2020版一轮复习英语译林江苏专版学案：必修5Unit3Scienceandnature

Unit 3　Science and nature



一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇
Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)
[第一屏听写]
1．clone vt.　　　　　　　 　 克隆
n. 克隆出来的动物或植物
2．nutrition n. 营养
3．follow n. 男子，家伙；同事，同类
4．channel n. 水道；航道；隧道
5．catastrophe n. 灾难，灾祸
6．insert vt. 插入，嵌入
7．tissue n. (生物的)组织；纸巾
[第二屏听写]
8．saleswoman n．　　　　　　 女售货员，女推销员
9．physician n. 医师；内科医生
10．tasty adj. 美味的，可口的
11．agriculture n. 农业
12．rainforest n. 雨林
13．*embryo n. 胚胎
14．*monster n. 怪物
15．*mammal n. 哺乳动物
16．*Scottish adj. 苏格兰的
[第三屏听写]
17．*Italian adj.　　　　　　 意大利的
n. 意大利人；意大利语
18．goat n. 山羊
19．radiation n. 辐射，放射线
20．acre n. 英亩
21．*genetics n. 遗传学
22．*genetically adv. 从基因上，与基因相关
23．*modify vt. 调整，修改；修饰
24．pest n. 害虫
Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)
[第四屏听写]
1．chain n．　　　　　 　　 　 一系列；一连串(人或事)
2．summary n. 总结；概况，概要
3．cell n. 细胞；小间隔；电池
4．accurate adj. 准确的，精确的
5．actual adj. 真实的，实际的
6．income n. 收入，收益
7．exact adj. 精确的，准确的
[第五屏听写]
8．harvest vt. & vi. 　 收割(庄稼)
n. 收获；收成
9．crime n. 罪，罪行
10．hunger n. 饥饿；饥荒
11．ordinary adj. 普通的，一般的
12．breakthrough n. 突破
13．relation n. 关系；亲戚
14．concept n. 概念；观念
[第六屏听写]
15．real­life adj.　　 　 真实的，现实生活的
16．brief adj. 短时间的，短暂的；简洁的，简单的
17．conduct vt. 实施；指挥乐队
18．profit n. 利润，收益
vi. & vt. 获益；对……有用
19．favour n. 赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒
20．confirm vt. & vi. 证实，证明；确认；使确信
21．transform vt. 使改变外观或性质(尤指好的方向)；使改变形态
[第七屏听写]
22．intention n．　　　　 意图，目的；企图
23．anxiety n. 忧虑，焦虑，不安
24．adopt vt. 收养，领养；采用，采纳
25．legal adj. 法律许可的，合法的
26．consequence n. 结果，后果
27．profession n. 职业，行业
28．original adj. 原来的，起初的；首创的；非复制的
29．judgement n. 判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决
[第八屏听写]
30．majority n．　　　 　 多数，大多数
31．consideration n. 仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；体谅，顾及
32．reliable adj. 可信赖的，可依靠的
33．frighten vt. 使惊吓，使惊恐
34．permission n. 准许，许可，批准
35．be/get_burnt_out 耗尽体力，累垮
36．public_relations 公共关系学
[第九屏听写]
37．follow_in_one's_footsteps　 效仿某人
38．take_..._into_consideration 认真考虑
39．in_favour_of 赞同，支持
40．for_sale 供出售
41．push_ahead_with 义无反顾地进行，努力推进
42．on_the_one_hand_..._on_the_other_hand_...
一方面……另一方面……
43．toy_with 戏弄，摆弄；把……当作儿戏
二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾
(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高

