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2020版一轮复习英语译林江苏专版学案：必修3Unit1Theworldofoursenses
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Unit 1 The world of our senses
一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇
Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)
[第一屏听写]
1．raised adj. 凸起的
2．mist n. 薄雾；水汽
3．nowhere adv. 无处，到处都不
4．beard n. 胡须，络腮胡子
5．pavement n. (马路边的)人行道
6．sniff vi.&vt. (吸着气)嗅，闻
7．analyse vt. 分析
8．pole n. 地极；柱子，棍，杖
[第二屏听写]
9．triangle n. 三角形
10．tap n. & vt. & vi. 轻拍，轻敲
11．shark n. 鲨鱼
12．jaw n. 颌
13．compass n. 罗盘；指南针
14．*sign n. 符号，标志；迹象
15．*bull n. 公牛
16．*pigeon n. 鸽子
Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)
[第三屏听写]
1．hearing n． 听力，听觉
2．dot n. 点，小圆点
3．confuse vt. 使糊涂，使迷惑
4．vase n. 花瓶
5．fog n. 雾
6．forecast vt. & n. 预测，预报
7．conductor n. (公交车)售票员；(乐队)指挥
8．fare n. 车费
[第四屏听写]
9．foggy adj. 有雾的，雾茫茫的
10．observe vt. 观察；注意到；评论
11．overcoat n. 长大衣
12．glance vi. & n. 瞥一眼，匆匆看
13．footstep n. 脚步(声)
14．wherever adv. & conj. 无论哪里
15．narrow adj. 狭窄的
16．approach vi. & vt. 靠近；着手处理
n. 靠近；方法；路径
[第五屏听写]
17．darkness n． 黑暗
18．hesitate vi. 犹豫，迟疑不决
19．grasp vt. 抓紧，抓牢
20．stare vi. 凝视，盯着看
21．crossroads n. 十字路口
22．anxious adj. 焦虑的，忧虑的
23．firmly adv. 牢牢地，坚定地
24．grateful adj. 感激的，表示感谢的
[第六屏听写]
25．helper n． 帮助者
26．aid n. & vt. 帮助
27．relief n. 轻松，宽慰
28．lorry n. 卡车
29．reduce vt. & vi. 减少
30．volunteer n. 志愿者
vi. & vt. 自愿做，义务做
31．recognize vt. 认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认
32．puzzle n. 谜，疑问
vt. 迷惑，使困惑
[第七屏听写]
33．ignore vt. 忽视；对……不予理会
34．boot n. 靴子
35．sweat vi. 流汗
n. 汗水
36．distance n. 距离；远处
37．thunder n. 雷，雷声
38．lightning n. 闪电
39．wave n. 波浪
vi. & vt. 挥手；摆手
40．overhead adv. 在头上方
[第八屏听写]
41．suit n． 套装
vt. 适合，满足需要
42．attach vt. 使连在一起，把……附在……上；认为……重要
43．disability n. 缺陷；伤残
44．hopeful adj. 抱有希望的
45．whisper vi. & vt. 小声说；私下说
46．bite vi. & vt. 咬
47．contrary adj. 相反的
n. 相反的事实或情况
48．flesh n. (动物或人的)肉
[第九屏听写]
49．jewellery n． 珠宝
50．attract vt. 吸引
51．calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的，平静的
vt. & vi. 使平静，镇静
52．panic vi. & n. 惊慌，恐慌
53．fist n. 拳头
54．likely adj. 可能的
55．soldier n. 士兵
56．roll vi. & vt. 卷起来；(使)滚动
[第十屏听写]
57．loose adj. 松动的，松开的；宽松的
vt. 松开，释放
58．employ vt. 使用；雇佣
59._unlike prep. 不像；与……不同
60．in_sight 看得到，在视力范围内
61．wish_for 盼望，企盼
62．reach_out 伸出(手)
63．watch_out_for 留心，密切注意
64．roll_up 卷起来
二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾
(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高
识记单词写对
Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)
1.raised adj. 凸起的
2.mist n. 薄雾；水汽
3.nowhere adv. 无处，到处都不
4.pavement n. (马路边的)人行道
5.analyse vt. 分析
6.tap n. & vt. & vi. 轻拍，轻敲
7.compass n. 罗盘；指南针
Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)
1.likely adj. 可能的
2.volunteer n. 志愿者
vi. & vt. 自愿做，义务做
3.narrow adj. 狭窄的
4.grasp vt. 抓紧，抓牢
5.stare vi. 凝视，盯着看
6.aid n．& vt. 帮助
7.overhead adv. 在头上方
8.roll vi. & vt. 卷起来；(使)滚动
9.loose adj. 松动的；宽松的
vt. 松开，释放
10.unlike prep. 不像；与……不同
11.calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的
vt. & vi. 使平静，镇静
12.whisper vi. & vt.小声说；私下说
核心单词练通
1.Her mother hugged her tightly and spoke with relief (轻松), “Let's go home.”
