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2020版高考英语精准备考一轮新高考地区（鲁琼辽）专用版讲义：Book3Module2
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基础知识默写
1.hunger n.饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的
2.income n.收入
3.poverty n.贫穷→poor adj.贫穷的
4.development n.发展→develop v.发展→developing adj.发展中的→developed adj.发达的
5.measure vt.测定；测量；评估 n.尺度；标准；措施 →measurement n.测量
6.goal n.目标 v.进球
7.position n.位置 v.放在合适的位置；驻扎
8.educate vt.教育；培养；训练→education n.教育→educator n.教育家→educated adj.受过教育的
9.figure n.数字；人物；身材；图形 v.认为；计算
10.homeless adj.无家可归的
11.charity n.慈善团体
12.crowded adj.拥挤的→crowd n.人群；vt.挤满
13.similarity n.类似；相似→similar adj.相似的 →similarly adv.相似地
14.location n.位置；所在地→locate v.使坐落于；确定位置→located adj.位于
15.smart adj.漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的
16.exchange n.&v.交换；互换
17.unfortunate adj.不幸的；遗憾的→unfortunately adv.不幸地→fortunate(反)adj.幸运的→fortune n.运气；财富→fortunately adv.幸运地
18.polluted adj.受到污染的→pollute vt.污染→pollution n.污染 →pollutant n.污染物
19.tourism n.旅游业→tour v.& n.旅游，巡回演出→tourist n.游客
20.entertainment n.娱乐→entertain v.使欢乐→entertaining adj.令人愉快的→entertained adj.愉快的
21.household n.一家人；家庭adj.家庭的；家里的
22.inhabitant n.居民→inhabit vt.居住在；栖息于
23.freeway n.高速公路
24.vast adj.巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的
25.transport n.交通工具
26.industrial adj.工业的
27.up to直到；多达
28.at the top/bottom of在……顶端/底部
29.move out of脱离；摆脱
30.make progress取得进步
31.make efforts努力
32.in particular尤其是，特别
33.be connected with与……有联系；与……有关
34.be/get close to接近；靠近
35.such as像；诸如
36.as a result 因此，结果
37.Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number 7.挪威高居榜首，而美国则名列第七。
38.However，in other regions of the world，e.g.Eastern Europe，water is now mostly safe to drink.
然而，在世界的其他地区，例如东欧，现在大部分水饮用起来很安全。
39.It’s an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age，and which have similar features such as tourism，industry，culture and entertainment.
这是大小和历史相似的城镇或城市之间的协议，它们有相似的特点，如：旅游业、工业、文化和娱乐。
40.This is because living with a foreign family for one or two weeks means that you have to speak their language，and as a result you improve fast.
这是因为和外国家庭在一块儿生活一两周就意味着你不得不说他们的语言，所以你会进步很快的。
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.The geographical position(位置) attracted the early settlers to New York City.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
2.The farmers might suffer some loss of income(收入) but no one would starve.
3.Tsinghua University is home to a great number of outstanding figures(人物).
4.All of this makes the actions of the homeless(无家可归的) Tom Smith even more remarkable.
(2018·北京)
5.Italy is trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange(交换) for work permits，or in some cases，citizenship.(2017·浙江)
6.The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty(poor) had written a new chapter in the history of sports.(2016·江苏)
7.Recent development(develop) has made possible machines that print，cook，and serve foods on a mass scale.(2018·天津)
8.You must have a good education(educate)，but practical training is equally important.
9.The train was so crowded(crowd) that we had to stand.
10.Unfortunately(fortunately), you must carry the necessary equipment with you，since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
11.The most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution(pollute).(2017·江苏)
12.My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 in support of a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger(hungry).(2017·天津)
13.There is a striking similarity(similar) between the two designs.
14.Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment(entertain).(2018·全国Ⅲ)
15.Every year，a good many tourists(tour) are attracted to visit the old tower dating back to the eleventh century.
Ⅱ.选词成篇
In 2010,1.up to 189 heads of state gathered in New York to set a number of goals,2. such as protecting the environment，educating children and 3. in particular，cutting poverty.The leaders agreed to 4. make efforts to meet the goals by 2025.
According to a UN report，developing countries have 5.made progress in getting their people 6.moved out of poverty.
For example，China is 7. at the top of the list.According to the government，the development of China 8.is connected with the support of Chinese people.9.As a result，China 10.is close to achieving the goals and plans to lend a hand to other countries in need.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.Some people are motivated by a need for success，while others are motivated by a fear of failure.(while)
有些人受到成功需求的激励，而另外一些人却被失败的恐惧所驱动。
2.The apartment you recommended to me is comfortable to live in.(“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构)
你向我推荐的那套公寓住起来很舒适。
3.If I feel what I am buying is of great value，I’ll pay the price.(“be＋of＋抽象名词”结构)
如果我觉得我要买的那个东西很有价值，那我就会把它买下来。
4.Some people succeed，while others may not.This is because some people possess certain qualities，which others do not.(This is because...)
有些人成功了，而其他的人则没能成功。这是因为有些人拥有一些特质，而其他人则没有。
1.“收入”面面观
(1)income n.收入
(2)pay n.报酬
(3)salary n.(按月发的)薪水
(4)wage n.(按小时、日、周计的)工资
(5)pension n.养老金；退休金
2.“大”集合
(1)vast adj.巨大的；庞大的
(2)large adj.巨大的；身材高大的
(3)big adj.大的
(4)grand adj.盛大的
(5)great adj.巨大的
3.条条大“路”
(1)freeway n.高速公路
(2)highway n.公路
(3)railway n.铁路
(4)expressway n.高速公路
(5)railroad n.铁路
4.“名词＋y变为形容词”高频词汇扫描
(1)hunger→hungry 饥饿的
(2)anger→angry 生气的
(3)thirst→thirsty 渴的
(4)cloud→cloudy 多云的
(5)wealth→wealthy 富裕的
(6)health→healthy 健康的
5.“努力做某事”汇总
(1)make efforts/every effort to do sth.
(2)try/do one’s best to do sth.
(3)go all out to do sth.
(4)do all that sb.can to do sth.
(5)do what sb.can to do sth.
6.“在某人看来”的多种表达
(1)in one’s opinion
(2)in one’s view
(3)from one’s point of view
(4)as far as sb.be concerned
(5)as for sb.
development n.发展；发育；成长；进展情况；发展阶段
(1)with the development of随着……的发展
(2)develop v.开发；发展；壮大；增强；发育
develop from从……中长出来(产生出)，由……发展成
develop into(使)发展成/变成……
(3)developing adj.发展中的
developed adj.发达的
(1)The GPS，originally developed(develop) by the U.S.military，covers the whole world.
(2)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be emailing each other，for we will have developed(develop) more convenient electronic communication tools by then.(2018·江苏)
(3)Though China is a developing(develop) country now，its position in the world can’t be ignored.
(4)With the development of technology(随着技术的发展)，computer also advances quickly.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中develop的汉语意思
(5)Sure enough，most of the plants developed the disease. C
A.生长 B.冲洗 C.患(病)
measure v.测量；估量；判定
n.措施；尺度；标准；计量制
(1)take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事
make sth.to one’s measure照某人的尺寸做某物
(2)measure...by...用……来衡量……
be measured by/in用……来衡量/计算
(3)measurement n.尺寸；大小；测量
(1)The coat was made to your measure.
(2)You should take effective measures/steps/action(采取有效措施) to improve your working conditions.
(3)We finally bought a house，measuring(measure) 6×6 metres.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中measure的汉语意思
(4)The picture measures 10 by 14 inches. B
A.测量 B.(尺寸等)量度为…… C.措施
position n.位置，方位；地位；状况，处境；职位，职务
in position在适当的位置；在应在的位置
out of position不在适当的位置；不得其所
[写出下列句子中position的汉语意思]
(1)I’m not sure what I would do if I were in your position.处境
(2)She holds the position of sales manager.职位，职务
(3)From his position on the cliff top，he had a good view of the harbour.位置
[单句语法填空]
(4)Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中position的汉语意思
(5)What’s the Party’s Position on tax reform？ A
A.见解；立场；态度 B.职位 C.地位
figure n.数字；身材，体形；人物；雕像，塑像；图形
v.计算；认为
keep one’s figure保持体形
figure out弄懂；计算；想出，理解
(1)A team of scientists have finally been able to figure out how and why young sunflowers move.
(2018·黑龙江哈尔滨三中二模)
[写出下列句子中figure的汉语意思]
(2)She has a good figure.身材，体形
(3)By 2014，this figure had risen to 14 million.数字
(4)Chairman Mao is an important political figure.人物
[图解助记]
in an effort to do sth.为了做某事
spare no effort(s) to do sth.不遗余力地做某事
without effort毫不费力地
with effort努力地，艰难地
(1)More efforts，as reported，will be made(make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supplyside structural reform.(2016·江苏)
正如报道的，今后几年将加大力度，加快供给侧结构改革。
(2)Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort(s) to pave the way for their success.