识记单词写对
Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)
1.clone vt.　　　克隆
n. 克隆出来的动物或植物
2.nutrition n. 营养
3.fellow n. 男子，家伙；同事，同类
4.channel n. 水道；航道；隧道
5.catastrophe n. 灾难，灾祸
6.insert vt. 插入，嵌入
Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)
1.chain n．　　一系列；一连串(人或事)
2.summary n. 总结；概况，概要
3.cell n. 细胞；小间隔；电池
4.actual adj. 真实的，实际的
5.income n. 收入，收益
6.exact adj. 精确的，准确的
n. 收获；收成
7.harvest vt. & vi. 收割(庄稼)
8.crime n. 罪，罪行
9.ordinary adj. 普通的，一般的
10.breakthrough n. 突破
11.relation n. 关系；亲戚
12.real­life adj. 真实的，现实生活中的
核
心
单
词
练
通
1.The businessman wanted to make as many profits (利润) as he could from his products.
2.I'm fully aware that it's the experience from my life abroad that has totally transformed (改变) me.
3.We are studying to prove this point, and it has initially been confirmed (进一步证实)．
4.Do me a favour (帮忙) and turn the radio down while I'm on the phone, will you？
5.Dennis had recently begun a successful career conducting (指挥) opera.
6.Provide your doctor with a detailed medical history so that he can give you accurate (精确的) treatment.
7.We can't trust him because he has no concept (概念) of right and wrong.
8.Now please be brief (简洁的) — my time is valuable.
9.Without a driver's permit (许可证), you are not permitted to drive the car.
10.This program was set up with an intention (意图) of providing help to homeless people.
拓展单词用活
[记全记牢]
1.anxiety n．忧虑，焦虑，不安→anxious adj.担忧的，焦急的
2.adopt vt.收养，领养；采用，采纳→adopted adj.收养的→adoption n．采用；收养
3.consequence n．结果，后果→consequent adj.随之发生的→consequently adv.因此，所以
4.profession n．职业，行业→professional adj.专业的，职业的
5.original adj.原来的，起初的；首创的；非复制的→origin n．起源；出身，来历
6.judgement n．判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决→judge v．判断
7.majority n．多数，大多数→minority n．少数民族；少数
8.consideration n．仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；体谅，顾及→consider v．考虑，认为→considering prep.鉴于，考虑到→considerate adj.体贴的→considerable adj.大量的
9.reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的→rely vi.依靠，依赖
10.frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐→frightening adj.(事物)令人害怕的→frightened adj.(人)感到害怕的
[用准用活]
1.Judging from his look, he is really sorry about what he has done.In my judgement,_we should give him a second chance.After all, we can't judge a person only by the mistake he had made.(judge)
2.Support for inter­country adoption is particularly strong in America, where parents adopt more foreign children than all the rest of the world.(adopt)
3.An anxious man may not know that anxiety comes from not being able to adapt himself in his own existence.(anxious)
4.No one knows for certain the origin of the custom. We only know the custom is still in its original condition.(origin)
5.The old man considers his daughter­in­law considerate because she always takes everything into consideration when she deals with family affairs.(consider)
6.My cousin is a reliable person and you can rely on it that he can help you.(rely)
7.On seeing the frightening scene, the little girl was so frightened that she burst out crying.(frighten)
⇩
1.走进“有缘词”
①tissue组织→issue问题
②dessert 甜点→desert舍弃
③affect vt.影响→effect n．影响
④principle信条→principal校长
⑤adapt适应→adopt 收养
⑥expand扩张→expend花费
2.“犯罪”相关常见词
①crime n．　罪，罪行
②accuse vt. 控告；指控
③charge vt. 控告
④commit vt. 犯(罪)
⑤punish vt. 惩罚；处罚
⑥sentence vt. 判决；宣判