2.He heard someone following him, and glanced (瞥一眼) round.He caught sight of a dark figure in the shadows.
3.When approaching (靠近) the finish line, I found that one of my competitors fell down and got injured.
4.During that period, rainfall reduced (减少) by as much as 80%, killing almost all the plants.
5.Operate the electrical appliance following the instructions attached (把……附在……上) in the box, or you'll be at risk.
6.Wherever (无论哪里) someone finished a journey, they would leave the mobike there for someone else to use.
7.You can't imagine how excited I was when I saw the ancient tower in the distance (远处)．
8.When you meet with some dangerous situations, don't panic (惊慌) or get out of line, but try to remain quiet and calm.
9.1234 PENS now offers ecofriendly advertising pens to suit (满足需要) any company's promotional needs.
10.I am at a loss because what he has told me is the contrary (相反) of what you have told me.
拓展单词用活
[记全记牢]
1.observe vt.观察；注意到；评论→observation n．观察→observer n．观察者
2.confuse vt.使糊涂，使迷惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的
3.hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑不决→hesitation n．犹豫，踌躇
4.anxious adj.焦虑的，忧虑的→anxiety n．焦虑；渴望→anxiously adv.焦虑地
5.grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的→gratitude n．感激，感谢
6.recognize vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认→recognition n．识别；确认，认可；赏识
7.puzzle vt.迷惑，使困惑n.谜，疑问→_puzzled adj.困惑的→puzzling adj.令人费解的
8.ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会→ignorant adj.无知的，愚昧的→ignorance n．愚昧，无知
9.disability n．缺陷；伤残→disabled adj.残废的，有缺陷的→disable v．使(某人)失去能力，使残疾
10.hopeful adj.抱有希望的→hopefully adv. 满怀希望地→hope n. & vt.希望→hopeless adj.没有希望的
11.attract vt.吸引→attractive adj.有吸引力的，诱人的→attraction n．吸引，有吸引力的人或事
12.employ vt.使用；雇佣→employer n．雇佣者，雇主→employee n．受雇者，雇员，雇工→employment n．职业；雇佣，使用
[用准用活]
1.Hangzhou is considered to be one of the most attractive places in China and the West Lake is one of its top attractions.(attract)
2.Encouraged by his teacher, the hopeless child is very hopeful about his future. Full of hope and confidence, he'll succeed in time.(hope)
3.The young inventor was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)
4.The observer has been observing the situation of that region for a long time, so his observation is believable.(observe)
5.When in trouble, don't hesitate to ask for help and solve the problem without hesitation.(hesitate)
6.The employer decided to employ Tom as her secretary and she hoped to have a talk with her employee before he came to work.(employ)
7.He had changed so much that you couldn't recognize him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond recognition.(recognize)
8.Owing to ignorance of traffic laws, some drivers usually ignore the speed limit.(ignore)
9.I can hardly express how grateful I feel, so I will give him a present as an expression of gratitude.(grateful)
⇩
1.“看”遍天下
①observe 观察
②glance (at) 匆匆看一眼
③watch 观看，关注
④notice 注意到，留心
⑤stare (at) 凝视，盯着看
⑥glare (at) 怒视
⑦peer 窥视，凝视
⑧witness 目击，目睹
2．“方法”多样