家长为孩子安排一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。
(3)The strong young man removed the rock without effort.那个壮实的年轻小伙子没费多大劲便把石块搬开了。
(4)因此，电影业应该作出更大的努力来吸引更多的观众。(2017·江苏)
Therefore，the film industry should make greater efforts to attract more viewers.
Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number 7.
挪威高居榜首，而美国则名列第七。
while用法较多，既可用作连词，也可用作名词。
(1)表示“在……期间；当……时候”，指一段时间，引导时间状语从句；
(2)表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句；
(3)表示“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句；
(4)表示“而；却”，是并列连词，构成并列句；
(5)用作名词，表示“一会儿；一段时间”，如：after a while过了一会儿；once in a while偶尔，间或。
(1)Give your body and brain a rest by stopping outside for a while，exercising，or doing something you enjoy.(2016·全国Ⅱ)
出去走走，让你的身体和大脑休息一会儿，去锻炼或者做你喜欢的事情。
(2)The telephone rang while I was walking in the garden.我在花园里散步时，电话响了。
(3)While I admit it’s very difficult，I can solve it.
虽然我承认这很难，但我能解决它。
[句式升级]
(4)Traveling can broaden your mind，but it’s not a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.(用让步状语从句改写)
While traveling can broaden your mind，it’s not a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
It’s an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age，and which have similar features such as tourism，industry，culture and entertainment.这是大小和历史相似的城镇或城市之间的协议，它们有相似的特点，如：旅游业、工业、文化和娱乐。
(1)“of＋抽象名词”可转化为相应的形容词。这类名词有value，use，importance，help，interest等。它们可用no，some，any，little，much，great等词修饰。
(2)有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，这类名词包括size，weight，height，length，width，age，opinion，colour，price，kind，type，shape，way，quality等。这类名词根据具体的情景而变复数形式，也可在其前加冠词。
(1)A good breakfast is of importance(important) to your health.
一顿丰盛的早餐对健康很重要。
(2)The two boys are of an age.
这两个男孩年龄相仿。
(3)[一句多译] 这本词典对英语学习者非常有用。
①The dictionary is of great use to learners of English.
②The dictionary is very useful to learners of English.
(4)此外，为了更好地掌握中国文化，了解课堂内容——唐诗，对你来说十分重要。
(2017·全国Ⅰ)
What’s more，in order to have much knowledge of Chinese culture，it is of importance for you to be aware of the content，Tang poetry.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester，a tool developed(develop) just a couple of years ago by a young farmer for example.(2018·江苏)
2．Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.
3．And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin’s chicken house in exchange for manure(肥料)．
4．We were put into a position where we had either to accept we were less important，or fight the government.
5．Scott’s last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger(hungry)，caught the world’s imagination.(2016·全国Ⅱ)
6．They began to integrate(融合) the kinds of play and teamwork and played aggressively and even scored a goal.
7．Although these measures(measure) are not effective forever，they are vital for now.(2016·北京)
8．The aim of the project is to clean up the polluted(pollute) land as soon as possible.
9．The flood in the region have killed hundreds，making(make) thousands homeless.
10．Located(locate) on top of the mountain，the temple is accessible to tourists only on foot.
Ⅱ.单元知识运用
写作素材(关于城市)
1．无锡和青岛，具有相似的特点，它们都是成功发展的例子。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
2．无锡不仅是重要的交通中心，而且是一个重要的工业城市。(not only引起的部分倒装)
3．相似地，青岛是一个现代化的城市，交通便利，适合居住。(主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式)
4．两个城市都在采取措施消除贫困，改善环境，并努力确保所有孩子都接受教育。
5．随着社会的发展，所有居民将过比以前更快乐的生活。
连句成篇——根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文
Wuxi and Qingdao 11.have similar features，which are both examples of successful development.12.Not only is Wuxi an important transportation center，but it is also 13.a vital industrial city.Similarly，Qingdao，a modern city with convenient transportation,14.is pleasant to live in.Both cities are 15.taking measures to get rid of poverty，improve the environment，and 16.make efforts to ensure all children get education.17.With the development of the society,18.all inhabitants will live a happier life than before.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
话题：体育 难度星级：☆☆
(2018·嘉兴模拟)
When Carson Palmer，a professional American football player，hurt his arm a few years ago，he took a week off from throwing the football.But in his head，Palmer practiced every day.The following weekend，Palmer had the best game of his life.
For more than a century，scientists have been trying to understand how this mental training works.In the 1930s，researchers proved by experiment that when you’re imagining an action，your brain sends signals to your muscles(肌肉) which are too weak to tighten the muscles but might help train the body to perform.In other words，mental practice might create a pattern in your head，like an inner howto guide for a particular skill.
Sports psychologists have conducted hundreds of studies comparing imagined and physical practice for actions.On the whole，the research shows that mental training works.A 2012 study，for example，compared 32 amateur golfers who practiced hitting the balls to another 32 who merely held a golf club in their hands and visualized(想象) their swings.Under the same training rules，both groups improved their skills by getting the ball about 4 inches closer to the hole.
Visualization has advantages over the real thing: You can do it anywhere，even when injured.It is safe—a major plus for highrisk performers such as gymnasts and surgeons.And you can practice for longer periods of time because you’re not restricted by physical tiredness.“That’s not to say it’s easy，we’ve had Olympiclevel athletes sitting in our lab，visualizing the movements for two hours，” says Tadhg Macintyre，a sports psychologist at the University of Limerick in Ireland.“When we’re done，they’re absolutely tired.”
It doesn’t work for everyone，though.“If you’re a novice，the effect can be harmful，” warns Macintyre.“If you’re trying to visualize a free throw，and you don’t even know the proper movement，then you’re probably going to mentally practice the wrong skill.”
语篇解读 本文通过职业橄榄球运动员卡森·帕尔默手臂骨折后，一直用意念练习打球，结果在比赛中表现出色这一事例，说明了通过在脑海中想象来训练技能会产生意想不到的结果。
19．What happens when one is visualizing an action?
A．A special skill is quickly acquired.
B．A certain model is formed in the head.
C．The muscles grow increasingly tense.
D．The brain sends strong messages to the body.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的第二、三句可知，科学家发现当我们想象一个动作时，我们就会在脑海中产生一个模型。故选B。
20．What does the underlined word “novice” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Coach. B．Specialist.
C．Beginner. D．Judge.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。通读最后一段可知，画线词所在句的下一句“If you’re trying to visualize a free throw，and you don’t even know the proper movement，then you’re probably going to mentally practice the wrong skill.”是对画线词所在的进一步说明，由句意可知，画线词的意思是“初学者”。故选C。
21．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Athletes are likely to win games through imagined practice.
B．Practicing a skill properly in mind can produce intended effect.
C．Practice whether mental or physical has its own characteristics.
D．Scientists have found a safe way for athletes to practice their skills.
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要通过职业橄榄球运动员卡森·帕尔默手臂骨折后，一直用意念练习打球，结果在比赛中表现出色这一事例，进一步说明了通过在脑海中想象来训练技能会产生想要的结果。故选B。
话题：兴趣与爱好 难度星级：☆
It’s no secret that your personal characteristics directly affect how you interact with the world—but you might be surprised at just how deeply it goes.Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you.
Highly Sensitive
“Highly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed.Additionally，they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout，” says researcher Elaine Aron.
For such people，individual or noncompetitive activities like biking，running and hiking are ideal.
Type A Personality
Type A individuals often have an “all or nothing approach” to exercise.This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan，not to mention being super competitive.However，this can cause them to stick too closely to a fitness routine，which means they might try to push past an injury.
To get better exercise results，Type A people need to be aware that following an exercise plan too strictly may limit their progress.They should be more flexible and listen to their body，especially when they are in pain.
Type B Personality
This laidback group may get too lazy about their exercise plan，which prevents them from seeing results.They are often less willing to devote enough time and energy to their fitness goals，especially if exercise is something that makes them anxious.
Type B individuals succeed in creative and cooperative environments，so team sports and group gym classes may be perfect.
Remember，there are plenty of ways you can adopt a fitness plan to suit your needs，regardless of your characteristics.Just keep in mind what you like.
语篇解读 本文介绍了不同人的不同性格类型会影响到人们体育锻炼的方式和所适合的运动类型，同时对不同个性的人的锻炼方式提出了一些建议。
22．Why might highly sensitive people be unwilling to take part in group sports?
A．They will feel they are being evaluated.
B．They don’t like socializing with other people.
C．They don’t consider themselves to be athletic.
D．They fear they’ll be let down by their teammates.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据Highly Sensitive标题下第一段第一句中的“where they feel their every move is being observed”和第二句中的“they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout”可知，高度敏感的人感觉自己的每个动作都会被观察，而且担心自己锻炼不奏效或效果差。即他们觉得他们在被评估。
23．Type A Personality can be best described as .
