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2020版高考新创新一轮复习英语译林版学案：选修8Unit2Theuniversallanguage
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Unit 2 The universal language
一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．stubborn adj. 固执的，顽固的
2．motherland n. 祖国
3．opportunity n. 机遇，时机
4．prejudice n. 偏见，成见
vt. 使怀有(或形成)偏见
5．discrimination n. 歧视，区别对待；辨别力，鉴赏力
6．liberty n. 自由
7．awesome adj. 极好的；令人惊叹的，令人敬畏的
8．personnel n. 人事部门；职员，全体人员
9．department n. 部，司，局，处，系
10．composer n. 作曲者，作曲家
11．folk adj. 民间的，民俗的
n. 人们；亲属(尤指父母)
12．kindergarten n. 幼儿园
13．sore adj. 疼痛的，酸痛的
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．cast vt.& vi. 选派角色；投射(光、影)；
向……投以(视线、笑容)
2．condemn vt. 判刑，宣判；指责，谴责
3．dare vt.& vi.& aux. 敢于，胆敢
4．seize vt. 逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；夺取，攻占
5．decline n. 衰落，衰败；减少；下降
vi.& vt. 衰落；下降；婉言谢绝
6．seek vt.& vi. 试图，设法；寻找，寻求
7．root n. 起源，起因；根，根茎
8．demand vt. 需要；强烈要求
n. 要求；需求
9．scold vt. 训斥，责骂
10．deadline n. 最后期限，截止日期
11．broken adj. 破损的，受伤的；中止了的；
不连续的
12．trend n. 趋势，动向
13．scream vi. 尖叫，高声喊；呼啸
n. 尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．universal adj.共同的，普遍的，全体的，全世界的→universe n．宇宙
2．disturbing adj.令人不安的；引起恐慌的→disturbed adj.心理不正常的；精神失常的→disturb vt.打扰；使中断；使焦虑
3．unwilling adj.不情愿，不愿意；勉强的，无奈的→willing adj.自愿的→willingness n．乐意
4．evident adj.清楚的，显然的→evidence n．证据；证词
5．merciful adj.仁慈的，慈悲的，宽大为怀的→mercy n．宽容，仁慈，怜悯
6．unemployment n．失业→unemployed adj.失业的→employment n．雇佣，工作，职业→employ v．雇佣→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员
7．collection n．作品集；收藏品；一批(人或物品)；取走→collect vt.收集→collector n．收集者；收藏家
8．tendency n．倾向，偏好；趋势，趋向→tend v．倾向；趋向
9．gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的；平缓的，不陡的→gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地
[语境活用]
1．Thanks to the good care of the nurses, the boy is gradually recovering from his lung operation.Certainly the recovery is a slow, gradual process.(gradual)
2．They were searching for evidence of his crime, and found it was evident that he had murdered the president.(evident)
3．The disturbing news made people present at the meeting disturbed.(disturb)
4．An increase in crime is one of the results of unemployment,_so the government and the employers should pay more attention to the employment.(employ)
5．The old collector likes to collect some old paintings and his house is said to build up a fine art collection.(collect)
6．There is a growing tendency for people to return to the hometown to start their business. Especially the middleaged tend to do that.(tend)
7．There are a huge number of unknown planets in the universe,_so these puzzles are very universal. But we believe we can make them clear one day.(universe)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.be_condemned_to_sth. 被处以某种刑罚
2．ask_for_sb.'s_hand_in_marriage (向女方)求婚
3．fall_in_love 相爱，坠入爱河
4．at_first_sight 初次见面；乍一看
5．spring_up 突然兴起，迅速出现
6．break_up 破裂，解散；破碎
7．depend_on 依赖，依靠
8．put_up 举起；张贴；提供食宿
9．apply_for 申请
10．split_up 分裂，分解
11．participate_in 参加；参与
12．have_a_tendency_for_... 有一种……倾向
13．take_on 呈现；雇用；承担
14．break_one's_promise 违背诺言
15．serve_as 起……作用；用作……
16．try_out 实验；试用
17．go_crazy 变得疯狂，发疯
18．find_out 发现；查明，弄清
19．come_close_to 接近，靠近
20．get_together 相聚，在一起
1.As a matter of fact, none of us can live alone in society. We all depend_on others sometimes to some degree.
2．I have applied_for some vocational schools and have been waiting for their reply.
3．Things became worse and worse, so I would go_crazy if this went on.
4．The man was found guilty of armed robbery and condemned_to eight years' imprisonment.
5.If the clouds break_up,_we can go for a hike.
6．The moment I came to the old town, I fell_in_love with it immediately.
7．Oceans serve_as the main arteries of transportation between continents.
8．If the project is a success, similar constructions may spring_up elsewhere in the country.
9．In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in my lovely hometown, making it take_on a new look.
10．All students should be encouraged to participate_in sports to build up their bodies.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City — there could not be a more awesome setting!
想象一下在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧——不可能有比这更棒的场景了！
“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义。
周围的稻田像一片金色的海洋，我从来没看见过比这更漂亮的景象！
The rice fields around me looked like a golden sea.I have_never_seen_more_beautiful_scenery_than_it!
2.Unfortunately, Puccini died of a heart attack before he completed this final scene, and it had to be completed by one of his former students, Franco Alfano.
不幸的是，普契尼还没写完最后一幕就因心脏病去世了，这一幕不得不由他以前的一名学生法兰高·阿法奴完成。
before引导时间状语从句，意为“还没来得及……就……；趁……；之后才……”等。
先做学生，后做老师。
Be a pupil before_you_become a teacher.
3.Wherever the Beatles went, there was a phenomenon called ‘Beatlemania’ — thousands of fans would surround them, screaming and going crazy trying to see them.
无论甲壳虫乐队到哪儿，总有一种被称为“披头士狂热”的现象——成千上万的粉丝聚集在他们周围，尖叫着，疯狂地试图见他们一面。
wherever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论去(在)哪里”。此时，相当于no matter where。
(2017·北京高考满分作文)无论你选择去哪里旅行，你一定会体验到中国的传统文化。
Wherever_you_choose_to_travel,_you are bound to experience the traditional Chinese culture.
二、课堂重点深化
1．cast (cast, cast) vt.& vi.选派角色；投射(光、影)；向……投以(视线、笑容) n．全体演员
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The circumstances were all against Joe, but he was not cast down.
②He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie.
完成句子
③Here are the research findings that cast_new_light_on the origin of our universe.
这就是对宇宙起源有新认识的研究发现。
④She cast_a_quick_glance_at the notepad to see if there were any messages for her.
她很快地瞄了一眼记事簿，看是否有留给她的口信。
[系统归纳]
be cast down (by sth.) 因某事沮丧/失望
cast light on/upon 弄清楚，使人明白
cast a glance/look at/toward ... 朝……瞧了瞧
cast sb. as ... 选派某人演……角色
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤A researcher has now cast light of the mystery of why the animals die.第一个of→on
佳句时时写
⑥(2012·湖北高考书面表达)虽然破旧的(shabby)校园和设施简陋的教室让我感到失望，但是我发现老师们耐心又体贴。
Cast_down_as_I_felt_at_the_shabby_campus_and_the_poorlyequipped_classroom,_I found_the_teachers_patient_and_considerate.
2．condemn vt.判刑，宣判；指责，谴责
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He was widely condemned for his cruel action towards his elderly parents.
②Most people are willing to condemn violence of any sort as evil.
完成句子
③The judge condemned_the_drunk_driver_to_stay in prison for six months.
法官判处这个酒驾司机六个月拘役。
④The six criminals were_condemned_to_death and another six were sentenced to life imprisonment.
六名罪犯被判处死刑，另外六名被判终身监禁。
[系统归纳]
be condemned to sth. 被处以某种刑罚；使某人被迫接受困境
condemn sb. to death 判处某人死刑
condemn sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而谴责某人
condemn ... as ... 指责……为……
be condemned to do sth. 注定做某事
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤Do you condemn yourself of things which you did or failed to do in the past？of→for
佳句时时写
⑥(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)既然你擅长乒乓球，你注定会是最合适的人选。
Since_you_are_good_at_table_tennis,_you_are_condemned_to_be_the_most_suitable person.
3．seize vt.逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；夺取，攻占
[自主体验]
完成句子
①He seized_the_letter_from my hand and began to read out loud.
他从我手里夺过信开始大声读起来。
②I think that there is no reason why we should not seize_this_opportunity and this moment.
我认为没有任何理由让我们不去抓住这次机会和这一时刻。
③Before the thief could run away, the brave girl seized_him_by_the_collar.
在小偷逃跑之前，这个勇敢的女孩抓住了他的衣领。
[系统归纳]
seize sth. from ... 从……抓取/夺取某物
seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住机会/机遇
seize sb. by the＋部位 抓住某人……
[重点强化]
易错处处防
④The host seized me by my hand and shook it heartily. my→the
佳句时时写
⑤(2015·湖南高考书面表达)老人获救了，我们很高兴。并且，我记得车牌号，之后交警抓住了司机。
The_old_man_was_saved_and_we_felt_very_pleased._What's_more,_I_remembered the_number_of_the_car,_and_the_traffic_police_seized_the_driver_later.
4．demand vt.强烈要求；需要n.要求；需求
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The hijackers are demanding to_speak (speak) to representatives of both governments.
②He has promised to repay the loan at any time on demand.
完成句子
③We have good firms whose products are in_demand around the world.
我们有优秀的公司，生产全世界都受欢迎的产品。
④It's impossible to meet/satisfy_all_your_demands.
满足你所有的要求是不可能的。
[系统归纳]
(1)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
(sb.) demand that sb. (should) do sth.
(某人)要求某人做某事(that从句使用虚拟语气)
(2)in demand 需求大；受欢迎的
on demand 一经要求
satisfy/meet the/one's demands 满足(某人的)要求
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤The manager demanded that the workers worked extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.worked→work
佳句时时写
⑥(2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)摄影俱乐部要求照片要与环境保护有关。
The_photography_club_demands_that_the_photos_be_related_to_environmental protection.
5．decline n．衰落，衰败；减少；下降vi.& vt.衰落；下降；婉言谢绝
[自主体验]
完成句子
①And other researchers have argued there are decades to go before oil production goes/falls_into_decline.
其他研究者认为，石油产量在走向衰退之前，还有几十年的上升空间。
②He is still one of the world's most popular golfers, but his skill is in_decline/on_the_decline.