①approach ②means
③method ④way
⑤manner ⑥mode
3.“抓住，捕捉”集合
①grasp ②seize
③hold ④catch
⑤capture
4．“惊恐”万状
①fear 担心，害怕
②alarm 使惊恐，警告
③frighten 使害怕，吓唬
④horror 惊骇，恐怖
⑤terror 恐怖，惊骇
⑥shock 震惊，使吃惊
⑦panic 惊慌，恐慌
5.“er”与“ee”结尾意义不同
①
②
6．“说”法荟萃
①whisper 小声说；耳语
②murmur 低语；小声说
③chat 聊天
④speak 说；演讲；发言
⑤inform 通知；告诉
⑥announce 宣告；述说
⑦declare 宣布；声明
⑧claim 声称；要求
(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高
先 写 对
再 用 准
第一组
1.in_sight 看得到，在视力范围内
2.reach_out 伸出(手)
3.watch_out_for 留心，密切注意
4.attach_importance_to 认为……很重要
5.roll_up 卷起来
6.glance_at 瞥一眼，匆匆看
Mr. Zhang suffers hearing disabilities. On a foggy morning，he could see nothing ①in_sight,_and was knocked down by a running car. Fortunately, some passersby ②reached_out their hands to rush him to the hospital. Mr. Zhang was grateful and reminded that everyone should ③attach_importance_to safety and ④watch_out_for cars when getting across the road.
第二组
1.wish_for 盼望，企盼
2.pay_back 偿还；回报；报复
3.contrary_to 与……相反
4.work_out 制订出；算出
5.make_sense 有意义；讲得通
Mavens are people with a lot of knowledge or experts in a particular field.They ①wish_for passing on their knowledge to others without being ②paid_back. Mavens also collect and gather information to ③work_out new plans for social developing trends.
第三组
1.clear_up (天气)放晴；清理
2.in_the_distance 在远处
3.to_one's_surprise 使某人惊奇的是
4.come_across 偶然遇到
5.stare_at 盯着看，睁大眼
The Wild Goose Pagoda is the symbol of Xi'an. When the weather ①cleared_up,_we went for a drive there. ②To_our_surprise,_we saw a rainbow over the Wild Goose Pagoda ③in_the_distance. What a wonder! We all felt relaxed and happy.
⇩
1.“v.＋across”常用短语
①come across 偶然遇到
②get across 使明白
③cut across 走捷径
④run across 穿过；碰到
⑤go across 穿过，通过
2.wish短语小结
①wish for 盼望，企盼
②as you wish 随心所欲
③fulfill a wish 实现愿望
④get one's wish 如愿以偿
⑤make a wish 许愿，祈求
⑥go against one's wishes与某人的意愿相违
3.pay短语速记
①pay back 偿还，回报，报复
②pay off 付清；取得成功
③pay for 为……而付钱
④pay a visit to 参观，拜访
⑤pay attention to 注意
(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高
背 原 句
明 句 式
学 仿 写
1.Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.
波莉发现自己正盯着一张长着络腮胡子的老人的脸。
感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语。
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)我发现自己对打羽毛球很感兴趣，因为这不会花费我太多的力气和时间。
I find_myself_interested_in_playing_badminton, for it doesn't cost me too much strength and time.
2.Since it is believed that strong smells can affect the senses, volunteers were required not to eat or drink for eight hours before the experiment.
因为人们相信强烈的气味会影响感官，志愿者被要求实验前八小时不要吃喝。
“It is ＋ 过去分词(believed/thought/said/reported/...)＋that从句”意为“据坚信/认为/说/报道/……”。
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)据说剪纸早在我国汉代就被用来作为装饰品。
It_is_said_that papercutting was used as a decoration as early as the Han Dynasty in our country.
3.While having dinner, listen to some enjoyable music rather than watch television.
吃饭的时候，听一些好听的音乐而不要看电视。
rather than用于平行结构中，意为“……而不是……”。
(2017·浙江高考满分作文)当我们打算爬山时，一定要穿运动鞋而不要穿皮鞋。
As we intend to climb mountains, do be sure to wear gym shoes rather_than leather shoes.