A．committed B．flexible
C．independent D．sensitive
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据Type A Personality标题下第一段第二句中的“This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan”和本标题下第二段最后一句给出建议“They should be more flexible...”可推知，他们是坚定的。
24．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To help people understand what personality type they are.
B．To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habits.
C．To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exercise.
D．To describe different types of workouts that are available today.
答案 B
解析 写作目的题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you.”及全文内容可知，本文旨在说明人们的不同性格如何影响他们的体育锻炼方式，以及他们适合哪种运动。
话题：现代技术 难度星级：☆☆☆
Smartphones have been blamed for everything from taking drivers’ attention from driving to keeping people on the sofa scrolling(滚屏) videos.But the smartphone that seems to be everywhere could just as easily increase physical activity if it pushes its owner’s buttons in the right way.
New research shows that making social connections through activitytracking apps gets people to move more.And a separate study on this summer’s “Pokemon Go” phenomenon shows that the smartphone game got players to take thousands more steps than usual.Together，the studies show the potential for smartphones to push a range of people to be more active.
People who linked with friends on the activitytracking app increase their steps by 400 a day on average over the next week，compared with people who made no social connections，according to Tim Althoff and two other computer scientists at Stanford University.The effect of social connections declined，but remained significant for five months before the numbers fell back even with users who made no connections.
Such insights show the promise of smartphones and games to help with one of the most stubborn public health problems—that even people who want to be active have trouble staying active.
An NBA videogame，for example，gives players extra powers in the game if they reach a step goal in real life.The app “Zomies，Run！” uses audio stories to push people to run more or run faster.
Still，there is room for growth：Only about 4% of all health apps use “gamification，” such as pointscoring or competition，according to a study published in October in BMJ Open.“Gamification is actually quite closely linked with behavior change techniques，” says Dr Elizabeth Ann Edwards，the study’s lead author and a doctor and researcher at Queen Mary University of London.
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用说明文。智能手机在许多方面受到人们的谴责，但是无处不在的智能手机如果运用恰当的话还是有利于人们的锻炼的。比如“Pokemon Go” 智能手机游戏让玩家比平时多走了数千步，而应用“Zomies Run！”使用音频故事推动人们跑得更频繁或更快。
25．What does the author think of smartphones?
A．They lead to people’s lack of physical activity.
B．They will make people have more connections.
C．They can have videogames more interesting.
D．They can involve their users in more exercise.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But the smartphone that seems to be everywhere could just as easily increase physical activity(但似乎无处不在的智能手机同样可以增加体力活动)”，可知作者认为智能手机能增加锻炼，故选D。
26．According to “Pokemon Go” phenomenon，smartphone users become more active because .
A．they have more social connections
B．they get extra powers in life
C．the games increase physical activity
D．a life goal has been set step by step
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘Pokemon Go’ phenomenon shows that the smartphone game got players to take thousands more steps than usual.Together，the studies show the potential for smartphones to push a range of people to be more active.”可知这个游戏让玩家多走了数千步，即增加了体力运动。故选C。
27．Who are most likely to exercise more?
A．Video watchers on the sofa.
B．Smartphone game lovers.
C．People with no social connections.
D．People with trouble staying active.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，在一个NBA视频游戏中，如果玩家在现实生活中实现了一个阶梯式目标，游戏开发商就给他们在游戏中额外的权限。应用“Zomies Run！”用音频故事来推动人们跑得更频繁或更快。由此可推知是那些喜欢手机游戏的人锻炼较多，故选B。
28．How does the author try to argue the ease of smartphones?
A．By showing the results of some researches.
B．By explaining the functions of smartphones.
C．By giving vivid description of some games.
D．By analyzing the causes of public health problems.
答案 A
解析 写作手法题。通读全文可知作者是通过展示一些研究成果来论证手机的易用性的。故A项正确。
Ⅳ.七选五
Soccer fans in rural Zambia are able to watch live 2018 World Cup broadcasts for the first time thanks to a Chinese company.The company helped the villagers get their first taste of satellite television through a project that aims to offer the service to villages in Africa. 29 The youngsters really treasured this chance.
The satellite television project started last August by the company StarTimes. 30 It wants to help African countries accelerate agricultural modernization and realize independent and sustainable(可持续的) development.
31 According to a local newspaper，rural farmers will have access to monitoring weather patterns and market prices for agricultural products.Locals will be able to watch members of government and parliament during live broadcasts.The program is an example of how Chinese companies can make profits and be socially responsible at the same time.
32 It also has its own channels that broadcast Chinese television programs such as talent shows，soap operas that have been dubbed(为……配音) into local languages，and other programs that attempt to introduce Chinese culture.
To overcome the problem of power shortages in rural Africa，StarTimes will also provide television sets that will be outfitted with a solar power system. 33
Besides political and economic exchanges，this kind of peopletopeople interaction is a significant part of China’s efforts to increase its soft power and build a better global image.
A．The company not only provides satellite equipment and services.
B．Doing so will allow people to watch TV for six hours after sunset.
C．Introducing more diverse Chinese culture to Africa is also one of its goals.
D．The service helps rural Africans keep up with current events and news.
E．The Chinese company makes a healthy profit on this project while helping them.
F．The company aims to provide digital television signals to 10,000 villages in Africa.
G．And primary school students in Zambia’s remote areas can also enjoy watching the World Cup.
语篇解读 本文主要介绍了一家中国公司帮助非洲一些国家的农村开发卫星电视，使得当地的球迷和小学生都能够看上世界杯比赛。该卫星电视项目在为当地人带来好处的同时，也传播了中国文化。
29.答案 G
解析 本题可从上下文中得到启示，上文提到了帮助当地村民首次尝试观看世界杯，下文提到孩子们真的很珍惜这个机会，故本空应讲的是偏远地区的小学生也能看到世界杯，故选G项。
30．答案 F
解析 从上下文可得到启示，这个项目是去年八月份开始的，其目的是为非洲的10 000个村子提供数字电视信号，帮助他们实现农业现代化、独立自主和可持续发展。故选F项。
31．答案 D
解析 下文介绍该项目帮助当地村民跟上时代的步伐，使他们能够获知天气预报和农产品市场价格，能够看到现场直播的政府官员和国会议员。故选D项“该服务帮助非洲农民获知实时新闻，与时代同步”。
32．答案 A
解析 上文叙述的就是卫星设施和服务，下文接着说它还有自己的频道来介绍中国文化，只有A项“该公司不仅仅提供卫星设备和服务”能恰当地衔接上下文。
33．答案 B
解析 根据前面的提示“为了克服非洲农村的电力短缺问题，公司还提供配有太阳能系统的电视机”可知，这样做让当地人在太阳落山后还能观看6个小时的电视。故选B项。
Ⅴ.完形填空
An interesting question from my daughter often crowded in on my mind.She asked me if I had always been this 34 .I thought about it for a while and gave her the best answer 35 my own personal development.
I was born and 36 in a small town in Zambia.I was 37 that from a very young age I was encouraged to 38 the world and ask as many questions as I could.My grandfather was a(n) 39 holding a high position in the government，but he treated everyone with 40 like what others did to him.And I often watched him 41 with people that way.As a child，I was determined to be like him 42 I grew up.I wanted to make people feel good about 43 and have meaningful conversations that would 44 people to take action and create a better world for everyone.
As an ordinary African girl，I became 45 to what life had to 46 .I knew that I would have some bad days as well as good days.I saw this with my parents，as they 47 hid their feelings or situations.And from that，I had a 48 view of my reality.
I tell Claire that my confidence comes from within and that I am bound to 49 moments when I’m worried about whether things will work in my 50 ，but I have courage not to give up on my dreams.It is the 51 belief that I am good enough and I can do it that has had me going for the last 20 years.A bird sitting on a tree is never afraid that the branch will 52 because its trust is not on the branch but on its own 53 .Always believe in yourself.