他仍是世界上最受欢迎的高尔夫球选手之一，但他的球技大不如前。
③I didn't know why that boy declined_to_answer a question.
我不知道那个男孩为什么拒绝回答问题。
[系统归纳]
(1)fall/go into (a) decline 陷入衰退
in decline/on the decline 在衰退中，走下坡路
(2)decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事
[重点强化]
易错处处防
④The number of staff has been declined from 217,000 to 114,000.去掉been
佳句时时写
⑤(2014·四川高考书面表达)在过去的十个月里，我们一直忙于准备这次考试，谢绝参加任何聚会。
Over_the_past_ten_months,_we_have_been_busy_in_preparing_for_this_examination and_declined_to_attend_any_party.
6．seek (sought, sought) vt.& vi.试图，设法；寻找，寻求
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①If you have any questions, you can seek help from your teammates.
②Fortunately, the tourists sought out a shelter to escape from the unexpected shower.
完成句子
③Different men seek_after_happiness in different ways and by different methods.
不同的人以不同的方式和手段寻求幸福。
④Many people in their lifetime avoid or do not even seek_to_find_the_answer_to that question.
许多人在他们的一生中都在逃避或根本没有去寻找过那个问题的答案。
[系统归纳]
seek (for) sth./sb. from ... 从……寻找某物/某人
seek after 追求；追寻
seek to do sth. 试图做某事
seek one's fortune 找出路；碰运气
seek out 搜寻出；找出
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤And the search for knowledge and improvement should be something to be sought out rather than to be done.out→after
佳句时时写
⑥(2015·湖北高考书面表达)通过这次经历，我认识到质疑是帮助我们寻求真理的桥梁。
From_this_experience_I_have_learnt_that_questioning_can_serve_as_a_bridge_that helps_us_to_seek_the_truth.
[名师指津] 表示“寻找”的短语还有：look for, search for, hunt for等。
1．fall in love (with sb.)爱上(某人)，相爱，坠入爱河
[系统归纳]
fall apart 破碎，破裂；崩溃
fall behind 落后
fall over 被……绊倒；从……上跌落
fall for 上……的当，受……的骗
[重点强化]
用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)
①I'm trying to be more centred, and not fall_apart when I go through difficult things.
②I fell_behind in my studies because I went through about four years of being addicted to online games.
③An unexpected discovery makes me deeply fall_in_love_with this place.
④If you tell him that it'll make him a lot of money, he's bound to fall_for the idea.
⑤I was unlucky to slip on a banana skin and fall_over.
佳句时时写
⑥(2011·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我是你们报纸的忠实读者。我主要是因为以下两个原因喜欢上了它。
I'm_a_regular_reader_of_your_newspaper._I_fall_in_love_with_it_mainly_for_the following_two_reasons.
2．break up破裂；破碎，打碎；解散，驱散；拆开，分开；分手；结束；放假
[自主体验]
写出下列句中break up的含义
①The meeting didn't break up until deep at night.结束
②Did you know that Kate broke up with her boyfriend？分手
③The police came running and broke up the crowd.驱散
④When does the school break up for the summer holidays？放假
⑤Their marriage is breaking up.破裂
⑥They broke up the big company into several smaller ones.
拆开，分开
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
⑦(2013·山东高考书面表达)学校快要放暑假了，我写信告诉你我的假期计划。
I_am_writing_to_tell_you_my_holiday_plans_for_the_school_is_going_to_break_up_for_summer_holiday.
3．“否定词＋比较级”结构表示最高级意义
[教材原句] Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City — there could_not_be_a_more_awesome setting!
[自主体验]
①我玩得再开心不过了——这是完美的一天。
I_couldn't_have_enjoyed_myself_more — it was a perfect day.
这本书对我影响最大。
②The book has a greater effect on me than any_other_book.
③The book has a greater effect on me than all_the_other_books.
④The book has a greater effect on me than any_of_the_other_books.
⑤The book has a greater effect on me than the_rest_of_books.
[归纳点拨]
(1)“否定词＋比较级”结构表示最高级意义，通常译为“没有比……更……的，没有像……一样……的”。常用的否定词有no， not， never， nothing， nobody， hardly等。
(2)表示最高级意义的常用比较级结构还有：
[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2015·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句)When it was time for the volunteers to leave, the elderly people thanked them for their kindness. They said they couldn't have enjoyed themselves more.
②(增分要点句)Such a positive attitude towards life can be more helpful in lifting your spirits than any of the other ways.
4．before引导时间状语从句
[教材原句] Unfortunately, Puccini died of a heart attack before_he_completed_this_final_scene,_and it had to be completed by one of his former students, Franco Alfano.
[自主体验]
①—Why didn't you tell him the news?
—He rushed out of the room before_I_could_say_a_word.
——你为什么不把消息告诉他？
——我还没来得及说一句话他就冲出了房间。
②I must write it down before_I_forget_it.
趁着我还没忘，我得把它记下来。
③I'm sorry you've been waiting so long, but it'll_still_be_some_time_before Brian gets back.
对不起，让你等了这么长时间，但是，布莱恩还要过一段时间才能回来。
④It_was_three_days_before he made the decision to accept our suggestion.
三天后他才做出决定接受我们的提议。
[归纳点拨]
before引导时间状语从句，意为“还没来得及……就……；趁……；之后才……”等。before引导时间状语从句时的含义不同：
(1)一般情况下before表示“在……之前”，但在翻译时，可灵活掌握，可译为“还未……就……”“不到……就……”“……才……”“趁……”等
(2)It will be ＋一段时间＋before ...“多久之后才……”
(3)It was＋一段时间＋before ...“过了多久才……”
[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2018·北京高考写作佳句)To be frank, studying for a degree in a different culture is never easy. You'd better learn some basic Chinese before you come.
②(增分要点句)(2017·浙江高考写作佳句)It will be an hour or so before we get to the top of the mountain.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．—Would you like to see the film in which a lot of film stars are cast (担任角色)?
—Yes! What's the name of the film?
2．There are disturbing (令人不安的) reports of killings at the two centres.
3．Unwilling (不愿意) to obey his parents, the boy escaped from home.
4．The key to solving the problem is to satisfy the demands (要求) made by the workers.
5．The merciful (仁慈的) king forgave the young officer and saved him from death.
6．“It's awesome (极好的)！”he let out a cry with excitement when his favorite player kicked a goal.
7．They are still seeking (试图) to find a peaceful solution to the conflict.
8．They seized (抓住) whatever was at hand, worked out the problem and took control of the situation.
9．Since he was stuck in a lift a year ago he hasn't dared (敢) to get back into one.
10．I wanted to help him, but he declined (谢绝) with thanks.
11．Most plants will root (生根) in about six to eight weeks.
12．Don't scold (责骂) her; she's nothing but a child.
13．We were not able to meet the deadline (最后期限) because of manufacturing delays.
14．Sue screamed (尖叫), not loudly, more in surprise than terror.
15．Patients took more than two hours to be processed through the department (科).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We seek to_help (help) every student discover the joy and fulfillment in the obtainment of knowledge.
2．Though he failed the exam, he was unwilling (willing) to learn from others.
3．They were condemned to a life of hardship because of laziness or disinterest in work and savings.
4．Chris likes music and has a large collection (collect) of albums and cassettes.
5．If you want to apply for a job at the office where I work, I'll put in a good word for you.
6．You may depend on/upon_ it that he will join our club.
7．If you object to seeing such images, you should not participate in this experiment.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．The company refused the workers' demand that their wages are raised. are→be
2．She was condemning by the whole society because she left her two children at home by themselves for two months and they starved to death. condemning→condemned
3．This information cast light into the problem we had been discussing for one week.into→on
4．She declined to having lunch with her friend, saying that she wasn't feeling well. having→have
5．—You should have stopped Bob going hiking alone in such weather.
— Well, I sought persuade him, but in vain.sought后加to
6．The first and foremost thing is to let people love the city at the first sight, attracting them by its unique image.去掉第三个the
7．My husband tells me now that it was the letter I wrote to him 10 years ago that made him fall on love with me.on→in
8．If the clouds break down, we can go for a hike.down→up
9．The policeman seized the thief by hand tightly. by后加the
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Now he is crazy about pop music, so his interest in computer games is on_the_decline/in_decline.
他现在痴迷于流行音乐，因此对电脑游戏的兴趣减弱了。
2．In the early 1920s, thousands of people went to Australia to seek_their_fortune.
在二十世纪二十年代早期，成千上万的人前往澳大利亚寻求财富。
3．Our head teacher demanded that we_(should)_go_to_school_on_time.
我们班主任老师要求我们准时到校。
4．We should seize_the_opportunity_to_work_hard to achieve our goal.
我们应抓住机会努力实现我们的目标。
5．Wherever/No_matter_where_he_goes,_he can adapt himself to new circumstances.
无论走到哪里他都能适应新环境。
6．It_will_be_a_long_time before I could finish reading the novel.
我需要很长时间才能读完这本小说。
本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“音乐”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——音乐
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①tape ②live ③famous ④beat
⑤singer ⑥wellknown ⑦cheer ⑧wonderful
⑨music ⑩stage ⑪step ⑫role
⑬ticket ⑭delight ⑮direct ⑯gather
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①lyric n．歌词 ②instrument n．乐器
③album n．专辑 ④ballad n．民谣
⑤amused adj.被逗乐的 ⑥release vt.发行
⑦minor adj.小调的 ⑧major adj.大调的
⑨imitation n．模仿 ⑩melody n．旋律
⑪choir n．合唱队 ⑫speaker n．扬声器
⑬rhythm n．节奏；律动 ⑭mental adj.精神上的
⑮physical adj.身体上的 ⑯entertaining adj.娱乐的
⑰humorous adj.幽默的 ⑱comforting adj.安慰的
⑲relaxed adj.放松的 ⑳passion n．热情
accomplish vt.完成；实现 entertainment n．娱乐
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①campus songs 校园歌曲
②music composition 音乐作品
③impress sb.with sth.＝impress sth.on sb. 某物给某人留下印象
④put on 上演
⑤dance to music 伴着音乐跳舞
⑥be of great importance 非常重要
⑦think highly of 高度评价
⑧be of great help 很有帮助
⑨show up 出现
⑩be on show 上演
⑪appeal to 吸引
⑫have a good time 玩得开心
⑬adapt from 根据……改编
⑭come into being 产生，形成
⑮attend a concert 观看演唱会
⑯be popular among ... 受……欢迎
⑰sound system 音响设备
⑱listen to music 听音乐
(四)写作佳句背一背
①It's said that a famous country music band from America will come to our city to perform this Saturday evening.