4.Don't be frightened by sharks: you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.
不要惧怕鲨鱼，因为你被闪电击中的几率可能是被鲨鱼攻击的30倍。
倍数表达法：倍数＋形容词比较级＋than ...。
(2015·四川高考满分作文)只要你付出的时间和精力比以前多两倍，我相信你这次就能成功。
As long as you devote twice_more_time_and_energy_than you did before, I believe you will succeed this time.
考点新组合
阅读微技能
Molly was late for the school bus and was anxious to rush to get ready. Suddenly she found her dog — Tippy lying down before her. She didn't hesitate to step over him, ignoring his asking to be petted. Late that day, she was told Tippy was hit by a truck in panic, ❶dead. She cried and called his name again and again. ❷________
1.①处形容词dead用作状语，表示结果。
2.②处的句子应为__A__。
A.How she regretted not giving him petting in the morning！
B.She intended to buy a dog like him.
1．anxious adj.焦虑的，忧虑的；不安的
(1)be anxious for/about ... 为……担心/担忧
be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事
be anxious that ...(should) do sth. 希望……
(2)anxiety n. 忧虑；担心；渴望
with anxiety 焦虑地
(3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地
[多角练透]
单项填空
①—Why are you so hurried?
—My mother will get a bit ________ if I don't get back on time.
A．ashamed B．eager
C．anxious D．patient
解析：选C 句意：“为什么你那么匆忙？”“如果我不能按时回家我妈妈会担心。”anxious“担心的，忧虑的”，符合句意。ashamed“羞愧的”；eager“渴望的”；patient“有耐心的”。
完成句子
②Some think drinking is beneficial while others are_anxious_about/for_it (为此担忧)．
③Her family was poor, so the girl was_anxious_to_finish_school (急于完成学业) and get a job.
句式升级
④Because his parents are anxious about his safety, they send him to school in person.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
→Anxious_about_his_safety,_his_parents_send_him_to_school_in_person.
[真题印证]
⑤(2018·江苏高考)Despite the poor service of the hotel，the manager is ________ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.
A．keen B．reluctant
C．anxious D．ready
解析：选B 句意：虽然宾馆的服务很差，但经理仍然不愿意投资对员工进行充分的培训。reluctant意为“不情愿的”，符合语境。keen“渴望的，着迷的”；anxious“担心的，焦虑的”；ready“准备好的，愿意的”。
2．hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇
(1)hesitate to do sth. 迟疑做某事； 不愿做某事
hesitate about/over ... 对……犹豫不决
(2)hesitation n. 犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不犹豫地做某事
[多角练透]
单项填空
①We are at your service.Don't ________ to turn to us if you have any further problems.
A．beg B．hesitate
C．desire D．seek
解析：选B 句意：我们随时为您服务，如果您还有问题的话，不要犹豫向我们求助。beg“请求，乞求”；hesitate“犹豫”；desire“渴望”；seek“追求”。根据句意可知选B。
用所给词的适当形式填空
②In the event of difficulties, please do not hesitate to_contact (contact) our Customer Service Department.
③When the girl entered the room, the boy followed without hesitation (hesitate)．
完成句子
④She had_no_hesitation_in accepting my offer.
她毫不犹豫地接受了我的提议。
⑤Don't hesitate_about your decision once you think it over.
只要你考虑清楚了，就不要犹豫你的决定。
单句写作
⑥(2015·天津高考书面表达)如果还有什么我能为你做的，请不要犹豫，直接告诉我。
If_there_is_something_else_I_can_do_for_you,_please_don't_hesitate_to_tell_me.
3．ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会
(1)ignorant adj. (对某事)不了解的；无知的
be ignorant of/about ... 对……不知道/不了解
(2)ignorance n. 无知
out of ignorance 由于无知
be in ignorance of ... 不知道……
[多角练透]
用所给词的适当形式填空
①Don't make improper comments out of ignorance (ignore) before you know the whole story.
②People don't like to ask questions for fear of appearing ignorant (ignore)．
完成句子
③I made a suggestion, but she_ignored_it.