语篇解读 作者通过自己的经历告诉孩子，坚定的信心是成功的根本，只有坚信自己足够优秀，不放弃自己的梦想，才能不断前进。
34．A.confident B．humorous
C．considerate D．generous
答案 A
解析 通读全文尤其是最后一段中的“I tell Claire that my confidence”及最后一句“Always believe in yourself.”可知，此处指作者的女儿问她是否一直这么自信。confident自信的；humorous幽默的；considerate体贴的；generous慷慨的。
35．A.in spite of B．in common with
C．in addition to D．in terms of
答案 D
解析 由下文的描述可知，此处指作者根据个人的发展给了女儿最佳的答案。in terms of就……而言，根据，符合语境。in spite of尽管；in common with和……一样；in addition to除……之外。
36．A.brought in B．brought up
C．brought down D．brought about
答案 B
解析 由上下文语境可知，此处指作者出生在赞比亚的一个小镇上，并在那里被抚养长大。bring up养育，抚养，符合语境。bring in引进；bring down降低，使垮台，击落(飞机或鸟)；bring about引起，导致。
37．A.nervous B．curious
C．fortunate D．regretful
答案 C
解析 作者虽然生活在一个小镇上，但是从小就被大人鼓励去探索世界以及多问问题，这对于自己后来自信的培养有很大益处，由此可以推断出，作者对此感到很幸运(fortunate)。nervous紧张的；curious好奇的；regretful遗憾的，后悔的。
38．A.conquer B．explore
C．rule D．change
答案 B
解析 根据设空前的“from a very young age I was encouraged to”可知，作者当时是个小孩子，是被大人鼓励去探索世界。explore探索，符合语境。conquer征服；rule统治；change改变。
39．A.clerk B．guard
C．official D．servant
答案 C
解析 根据设空后的“holding a high position in the government”可知，作者的爷爷是政府的高级官员(official)。clerk店员；guard警卫；servant仆人。
40．A.justice B．pride
C．respect D．coldness
答案 C
解析 由下文的“like what others did to him”以及“make people feel good”可知，作者的爷爷很尊重(respect)别人。justice正义；pride自豪，骄傲；coldness冷漠。
41．A.communicate B．reason
C．argue D．negotiate
答案 A
解析 根据设空后的with people及下文中的conversations可知，此处指爷爷与人们的交流。communicate交流；reason论证，推断；argue辩论；negotiate谈判，协商。
42．A.before B．until
C．if D．when
答案 D
解析 根据上下文语境可知，此处指“我”下定决心当“我”长大后，成为一个像他一样的人。此处用when引导时间状语从句。
43．A.himself B．herself
C．ourselves D．themselves
答案 D
解析 此处指上文所提到的people，所以用themselves。
44．A.inspire B．force
C．urge D．attract
答案 A
解析 根据设空后的“to take action and create a better world for everyone”可知，作者想和爷爷一样去鼓舞别人采取行动，为人们创造一个更好的世界。inspire鼓舞，符合语境。force逼迫；urge敦促，推进；attract吸引。
45．A.accustomed B．blind
C．close D．necessary
答案 A
解析 由下文的描述可知，作者已经习惯了生活给予我们的东西，无论是好的还是坏的。be accustomed to习惯于，符合语境。blind盲目的，看不见的；close亲密的；necessary必需的，必要的。
46．A.demand B．offer
C．reward D．compensate
答案 B
解析 由下文的“bad days as well as good days”可知，这里指的是生活给予我们的。offer提供，给予，符合语境。demand需要；reward奖励；compensate补偿。
47．A.always B．frequently
C．never D．occasionally
答案 C
解析 根据设空前的“I saw this with my parents”可知，生活有好也有坏，但作者的父母从不隐藏他们的情感或状况。never从不，符合语境。always总是；frequently频繁地；occasionally偶尔。
48．A.critical B．casual
C．cautious D．balanced
答案 D
解析 根据上文可知，生活有好有坏，作者和父母一同见证了这一点，所以从那以后，作者均衡地看待现实，balanced均衡的，符合语境。critical批判的；casual随意的；cautious小心的。
49．A.remember B．ignore
C．meet D．appreciate
答案 C
解析 此处指生活中一定会遇到一些时刻，担心事情是否会对自己有利。meet遇到，遇见，符合语境。remember记住；ignore忽视；appreciate感激，欣赏。
50．A.taste B．favor
C．place D．sight
答案 B
解析 in sb.’s favor对某人有利，此处指担心事情是否会对自己有利，符合语境。
51．A.political B．firm
C．religious D．unbelievable
答案 B
解析 正是因为坚信自己足够优秀，能把事情做好，作者才能在过去20年里一直前进。firm坚固的，坚定的，符合语境。political政治的；religious宗教的；unbelievable难以置信的。
52．A.break B．grow
C．cross D．bend
答案 A
解析 此处表示树上的鸟不会担心树枝会折断。break断裂，符合语境。grow增加；cross穿过；bend弯腰。
53．A.legs B．feet
C．eyes D．wings
答案 D
解析 由常识可知，树枝断了，鸟儿依然可以用翅膀飞而不会摔落在地上，故选D项。
Ⅵ.语法填空
Many people travel during the holiday season but do not make sure that their houses and homes 54. (protect)．Crime goes up 55. (rapid) during the winter and summer holiday season.Here are some things that you should keep in mind when you go on a holiday.
Always give 56. (strange) the feeling that you are at home.Have the snow 57.
(clean) off your stairs or out of your driveway during the winter season.You might ask someone to park 58. (he) car in your driveway.
Tell your newspaper deliverer that you are not at home.59. (have) a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps tells people that you are not at home，so you could also have a neighbor 60. a relative get your mail every day.
Fix a timer in some of your rooms 61. turns lights on and 62. during different time of the day.Some TVs also come with a timer that you could set to be turned on during certain time.Have motion(运动) sensitive 63. (light) outside your house that keep thieves away when you are not at home.
语篇解读 许多人在假期出门旅游，但无法保证家中安全，寒暑假的犯罪活动会迅速增加。本文就旅游在外期间怎样保证家中安全给出了建议。
54．答案 are protected
解析 考查动词的时态和语态。根据空格前的travel和do not可知，此处应使用一般现在时。protect与主语their houses and homes之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用被动语态。故填are protected。
55．答案 rapidly
解析 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词短语goes up，应用副词。故填rapidly。
56．答案 strangers
解析 考查词性转换。give sb.sth.给某人某物，是固定用法，故此处应用名词。又因为此处为泛指意义，应用名词复数。故填strangers。
57．答案 cleaned
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：冬季的时候，要请别人除去楼梯和车道上的雪。此处是have sth. done结构，意为“使某事被做”或“请别人做某事”。故填cleaned。
58．答案 his
解析 考查代词。此处指代前文中的someone，并在此处作car的定语，所以填形容词性物主代词。
59．答案 Having
解析 考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词是tells，句中缺主语，故此处用非谓语动词。此处表示一般的行为，应用动名词形式。故填Having。
60．答案 or
解析 考查连词。句意为：把一堆报纸和邮件堆在门口是在告诉人们你不在家，所以你可以让你的邻居或亲戚每天取你的邮件。根据语境可知，邻居和亲戚之间是选择关系。故填or。
61．答案 that/which
解析 考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，先行词是a timer，指物，用关系代词替代先行词在从句中作主语。故填that/which。
62．答案 off
解析 考查固定搭配。句意为：在一些房间里放一个定时器，在不同的时间定时开灯和关灯。根据语境及空前的on可知，此处填off。turn on打开；turn off关闭。
63．答案 lights
解析 考查名词单复数。分析句子成分可知，此处是先行词，在定语从句中作主语，因此根据定语从句的谓语keep可知，此处用名词复数。故填lights。
Ⅶ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Want to know how to survive a plane crash？What about a terrorist attack？To put your mind at ease in nearly any situation，you can almost guarantee your survival if you never leave the house without 3 necessary items，i.e.a lighter(打火机)，a lifestraw(救命吸管) and a raincoat.
Right off the place full of danger，your first instinct(本能) might be to search for help the minute you realize you’re in trouble.But survival experts insist you should stay where you are until help finds you，instead；doing so will make it easier for the search and rescue teams to locate your location.
What should you do until then，you ask？Prepare to hunker down(盘腿坐下) for the long run.That’s where your three pieces of survival necessities come into play，Stewart says.
For one，you should have something to start a fire on you at all times.Firestarting tools are inexpensive to purchase，and you can easily carry them around in a backpack or pant pocket.But even without a fancy item，all you really need is something to light the first flame.
“You can use cotton balls covered in petroleum jelly(凡士林油) as a fire starter，”Stewart told USA TODAY.“They are water resistant and will start a fire with just a spark.”
Second，you’ll need something to make your drinking water fit to drink，such as a canteen(饭盒) that can boil water.Stewart recommends buying a $20 lifestraw，which “can be struck into the muddiest pool of water you can find and you suck the water out like a straw”. Any doubt？It could still save your life，Stewart says.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
“I always say that your life depends on your water source，” he said.
Paragraph 2：
You can keep all three items with you when you are away from your home.
参考范文
“I always say that your life depends on your water source，” he said.“If you are in a bad situation and have to drink water not fit to drink，you take the risk of drinking wild poisonous water，which can quickly kill you.” In this case，a lifestraw will come into play.Finally，Stewart recommends having a raincoat，or anything that can be used to protect you against the weather.Even food should take a back seat to these three necessary items，he says.“Everyone gets really worried about food，but the human body is designed to last a long time without food.When it comes to survival necessary items，food’s on the bottom of the list，” he said.
You can keep all three items with you when you are away from your home.You can keep them in a backpack if you’re hiking or camping，or even a car if you’re traveling on the road.But in a word，the best thing you can do to ensure your own survival happens before you even leave.
