 拒绝，谢绝；下降
Exercise 2 高考英语阅读理解练习
Most dog owners are convinced that their four-legged friends know exactly what they mean when they use certain words like “sit” “stay” or “treat”. However, researchers have always wondered whether dogs really understand human speech or if they rely on other information to get the meaning. For example, does the word“fetch” form a picture of a stick or a ball in the dog’s mind, or does the dog bring back the object based on the owner’s voice or gesture?A new study by scientists at Atlanta’s Emory University seems to indicate that “man’s best friend” does indeed know what the owner is saying.
The researchers began by asking the owners of twelve dogs of various kinds to train their pets to identify two toys of different materials, such as a toy animal and a ball. Once the dogs had mastered the task, they took turns inside a special scanner. The owners then tested their dogs’ language skill by first calling out the names of the toys they had been trained to recognize and then saying meaningless words such as “bobbu” and “bodmick” while holding up random objects the dogs hadn’t seen before.
The scans suggested that the parts of the dogs’ brains responsible for processing sounds showed different brain patterns when they heard words they were familiar with, compared with the ones they had never heard before. While that was not enough to prove that the dogs were picturing their toys when they heard the words, it did indicate some sort of recognition. The researchers believe this is an important step in understanding how dogs process language.
Something even more interesting was that the dogs’ brains showed a higher level of neural(神经的) activity at the sound of unknown words. This is the exact opposite of what happens in human brains, which get more active at the sound of familiar words. The researchers say the dogs may become cheerful at the sound of new words to try to understand them in the hope of delighting their masters. “Dogs want to please their owners, and perhaps also want to receive praise or food,” says Emory neuroscientist Gregory Berns, senior author of the study.
However, though your pet may understand human speech, the scientists recommend using visual signals and smell for training. “When people want to teach their dog a trick, they often use spoken commands because that’s what we humans prefer,” Prichard says. “From the dog’s view, however, a visual command might be more effective, helping the dog learn the trick faster.”
1.What’s the purpose of the new study?
A.To convince dog owners to understand their dogs.
B.To advise dog owners to treat their dogs kindly.
C.To prove that dogs follow owners’ order by listening.
D.To test out how dogs get information from owners.
2.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?
A.Inform the result of the research.
B.State the process of the research.
C.Stress the importance of the research.
D.Introduce the subjects of the research.
3.How do human brains and dog brains react to words?
A.Human brains become active in unfamiliar words.
B.Dog brains become delighted at unfamiliar words.
C.Human brains are not sensitive to familiar words.
D.Dog brains show no response to familiar words.
4.What do scientists advise the owners to do in dog training?
A.Give dogs oral commands.
B.Teach dogs new tricks.
C.Involve sight and smell.
D.Encourage faster learning.
参考答案：DBBC
Exercise 3 新题型写作练习
At first, Michael Surrell didn't see the black smoke or flames shooting from the windows of his neighbors' home. He and his wife had just parked around the corner from their own house in Allentown, Pennsylvania, when they got a call from one of his daughters: “The house next door is on fire! ” He went to investigate. That's when he saw a woman crying desperately on their porch.
“The baby' s in there! ” the woman cried. Though the fire department had been called, Surrell, then 64, instinctively ran inside. “The baby” was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman's granddaughter.
Entering the burning house was like “running into a bucket of black paint,” Surrell says. The thick smoke caused him to stumble blindly around, burned his eyes, and made it impossible to breathe. The conditions would have been dangerous to anyone, but for Surrell, who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （慢性阻塞性肺病）, they were life-threatening.
After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he retreated outside to catch his breath. Surrell knew he couldn't hold his breath for long. Taking a deep breath, he went in a second time. The darkness was overwhelming. Yet because the house had a similar layout （布局）to h is, he found the stairs and made it to the second floor. He turned to the right and was met by intense heat. He was already out of breath.
His throat and lungs burned as if he'd breathed in fire instead of the smoke and soot in the air. Every blink stung his eyes. All he could hear was the crackling and popping of burning wood. Then a soft but distinct moan （呻吟声） emerged. Still unable to see, Surrell fell to his knees on the hot wood floor. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of the girl.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 词左右；
2. 至少使用 5 个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
Finally, he touched something — a shoe, then an ankle.
___________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Surrell woke up in the hospital a couple of days later.
___________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph1:
Finally, he touched something-a shoe, then an ankle. He pulled Tiara toward him. Her body was weak and she wasn't breathing. He hugged her into his arms and stood. He felt the heat of the flames on his cheeks. Turning, he fought through the smoke and ran blindly into the blackness. Surrell put Tiara down on the porch. He started CPR-the first time he’d ever done so. Soon she opened her eyes and took a breath on her own. Surrel's throat closed off.
Paragraph 2:
Surrell woke up in the hospital a couple of days later. He suffered severe burns to his windpipe and the upper portion of his lungs. He spent over a week in the hospital. The fire worsened Surrell’s pulmonary condition, and he feels the effects even two years later. As a result, he takes extra medication that helps open his airways. “It’s a small price to pay,” he says. “I’d do it again in a heartbeat. Wouldn't give it a second thought.”