3.“情绪”名词集合
①anxiety　　焦虑，忧虑
②depression 沮丧；抑郁症
③sorrow 悲伤；悲痛
④sadness 悲伤，难过
⑤grief 悲伤；伤心事
4.有病不可乱投“医”
①physician　内科医生
②surgeon 外科医生
③dentist 牙医
④eye doctor 眼科医生
⑤plastic surgeon
整形外科医生
(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高
先 写 对
再 用 准
第一组
1.toy_with　　戏弄，摆弄；把……当作儿戏
2.push_ahead_with 义无反顾地进行，努力推进
3.follow_in_one's_footsteps 效仿某人
4.in_favour_of 赞同，支持
5.point_out 指出
6.in_summary 概括地说j
Nowadays more and more scientists have the intention of cloning cows, goats and other animals. A physician even ①follow_in Ian Wilmut's footsteps to ②push_ahead_with research in order to produce human body. Some people are ③in_favour_of it while others are against it. Those who oppose it hold the belief that this action is ④toying_with nature, and it is illegal.
第二组
1.on_the_one_hand_..._on_the_other_hand_...
一方面……另一方面……
2.take_..._into_consideration 认真考虑
3.put_...in_place 准备就绪，布置妥当
4.deal_with 处理，对付
5.be/get_burnt_out 耗尽体力，累垮
6.turn_out 结果是，证明是；生产
As is known to us all, more and more technologies are being adopted nowadays, which greatly promotes the local economy. ①On_the_one_hand,_rapid development of the economy improves the living conditions of people; on_the_other_hand,_it speeds up environmental destruction. ②Taking everything into_consideration,_the government realizes what is most important is to ③deal_with pollution, so they ④put everything in_place to prevent environment from being polluted.
第三组
1.for_sale　　供出售，待销售
2.in_agreement_with 同意；与……一致
3.point_of_view 观点
4.make_sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通
5.rather_than 而不是
6.compared_with 与……相比较
Independence is the ability to make decisions and choices and to act ①in_agreement_with them. ②Compared_with other boys, Tony learned to rely on himself from an early age. He would send milk and sell newspapers for his pocket money ③rather_than turn to his parents for help. His mother thought it ④made_sense to develop the sense of being independent when children were young.
⇩
1.“累垮”表达种种
①be/get burnt out
②be/get worn out
③be/get tired out
④be/get exhausted
2.学会“总结”好处多
①in summary　　②in short
③in brief ④in conclusion
⑤in a/one word ⑥to sum up
3.“考虑”短语知多少
①take ... into consideration　　　 　　　　　　　认真考虑
②take ... into account 考虑
③take account of 考虑
④think over 仔细考虑
4.“in＋n.＋of”短语荟萃
①in favour of 支持，赞同
②in memory of 为了纪念
③in honour of　 　为了纪念
④in view of 鉴于；由于
⑤in terms of 就……而言
⑥in case of 以防；万一
⑦in need of 需要
⑧in place of 代替；取代
⑨in search of 寻找，寻求
(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高
背 原 句
明 句 式
学 仿 写
1.The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.
第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。
the first/second/... (＋n./pron.)后常接不定式(to do)作定语。
In your school, you were the_first_one_to_win_the_first_prize in a robotics competition.
(2018·天津高考满分作文)在你们学校，你是第一个在机器人竞赛中获得一等奖的人。
2.The boy was more frightened than hurt.
这个男孩与其说受伤不如说是害怕。
more ... than ...意为“与其说……倒不如说……”。
(2016·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句)对于我们学生而言，环保与其说是兴趣，倒不如说是一种责任。
Environmental protection is more a responsibility for our students than interest.
3.Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modified (GM) food.
转基因食品就是最好的例子。
否定词(nowhere)与形容词比较级(truer)连用表示最高级含义。
再没有什么比未能获得成功更令人疲倦的了。
There is nothing_more_tiring_than not succeeding.