基础知识默写
1.hunger n.饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的
2.income n.收入
3.poverty n.贫穷→poor adj.贫穷的
4.development n.发展→develop v.发展→developing adj.发展中的→developed adj.发达的
5.measure vt.测定；测量；评估 n.尺度；标准；措施 →measurement n.测量
6.goal n.目标 v.进球
7.position n.位置 v.放在合适的位置；驻扎
8.educate vt.教育；培养；训练→education n.教育→educator n.教育家→educated adj.受过教育的
9.figure n.数字；人物；身材；图形 v.认为；计算
10.homeless adj.无家可归的
11.charity n.慈善团体
12.crowded adj.拥挤的→crowd n.人群；vt.挤满
13.similarity n.类似；相似→similar adj.相似的 →similarly adv.相似地
14.location n.位置；所在地→locate v.使坐落于；确定位置→located adj.位于
15.smart adj.漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的
16.exchange n.&v.交换；互换
17.unfortunate adj.不幸的；遗憾的→unfortunately adv.不幸地→fortunate(反)adj.幸运的→fortune n.运气；财富→fortunately adv.幸运地
18.polluted adj.受到污染的→pollute vt.污染→pollution n.污染 →pollutant n.污染物
19.tourism n.旅游业→tour v.& n.旅游，巡回演出→tourist n.游客
20.entertainment n.娱乐→entertain v.使欢乐→entertaining adj.令人愉快的→entertained adj.愉快的
21.household n.一家人；家庭adj.家庭的；家里的
22.inhabitant n.居民→inhabit vt.居住在；栖息于
23.freeway n.高速公路
24.vast adj.巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的
25.transport n.交通工具
26.industrial adj.工业的
27.up to直到；多达
28.at the top/bottom of在……顶端/底部
29.move out of脱离；摆脱
30.make progress取得进步
31.make efforts努力
32.in particular尤其是，特别
33.be connected with与……有联系；与……有关
34.be/get close to接近；靠近
35.such as像；诸如
36.as a result 因此，结果
37.Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number 7.挪威高居榜首，而美国则名列第七。
38.However，in other regions of the world，e.g.Eastern Europe，water is now mostly safe to drink.
然而，在世界的其他地区，例如东欧，现在大部分水饮用起来很安全。
39.It’s an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age，and which have similar features such as tourism，industry，culture and entertainment.
这是大小和历史相似的城镇或城市之间的协议，它们有相似的特点，如：旅游业、工业、文化和娱乐。
40.This is because living with a foreign family for one or two weeks means that you have to speak their language，and as a result you improve fast.
这是因为和外国家庭在一块儿生活一两周就意味着你不得不说他们的语言，所以你会进步很快的。
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.The geographical position(位置) attracted the early settlers to New York City.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
2.The farmers might suffer some loss of income(收入) but no one would starve.
3.Tsinghua University is home to a great number of outstanding figures(人物).
4.All of this makes the actions of the homeless(无家可归的) Tom Smith even more remarkable.
(2018·北京)
5.Italy is trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange(交换) for work permits，or in some cases，citizenship.(2017·浙江)
6.The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty(poor) had written a new chapter in the history of sports.(2016·江苏)
7.Recent development(develop) has made possible machines that print，cook，and serve foods on a mass scale.(2018·天津)
8.You must have a good education(educate)，but practical training is equally important.
9.The train was so crowded(crowd) that we had to stand.
10.Unfortunately(fortunately), you must carry the necessary equipment with you，since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
11.The most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution(pollute).(2017·江苏)
12.My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 in support of a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger(hungry).(2017·天津)
13.There is a striking similarity(similar) between the two designs.
14.Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment(entertain).(2018·全国Ⅲ)
15.Every year，a good many tourists(tour) are attracted to visit the old tower dating back to the eleventh century.
Ⅱ.选词成篇
In 2010,1.up to 189 heads of state gathered in New York to set a number of goals,2. such as protecting the environment，educating children and 3. in particular，cutting poverty.The leaders agreed to 4. make efforts to meet the goals by 2025.
According to a UN report，developing countries have 5.made progress in getting their people 6.moved out of poverty.
For example，China is 7. at the top of the list.According to the government，the development of China 8.is connected with the support of Chinese people.9.As a result，China 10.is close to achieving the goals and plans to lend a hand to other countries in need.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.Some people are motivated by a need for success，while others are motivated by a fear of failure.(while)
有些人受到成功需求的激励，而另外一些人却被失败的恐惧所驱动。
2.The apartment you recommended to me is comfortable to live in.(“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构)
你向我推荐的那套公寓住起来很舒适。
3.If I feel what I am buying is of great value，I’ll pay the price.(“be＋of＋抽象名词”结构)
如果我觉得我要买的那个东西很有价值，那我就会把它买下来。
4.Some people succeed，while others may not.This is because some people possess certain qualities，which others do not.(This is because...)
有些人成功了，而其他的人则没能成功。这是因为有些人拥有一些特质，而其他人则没有。
1.“收入”面面观
(1)income n.收入
(2)pay n.报酬
(3)salary n.(按月发的)薪水
(4)wage n.(按小时、日、周计的)工资
(5)pension n.养老金；退休金
2.“大”集合
(1)vast adj.巨大的；庞大的
(2)large adj.巨大的；身材高大的
(3)big adj.大的
(4)grand adj.盛大的
(5)great adj.巨大的
3.条条大“路”
(1)freeway n.高速公路
(2)highway n.公路
(3)railway n.铁路
(4)expressway n.高速公路
(5)railroad n.铁路
4.“名词＋y变为形容词”高频词汇扫描
(1)hunger→hungry 饥饿的
(2)anger→angry 生气的
(3)thirst→thirsty 渴的
(4)cloud→cloudy 多云的
(5)wealth→wealthy 富裕的
(6)health→healthy 健康的
5.“努力做某事”汇总
(1)make efforts/every effort to do sth.
(2)try/do one’s best to do sth.
(3)go all out to do sth.
(4)do all that sb.can to do sth.
(5)do what sb.can to do sth.
6.“在某人看来”的多种表达
(1)in one’s opinion
(2)in one’s view
(3)from one’s point of view
(4)as far as sb.be concerned
(5)as for sb.
development n.发展；发育；成长；进展情况；发展阶段
(1)with the development of随着……的发展
(2)develop v.开发；发展；壮大；增强；发育
develop from从……中长出来(产生出)，由……发展成
develop into(使)发展成/变成……
(3)developing adj.发展中的
developed adj.发达的
(1)The GPS，originally developed(develop) by the U.S.military，covers the whole world.
(2)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be emailing each other，for we will have developed(develop) more convenient electronic communication tools by then.(2018·江苏)
(3)Though China is a developing(develop) country now，its position in the world can’t be ignored.
(4)With the development of technology(随着技术的发展)，computer also advances quickly.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中develop的汉语意思
(5)Sure enough，most of the plants developed the disease. C
A.生长 B.冲洗 C.患(病)
measure v.测量；估量；判定
n.措施；尺度；标准；计量制
(1)take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事
make sth.to one’s measure照某人的尺寸做某物
(2)measure...by...用……来衡量……
be measured by/in用……来衡量/计算
(3)measurement n.尺寸；大小；测量
(1)The coat was made to your measure.
(2)You should take effective measures/steps/action(采取有效措施) to improve your working conditions.
(3)We finally bought a house，measuring(measure) 6×6 metres.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中measure的汉语意思
(4)The picture measures 10 by 14 inches. B
A.测量 B.(尺寸等)量度为…… C.措施
position n.位置，方位；地位；状况，处境；职位，职务
in position在适当的位置；在应在的位置
out of position不在适当的位置；不得其所
[写出下列句子中position的汉语意思]
(1)I’m not sure what I would do if I were in your position.处境
(2)She holds the position of sales manager.职位，职务
(3)From his position on the cliff top，he had a good view of the harbour.位置
[单句语法填空]
(4)Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
[熟词生义] 选择句子中position的汉语意思
(5)What’s the Party’s Position on tax reform？ A
A.见解；立场；态度 B.职位 C.地位
figure n.数字；身材，体形；人物；雕像，塑像；图形
v.计算；认为
keep one’s figure保持体形
figure out弄懂；计算；想出，理解
(1)A team of scientists have finally been able to figure out how and why young sunflowers move.
(2018·黑龙江哈尔滨三中二模)
[写出下列句子中figure的汉语意思]
(2)She has a good figure.身材，体形
(3)By 2014，this figure had risen to 14 million.数字
(4)Chairman Mao is an important political figure.人物
[图解助记]
in an effort to do sth.为了做某事
spare no effort(s) to do sth.不遗余力地做某事
without effort毫不费力地
with effort努力地，艰难地
(1)More efforts，as reported，will be made(make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supplyside structural reform.(2016·江苏)
正如报道的，今后几年将加大力度，加快供给侧结构改革。
(2)Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort(s) to pave the way for their success.