②Music has always fascinated us in the way that it communicates.Without words, without pictures.
③In addition to improving creativity, learning music also cultivates many skills that will continue to be useful to your children throughout their lives.
二、话题书面表达亮一点
昨天晚上你去莲花体育馆(Lotus Stadium)观看了香港歌星张学友(Jacky Cheung)的演唱会，请你根据以下要点提示写一篇短文。
1．张学友是20世纪80年代走红的香港歌手，他的歌深受大家的欢迎，尤其是“70后”；
2．场内座无虚席，音响设备极佳，张学友的演唱很精彩；
3．演唱会上他边唱边跳，虽然已50多岁了，但还是充满激情；
4．虽然天气很热，观众还是很开心，全场欢呼，跟着唱每首歌；
5．希望有机会再次参加他的演唱会。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[写作4步走]
第一步：句写对——给词写句
attend a concert, singer, wellknown, song, be popular among, sound system, excellent, wonderful, dance, audience, have a good time, cheer, active, chance
1．昨天晚上我观看了演唱会。
I_attended_a_concert_last_night.
2．演唱会是由张学友举办的。
The_concert_was_given_by_Jacky_Cheung.
3．张学友是一位受欢迎的香港歌星。
Jacky_Cheung_is_a_pop_singer_from_Hong_Kong.
4．张学友是在20世纪80年代出名的。
Jacky_Cheung_became_wellknown_in_the_1980s.
5．他的歌曲深受大家喜爱，尤其是“70后”。
His_songs_are_very_popular_especially_among_those_who_were_born_in_the_1970s.
6．音乐会场内座无虚席。
There_was_not_a_single_empty_seat_at_the_concert.
7．音响设备极佳，他的演唱很精彩。
The_sound_system_was_excellent,_and_his_singing_was_wonderful.
8．演唱会上张学友总是边唱边跳。
Jacky_Cheung_always_danced_while_he_was_singing_at_the_concert.
9．夏天天气很热，但是观众很开心。
It_was_very_hot_in_the_summer_time,_but_all_the_audience_had_a_very_good_time.
10．我们不停地欢呼，跟着唱每首歌。
We_kept_cheering_and_sang_along_to_nearly_every_song.
11．虽然他已50多岁了，但还是充满激情。
Although_he_has_been_more_than_50_years_old,_he_is_active.
12．我希望还有机会观看他的演唱会。
I_wish_I_could_have_another_chance_to_attend_his_concert.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
13．在句1中加入状语“在莲花体育馆”。
I_attended_a_concert_at_Lotus_Stadium_last_night.
14．在句7中加入状语“令我们高兴的是”。
To_our_delight,_the_sound_system_was_excellent,_and_his_singing_was_wonderful.
15．在句10中加入状语“整场音乐会”。
We_kept_cheering_and_sang_along_to_nearly_every_song_throughout_the_concert.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
16．用过去分词作定语并用“a pop singer from Hong Kong”作同位语合并句2、3和句13。
I_attended_a_concert_given_by_Jacky_Cheung,_a_pop_singer_from_Hong_Kong,_at Lotus_Stadium_last_night.
17．用定语从句合并句4和句5。
Jacky_Cheung_became_wellknown_in_the_1980s,_whose_songs_are_very_popular especially_among_those_who_were_born_in_the_1970s.
18．用状语从句的省略改写句8。
Jacky_Cheung_always_danced_while_singing_at_the_concert.
19．用词汇be full of passion替换句11中的active。
Although_he_has_been_more_than_50_years_old,_he_is_full_of_passion.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
用what's more， in a word等衔接词连句成文
I_attended_a_concert_given_by_Jacky_Cheung,_a_pop_singer_from_Hong_Kong,_at Lotus_Stadium_last_night.Jacky_Cheung_became_wellknown_in_the_1980s,_whose_songs_are_very_popular_especially_among_those_who_were_born_in_the_1970s.
There_was_not_a_single_empty_seat_at_the_concert.To_our_delight,_the_sound_system_was_excellent,_and_his_singing_was_wonderful.What's_more,_Jacky_Cheung_always danced_while_singing_at_the_concert._It_was_very_hot_in_the_summer_time,_but_all_the_audience_had_a_very_good_time.We_kept_cheering_and_sang_along_to_nearly_every_song_throughout_the_concert.
Although_he_has_been_more_than_50_years_old,_he_is_full_of_passion.In_a_word,_I_wish_I_could_have_another_chance_to_attend_his_concert.
Ⅰ.根据提示填空
In the year 1965 the movie The Sound of Music that was to become one of the most successful ❶productions (作品) in film history was first screened.Following the big success of the ❷stage (舞台) musical The Sound of Music, Robert Wise produced and ❸directed (导演) the film of the same name.In the same year, The Sound of Music was nominated for 10 Oscars and went on to win 5: best film, best director, best sound recording, best script and best musical ❹adaptation (adapt)．And then, the real story of The Sound of Music came to be ❺known (know) worldwide.
Born in Vienna, Maria von Kutschera was living in the Benedictine Convent on Nonnberg in Salzburg.She was sent as a governess to the family of Georg Ritter von Trapp to look after his seven children, left motherless after the death of Georg Ritter von Trapp's wife.Shortly after Maria became Baron's wife, she founded a family ❻choir (合唱队) to support the family, and then they became ❼famous (著名的) and popular in Austria.Maria wrote down the story and ❽published (publish) the book, which was turned into a musical and then a famous movie later.
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
speaker， listen to， a national star， country music， folk music， popular music， concert， instrument， singer
❶Popular_music in America is what every student likes.Students carry small radios with earphones and ❷listen_to music before class, after class and at lunch.Students with cars buy large ❸speakers and play the music loudly as they drive on the street.
Adult drivers listen to music on the car radio as they drive to work.They also listen to the news about sports, the weather, politics, and activities of the American people.But most of the radio broadcast is music.
Pop or popular music singers make much money.They make a CD or tape which radio stations use in every state.Once the popular ❹singer is heard throughout the country, young people buy his or her tapes.Some of the money from these tapes comes to the singer.Wherever the singer goes, all the young people want to meet him or her.Now the singer has become ❺a_national_star.
Besides pop music, there are two other kinds of music that are important to Americans.One is called ❻folk_music.It tells stories about the common life of Americans.The other is called western or ❼country_music.This was started by cowboys who would sing at night to the cows they were watching.Today, any music about country life and the love between a country boy and his girl is called western or country music.
Serious music for the ❽concert halls is called classical music.Music for ❾instruments is called orchestra music, such as the symphonies (交响乐) of Beethoven.
一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence (evident) in a medical journal, runners live three years longer than nonrunners.
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.
3．(2017·北京高考)The national park has a large collection (collect) of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants.
4．(2017·浙江高考)Pahlsson screamed (scream) so loudly that her daughter came running from the house.
5．(2016·江苏高考)He did not compromise easily, but was willing to_accept (accept) any constructive advice for a worthy cause.
6．(2015·湖南高考)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted (root) to the ground, wondering whether to stay or leave.
7．(2014·湖南高考)Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing (disturb) other people, but there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
scold, decline, broken, seize, scream
1．(2015·广东高考)When does old age begin then？Sixtyfive may be outofdate as the dividing line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don't begin to experience physical and mental __7__ until after age 75.____________
2．(2014·山东高考)The owner stormed over, __15__the bird, took it into the “black room”， shook it a bit, pulled out a few feathers, and said，“Don't ever, ever say anything to embarrass my customers again. You got that！！！”____________
3．(2014·广东高考)Parents may__14__their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space.____________
4．(2014·山东高考)Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. Charlotte found herself operating on damaged limbs and setting__33__ bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area. ____________
5．(2013·江西高考)Panicking, she began to __51__.Then, just as it seemed as if she would slip beneath the surface, she heard a calm voice.“Hold on! I'm coming.”____________
答案：1.decline 2.seized 3.scold 4.broken 5.scream
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：音乐对社会的发展有着深远的影响，它在提升人们的审美能力的同时，也具有着重大的教育意义。它不仅对智力的开发能给予有力的促进，而且对毅力、专注、自制力等非智力因素以及性格、情操的培养都有着不可忽视的作用。音乐的类别、音乐的表现形式、著名音乐人及音乐的发展历程及其对社会的影响等都是高考选材的范围。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加彩词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying (联合) voice across cultures.
Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It's Jason Moran's job to help change that.As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
“Jazz seems like it's not really a part of the American appetite，” Moran tells National Public Radio's reporter Neal Conan.“What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore. It's actually color, and it's actually digital.”
Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.“The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same，” says Moran.
Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller's music for a dance party, “just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music，” says Moran.“For me, it's the recontextualization.In music, where does the emotion (情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight (感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context，” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”
语篇解读：本文介绍了举办第一届国际爵士乐日的宗旨、当前爵士乐面临的挑战以及如何让爵士乐重新流行的设想。
28．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?
A．To remember the birth of jazz.
B．To protect cultural diversity.
C．To encourage people to study music.
D．To recognize the value of jazz.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“UNESCO ... raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying (联合) voice across cultures.”可知，联合国教科文组织近来把4月30日设立为国际爵士乐日，旨在增强人们对爵士乐价值的认识，故答案为D。
29．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Jazz becoming more accessible.
B．The production of jazz growing faster.
C．Jazz being less popular with the young.
D．The jazz audience becoming larger.
解析：选C 代词指代题。根据语境可知，画线词that 指代上段“Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.”的内容，即爵士乐听众的数量减少并且趋于老龄化，不受年轻人喜欢的现状。
30．What can we infer about Moran's opinion on jazz?
A．It will disappear gradually.
B．It remains black and white.
C．It should keep up with the times.