考点新组合
阅读微技能
　　The cell phones are being widely adopted，❶________ (无论是年轻人还是老年人). The first thing to carry with us is a phone when we go out. On the one hand they make it easier for us to get in touch with each other, ❷profiting us a lot; on the other hand, some people are addicted to the cell phones ❸while_walking. As a consequence, they are called phubber (低头族)．
1.完成①处句子whether_the_young_or_the_old。
2.用近义词替换②处单词_benefiting。
3.③处为时间状语从句的省略，其完整表达为while_they_are_walking。

1．adopt vt.收养，领养；采用，采纳

(1)adopt one's advice (suggestion)/plan/idea
　　　　　　　　　 采纳某人的建议/计划/想法
adopt a positive attitude 采取积极的态度
adopt an orphan 领养孤儿
(2)adopted adj. 领养的
adoption n. 收养；采纳
[多角练透]
单项填空
①Considering the advantages of the method, they decided to ________ it.
A．arrange　　　　　　　　 　B．possess
C．adopt D．adapt
解析：选C　句意：考虑到这个方法的优势，他们决定采用。adopt“采用”，符合句意。arrange“安排”；possess“拥有，占有”；adapt“改变；适应”。
用adopt的适当形式完成小语段
②Mr.White is the adopted son of Mrs.Green, who adopted him when his parents died 20 years ago.Thanks to her adoption,_Mr.White could receive a good education and became an engineer.
完成句子
③Having no children of their own, they decided to adopt_an_orphan (领养一个孤儿)．
④Adopting_the_doctor's_advice (采纳医生的建议), he cut down coffee and cigarettes and ate a balanced diet.
2．profit n．利润，收益；好处，益处 vi.获益 vt.对……有用/好处
[一词多义]　写出下列句中profit的含义
①I think it will profit you nothing to follow his example.对……有用/好处
②On the basis of our sales forecasts, we may begin to make a profit next year.利润，收益
③I like reading each day for profit and pleasure. 好处，益处
④I'm sure that all of you will profit from this special experience.获益
3．consequence n． 结果；后果

(1)as a consequence/result ＝in consequence
　　　　　　　　　　 因此，结果
as a consequence/result of ＝in consequence of
因为……的缘故
(2)take/accept/face the consequences of
承担……的后果
(3)consequent adj. 作为结果的，随之发生的
consequently adv. 因此，结果；所以
[多角练透]
用consequence的适当形式填空
①His financial embarrassment is consequent upon his careless spending.
②Consequently,_I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year.
完成句子
③Rubbish and waste water are being poured into the river; as_a_consequence/in_consequence/consequently (因此), water sources have become badly polluted.
④The match will have to be delayed as_a_consequence_of/in_consequence_of_the_heavy_rain (由于大雨)．
⑤The young should learn to take/accept/face_the_consequences_of (承担……的后果) their actions.
4．on the one hand ... on the other hand ... 一方面……另一方面……
[辨析比较]
on (the) one hand ... on the other (hand) ...　　
意为“一方面……另一方面……”，常用来表述一个事物的两个方面，通常用于引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等
for one thing ... for another (thing)．..
意为“首先……，再者……”，陈述的两个方面的情况常常一致
①On_one_hand,_loss implies gain; on_the_other_hand,_gain implies loss.
塞翁失马，安知非福；塞翁得马，安知非祸。
②I'm not going to buy it; for_one_thing I don't like the color, and for_another it's far too expensive.
我不会买它，首先我不喜欢这颜色，再者也太贵了。
5．动词不定式短语作后置定语
[教材原句]　The_first_mammal_to_be_cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep.
第一只成功地用成年动物细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。
动词不定式作后置定语的几种情况：
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the only, the last, the right时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
(2)动词不定式作后置定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability, chance, opportunity, ambition, attempt, offer, way以及time, place等。
(3)动词不定式作后置定语表示将要发生的动作。
①I was the only student in our class to_work out the problem correctly.
我是班里唯一一个正确解答这道题的学生。
②It's said that she has the ability to_do the challenging work well.
据说她有能力做好这一项具有挑战性的工作。
③He said he had an important meeting to_attend.
他说他有一个重要的会议要参加。
考点新组合
阅读微技能
　　Recently we conducted a survey over 2,000 students about their reading habits. The majority of them read more than 3 books per year but some said “no”. However, I think we should take long­term interests ❶________ consideration rather than the current interest. ❷If we transform the reading ideas and develop a habit of reading, we can benefit a lot.
1.补全①处的介词_into。
2.句式升级：把句②改为“only＋状语”引导的倒装句Only_by_transforming_the_reading_ideas_and_developing_a_habit_of_reading_can_we_benefit_a_lot.。

6．conduct vt.指挥；导电；实施，进行；引导n.行为，举止
[一词多义]　写出下列句中conduct的含义
①From childhood, she tried to live by the teachings of her parents and gradually accumulated a set of standards of conduct. 行为，举止
②Knowledge is the candle to conduct you to the bright and true life. 引导
③In the new century we need to conduct new foreign trade policies to realize high­speed development of our economy. 实施，进行
④Most metals can conduct electricity. 导电
⑤Who will conduct the orchestra tonight？指挥
7．majority n．多数，大多数