家长为孩子安排一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。
(3)The strong young man removed the rock without effort.那个壮实的年轻小伙子没费多大劲便把石块搬开了。
(4)因此，电影业应该作出更大的努力来吸引更多的观众。(2017·江苏)
Therefore，the film industry should make greater efforts to attract more viewers.
Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number 7.
挪威高居榜首，而美国则名列第七。
while用法较多，既可用作连词，也可用作名词。
(1)表示“在……期间；当……时候”，指一段时间，引导时间状语从句；
(2)表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句；
(3)表示“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句；
(4)表示“而；却”，是并列连词，构成并列句；
(5)用作名词，表示“一会儿；一段时间”，如：after a while过了一会儿；once in a while偶尔，间或。
(1)Give your body and brain a rest by stopping outside for a while，exercising，or doing something you enjoy.(2016·全国Ⅱ)
出去走走，让你的身体和大脑休息一会儿，去锻炼或者做你喜欢的事情。
(2)The telephone rang while I was walking in the garden.我在花园里散步时，电话响了。
(3)While I admit it’s very difficult，I can solve it.
虽然我承认这很难，但我能解决它。
[句式升级]
(4)Traveling can broaden your mind，but it’s not a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.(用让步状语从句改写)
While traveling can broaden your mind，it’s not a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
It’s an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age，and which have similar features such as tourism，industry，culture and entertainment.这是大小和历史相似的城镇或城市之间的协议，它们有相似的特点，如：旅游业、工业、文化和娱乐。
(1)“of＋抽象名词”可转化为相应的形容词。这类名词有value，use，importance，help，interest等。它们可用no，some，any，little，much，great等词修饰。
(2)有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，这类名词包括size，weight，height，length，width，age，opinion，colour，price，kind，type，shape，way，quality等。这类名词根据具体的情景而变复数形式，也可在其前加冠词。
(1)A good breakfast is of importance(important) to your health.
一顿丰盛的早餐对健康很重要。
(2)The two boys are of an age.
这两个男孩年龄相仿。
(3)[一句多译] 这本词典对英语学习者非常有用。
①The dictionary is of great use to learners of English.
②The dictionary is very useful to learners of English.
(4)此外，为了更好地掌握中国文化，了解课堂内容——唐诗，对你来说十分重要。
(2017·全国Ⅰ)
What’s more，in order to have much knowledge of Chinese culture，it is of importance for you to be aware of the content，Tang poetry.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester，a tool developed(develop) just a couple of years ago by a young farmer for example.(2018·江苏)
2．Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.
3．And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin’s chicken house in exchange for manure(肥料)．
4．We were put into a position where we had either to accept we were less important，or fight the government.
5．Scott’s last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger(hungry)，caught the world’s imagination.(2016·全国Ⅱ)
6．They began to integrate(融合) the kinds of play and teamwork and played aggressively and even scored a goal.
7．Although these measures(measure) are not effective forever，they are vital for now.(2016·北京)
8．The aim of the project is to clean up the polluted(pollute) land as soon as possible.
9．The flood in the region have killed hundreds，making(make) thousands homeless.
10．Located(locate) on top of the mountain，the temple is accessible to tourists only on foot.
Ⅱ.单元知识运用
写作素材(关于城市)
1．无锡和青岛，具有相似的特点，它们都是成功发展的例子。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
2．无锡不仅是重要的交通中心，而且是一个重要的工业城市。(not only引起的部分倒装)
3．相似地，青岛是一个现代化的城市，交通便利，适合居住。(主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式)
4．两个城市都在采取措施消除贫困，改善环境，并努力确保所有孩子都接受教育。
5．随着社会的发展，所有居民将过比以前更快乐的生活。
连句成篇——根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文
Wuxi and Qingdao 11.have similar features，which are both examples of successful development.12.Not only is Wuxi an important transportation center，but it is also 13.a vital industrial city.Similarly，Qingdao，a modern city with convenient transportation,14.is pleasant to live in.Both cities are 15.taking measures to get rid of poverty，improve the environment，and 16.make efforts to ensure all children get education.17.With the development of the society,18.all inhabitants will live a happier life than before.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
话题：体育 难度星级：☆☆
(2018·嘉兴模拟)
When Carson Palmer，a professional American football player，hurt his arm a few years ago，he took a week off from throwing the football.But in his head，Palmer practiced every day.The following weekend，Palmer had the best game of his life.
For more than a century，scientists have been trying to understand how this mental training works.In the 1930s，researchers proved by experiment that when you’re imagining an action，your brain sends signals to your muscles(肌肉) which are too weak to tighten the muscles but might help train the body to perform.In other words，mental practice might create a pattern in your head，like an inner howto guide for a particular skill.
Sports psychologists have conducted hundreds of studies comparing imagined and physical practice for actions.On the whole，the research shows that mental training works.A 2012 study，for example，compared 32 amateur golfers who practiced hitting the balls to another 32 who merely held a golf club in their hands and visualized(想象) their swings.Under the same training rules，both groups improved their skills by getting the ball about 4 inches closer to the hole.
Visualization has advantages over the real thing: You can do it anywhere，even when injured.It is safe—a major plus for highrisk performers such as gymnasts and surgeons.And you can practice for longer periods of time because you’re not restricted by physical tiredness.“That’s not to say it’s easy，we’ve had Olympiclevel athletes sitting in our lab，visualizing the movements for two hours，” says Tadhg Macintyre，a sports psychologist at the University of Limerick in Ireland.“When we’re done，they’re absolutely tired.”
It doesn’t work for everyone，though.“If you’re a novice，the effect can be harmful，” warns Macintyre.“If you’re trying to visualize a free throw，and you don’t even know the proper movement，then you’re probably going to mentally practice the wrong skill.”
语篇解读 本文通过职业橄榄球运动员卡森·帕尔默手臂骨折后，一直用意念练习打球，结果在比赛中表现出色这一事例，说明了通过在脑海中想象来训练技能会产生意想不到的结果。
19．What happens when one is visualizing an action?
A．A special skill is quickly acquired.
B．A certain model is formed in the head.
C．The muscles grow increasingly tense.
D．The brain sends strong messages to the body.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的第二、三句可知，科学家发现当我们想象一个动作时，我们就会在脑海中产生一个模型。故选B。
20．What does the underlined word “novice” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Coach. B．Specialist.
C．Beginner. D．Judge.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。通读最后一段可知，画线词所在句的下一句“If you’re trying to visualize a free throw，and you don’t even know the proper movement，then you’re probably going to mentally practice the wrong skill.”是对画线词所在的进一步说明，由句意可知，画线词的意思是“初学者”。故选C。
21．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Athletes are likely to win games through imagined practice.
B．Practicing a skill properly in mind can produce intended effect.
C．Practice whether mental or physical has its own characteristics.
D．Scientists have found a safe way for athletes to practice their skills.
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要通过职业橄榄球运动员卡森·帕尔默手臂骨折后，一直用意念练习打球，结果在比赛中表现出色这一事例，进一步说明了通过在脑海中想象来训练技能会产生想要的结果。故选B。
话题：兴趣与爱好 难度星级：☆
It’s no secret that your personal characteristics directly affect how you interact with the world—but you might be surprised at just how deeply it goes.Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you.
Highly Sensitive
“Highly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed.Additionally，they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout，” says researcher Elaine Aron.
For such people，individual or noncompetitive activities like biking，running and hiking are ideal.
Type A Personality
Type A individuals often have an “all or nothing approach” to exercise.This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan，not to mention being super competitive.However，this can cause them to stick too closely to a fitness routine，which means they might try to push past an injury.
To get better exercise results，Type A people need to be aware that following an exercise plan too strictly may limit their progress.They should be more flexible and listen to their body，especially when they are in pain.
Type B Personality
This laidback group may get too lazy about their exercise plan，which prevents them from seeing results.They are often less willing to devote enough time and energy to their fitness goals，especially if exercise is something that makes them anxious.
Type B individuals succeed in creative and cooperative environments，so team sports and group gym classes may be perfect.
Remember，there are plenty of ways you can adopt a fitness plan to suit your needs，regardless of your characteristics.Just keep in mind what you like.
语篇解读 本文介绍了不同人的不同性格类型会影响到人们体育锻炼的方式和所适合的运动类型，同时对不同个性的人的锻炼方式提出了一些建议。
22．Why might highly sensitive people be unwilling to take part in group sports?
A．They will feel they are being evaluated.
B．They don’t like socializing with other people.
C．They don’t consider themselves to be athletic.
D．They fear they’ll be let down by their teammates.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据Highly Sensitive标题下第一段第一句中的“where they feel their every move is being observed”和第二句中的“they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout”可知，高度敏感的人感觉自己的每个动作都会被观察，而且担心自己锻炼不奏效或效果差。即他们觉得他们在被评估。
23．Type A Personality can be best described as .