D．It changes every 50 years.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第五段的内容尤其是“It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same.”可知，由于时代在改变，人们的娱乐方式已经发生改变，所以爵士乐应该随着时代改变，才能吸引更多的听众。
31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Exploring the Future of Jazz
B．The Rise and Fall of Jazz
C．The Story of a Jazz Musician
D．Celebrating the Jazz Day
解析：选A 标题归纳题。本文介绍了为保护爵士乐，联合国教科文组织设立国际爵士乐日。纵观全文内容尤其是第三至第六段中提到的杰森·莫兰对爵士乐的看法及希望可知，A项“探索爵士乐的未来”作本文标题最佳。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
利用选项特点巧解标题归纳题
标题可以帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容，抓住文章讨论的中心，把握作者的观点和意图。一般来说，文章的标题应该具有概括性、针对性、简洁性三个突出特点。
审读选项时一要注意选项内容与文章主题是否有密切的联系；二要看选项内容对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何，要注意题目范围不能过大或过小。错误选项通常具有以下三个特点：概括不够、过度概括、以事实细节代替概括性强的主旨大意。
例如第31小题，C项“The Story of a Jazz Musician”在文中未提及；B、D两项过于片面，纵观全文内容尤其是第三至第六段中提到的杰森·莫兰对爵士乐的看法及希望可知A项正确。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
At first sight, Alma Deutscher, a thirteenyearold girl from England appears to be like any other typical preteen. She loves to skip rope, read and play with her younger sister. But this modest youngster, who composed her first musical work at age six, first short opera at age seven, and first fulllength opera based on Cinderella at age ten, is anything but average. Though her parents downplay her extraordinary talent, young Alma is being described as “little Mozart” by the music world.
Alma's operatic take on the classic fairy tale, which she began writing at age eight, has a slight twist. Her Cinderella is a musician who meets her Prince Charming through a song. “In my Cinderella, she sings the beginning of a ballad — but at midnight she flees. Eventually, the prince finds her after asking all the maidens of the land to sing the end of the ballad.”
The opera was first performed in Vienna, Austria on December 29, 2016, where the then elevenyearold skillfully switched between the piano and the violin and received enthusiastic reviews. The young genius has since performed two new piano works, once in Australia and the other in China.
While this may appear to be a lot for someone so young, Alma is not worried. She says, “Of course I have to work hard. But all children have to work hard for exams, and at least when I work hard, I work hard for something incredibly exciting, like seeing my whole opera put on.”
Alma's musical talent first came to light before she could even talk. Her parents recall that as an 18monthold toddler, she was able to hum a perfect version of the children's rhyme Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.
However, Alma's abilities only gained international attention in 2012, after a family friend posted a video online comparing her to Mozart. The family was suddenly swamped with media and Alma became an overnight star, dubbed “little Mozart”. This nickname makes her parents unhappy because they believe it puts added pressure on the young girl. They would instead prefer her to be called “a composer and musician”．
Alma does not want to be compared to the famous artist either, saying “There was only one Mozart, and I prefer to be little Alma.” Regardless of what she calls herself, the thirteenyearold is changing the world of music forever!
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。13岁的Alma有音乐天赋，18个月时就能哼唱《一闪一闪小星星》，6岁时创作了她的第一部音乐作品，7岁时创作了第一部短歌剧，被人们誉为“小莫扎特”。
1. What do we know about Alma Deutscher?
A．She comes from a famous musical family.
B．She showed a great musical talent from a young age.
C．She regularly performs the classical music of Mozart.
D．She has adapted some famous works of classical music.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句“But this modest youngster, who composed her first musical work at age six, first short opera at age seven, and first fulllength opera based on Cinderella at age ten, is anything but average”可知，Alma Deutscher自小便显示出了惊人的音乐天赋，故B项正确。
2．How did Alma get to be widely known?
A．Through an online video.
B．By performing on television.
C．By putting on an opera.
D．Through her parents' promotion.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第六段的第一句可知，2012年Alma家的一位朋友在网上发布了一个视频，将Alma比作莫扎特；此后她的能力受到了国际关注，故A项正确。
3．What is Alma's attitude towards her success?
A．She is still unsatisfied with her performance.
B．She is uncomfortable with so much pressure.
C．She is modest about her musical achievements.
D．She is proud to have become a professional musician.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句可知，在人们将她比作莫扎特时，Alma不愿和这位著名的音乐家相提并论，她认为世界上只有一个莫扎特，而她更喜欢人们叫她“小Alma”；据此可以判断，面对人们的赞誉和自己的成功，Alma很谦虚，故C项正确。
4．What can we infer about Alma's parents?
A．They are very welleducated people.
B．They are protective of their daughter.
C．They have pushed Alma to take up music.
D．They have made a good life plan for Alma.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第六段的后三句可知，Alma成了一夜成名的“小莫扎特”，但这个绰号让她的父母不高兴，因为他们认为这会给这个小女孩带来额外的压力，他们宁愿她被称为“作曲家和音乐家”。据此可以判断，Alma的父母是爱护她的，故B项正确。
B
(2019·广州综合测试)The belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary, we still view technological change today as being more rapid and dramatic in its consequences for work than ever before. But this is nothing new. People have always viewed the technological change that takes place during their lives as the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history.
In the 1930s, the British economist (经济学家) John Maynard Keynes predicted the widespread use of electricity would produce a world where people spend most of their time doing nothing. In the United States during the 1960s, the government repeatedly investigated fears that automatic machines would permanently reduce the amount of work available. In 1988, one Australian historian claimed that at least a quarter of the workforce would be without jobs within 10 years because of computers.
Of course, none of these disasters came to pass in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia, or anywhere else.
Yet today, we are seeing the return of these predictions, with some experts claiming the world of work is once more undergoing radical and unprecedented change. They argue that robots and other workplace technologies are causing a reduction in the total amount of work available, or are bringing a more rapid pace of substitution of machines for humans than the one that has been seen previously.
But there is a little evidence to support such beliefs. Statistics show that the percentage of people in work, the number of hours they work, and how frequently they change jobs have remained remarkably constant over the past 20 years.
This stability should not come as a surprise. There are good reasons why we should not expect new technologies to cause the death of work. New technologies always cause job losses, but that is only part of the story. What also needs to be understood is how they increase the amount of work available.
One way this happens is through the increases in incomes that accompany the use of new technologies. With the introduction of these technologies, goods and services can be produced faster, which results in higher real incomes for workers. Higher incomes then increase demand for other products and consequently more workers are needed to make them. Additionally, while new technologies are likely to substitute for some types of workers, they will also increase demand for other types of workers, especially those with higherlevel skills and expertise.
So, the end of work is no closer today than at any time in the past. But there is still a need to keep disproving the predictions and to reduce people's fears.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。历史上曾经发生过多次预测技术的发展导致人们失业的事情，现在这个论调又被提起；数据显示，事实上新技术的发展并没有导致工作总量的减少。
5．What is the function of the second paragraph?
A．To explain the importance of developing new technologies.
B．To show how the technology affected employment in the past.
C．To argue that technological dangers are becoming more serious.
D．To give historical examples of unnecessary fears about new technologies.
解析：选D 细节理解题。通读第二段可知，该段列举了英国经济学家、美国政府和澳大利亚历史学家的预测，时间分别为20世纪30年代、20世纪60年代和1988年，他们都预测新技术的发展会导致工作职位的减少；由第三段可知，所预测的这些情况都没有发生；据此可以判断，该段旨在举例说明我们没有必要担心新技术的发展，故D项正确。
6．How can employment statistics over the past 20 years best be described?
A．Confusing. B．Reliable.
C．Stable. D．Variable.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第五段的第二句可知，就业统计数据显示，在过去的二十年里，工作人员的比例、工作时间和换工作的频率一直保持着惊人的稳定；据此可以判断，在过去的二十年里，就业统计数据是稳定的。C项意为“稳定的”，故C项正确。
7．According to Paragraph 7, why does demand for other products often increase after new technologies are introduced?
A．There are more goods for people to choose from.
B．There is more demand for new skills in the economy.
C．Productivity improvements help raise workers' salaries.
D．Higher quality goods at lower prices encourage consumption.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第七段的第二、三句可知，生产效率的提高使工人的工资上涨，这是产品需求增加的原因，故C项正确。
8．What is the author's opinion about the introduction of new technologies?
A．It does not have an effect on most people's jobs.
B．Its benefits are usually not worth the introduction.
C．It usually leads to a significant increase in employment.
D．Its danger to people's employment possibilities is overstated.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者认为人们夸大了引进新技术对失业的影响，故D项正确。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2019·兰州诊断)What is friendship? The answers may be different. __1__. We cannot live without friendship just as we cannot live without air and water. Friendship gives us a feeling of safety and warmth, and friendship encourages us to go ahead all the time.
__2__. When we feel happy, we can share our happiness with friends. When we feel down, friends will comfort us. If we are overconfident, our friends can persuade us, and they can make us confident and brave when we are discouraged.
Friendship is valuable. It can touch your heart and give you hope. Many people are proud of having a good friend. __3__. If you help your friends for no reason but simply because they are your friends, this means that you regard your friends as yourself. This is true friendship.
In fact, friendship isn't always easily kept. __4__， you should treat him or her like you want to be treated. Keep the secrets that your friend tells you. Keep your promise with your friend. Share things with your friend. Stick up for your friend. We should try our best to protect the friendship from being hurt. As an old saying goes, “Friendship cannot stand always on one side.” True friendship should be able to stand all kinds of tests.
Because of friendship, our lives are full of happiness. Therefore, the more friends we have, the more pleasure we can share with them. Let's say “Thank you” to our friends for their love and care. __5__， never forget to keep the beautiful friendship!