我提了个建议，可是她不理睬。
④He confessed himself that he_was_ignorant_of/about_their_family_income.
他承认自己对于他们的家庭收入一无所知。
4．panic vi.& n．惊慌，恐慌
(1)in (a) panic 惊慌失措地
get into a panic 陷入惊慌状态
(2)panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人(因惊慌)仓促做某事
[题点全练] 完成句子
①Office workers fled in_panic as the building caught fire.
大楼着火时，办公室人员惊慌逃出。
②When she found her son was out of sight, the lady got_into_a_panic.
那位女士发现儿子不见时十分惊慌。
③Rumours panicked_many_citizens_into flooding into supermarkets to buy salt.
谣言令许多市民涌入超市买盐。
[名师指津] panic的过去式和过去分词是panicked, panicked。
5．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[教材原句] Polly found_herself_staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.
波莉发现自己正盯着一张长着络腮胡子的老人的脸。
(1)find后接复合宾语时常用以下形式：
find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
(2)如果find的宾语是动词不定式或从句，而其后有宾语补足语时，习惯上用形式宾语it来代替，并把真正的宾语放在后面。
①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)It must be true that sooner or later, everyone_finds_his_or_her_way_back_to_nature.
这是真的，迟早每个人都会找到自己的路回到大自然。
②When he came to himself, he found_himself_surrounded by a group of boys.
当他醒来时，他发现自己被一群男孩子包围着。
③Dick found_himself_walking in the direction of Mike's home.
迪克发现自己正朝迈克家的方向走去。
④She woke up and found_herself_in_a_hospital_bed.
她醒来发现自己躺在医院的床上。
⑤(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Lots of people find_it_hard_to_get_up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.
许多人发现早上起床困难，并且把责任推到闹钟上。
[名师指津] find后的宾语补足语一般不用不定式，但可用to be，且常省略，构成find sb./sth.(＋to be)＋形容词/介词短语/名词短语“发现某人/物是……(状态/性质等)”。
考点新组合
阅读微技能
Steven, my cousin, attaches significance to collecting stamps. He has owned twice more than I. ❶At one time, I showed him an American stamp. ❷Glancing at it, he took it for himself. A few of his stamps are recognized as the rarest ones and he is likely to be rich. Many people are turning to him for the approaches to collecting.
1.①处短语at one time 意为曾经，一度，从前。而at a time则意为每次。
2.②处是简单句，glancing at it为现在分词短语作状语。本句可转换为On_glancing_at it, he took it for himself.或As_soon_as he glanced at it, he took it for himself.
6．attach vt.使连在一起，把……附在……上；认为……重要
[练牢基点] 写出下列句中attach的含义
①With the skin gone, to what can the hair attach itself? 把……附在……上
②The high school is attached to that university. 附属于
③We must attach importance to the education of the children.认为……重要
[系统考点]
(1)attach ... to ... 将……附在……
attach importance/significance/value to ...
认为……有重要性/意义/价值(to为介词)
(2)attached adj. 依恋的；附属的；喜欢的
be attached to 喜欢；依附于；隶属于
[练通重点]
单项填空
④Both students and parents appreciate the great importance school have ________ to eyesight protection.
A．reacted B．attended
C．attached D．adapted
解析：选C 句意：学校对眼睛保护非常重视，对此学生和家长都非常赞赏。考查固定搭配attach importance to“重视”本句中，主句为Both students and parents appreciate the great importance; school have ________ to eyesight protection为定语从句，先行词是importance。
完成句子
⑤It is said that the hospital is_attached_to (附属于) that university.
⑥He attached_great_importance_to (非常重视) what his parents said.
⑦The old man is_very_attached_to (非常依恋) old customs and habits.
7．glance vi.& n．瞥一眼，匆匆看；扫视
(1)glance at sth./sb. 匆匆看一下某物/人
glance over/through sth. 粗略地/随便地看一看某物；
浏览某物
(2)at first glance 乍一看；乍看之下
take/give a glance at 匆匆看一眼
[题点全练] 完成句子
①As he took bus to home, he glanced_at_the_poster near his seat in the bus.