A．committed B．flexible
C．independent D．sensitive
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据Type A Personality标题下第一段第二句中的“This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan”和本标题下第二段最后一句给出建议“They should be more flexible...”可推知，他们是坚定的。
24．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To help people understand what personality type they are.
B．To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habits.
C．To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exercise.
D．To describe different types of workouts that are available today.
答案 B
解析 写作目的题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you.”及全文内容可知，本文旨在说明人们的不同性格如何影响他们的体育锻炼方式，以及他们适合哪种运动。
话题：现代技术 难度星级：☆☆☆
Smartphones have been blamed for everything from taking drivers’ attention from driving to keeping people on the sofa scrolling(滚屏) videos.But the smartphone that seems to be everywhere could just as easily increase physical activity if it pushes its owner’s buttons in the right way.
New research shows that making social connections through activitytracking apps gets people to move more.And a separate study on this summer’s “Pokemon Go” phenomenon shows that the smartphone game got players to take thousands more steps than usual.Together，the studies show the potential for smartphones to push a range of people to be more active.
People who linked with friends on the activitytracking app increase their steps by 400 a day on average over the next week，compared with people who made no social connections，according to Tim Althoff and two other computer scientists at Stanford University.The effect of social connections declined，but remained significant for five months before the numbers fell back even with users who made no connections.
Such insights show the promise of smartphones and games to help with one of the most stubborn public health problems—that even people who want to be active have trouble staying active.
An NBA videogame，for example，gives players extra powers in the game if they reach a step goal in real life.The app “Zomies，Run！” uses audio stories to push people to run more or run faster.
Still，there is room for growth：Only about 4% of all health apps use “gamification，” such as pointscoring or competition，according to a study published in October in BMJ Open.“Gamification is actually quite closely linked with behavior change techniques，” says Dr Elizabeth Ann Edwards，the study’s lead author and a doctor and researcher at Queen Mary University of London.
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用说明文。智能手机在许多方面受到人们的谴责，但是无处不在的智能手机如果运用恰当的话还是有利于人们的锻炼的。比如“Pokemon Go” 智能手机游戏让玩家比平时多走了数千步，而应用“Zomies Run！”使用音频故事推动人们跑得更频繁或更快。
25．What does the author think of smartphones?
A．They lead to people’s lack of physical activity.
B．They will make people have more connections.
C．They can have videogames more interesting.
D．They can involve their users in more exercise.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But the smartphone that seems to be everywhere could just as easily increase physical activity(但似乎无处不在的智能手机同样可以增加体力活动)”，可知作者认为智能手机能增加锻炼，故选D。
26．According to “Pokemon Go” phenomenon，smartphone users become more active because .
A．they have more social connections
B．they get extra powers in life
C．the games increase physical activity
D．a life goal has been set step by step
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘Pokemon Go’ phenomenon shows that the smartphone game got players to take thousands more steps than usual.Together，the studies show the potential for smartphones to push a range of people to be more active.”可知这个游戏让玩家多走了数千步，即增加了体力运动。故选C。
27．Who are most likely to exercise more?
A．Video watchers on the sofa.
B．Smartphone game lovers.
C．People with no social connections.
D．People with trouble staying active.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，在一个NBA视频游戏中，如果玩家在现实生活中实现了一个阶梯式目标，游戏开发商就给他们在游戏中额外的权限。应用“Zomies Run！”用音频故事来推动人们跑得更频繁或更快。由此可推知是那些喜欢手机游戏的人锻炼较多，故选B。
28．How does the author try to argue the ease of smartphones?
A．By showing the results of some researches.
B．By explaining the functions of smartphones.
C．By giving vivid description of some games.
D．By analyzing the causes of public health problems.
答案 A
解析 写作手法题。通读全文可知作者是通过展示一些研究成果来论证手机的易用性的。故A项正确。
Ⅳ.七选五
Soccer fans in rural Zambia are able to watch live 2018 World Cup broadcasts for the first time thanks to a Chinese company.The company helped the villagers get their first taste of satellite television through a project that aims to offer the service to villages in Africa. 29 The youngsters really treasured this chance.
The satellite television project started last August by the company StarTimes. 30 It wants to help African countries accelerate agricultural modernization and realize independent and sustainable(可持续的) development.
31 According to a local newspaper，rural farmers will have access to monitoring weather patterns and market prices for agricultural products.Locals will be able to watch members of government and parliament during live broadcasts.The program is an example of how Chinese companies can make profits and be socially responsible at the same time.
32 It also has its own channels that broadcast Chinese television programs such as talent shows，soap operas that have been dubbed(为……配音) into local languages，and other programs that attempt to introduce Chinese culture.
To overcome the problem of power shortages in rural Africa，StarTimes will also provide television sets that will be outfitted with a solar power system. 33
Besides political and economic exchanges，this kind of peopletopeople interaction is a significant part of China’s efforts to increase its soft power and build a better global image.
A．The company not only provides satellite equipment and services.
B．Doing so will allow people to watch TV for six hours after sunset.
C．Introducing more diverse Chinese culture to Africa is also one of its goals.
D．The service helps rural Africans keep up with current events and news.
E．The Chinese company makes a healthy profit on this project while helping them.
F．The company aims to provide digital television signals to 10,000 villages in Africa.
G．And primary school students in Zambia’s remote areas can also enjoy watching the World Cup.
语篇解读 本文主要介绍了一家中国公司帮助非洲一些国家的农村开发卫星电视，使得当地的球迷和小学生都能够看上世界杯比赛。该卫星电视项目在为当地人带来好处的同时，也传播了中国文化。
29.答案 G
解析 本题可从上下文中得到启示，上文提到了帮助当地村民首次尝试观看世界杯，下文提到孩子们真的很珍惜这个机会，故本空应讲的是偏远地区的小学生也能看到世界杯，故选G项。
30．答案 F
解析 从上下文可得到启示，这个项目是去年八月份开始的，其目的是为非洲的10 000个村子提供数字电视信号，帮助他们实现农业现代化、独立自主和可持续发展。故选F项。
31．答案 D
解析 下文介绍该项目帮助当地村民跟上时代的步伐，使他们能够获知天气预报和农产品市场价格，能够看到现场直播的政府官员和国会议员。故选D项“该服务帮助非洲农民获知实时新闻，与时代同步”。
32．答案 A
解析 上文叙述的就是卫星设施和服务，下文接着说它还有自己的频道来介绍中国文化，只有A项“该公司不仅仅提供卫星设备和服务”能恰当地衔接上下文。
33．答案 B
解析 根据前面的提示“为了克服非洲农村的电力短缺问题，公司还提供配有太阳能系统的电视机”可知，这样做让当地人在太阳落山后还能观看6个小时的电视。故选B项。
Ⅴ.完形填空
An interesting question from my daughter often crowded in on my mind.She asked me if I had always been this 34 .I thought about it for a while and gave her the best answer 35 my own personal development.
I was born and 36 in a small town in Zambia.I was 37 that from a very young age I was encouraged to 38 the world and ask as many questions as I could.My grandfather was a(n) 39 holding a high position in the government，but he treated everyone with 40 like what others did to him.And I often watched him 41 with people that way.As a child，I was determined to be like him 42 I grew up.I wanted to make people feel good about 43 and have meaningful conversations that would 44 people to take action and create a better world for everyone.
As an ordinary African girl，I became 45 to what life had to 46 .I knew that I would have some bad days as well as good days.I saw this with my parents，as they 47 hid their feelings or situations.And from that，I had a 48 view of my reality.
I tell Claire that my confidence comes from within and that I am bound to 49 moments when I’m worried about whether things will work in my 50 ，but I have courage not to give up on my dreams.It is the 51 belief that I am good enough and I can do it that has had me going for the last 20 years.A bird sitting on a tree is never afraid that the branch will 52 because its trust is not on the branch but on its own 53 .Always believe in yourself.