A．When you want to keep a friend
B．If not, their friendship still cannot last long
C．No matter where we go or who we become
D．Everyone needs friends and is eager to get friendship
E．True friendship must be sincere and must not have conditions
F．But one thing is clear that friendship is the most important thing in our life
G．Sometimes people have good friends when they are young and studying in school
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是友谊以及友谊的特点。
1．解析：选F 上文提到“友谊是什么？答案可能是不同的”，F项“但是有一点很清楚，友谊是我们生活中最重要的东西”与上文形成转折关系，再联系下文可知，应选F。
2．解析：选D D项“每个人都需要朋友，渴望得到友谊”是对下文“当我们感到快乐时，我们可以与朋友分享我们的幸福；当我们感到沮丧时，朋友会安慰我们……”的具体描述，故选D。
3．解析：选E E项中的“True friendship”与下文中的“true friendship”相照应，故选E。
4．解析：选A 下文说“你希望别人怎么待你，你也应该怎样待人”，A项“当你想留住朋友的时候”与之形成条件关系，故选A。
5．解析：选C 下文说“永远不要忘记保持美丽的友谊”，C项“无论我们走到哪里，无论我们成为谁”与之衔接紧密，故选C。
一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．stubborn adj. 固执的，顽固的
2．motherland n. 祖国
3．opportunity n. 机遇，时机
4．prejudice n. 偏见，成见
vt. 使怀有(或形成)偏见
5．discrimination n. 歧视，区别对待；辨别力，鉴赏力
6．liberty n. 自由
7．awesome adj. 极好的；令人惊叹的，令人敬畏的
8．personnel n. 人事部门；职员，全体人员
9．department n. 部，司，局，处，系
10．composer n. 作曲者，作曲家
11．folk adj. 民间的，民俗的
n. 人们；亲属(尤指父母)
12．kindergarten n. 幼儿园
13．sore adj. 疼痛的，酸痛的
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．cast vt.& vi. 选派角色；投射(光、影)；
向……投以(视线、笑容)
2．condemn vt. 判刑，宣判；指责，谴责
3．dare vt.& vi.& aux. 敢于，胆敢
4．seize vt. 逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；夺取，攻占
5．decline n. 衰落，衰败；减少；下降
vi.& vt. 衰落；下降；婉言谢绝
6．seek vt.& vi. 试图，设法；寻找，寻求
7．root n. 起源，起因；根，根茎
8．demand vt. 需要；强烈要求
n. 要求；需求
9．scold vt. 训斥，责骂
10．deadline n. 最后期限，截止日期
11．broken adj. 破损的，受伤的；中止了的；
不连续的
12．trend n. 趋势，动向
13．scream vi. 尖叫，高声喊；呼啸
n. 尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．universal adj.共同的，普遍的，全体的，全世界的→universe n．宇宙
2．disturbing adj.令人不安的；引起恐慌的→disturbed adj.心理不正常的；精神失常的→disturb vt.打扰；使中断；使焦虑
3．unwilling adj.不情愿，不愿意；勉强的，无奈的→willing adj.自愿的→willingness n．乐意
4．evident adj.清楚的，显然的→evidence n．证据；证词
5．merciful adj.仁慈的，慈悲的，宽大为怀的→mercy n．宽容，仁慈，怜悯
6．unemployment n．失业→unemployed adj.失业的→employment n．雇佣，工作，职业→employ v．雇佣→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员
7．collection n．作品集；收藏品；一批(人或物品)；取走→collect vt.收集→collector n．收集者；收藏家
8．tendency n．倾向，偏好；趋势，趋向→tend v．倾向；趋向
9．gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的；平缓的，不陡的→gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地
[语境活用]
1．Thanks to the good care of the nurses, the boy is gradually recovering from his lung operation.Certainly the recovery is a slow, gradual process.(gradual)
2．They were searching for evidence of his crime, and found it was evident that he had murdered the president.(evident)
3．The disturbing news made people present at the meeting disturbed.(disturb)
4．An increase in crime is one of the results of unemployment,_so the government and the employers should pay more attention to the employment.(employ)
5．The old collector likes to collect some old paintings and his house is said to build up a fine art collection.(collect)
6．There is a growing tendency for people to return to the hometown to start their business. Especially the middleaged tend to do that.(tend)
7．There are a huge number of unknown planets in the universe,_so these puzzles are very universal. But we believe we can make them clear one day.(universe)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.be_condemned_to_sth. 被处以某种刑罚
2．ask_for_sb.'s_hand_in_marriage (向女方)求婚
3．fall_in_love 相爱，坠入爱河
4．at_first_sight 初次见面；乍一看
5．spring_up 突然兴起，迅速出现
6．break_up 破裂，解散；破碎
7．depend_on 依赖，依靠
8．put_up 举起；张贴；提供食宿
9．apply_for 申请
10．split_up 分裂，分解
11．participate_in 参加；参与
12．have_a_tendency_for_... 有一种……倾向
13．take_on 呈现；雇用；承担
14．break_one's_promise 违背诺言
15．serve_as 起……作用；用作……
16．try_out 实验；试用
17．go_crazy 变得疯狂，发疯
18．find_out 发现；查明，弄清
19．come_close_to 接近，靠近
20．get_together 相聚，在一起
1.As a matter of fact, none of us can live alone in society. We all depend_on others sometimes to some degree.
2．I have applied_for some vocational schools and have been waiting for their reply.
3．Things became worse and worse, so I would go_crazy if this went on.
4．The man was found guilty of armed robbery and condemned_to eight years' imprisonment.
5.If the clouds break_up,_we can go for a hike.
6．The moment I came to the old town, I fell_in_love with it immediately.
7．Oceans serve_as the main arteries of transportation between continents.
8．If the project is a success, similar constructions may spring_up elsewhere in the country.
9．In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in my lovely hometown, making it take_on a new look.
10．All students should be encouraged to participate_in sports to build up their bodies.
(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City — there could not be a more awesome setting!
想象一下在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧——不可能有比这更棒的场景了！
“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义。
周围的稻田像一片金色的海洋，我从来没看见过比这更漂亮的景象！
The rice fields around me looked like a golden sea.I have_never_seen_more_beautiful_scenery_than_it!
2.Unfortunately, Puccini died of a heart attack before he completed this final scene, and it had to be completed by one of his former students, Franco Alfano.
不幸的是，普契尼还没写完最后一幕就因心脏病去世了，这一幕不得不由他以前的一名学生法兰高·阿法奴完成。
before引导时间状语从句，意为“还没来得及……就……；趁……；之后才……”等。
先做学生，后做老师。
Be a pupil before_you_become a teacher.
3.Wherever the Beatles went, there was a phenomenon called ‘Beatlemania’ — thousands of fans would surround them, screaming and going crazy trying to see them.
无论甲壳虫乐队到哪儿，总有一种被称为“披头士狂热”的现象——成千上万的粉丝聚集在他们周围，尖叫着，疯狂地试图见他们一面。
wherever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论去(在)哪里”。此时，相当于no matter where。
(2017·北京高考满分作文)无论你选择去哪里旅行，你一定会体验到中国的传统文化。
Wherever_you_choose_to_travel,_you are bound to experience the traditional Chinese culture.
二、课堂重点深化
1．cast (cast, cast) vt.& vi.选派角色；投射(光、影)；向……投以(视线、笑容) n．全体演员
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The circumstances were all against Joe, but he was not cast down.
②He has cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie.
完成句子
③Here are the research findings that cast_new_light_on the origin of our universe.
这就是对宇宙起源有新认识的研究发现。
④She cast_a_quick_glance_at the notepad to see if there were any messages for her.
她很快地瞄了一眼记事簿，看是否有留给她的口信。
[系统归纳]
be cast down (by sth.) 因某事沮丧/失望
cast light on/upon 弄清楚，使人明白
cast a glance/look at/toward ... 朝……瞧了瞧
cast sb. as ... 选派某人演……角色
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤A researcher has now cast light of the mystery of why the animals die.第一个of→on
佳句时时写
⑥(2012·湖北高考书面表达)虽然破旧的(shabby)校园和设施简陋的教室让我感到失望，但是我发现老师们耐心又体贴。
Cast_down_as_I_felt_at_the_shabby_campus_and_the_poorlyequipped_classroom,_I found_the_teachers_patient_and_considerate.
2．condemn vt.判刑，宣判；指责，谴责
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He was widely condemned for his cruel action towards his elderly parents.
②Most people are willing to condemn violence of any sort as evil.
完成句子
③The judge condemned_the_drunk_driver_to_stay in prison for six months.
法官判处这个酒驾司机六个月拘役。
④The six criminals were_condemned_to_death and another six were sentenced to life imprisonment.
六名罪犯被判处死刑，另外六名被判终身监禁。
[系统归纳]
be condemned to sth. 被处以某种刑罚；使某人被迫接受困境
condemn sb. to death 判处某人死刑
condemn sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而谴责某人
condemn ... as ... 指责……为……
be condemned to do sth. 注定做某事
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤Do you condemn yourself of things which you did or failed to do in the past？of→for
佳句时时写
⑥(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)既然你擅长乒乓球，你注定会是最合适的人选。
Since_you_are_good_at_table_tennis,_you_are_condemned_to_be_the_most_suitable person.
3．seize vt.逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；夺取，攻占
[自主体验]
完成句子
①He seized_the_letter_from my hand and began to read out loud.
他从我手里夺过信开始大声读起来。
②I think that there is no reason why we should not seize_this_opportunity and this moment.
我认为没有任何理由让我们不去抓住这次机会和这一时刻。
③Before the thief could run away, the brave girl seized_him_by_the_collar.
在小偷逃跑之前，这个勇敢的女孩抓住了他的衣领。
[系统归纳]
seize sth. from ... 从……抓取/夺取某物
seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住机会/机遇
seize sb. by the＋部位 抓住某人……
[重点强化]
易错处处防
④The host seized me by my hand and shook it heartily. my→the
佳句时时写
⑤(2015·湖南高考书面表达)老人获救了，我们很高兴。并且，我记得车牌号，之后交警抓住了司机。
The_old_man_was_saved_and_we_felt_very_pleased._What's_more,_I_remembered the_number_of_the_car,_and_the_traffic_police_seized_the_driver_later.
4．demand vt.强烈要求；需要n.要求；需求
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The hijackers are demanding to_speak (speak) to representatives of both governments.
②He has promised to repay the loan at any time on demand.
完成句子
③We have good firms whose products are in_demand around the world.
我们有优秀的公司，生产全世界都受欢迎的产品。
④It's impossible to meet/satisfy_all_your_demands.
满足你所有的要求是不可能的。
[系统归纳]
(1)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
(sb.) demand that sb. (should) do sth.
(某人)要求某人做某事(that从句使用虚拟语气)
(2)in demand 需求大；受欢迎的
on demand 一经要求
satisfy/meet the/one's demands 满足(某人的)要求
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤The manager demanded that the workers worked extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.worked→work
佳句时时写
⑥(2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)摄影俱乐部要求照片要与环境保护有关。
The_photography_club_demands_that_the_photos_be_related_to_environmental protection.
5．decline n．衰落，衰败；减少；下降vi.& vt.衰落；下降；婉言谢绝
[自主体验]
完成句子
①And other researchers have argued there are decades to go before oil production goes/falls_into_decline.
其他研究者认为，石油产量在走向衰退之前，还有几十年的上升空间。
②He is still one of the world's most popular golfers, but his skill is in_decline/on_the_decline.