(1)a/the majority of ...　　　 大多数……
be in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数
(2)minority n. 少数
in the/a minority 占少数
(3)major n．& v. 主修；专业
adj. 主要的
major in 主修……；以……为专业
[多角练透]
用所给词的适当形式填空
①We are all consumers of time, and the majority (major) of us also tend to be time wasters.
②But even though some British people are quite strange, the majority of them are (be) really friendly and I've made some good friends.
完成句子
③I graduated from Chongqing Normal University and majored_in (主修) information management.
④Among the members of the committee those who are in favour of the plan are in_the_majority (占多数)．
[真题印证]
⑤(2011·湖南高考)One­third of the country ________ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ________black people.
A．is; are　　　　　　　 　B．is; is
C．are; are D．are; is
解析：选A　考查主谓一致。句意：这个国家的三分之一被树覆盖，而且大多数公民是黑人。在第一空中，one­third of the country 指“一个国家的三分之一”，后面的谓语动词应用单数形式；在第二空中，the majority 后面的citizens 为复数意义，故谓语动词用复数形式。
[名师指津]　(1)the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。
(2)the majority of ＋
8．transform vt.& vi.使改变外观或性质(尤指向好的方向)；使改变形态；转化；转换；改造

(1)transform (...) into ...　　　 (把……)变成……/转化成……
be transformed from ... into ... 由……变成……；由……迁到……
(2)transformation n. (外观或性质的)改变，变革
[题点全练]　介词填空/用所给词的适当形式填空
①She helps transform literature into braille (盲文) to bring the power of story and knowledge to the hearts and minds of blind readers.
②I was a student who went on alternative break trips and had my life totally transformed (transform) by that experience.
③He has made a complete transformation (transform) from a comedian into a dramatic actor.
[联想发散]　“把……变成……”的其他表达：turn ... into ...; change ... into ...等。
9．take ... into consideration认真考虑

(1)show consideration for　　 对……表示关心
under consideration 在讨论/考虑中
out of consideration for 出于对……的考虑/体谅
(2)consider vt. 考虑；认为
considerate adj. 考虑周到的，体贴的
considerable adj. 大量的
considering prep. 考虑到；就……而言；鉴于
[多角练透]
介词填空
①Everything taken into consideration, his work is well done.
②It's said that the plan is under_consideration by the Ministry of Education.
③If you can help other people with pleasure and show your consideration for them, everybody will like to be with you.
完成句子
④His exam results were not very good, but we must take_his_long_illness_into_consideration (考虑到他曾长期生病)．
⑤You should turn your music down out_of_consideration_for_your_neighbours (出于对你的邻居们的体谅).

考点新组合
阅读微技能
　　❶My English teacher is more concerned for us than strict with us. Once I was frightened of examinations. Knowing about it, she did her best to do me a favour to get rid of the anxiety. It was she ❷________ made me confirm my belief of studying. I will follow in her footsteps and be a good teacher after graduation.
1.把句①译成汉语与其说我们英语老师对我们很严格，不如说她对我们很关心。
2.②处应填that/who，构成强调句型。

10．frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐

(1)frighten sb. into/out of doing sth.　吓得某人做/不敢做某事
frighten ... away/off 吓走/跑
(2)frightening adj. (事物)令人恐惧的，可怕的
frightened adj. (人)害怕的，受到惊吓的
be frightened at/by 对……害怕
[多角练透]
单项填空
①Mary felt rather ________ that her husband should drive the car at such a ________ speed on the countryside road.
A．frightening; frightening　　 　B．frightened; frightening
C．frightened; frightened D．frightening; frightened
解析：选B　句意：玛丽感到相当害怕，她的丈夫居然在乡村道路上以如此令人恐惧的速度驾驶。frightened“受惊吓的，害怕的”，指人的感受；frightening“令人害怕的”，修饰物。
介、副词填空
②He was frightened at/by the scene that so many people were killed during the conflict.
③The bird came to the window, but I moved suddenly and frightened it away/off.
④News of the robberies frightened many people into fitting new locks to their doors.
11．favour n．赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；喜爱；偏爱，偏袒vt.支持，偏袒
[练牢基点]　写出下列句中favour的含义
①We have to apply the same rules to everyone, showing no favour.偏爱，偏袒
②Chinese export commodities have enjoyed growing favour among buyers abroad.喜爱
③I want to ask a favour of you; will you lend me your car？帮助
④I talked to Susie about travelling abroad, and she was all in favour of going abroad.赞同
[系统考点]
(1)in favour of　　　　　　　 支持，赞同；有利于
in sb.'s favour 有利于某人
(2)do sb. a favour/do a favour for sb. 给某人以恩惠；帮助某人
ask sb. a favour＝ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙
(3)favourable adj. 赞同的；有利的；良好的
favourite adj. & n. 特别喜爱(欢)的(东西)
[练通重点]
用所给词的适当形式填空
⑤It used to be my favourite (favour) restaurant but the standard of cooking has fallen off recently.
⑥He made a favourable (favour) impression on his future colleagues.
完成句子
⑦When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside in_favour_of (支持) younger men.
⑧The situation both at home and abroad is in_our_favour (对我们有利)．
⑨I am writing to ask_a_favour (请求帮忙) to find and send back my pack which I left in your hotel.
12．confirm vt.& vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信