当他乘车回家时，他瞥了一眼他座位旁边的公交车海报。
②He glanced_over/took_a_glance_at the letter and then put it into his drawer.
他匆匆看了一下信，然后把它放进了抽屉里。
③At_first_glance the problem seemed easy.
乍一看，这个问题好像很容易。
8．recognize vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认
(1)recognize sb./sth.by/from ... 根据……认出某人/物
be recognized to be/as ... 被认为是……，被认作……
It is generally recognized that ... 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认识；认出
out of/beyond recognition 认不出来
[多角练透]
单项填空
①I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond ________.
A．hearing B．strength
C．recognition D．measure
解析：选C 句意：自从Sara长大后，我就一直没见过她，我简直认不出她来了。beyond recognition“辨认不出来”，符合题意。
介词填空
②My hometown has changed beyond recognition since I left here last time.
③Although he hadn't seen his friend Jack for years, he recognized him by/from his voice.
④ (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Since 1958, they have been recognized as the national theatre of Israel.
句型转换
⑤Traffic jam is recognized to have become one serious problem to citizens.
→It is recognized that traffic jam has become one serious problem to citizens.
单句写作
⑥(2018·江苏高考书面表达)人们认识到，大多数消费者可以根据消费排名找到一个满意的产品。
It_is_recognized_that_most_consumers_can_find_a_satisfactory_product_according_to_the_ratings.
9．approach vt.靠近，接近；着手处理n.接近；靠近；途径；方法
[练牢基点] 写出下列句中approach的含义
①Such people as are friendly are easy to approach. 接近
②We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.方法
③He thought of several ways of approaching this problem.着手处理
[系统考点]
(1)(an) approach to (doing) ... (做/解决)……的方法；到……的通路或途径
(2)approach sb. about (doing) sth. 与某人接洽(做)某事
[练通重点]
用所给词的适当形式填空
④At the meeting they discussed three different approaches (approach) to the study of mathematics.
⑤We need to try other approaches to solving (solve) the problem.
句型转换
⑥As the time for graduation is approaching, we are busy with our papers.
→With the time for graduation approaching,_we are busy with our papers.
单句写作
⑦(2017·天津高考书面表达)随着第十三届全运会的临近，我们志愿者正在加快准备工作。
With_the_13th_National_Games_approaching,_we_volunteers_are_speeding_up_preparations.
10．倍数＋比较级＋than ...
[教材原句] Don't be frightened by sharks: you are 30_times_more_likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.
不要惧怕鲨鱼，因为你被闪电击中的几率可能是被鲨鱼攻击的30倍。
倍数表达法的常见结构：
... times＋
①The red ruler is three_times_as_long_as the yellow one.
＝The red ruler is three_times_longer_than the yellow one.
＝The red ruler is three_times_the_length_of the yellow one.
这把红尺子是那把黄尺子的三倍长。
②The population now in this village is five_times_what_it_was ten years ago.
现在这个村庄的人口是十年前的五倍。
③Our grain output will be 10_times_that_of 1960.
我们的粮食产量将是1960年的10倍。
考点新组合
阅读微技能
My grandmother usually put her glasses in sight because of poor sight. Once she reached out for them, ❶only to fall off the bed. Luckily, there was nothing serious. ❷We all felt a sense of relief. Also, she observed traditional lifestyle, unwilling to move to the city with us. We had to employ a nurse to look after her and told her to watch out for the traffic.
1.①处“only to do”为动词不定式用作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果。
2.②处句子可翻译为：我们都如释重负地松了一口气。
11．relief n．轻松，宽慰；(痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻；救济
(1)in/with relief 如释重负；松了口气
to one's relief 令人感到欣慰的是
It's a relief to do sth. 做某事是令人欣慰的
What a relief! 可轻松了！
(2)relieve vt. 使轻松，宽慰；缓解
relieve sb. of ... 解除某人……方面的负担
[多角练透]
单项填空
①(2019·南通调研)Much to our ________， the outcome of the general election is far better than we have expected before.