他仍是世界上最受欢迎的高尔夫球选手之一，但他的球技大不如前。
③I didn't know why that boy declined_to_answer a question.
我不知道那个男孩为什么拒绝回答问题。
[系统归纳]
(1)fall/go into (a) decline 陷入衰退
in decline/on the decline 在衰退中，走下坡路
(2)decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事
[重点强化]
易错处处防
④The number of staff has been declined from 217,000 to 114,000.去掉been
佳句时时写
⑤(2014·四川高考书面表达)在过去的十个月里，我们一直忙于准备这次考试，谢绝参加任何聚会。
Over_the_past_ten_months,_we_have_been_busy_in_preparing_for_this_examination and_declined_to_attend_any_party.
6．seek (sought, sought) vt.& vi.试图，设法；寻找，寻求
[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①If you have any questions, you can seek help from your teammates.
②Fortunately, the tourists sought out a shelter to escape from the unexpected shower.
完成句子
③Different men seek_after_happiness in different ways and by different methods.
不同的人以不同的方式和手段寻求幸福。
④Many people in their lifetime avoid or do not even seek_to_find_the_answer_to that question.
许多人在他们的一生中都在逃避或根本没有去寻找过那个问题的答案。
[系统归纳]
seek (for) sth./sb. from ... 从……寻找某物/某人
seek after 追求；追寻
seek to do sth. 试图做某事
seek one's fortune 找出路；碰运气
seek out 搜寻出；找出
[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤And the search for knowledge and improvement should be something to be sought out rather than to be done.out→after
佳句时时写
⑥(2015·湖北高考书面表达)通过这次经历，我认识到质疑是帮助我们寻求真理的桥梁。
From_this_experience_I_have_learnt_that_questioning_can_serve_as_a_bridge_that helps_us_to_seek_the_truth.
[名师指津] 表示“寻找”的短语还有：look for, search for, hunt for等。
1．fall in love (with sb.)爱上(某人)，相爱，坠入爱河
[系统归纳]
fall apart 破碎，破裂；崩溃
fall behind 落后
fall over 被……绊倒；从……上跌落
fall for 上……的当，受……的骗
[重点强化]
用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)
①I'm trying to be more centred, and not fall_apart when I go through difficult things.
②I fell_behind in my studies because I went through about four years of being addicted to online games.
③An unexpected discovery makes me deeply fall_in_love_with this place.
④If you tell him that it'll make him a lot of money, he's bound to fall_for the idea.
⑤I was unlucky to slip on a banana skin and fall_over.
佳句时时写
⑥(2011·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我是你们报纸的忠实读者。我主要是因为以下两个原因喜欢上了它。
I'm_a_regular_reader_of_your_newspaper._I_fall_in_love_with_it_mainly_for_the following_two_reasons.
2．break up破裂；破碎，打碎；解散，驱散；拆开，分开；分手；结束；放假
[自主体验]
写出下列句中break up的含义
①The meeting didn't break up until deep at night.结束
②Did you know that Kate broke up with her boyfriend？分手
③The police came running and broke up the crowd.驱散
④When does the school break up for the summer holidays？放假
⑤Their marriage is breaking up.破裂
⑥They broke up the big company into several smaller ones.
拆开，分开
[重点强化]
佳句时时写
⑦(2013·山东高考书面表达)学校快要放暑假了，我写信告诉你我的假期计划。
I_am_writing_to_tell_you_my_holiday_plans_for_the_school_is_going_to_break_up_for_summer_holiday.
3．“否定词＋比较级”结构表示最高级意义
[教材原句] Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City — there could_not_be_a_more_awesome setting!
[自主体验]
①我玩得再开心不过了——这是完美的一天。
I_couldn't_have_enjoyed_myself_more — it was a perfect day.
这本书对我影响最大。
②The book has a greater effect on me than any_other_book.
③The book has a greater effect on me than all_the_other_books.
④The book has a greater effect on me than any_of_the_other_books.
⑤The book has a greater effect on me than the_rest_of_books.
[归纳点拨]
(1)“否定词＋比较级”结构表示最高级意义，通常译为“没有比……更……的，没有像……一样……的”。常用的否定词有no， not， never， nothing， nobody， hardly等。
(2)表示最高级意义的常用比较级结构还有：
[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2015·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句)When it was time for the volunteers to leave, the elderly people thanked them for their kindness. They said they couldn't have enjoyed themselves more.
②(增分要点句)Such a positive attitude towards life can be more helpful in lifting your spirits than any of the other ways.
4．before引导时间状语从句
[教材原句] Unfortunately, Puccini died of a heart attack before_he_completed_this_final_scene,_and it had to be completed by one of his former students, Franco Alfano.
[自主体验]
①—Why didn't you tell him the news?
—He rushed out of the room before_I_could_say_a_word.
——你为什么不把消息告诉他？
——我还没来得及说一句话他就冲出了房间。
②I must write it down before_I_forget_it.
趁着我还没忘，我得把它记下来。
③I'm sorry you've been waiting so long, but it'll_still_be_some_time_before Brian gets back.
对不起，让你等了这么长时间，但是，布莱恩还要过一段时间才能回来。
④It_was_three_days_before he made the decision to accept our suggestion.
三天后他才做出决定接受我们的提议。
[归纳点拨]
before引导时间状语从句，意为“还没来得及……就……；趁……；之后才……”等。before引导时间状语从句时的含义不同：
(1)一般情况下before表示“在……之前”，但在翻译时，可灵活掌握，可译为“还未……就……”“不到……就……”“……才……”“趁……”等
(2)It will be ＋一段时间＋before ...“多久之后才……”
(3)It was＋一段时间＋before ...“过了多久才……”
[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2018·北京高考写作佳句)To be frank, studying for a degree in a different culture is never easy. You'd better learn some basic Chinese before you come.
②(增分要点句)(2017·浙江高考写作佳句)It will be an hour or so before we get to the top of the mountain.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．—Would you like to see the film in which a lot of film stars are cast (担任角色)?
—Yes! What's the name of the film?
2．There are disturbing (令人不安的) reports of killings at the two centres.
3．Unwilling (不愿意) to obey his parents, the boy escaped from home.
4．The key to solving the problem is to satisfy the demands (要求) made by the workers.
5．The merciful (仁慈的) king forgave the young officer and saved him from death.
6．“It's awesome (极好的)！”he let out a cry with excitement when his favorite player kicked a goal.
7．They are still seeking (试图) to find a peaceful solution to the conflict.
8．They seized (抓住) whatever was at hand, worked out the problem and took control of the situation.
9．Since he was stuck in a lift a year ago he hasn't dared (敢) to get back into one.
10．I wanted to help him, but he declined (谢绝) with thanks.
11．Most plants will root (生根) in about six to eight weeks.
12．Don't scold (责骂) her; she's nothing but a child.
13．We were not able to meet the deadline (最后期限) because of manufacturing delays.
14．Sue screamed (尖叫), not loudly, more in surprise than terror.
15．Patients took more than two hours to be processed through the department (科).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We seek to_help (help) every student discover the joy and fulfillment in the obtainment of knowledge.
2．Though he failed the exam, he was unwilling (willing) to learn from others.
3．They were condemned to a life of hardship because of laziness or disinterest in work and savings.
4．Chris likes music and has a large collection (collect) of albums and cassettes.
5．If you want to apply for a job at the office where I work, I'll put in a good word for you.
6．You may depend on/upon_ it that he will join our club.
7．If you object to seeing such images, you should not participate in this experiment.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．The company refused the workers' demand that their wages are raised. are→be
2．She was condemning by the whole society because she left her two children at home by themselves for two months and they starved to death. condemning→condemned
3．This information cast light into the problem we had been discussing for one week.into→on
4．She declined to having lunch with her friend, saying that she wasn't feeling well. having→have
5．—You should have stopped Bob going hiking alone in such weather.
— Well, I sought persuade him, but in vain.sought后加to
6．The first and foremost thing is to let people love the city at the first sight, attracting them by its unique image.去掉第三个the
7．My husband tells me now that it was the letter I wrote to him 10 years ago that made him fall on love with me.on→in
8．If the clouds break down, we can go for a hike.down→up
9．The policeman seized the thief by hand tightly. by后加the
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Now he is crazy about pop music, so his interest in computer games is on_the_decline/in_decline.
他现在痴迷于流行音乐，因此对电脑游戏的兴趣减弱了。
2．In the early 1920s, thousands of people went to Australia to seek_their_fortune.
在二十世纪二十年代早期，成千上万的人前往澳大利亚寻求财富。
3．Our head teacher demanded that we_(should)_go_to_school_on_time.
我们班主任老师要求我们准时到校。
4．We should seize_the_opportunity_to_work_hard to achieve our goal.
我们应抓住机会努力实现我们的目标。
5．Wherever/No_matter_where_he_goes,_he can adapt himself to new circumstances.
无论走到哪里他都能适应新环境。
6．It_will_be_a_long_time before I could finish reading the novel.
我需要很长时间才能读完这本小说。
本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“音乐”子话题相对应
一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——音乐
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①tape ②live ③famous ④beat
⑤singer ⑥wellknown ⑦cheer ⑧wonderful
⑨music ⑩stage ⑪step ⑫role
⑬ticket ⑭delight ⑮direct ⑯gather
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①lyric n．歌词 ②instrument n．乐器
③album n．专辑 ④ballad n．民谣
⑤amused adj.被逗乐的 ⑥release vt.发行
⑦minor adj.小调的 ⑧major adj.大调的
⑨imitation n．模仿 ⑩melody n．旋律
⑪choir n．合唱队 ⑫speaker n．扬声器
⑬rhythm n．节奏；律动 ⑭mental adj.精神上的
⑮physical adj.身体上的 ⑯entertaining adj.娱乐的
⑰humorous adj.幽默的 ⑱comforting adj.安慰的
⑲relaxed adj.放松的 ⑳passion n．热情
accomplish vt.完成；实现 entertainment n．娱乐
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①campus songs 校园歌曲
②music composition 音乐作品
③impress sb.with sth.＝impress sth.on sb. 某物给某人留下印象
④put on 上演
⑤dance to music 伴着音乐跳舞
⑥be of great importance 非常重要
⑦think highly of 高度评价
⑧be of great help 很有帮助
⑨show up 出现
⑩be on show 上演
⑪appeal to 吸引
⑫have a good time 玩得开心
⑬adapt from 根据……改编
⑭come into being 产生，形成
⑮attend a concert 观看演唱会
⑯be popular among ... 受……欢迎
⑰sound system 音响设备
⑱listen to music 听音乐
(四)写作佳句背一背
①It's said that a famous country music band from America will come to our city to perform this Saturday evening.