语篇解读 作者通过自己的经历告诉孩子，坚定的信心是成功的根本，只有坚信自己足够优秀，不放弃自己的梦想，才能不断前进。
34．A.confident B．humorous
C．considerate D．generous
答案 A
解析 通读全文尤其是最后一段中的“I tell Claire that my confidence”及最后一句“Always believe in yourself.”可知，此处指作者的女儿问她是否一直这么自信。confident自信的；humorous幽默的；considerate体贴的；generous慷慨的。
35．A.in spite of B．in common with
C．in addition to D．in terms of
答案 D
解析 由下文的描述可知，此处指作者根据个人的发展给了女儿最佳的答案。in terms of就……而言，根据，符合语境。in spite of尽管；in common with和……一样；in addition to除……之外。
36．A.brought in B．brought up
C．brought down D．brought about
答案 B
解析 由上下文语境可知，此处指作者出生在赞比亚的一个小镇上，并在那里被抚养长大。bring up养育，抚养，符合语境。bring in引进；bring down降低，使垮台，击落(飞机或鸟)；bring about引起，导致。
37．A.nervous B．curious
C．fortunate D．regretful
答案 C
解析 作者虽然生活在一个小镇上，但是从小就被大人鼓励去探索世界以及多问问题，这对于自己后来自信的培养有很大益处，由此可以推断出，作者对此感到很幸运(fortunate)。nervous紧张的；curious好奇的；regretful遗憾的，后悔的。
38．A.conquer B．explore
C．rule D．change
答案 B
解析 根据设空前的“from a very young age I was encouraged to”可知，作者当时是个小孩子，是被大人鼓励去探索世界。explore探索，符合语境。conquer征服；rule统治；change改变。
39．A.clerk B．guard
C．official D．servant
答案 C
解析 根据设空后的“holding a high position in the government”可知，作者的爷爷是政府的高级官员(official)。clerk店员；guard警卫；servant仆人。
40．A.justice B．pride
C．respect D．coldness
答案 C
解析 由下文的“like what others did to him”以及“make people feel good”可知，作者的爷爷很尊重(respect)别人。justice正义；pride自豪，骄傲；coldness冷漠。
41．A.communicate B．reason
C．argue D．negotiate
答案 A
解析 根据设空后的with people及下文中的conversations可知，此处指爷爷与人们的交流。communicate交流；reason论证，推断；argue辩论；negotiate谈判，协商。
42．A.before B．until
C．if D．when
答案 D
解析 根据上下文语境可知，此处指“我”下定决心当“我”长大后，成为一个像他一样的人。此处用when引导时间状语从句。
43．A.himself B．herself
C．ourselves D．themselves
答案 D
解析 此处指上文所提到的people，所以用themselves。
44．A.inspire B．force
C．urge D．attract
答案 A
解析 根据设空后的“to take action and create a better world for everyone”可知，作者想和爷爷一样去鼓舞别人采取行动，为人们创造一个更好的世界。inspire鼓舞，符合语境。force逼迫；urge敦促，推进；attract吸引。
45．A.accustomed B．blind
C．close D．necessary
答案 A
解析 由下文的描述可知，作者已经习惯了生活给予我们的东西，无论是好的还是坏的。be accustomed to习惯于，符合语境。blind盲目的，看不见的；close亲密的；necessary必需的，必要的。
46．A.demand B．offer
C．reward D．compensate
答案 B
解析 由下文的“bad days as well as good days”可知，这里指的是生活给予我们的。offer提供，给予，符合语境。demand需要；reward奖励；compensate补偿。
47．A.always B．frequently
C．never D．occasionally
答案 C
解析 根据设空前的“I saw this with my parents”可知，生活有好也有坏，但作者的父母从不隐藏他们的情感或状况。never从不，符合语境。always总是；frequently频繁地；occasionally偶尔。
48．A.critical B．casual
C．cautious D．balanced
答案 D
解析 根据上文可知，生活有好有坏，作者和父母一同见证了这一点，所以从那以后，作者均衡地看待现实，balanced均衡的，符合语境。critical批判的；casual随意的；cautious小心的。
49．A.remember B．ignore
C．meet D．appreciate
答案 C
解析 此处指生活中一定会遇到一些时刻，担心事情是否会对自己有利。meet遇到，遇见，符合语境。remember记住；ignore忽视；appreciate感激，欣赏。
50．A.taste B．favor
C．place D．sight
答案 B
解析 in sb.’s favor对某人有利，此处指担心事情是否会对自己有利，符合语境。
51．A.political B．firm
C．religious D．unbelievable
答案 B
解析 正是因为坚信自己足够优秀，能把事情做好，作者才能在过去20年里一直前进。firm坚固的，坚定的，符合语境。political政治的；religious宗教的；unbelievable难以置信的。
52．A.break B．grow
C．cross D．bend
答案 A
解析 此处表示树上的鸟不会担心树枝会折断。break断裂，符合语境。grow增加；cross穿过；bend弯腰。
53．A.legs B．feet
C．eyes D．wings
答案 D
解析 由常识可知，树枝断了，鸟儿依然可以用翅膀飞而不会摔落在地上，故选D项。
Ⅵ.语法填空
Many people travel during the holiday season but do not make sure that their houses and homes 54. (protect)．Crime goes up 55. (rapid) during the winter and summer holiday season.Here are some things that you should keep in mind when you go on a holiday.
Always give 56. (strange) the feeling that you are at home.Have the snow 57.
(clean) off your stairs or out of your driveway during the winter season.You might ask someone to park 58. (he) car in your driveway.
Tell your newspaper deliverer that you are not at home.59. (have) a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps tells people that you are not at home，so you could also have a neighbor 60. a relative get your mail every day.
Fix a timer in some of your rooms 61. turns lights on and 62. during different time of the day.Some TVs also come with a timer that you could set to be turned on during certain time.Have motion(运动) sensitive 63. (light) outside your house that keep thieves away when you are not at home.
语篇解读 许多人在假期出门旅游，但无法保证家中安全，寒暑假的犯罪活动会迅速增加。本文就旅游在外期间怎样保证家中安全给出了建议。
54．答案 are protected
解析 考查动词的时态和语态。根据空格前的travel和do not可知，此处应使用一般现在时。protect与主语their houses and homes之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用被动语态。故填are protected。
55．答案 rapidly
解析 考查词性转换。此处修饰动词短语goes up，应用副词。故填rapidly。
56．答案 strangers
解析 考查词性转换。give sb.sth.给某人某物，是固定用法，故此处应用名词。又因为此处为泛指意义，应用名词复数。故填strangers。
57．答案 cleaned
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：冬季的时候，要请别人除去楼梯和车道上的雪。此处是have sth. done结构，意为“使某事被做”或“请别人做某事”。故填cleaned。
58．答案 his
解析 考查代词。此处指代前文中的someone，并在此处作car的定语，所以填形容词性物主代词。
59．答案 Having
解析 考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词是tells，句中缺主语，故此处用非谓语动词。此处表示一般的行为，应用动名词形式。故填Having。
60．答案 or
解析 考查连词。句意为：把一堆报纸和邮件堆在门口是在告诉人们你不在家，所以你可以让你的邻居或亲戚每天取你的邮件。根据语境可知，邻居和亲戚之间是选择关系。故填or。
61．答案 that/which
解析 考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，先行词是a timer，指物，用关系代词替代先行词在从句中作主语。故填that/which。
62．答案 off
解析 考查固定搭配。句意为：在一些房间里放一个定时器，在不同的时间定时开灯和关灯。根据语境及空前的on可知，此处填off。turn on打开；turn off关闭。
63．答案 lights
解析 考查名词单复数。分析句子成分可知，此处是先行词，在定语从句中作主语，因此根据定语从句的谓语keep可知，此处用名词复数。故填lights。
Ⅶ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Want to know how to survive a plane crash？What about a terrorist attack？To put your mind at ease in nearly any situation，you can almost guarantee your survival if you never leave the house without 3 necessary items，i.e.a lighter(打火机)，a lifestraw(救命吸管) and a raincoat.
Right off the place full of danger，your first instinct(本能) might be to search for help the minute you realize you’re in trouble.But survival experts insist you should stay where you are until help finds you，instead；doing so will make it easier for the search and rescue teams to locate your location.
What should you do until then，you ask？Prepare to hunker down(盘腿坐下) for the long run.That’s where your three pieces of survival necessities come into play，Stewart says.
For one，you should have something to start a fire on you at all times.Firestarting tools are inexpensive to purchase，and you can easily carry them around in a backpack or pant pocket.But even without a fancy item，all you really need is something to light the first flame.
“You can use cotton balls covered in petroleum jelly(凡士林油) as a fire starter，”Stewart told USA TODAY.“They are water resistant and will start a fire with just a spark.”
Second，you’ll need something to make your drinking water fit to drink，such as a canteen(饭盒) that can boil water.Stewart recommends buying a $20 lifestraw，which “can be struck into the muddiest pool of water you can find and you suck the water out like a straw”. Any doubt？It could still save your life，Stewart says.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
“I always say that your life depends on your water source，” he said.
Paragraph 2：
You can keep all three items with you when you are away from your home.
参考范文
“I always say that your life depends on your water source，” he said.“If you are in a bad situation and have to drink water not fit to drink，you take the risk of drinking wild poisonous water，which can quickly kill you.” In this case，a lifestraw will come into play.Finally，Stewart recommends having a raincoat，or anything that can be used to protect you against the weather.Even food should take a back seat to these three necessary items，he says.“Everyone gets really worried about food，but the human body is designed to last a long time without food.When it comes to survival necessary items，food’s on the bottom of the list，” he said.
You can keep all three items with you when you are away from your home.You can keep them in a backpack if you’re hiking or camping，or even a car if you’re traveling on the road.But in a word，the best thing you can do to ensure your own survival happens before you even leave.
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