confirm one's belief　　　　　　 坚定某人的信念
be confirmed by sb. 被某人认可
It has been confirmed that ... 已确定/证实……
[题点全练]　完成句子
①They worked out an effective method, which was_confirmed_by_the_leadership (被领导认可了)．
②It_has_been_confirmed (已证实) that greenhouse gases are to blame for the the global warming.
③The recent airplane crash confirms_my_belief (坚定了我的信念) that stronger safety regulations are needed.
13．follow in one's footsteps 效仿某人

(1)follow in the footsteps of ... 效仿……
follow one's example 以某人为榜样
follow one's advice/directions　　　 听从/遵循某人的建议/指示
(2)as follows 如下，如下所述
[题点全练]　完成句子
①Follow_in_the_footsteps_of a mentor you can learn from.
尝试着跟上你的良师益友的脚步。
②We must all follow_his_example and serve the people with all our hearts.
我们都应以他为榜样，全心全意为人民服务。
③The benefits of running can be summarized as_follows.
跑步的优点概括起来有以下几个方面。
④Follow_my_advice and you'll succeed in time.
听从我的建议，你终究会成功的。
14．more ... than ...
[教材原句]　The boy was more frightened than hurt.
这个男孩与其说受伤不如说是害怕。

(1)more ... than ...“与其说……倒不如说……”，该结构强调more后面的内容，表示同一个人或事物的两种特征对比，more和than后接形容词(副词)的原级、名词、介词短语或动词不定式等两个并列成分。
(2)与more than有关的其他用法
more than＋数词　　　　 超过，多于(相当于over)
more than＋形容词 很；非常
more than＋名词　 不只是；不仅是
more than＋can/could 超过了……所能
no more than(＝only) 只不过；仅仅
not more than 不超过；至多
①He is more_lucky_than_clever.
与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。
②Learning that you are organizing this activity to share books worldwide, I am more_than_happy to apply for it.
得知你们在组织全球共享书籍活动，我非常乐意申请参加。
③For many wealthy folks, house­purchase is no_more_than an investment, I'm afraid.
对于许多富人来说，恐怕买房不过是一种投资而已。
④The heat there was more_than_he_could_stand.
那儿的炎热程度是他所不能忍受的。