②Music has always fascinated us in the way that it communicates.Without words, without pictures.
③In addition to improving creativity, learning music also cultivates many skills that will continue to be useful to your children throughout their lives.
二、话题书面表达亮一点
昨天晚上你去莲花体育馆(Lotus Stadium)观看了香港歌星张学友(Jacky Cheung)的演唱会，请你根据以下要点提示写一篇短文。
1．张学友是20世纪80年代走红的香港歌手，他的歌深受大家的欢迎，尤其是“70后”；
2．场内座无虚席，音响设备极佳，张学友的演唱很精彩；
3．演唱会上他边唱边跳，虽然已50多岁了，但还是充满激情；
4．虽然天气很热，观众还是很开心，全场欢呼，跟着唱每首歌；
5．希望有机会再次参加他的演唱会。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[写作4步走]
第一步：句写对——给词写句
attend a concert, singer, wellknown, song, be popular among, sound system, excellent, wonderful, dance, audience, have a good time, cheer, active, chance
1．昨天晚上我观看了演唱会。
I_attended_a_concert_last_night.
2．演唱会是由张学友举办的。
The_concert_was_given_by_Jacky_Cheung.
3．张学友是一位受欢迎的香港歌星。
Jacky_Cheung_is_a_pop_singer_from_Hong_Kong.
4．张学友是在20世纪80年代出名的。
Jacky_Cheung_became_wellknown_in_the_1980s.
5．他的歌曲深受大家喜爱，尤其是“70后”。
His_songs_are_very_popular_especially_among_those_who_were_born_in_the_1970s.
6．音乐会场内座无虚席。
There_was_not_a_single_empty_seat_at_the_concert.
7．音响设备极佳，他的演唱很精彩。
The_sound_system_was_excellent,_and_his_singing_was_wonderful.
8．演唱会上张学友总是边唱边跳。
Jacky_Cheung_always_danced_while_he_was_singing_at_the_concert.
9．夏天天气很热，但是观众很开心。
It_was_very_hot_in_the_summer_time,_but_all_the_audience_had_a_very_good_time.
10．我们不停地欢呼，跟着唱每首歌。
We_kept_cheering_and_sang_along_to_nearly_every_song.
11．虽然他已50多岁了，但还是充满激情。
Although_he_has_been_more_than_50_years_old,_he_is_active.
12．我希望还有机会观看他的演唱会。
I_wish_I_could_have_another_chance_to_attend_his_concert.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
13．在句1中加入状语“在莲花体育馆”。
I_attended_a_concert_at_Lotus_Stadium_last_night.
14．在句7中加入状语“令我们高兴的是”。
To_our_delight,_the_sound_system_was_excellent,_and_his_singing_was_wonderful.
15．在句10中加入状语“整场音乐会”。
We_kept_cheering_and_sang_along_to_nearly_every_song_throughout_the_concert.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
16．用过去分词作定语并用“a pop singer from Hong Kong”作同位语合并句2、3和句13。
I_attended_a_concert_given_by_Jacky_Cheung,_a_pop_singer_from_Hong_Kong,_at Lotus_Stadium_last_night.
17．用定语从句合并句4和句5。
Jacky_Cheung_became_wellknown_in_the_1980s,_whose_songs_are_very_popular especially_among_those_who_were_born_in_the_1970s.
18．用状语从句的省略改写句8。
Jacky_Cheung_always_danced_while_singing_at_the_concert.
19．用词汇be full of passion替换句11中的active。
Although_he_has_been_more_than_50_years_old,_he_is_full_of_passion.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
用what's more， in a word等衔接词连句成文
I_attended_a_concert_given_by_Jacky_Cheung,_a_pop_singer_from_Hong_Kong,_at Lotus_Stadium_last_night.Jacky_Cheung_became_wellknown_in_the_1980s,_whose_songs_are_very_popular_especially_among_those_who_were_born_in_the_1970s.
There_was_not_a_single_empty_seat_at_the_concert.To_our_delight,_the_sound_system_was_excellent,_and_his_singing_was_wonderful.What's_more,_Jacky_Cheung_always danced_while_singing_at_the_concert._It_was_very_hot_in_the_summer_time,_but_all_the_audience_had_a_very_good_time.We_kept_cheering_and_sang_along_to_nearly_every_song_throughout_the_concert.
Although_he_has_been_more_than_50_years_old,_he_is_full_of_passion.In_a_word,_I_wish_I_could_have_another_chance_to_attend_his_concert.
Ⅰ.根据提示填空
In the year 1965 the movie The Sound of Music that was to become one of the most successful ❶productions (作品) in film history was first screened.Following the big success of the ❷stage (舞台) musical The Sound of Music, Robert Wise produced and ❸directed (导演) the film of the same name.In the same year, The Sound of Music was nominated for 10 Oscars and went on to win 5: best film, best director, best sound recording, best script and best musical ❹adaptation (adapt)．And then, the real story of The Sound of Music came to be ❺known (know) worldwide.
Born in Vienna, Maria von Kutschera was living in the Benedictine Convent on Nonnberg in Salzburg.She was sent as a governess to the family of Georg Ritter von Trapp to look after his seven children, left motherless after the death of Georg Ritter von Trapp's wife.Shortly after Maria became Baron's wife, she founded a family ❻choir (合唱队) to support the family, and then they became ❼famous (著名的) and popular in Austria.Maria wrote down the story and ❽published (publish) the book, which was turned into a musical and then a famous movie later.
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
speaker， listen to， a national star， country music， folk music， popular music， concert， instrument， singer
❶Popular_music in America is what every student likes.Students carry small radios with earphones and ❷listen_to music before class, after class and at lunch.Students with cars buy large ❸speakers and play the music loudly as they drive on the street.
Adult drivers listen to music on the car radio as they drive to work.They also listen to the news about sports, the weather, politics, and activities of the American people.But most of the radio broadcast is music.
Pop or popular music singers make much money.They make a CD or tape which radio stations use in every state.Once the popular ❹singer is heard throughout the country, young people buy his or her tapes.Some of the money from these tapes comes to the singer.Wherever the singer goes, all the young people want to meet him or her.Now the singer has become ❺a_national_star.
Besides pop music, there are two other kinds of music that are important to Americans.One is called ❻folk_music.It tells stories about the common life of Americans.The other is called western or ❼country_music.This was started by cowboys who would sing at night to the cows they were watching.Today, any music about country life and the love between a country boy and his girl is called western or country music.
Serious music for the ❽concert halls is called classical music.Music for ❾instruments is called orchestra music, such as the symphonies (交响乐) of Beethoven.
一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence (evident) in a medical journal, runners live three years longer than nonrunners.
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.
3．(2017·北京高考)The national park has a large collection (collect) of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants.
4．(2017·浙江高考)Pahlsson screamed (scream) so loudly that her daughter came running from the house.
5．(2016·江苏高考)He did not compromise easily, but was willing to_accept (accept) any constructive advice for a worthy cause.
6．(2015·湖南高考)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted (root) to the ground, wondering whether to stay or leave.
7．(2014·湖南高考)Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing (disturb) other people, but there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
scold, decline, broken, seize, scream
1．(2015·广东高考)When does old age begin then？Sixtyfive may be outofdate as the dividing line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don't begin to experience physical and mental __7__ until after age 75.____________
2．(2014·山东高考)The owner stormed over, __15__the bird, took it into the “black room”， shook it a bit, pulled out a few feathers, and said，“Don't ever, ever say anything to embarrass my customers again. You got that！！！”____________
3．(2014·广东高考)Parents may__14__their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space.____________
4．(2014·山东高考)Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. Charlotte found herself operating on damaged limbs and setting__33__ bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area. ____________
5．(2013·江西高考)Panicking, she began to __51__.Then, just as it seemed as if she would slip beneath the surface, she heard a calm voice.“Hold on! I'm coming.”____________
答案：1.decline 2.seized 3.scold 4.broken 5.scream
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：音乐对社会的发展有着深远的影响，它在提升人们的审美能力的同时，也具有着重大的教育意义。它不仅对智力的开发能给予有力的促进，而且对毅力、专注、自制力等非智力因素以及性格、情操的培养都有着不可忽视的作用。音乐的类别、音乐的表现形式、著名音乐人及音乐的发展历程及其对社会的影响等都是高考选材的范围。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加彩词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying (联合) voice across cultures.
Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It's Jason Moran's job to help change that.As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
“Jazz seems like it's not really a part of the American appetite，” Moran tells National Public Radio's reporter Neal Conan.“What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore. It's actually color, and it's actually digital.”
Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.“The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same，” says Moran.
Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller's music for a dance party, “just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music，” says Moran.“For me, it's the recontextualization.In music, where does the emotion (情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight (感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context，” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”
语篇解读：本文介绍了举办第一届国际爵士乐日的宗旨、当前爵士乐面临的挑战以及如何让爵士乐重新流行的设想。
28．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?
A．To remember the birth of jazz.
B．To protect cultural diversity.
C．To encourage people to study music.
D．To recognize the value of jazz.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“UNESCO ... raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying (联合) voice across cultures.”可知，联合国教科文组织近来把4月30日设立为国际爵士乐日，旨在增强人们对爵士乐价值的认识，故答案为D。
29．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Jazz becoming more accessible.
B．The production of jazz growing faster.
C．Jazz being less popular with the young.
D．The jazz audience becoming larger.
解析：选C 代词指代题。根据语境可知，画线词that 指代上段“Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.”的内容，即爵士乐听众的数量减少并且趋于老龄化，不受年轻人喜欢的现状。
30．What can we infer about Moran's opinion on jazz?
A．It will disappear gradually.
B．It remains black and white.
C．It should keep up with the times.
D．It changes every 50 years.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第五段的内容尤其是“It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same.”可知，由于时代在改变，人们的娱乐方式已经发生改变，所以爵士乐应该随着时代改变，才能吸引更多的听众。
31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Exploring the Future of Jazz
B．The Rise and Fall of Jazz
C．The Story of a Jazz Musician
D．Celebrating the Jazz Day
解析：选A 标题归纳题。本文介绍了为保护爵士乐，联合国教科文组织设立国际爵士乐日。纵观全文内容尤其是第三至第六段中提到的杰森·莫兰对爵士乐的看法及希望可知，A项“探索爵士乐的未来”作本文标题最佳。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
利用选项特点巧解标题归纳题
标题可以帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容，抓住文章讨论的中心，把握作者的观点和意图。一般来说，文章的标题应该具有概括性、针对性、简洁性三个突出特点。
审读选项时一要注意选项内容与文章主题是否有密切的联系；二要看选项内容对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何，要注意题目范围不能过大或过小。错误选项通常具有以下三个特点：概括不够、过度概括、以事实细节代替概括性强的主旨大意。
例如第31小题，C项“The Story of a Jazz Musician”在文中未提及；B、D两项过于片面，纵观全文内容尤其是第三至第六段中提到的杰森·莫兰对爵士乐的看法及希望可知A项正确。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
At first sight, Alma Deutscher, a thirteenyearold girl from England appears to be like any other typical preteen. She loves to skip rope, read and play with her younger sister. But this modest youngster, who composed her first musical work at age six, first short opera at age seven, and first fulllength opera based on Cinderella at age ten, is anything but average. Though her parents downplay her extraordinary talent, young Alma is being described as “little Mozart” by the music world.
Alma's operatic take on the classic fairy tale, which she began writing at age eight, has a slight twist. Her Cinderella is a musician who meets her Prince Charming through a song. “In my Cinderella, she sings the beginning of a ballad — but at midnight she flees. Eventually, the prince finds her after asking all the maidens of the land to sing the end of the ballad.”
The opera was first performed in Vienna, Austria on December 29, 2016, where the then elevenyearold skillfully switched between the piano and the violin and received enthusiastic reviews. The young genius has since performed two new piano works, once in Australia and the other in China.
While this may appear to be a lot for someone so young, Alma is not worried. She says, “Of course I have to work hard. But all children have to work hard for exams, and at least when I work hard, I work hard for something incredibly exciting, like seeing my whole opera put on.”
Alma's musical talent first came to light before she could even talk. Her parents recall that as an 18monthold toddler, she was able to hum a perfect version of the children's rhyme Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.
However, Alma's abilities only gained international attention in 2012, after a family friend posted a video online comparing her to Mozart. The family was suddenly swamped with media and Alma became an overnight star, dubbed “little Mozart”. This nickname makes her parents unhappy because they believe it puts added pressure on the young girl. They would instead prefer her to be called “a composer and musician”．
Alma does not want to be compared to the famous artist either, saying “There was only one Mozart, and I prefer to be little Alma.” Regardless of what she calls herself, the thirteenyearold is changing the world of music forever!
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。13岁的Alma有音乐天赋，18个月时就能哼唱《一闪一闪小星星》，6岁时创作了她的第一部音乐作品，7岁时创作了第一部短歌剧，被人们誉为“小莫扎特”。
1. What do we know about Alma Deutscher?
A．She comes from a famous musical family.
B．She showed a great musical talent from a young age.
C．She regularly performs the classical music of Mozart.
D．She has adapted some famous works of classical music.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句“But this modest youngster, who composed her first musical work at age six, first short opera at age seven, and first fulllength opera based on Cinderella at age ten, is anything but average”可知，Alma Deutscher自小便显示出了惊人的音乐天赋，故B项正确。
2．How did Alma get to be widely known?
A．Through an online video.
B．By performing on television.
C．By putting on an opera.
D．Through her parents' promotion.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第六段的第一句可知，2012年Alma家的一位朋友在网上发布了一个视频，将Alma比作莫扎特；此后她的能力受到了国际关注，故A项正确。
3．What is Alma's attitude towards her success?
A．She is still unsatisfied with her performance.
B．She is uncomfortable with so much pressure.
C．She is modest about her musical achievements.
D．She is proud to have become a professional musician.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句可知，在人们将她比作莫扎特时，Alma不愿和这位著名的音乐家相提并论，她认为世界上只有一个莫扎特，而她更喜欢人们叫她“小Alma”；据此可以判断，面对人们的赞誉和自己的成功，Alma很谦虚，故C项正确。
4．What can we infer about Alma's parents?
A．They are very welleducated people.
B．They are protective of their daughter.
C．They have pushed Alma to take up music.
D．They have made a good life plan for Alma.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第六段的后三句可知，Alma成了一夜成名的“小莫扎特”，但这个绰号让她的父母不高兴，因为他们认为这会给这个小女孩带来额外的压力，他们宁愿她被称为“作曲家和音乐家”。据此可以判断，Alma的父母是爱护她的，故B项正确。
B
(2019·广州综合测试)The belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary, we still view technological change today as being more rapid and dramatic in its consequences for work than ever before. But this is nothing new. People have always viewed the technological change that takes place during their lives as the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history.
In the 1930s, the British economist (经济学家) John Maynard Keynes predicted the widespread use of electricity would produce a world where people spend most of their time doing nothing. In the United States during the 1960s, the government repeatedly investigated fears that automatic machines would permanently reduce the amount of work available. In 1988, one Australian historian claimed that at least a quarter of the workforce would be without jobs within 10 years because of computers.
Of course, none of these disasters came to pass in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia, or anywhere else.
Yet today, we are seeing the return of these predictions, with some experts claiming the world of work is once more undergoing radical and unprecedented change. They argue that robots and other workplace technologies are causing a reduction in the total amount of work available, or are bringing a more rapid pace of substitution of machines for humans than the one that has been seen previously.
But there is a little evidence to support such beliefs. Statistics show that the percentage of people in work, the number of hours they work, and how frequently they change jobs have remained remarkably constant over the past 20 years.
This stability should not come as a surprise. There are good reasons why we should not expect new technologies to cause the death of work. New technologies always cause job losses, but that is only part of the story. What also needs to be understood is how they increase the amount of work available.
One way this happens is through the increases in incomes that accompany the use of new technologies. With the introduction of these technologies, goods and services can be produced faster, which results in higher real incomes for workers. Higher incomes then increase demand for other products and consequently more workers are needed to make them. Additionally, while new technologies are likely to substitute for some types of workers, they will also increase demand for other types of workers, especially those with higherlevel skills and expertise.
So, the end of work is no closer today than at any time in the past. But there is still a need to keep disproving the predictions and to reduce people's fears.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。历史上曾经发生过多次预测技术的发展导致人们失业的事情，现在这个论调又被提起；数据显示，事实上新技术的发展并没有导致工作总量的减少。
5．What is the function of the second paragraph?
A．To explain the importance of developing new technologies.
B．To show how the technology affected employment in the past.
C．To argue that technological dangers are becoming more serious.
D．To give historical examples of unnecessary fears about new technologies.
解析：选D 细节理解题。通读第二段可知，该段列举了英国经济学家、美国政府和澳大利亚历史学家的预测，时间分别为20世纪30年代、20世纪60年代和1988年，他们都预测新技术的发展会导致工作职位的减少；由第三段可知，所预测的这些情况都没有发生；据此可以判断，该段旨在举例说明我们没有必要担心新技术的发展，故D项正确。
6．How can employment statistics over the past 20 years best be described?
A．Confusing. B．Reliable.
C．Stable. D．Variable.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第五段的第二句可知，就业统计数据显示，在过去的二十年里，工作人员的比例、工作时间和换工作的频率一直保持着惊人的稳定；据此可以判断，在过去的二十年里，就业统计数据是稳定的。C项意为“稳定的”，故C项正确。
7．According to Paragraph 7, why does demand for other products often increase after new technologies are introduced?
A．There are more goods for people to choose from.
B．There is more demand for new skills in the economy.
C．Productivity improvements help raise workers' salaries.
D．Higher quality goods at lower prices encourage consumption.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第七段的第二、三句可知，生产效率的提高使工人的工资上涨，这是产品需求增加的原因，故C项正确。
8．What is the author's opinion about the introduction of new technologies?
A．It does not have an effect on most people's jobs.
B．Its benefits are usually not worth the introduction.
C．It usually leads to a significant increase in employment.
D．Its danger to people's employment possibilities is overstated.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者认为人们夸大了引进新技术对失业的影响，故D项正确。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2019·兰州诊断)What is friendship? The answers may be different. __1__. We cannot live without friendship just as we cannot live without air and water. Friendship gives us a feeling of safety and warmth, and friendship encourages us to go ahead all the time.
__2__. When we feel happy, we can share our happiness with friends. When we feel down, friends will comfort us. If we are overconfident, our friends can persuade us, and they can make us confident and brave when we are discouraged.
Friendship is valuable. It can touch your heart and give you hope. Many people are proud of having a good friend. __3__. If you help your friends for no reason but simply because they are your friends, this means that you regard your friends as yourself. This is true friendship.
In fact, friendship isn't always easily kept. __4__， you should treat him or her like you want to be treated. Keep the secrets that your friend tells you. Keep your promise with your friend. Share things with your friend. Stick up for your friend. We should try our best to protect the friendship from being hurt. As an old saying goes, “Friendship cannot stand always on one side.” True friendship should be able to stand all kinds of tests.
Because of friendship, our lives are full of happiness. Therefore, the more friends we have, the more pleasure we can share with them. Let's say “Thank you” to our friends for their love and care. __5__， never forget to keep the beautiful friendship!
A．When you want to keep a friend
B．If not, their friendship still cannot last long
C．No matter where we go or who we become
D．Everyone needs friends and is eager to get friendship
E．True friendship must be sincere and must not have conditions
F．But one thing is clear that friendship is the most important thing in our life
G．Sometimes people have good friends when they are young and studying in school
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是友谊以及友谊的特点。
1．解析：选F 上文提到“友谊是什么？答案可能是不同的”，F项“但是有一点很清楚，友谊是我们生活中最重要的东西”与上文形成转折关系，再联系下文可知，应选F。
2．解析：选D D项“每个人都需要朋友，渴望得到友谊”是对下文“当我们感到快乐时，我们可以与朋友分享我们的幸福；当我们感到沮丧时，朋友会安慰我们……”的具体描述，故选D。
3．解析：选E E项中的“True friendship”与下文中的“true friendship”相照应，故选E。
4．解析：选A 下文说“你希望别人怎么待你，你也应该怎样待人”，A项“当你想留住朋友的时候”与之形成条件关系，故选A。
5．解析：选C 下文说“永远不要忘记保持美丽的友谊”，C项“无论我们走到哪里，无论我们成为谁”与之衔接紧密，故选C。
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