[单元语基落实]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．This report offered the most specific and accurate (准确的) description of the problems.
2．We are studying to prove this point, and it has initially been confirmed (证实)．
3．Will you do me a favour (帮忙) and tell me how the Internet works?
4．Dennis has recently begun a successful career conducting (指挥) an opera.
5．John was adopted (收养) as a baby; he never knew his natural parents.
6．Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious consequences (结果), so do be careful.
7．We are looking for someone who is reliable (可靠的) and hard­working.
8．In no case should we sacrifice principles for economic profits (利润)．
9．An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority (大多数) of the committee members are against it.
10．This poem fully expresses the author's love for the ordinary (普通的) people and hatred for the ruling class.
11．The movie transformed (使改变) her almost overnight from an unknown schoolgirl into a superstar.
12．I can't make that decision for you, so you will have to use your judgement (判断力)．
13．Careful consideration (考虑) should be given to issues of health and safety.
14．It's better for the government to attach more importance to the original (首创的) inventions of all kinds.
15．He received the news of his father's sickness with great anxiety (焦虑)．
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Less than twenty percent of the employees in their company are women.That is to say, men are in the ________.
A．majority　　　　　　 　B．activity
C．possibility D．minority
解析：选A　由句意可知，不到20%为女性，也就是说大部分为男性。 in the majority“占多数；过半数”，与句意相符。
2．Digital teaching, as you know, since introduced, has ________ our way of learning, enabling us to focus more in class.
A．trade B．transformed
C．translated D．transported
解析：选B　句意：正如你所知道的，数字化教学自从引入以来就改变了我们的学习方式，使得我们在课堂上更聚精会神。trade“交易”；transform“改变”；translate“翻译”；transport“运输”。
3．As is often the case, some mothers are timid in their everyday life, but will fight like a tiger ________ their children.
A．in favour of B．in defence of
C．in charge of D．in support of
解析：选B　句意：一些母亲在她们的日常生活中很胆小，但在保护她们的孩子时她们会像老虎一样搏斗，这是常有的事。in favour of“赞同，喜欢”；in defence of“保护”；in charge of“负责”；in support of“支持，赞同”。
4．(2019·无锡调研)Despite the fact that all three teams ________ different approaches to the problem, they were all immediate successes.
A．acquired B．adapted
C．achieved D．adopted
解析：选D　句意：事实上，尽管三个队采用了不同的方法来解决这个问题，但他们随即都取得了成功。adopt“采纳；采用”，符合句意。acquire“获得”；adapt“适应；改编”；achieve“取得”。
5．When we watch a magic show, we often stare at the magic man ________， as though he were a vision.
A．in conclusion B．in vain
C．in consequence D．in wonder
解析：选D　句意：我们在看魔术表演的时候，常常惊讶地盯着魔术师看，宛如欣赏一道美景。in conclusion“总之”；in vain“徒劳地”；in consequence“结果”；in wonder“惊讶地”。根据句意可知选D。
6．—He looks so ________ and the kids are really scared.
—He often uses that ________ look to frighten them.
A．frightened; frightened
B．frightened; frightening
C．frightening; frightened
D．frightening; frightening
解析：选D　句意：“他看上去真令人恐惧，孩子们真的害怕。”“他经常用那吓人的表情吓唬他们。”frightening“令人恐惧的”；frightened“感到害怕的”。
7．—Was the suspect pronounced guilty?
—Yes, the new evidence ________ the first witness' story.
A．confirmed B．claimed
C．declared D．observed
解析：选A　句意：“那个犯罪嫌疑人被定罪了吗？”“是的，新的证据证明了第一个目击证人的话。”confirm“证明，证实”；claim“声称，认领”；declare“宣布，声称”；observe“观察，注意到”。故选A。
8．Over years, scientists have made a great ________ in the treatment of cancer.
A．profit B．breakthrough
C．fortune D．progress
解析：选B　句意：在过去的几年里，科学家在癌症的治疗上已经取得了重大突破。profit“利润，利益”；breakthrough“突破”；fortune“财富”；progress“进步，进展”，是不可数名词。
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1．所有出席会议的人都赞成该计划。(in favour of)
All_the_people_present_at_the_meeting_are_in_favour_of_the_plan.
2．他们恐吓那个小男孩以使他说出秘密。(frighten sb. into )
They_frightened_the_little_boy_into_telling_them_the_secret.
3．我遗憾地告诉你，由于你的工作很糟，我不得不解雇你。(in consequence of, dismiss)
I_regret_to_tell_you_in_consequence_of_your_bad_work,_I_am_forced_to_dismiss_you.
4．我们每个人都要有梦想，并且要对梦想采取积极乐观的态度。(adopt a positive attitude)
Every_one_of_us_should_have_a_dream_and_adopt_a_positive_attitude_to_our_dreams.
5．他写了这封信，打算征求一些意见。(with the intention of)
He_wrote_the_letter_with_the_intention_of_asking_for_some_advice.
Ⅳ.课文段落大意概括
阅读本单元Task部分，试着以约30个词概括第一篇文章“The taste of things to come”(P57)的文章大意。
Cloning technology can help raise the quality and quantity of food supply and give us more and better meat. Compared to ordinary animals, the meat from cloned animals is tastier and offers better nutrition.