A．regret B．relief
C．surprise D．disappointment
解析：选B 句意：大选结果远比之前我们预料的要好，这使我们很宽慰。 to one's relief“使某人宽慰的是”，符合句意。 to one's regret“令某人遗憾的是”；to one's surprise“令某人惊讶的是”；to one's disappointment“令某人失望的是”。
完成句子
②It is a_great_relief to have rain after a long time of drought.
长期的干旱之后下雨是一大慰藉。
③I was in/with_relief when the exam was over.
考试结束时，我松了一口气。
④To_our_great_relief,_the accident caused little damage.
使我们大感宽慰的是，事故造成的损失很小。
⑤The medicine greatly relieved_him_of his headache.
这种药极大地减轻了他的头痛。
12．observe vt.观察；注意到；评论；遵守；庆祝
[练牢基点] 写出下列句中observe的含义
①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe traditional customs. 遵守
②People of many Western countries observe Christmas.庆祝
③The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behavior of the chimps.观察
④(2017·江苏高考)This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer, a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia, and her colleagues. 注意到
⑤Did your friends observe on your unusual dress？评论
[系统考点]
(1)observe Christmas/New Year's Day/festivals
庆祝圣诞/元旦/节日
observe
(2)observation n. 观察；注意；监视
observer n. 遵守者，观察者；观察员
[练通重点]
单项填空
⑥The parking rules in public places should be ________ strictly, otherwise you will get a ticket.
A．realized B．recognized
C．consulted D．observed
解析：选D 句意：应该严格遵守公共场所的停车规定，否则你会拿到一张罚单。 observe“遵守”，符合句意。
用所给词的适当形式填空
⑦My uncle acted as an observer (observe) at the UNESCO International Youth Forum.
⑧In hospital she'll be under observation (observe) all the time.
句型转换
⑨She observed a man walking on the opposite of the way.
→She observed that a man was walking on the opposite of the way.
⑩The police observed the man enter the bank.
→The man was observed to enter the bank by the police.
单句写作
⑪(2016·江苏高考书面表达)如果我们能制定一些让人们遵守的参与规则，情况就会变得更好。
Things_will_turn_for_the_better_if_we_can_work_out_some_participation_rules_for_people_to_observe.
[名师指津] observe用于被动语态时，作主语补足语的不定式须带to。
⑫Tom was observed to enter the bank and withdraw some money.
有人注意到汤姆进了银行，取了一些钱。
13．in sight看得见，在视力范围之内
[归纳拓展]
❶out of sight 看不见
❷at first sight 初看时，乍一看
❸at the sight of ... 一看见……
❹catch sight of 看见
❺lose sight of 看不见
❻come into sight 进入视野
[应用领悟]
①At the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her daughter till the train was out of sight.
在火车站，母亲挥手向女儿告别，直到火车消失在视野里。
②I caught sight of my former teacher just now, but he turned at a corner and I lost sight of him.
刚才我看见了我以前的老师，但是他在拐角处转弯了，我就看不见他了。
14．reach out 伸出(手)，伸手拿
(1)reach for 伸手去拿/去够
(2)within one's reach 够得到/在某人能力范围之内
beyond one's reach＝out of one's reach 够不到/力所不及
[多角练透]
介、副词填空
①He reached out his hands and gave his wife a big hug and said “I love you”．
②My daughter is not tall enough to reach for the dishes.
③This new model of car is so expensive that it is beyond the reach of those with common income.
④You should leave your keys within your reach.
单句写作
⑤(2014·江西高考书面表达)我们树立的目标应该在自己的能力范围之内。
The_goal_that_we_set_should_be_within_our_reach.
15．watch out for 留心，密切注意
(1)watch out 小心；提防
watch for 守候，等待
watch over 看守；监视；照管
(2)on watch 值班，看守
keep (a) close watch on 密切注视，严密监视
[题点全练] 选用上述短语填空
①Watch_out! There's a car driving fast toward here.
②Be careful！Watch_out_for cyclists and other runners.
③It is said that each country would have its own experts to watch_over the changes.
④The man on_watch didn't notice the danger.
⑤Jim is anxiously watching_for the result of the football match.
⑥The government is keeping_a_close_watch_on how the situation develops.
[联想发散] 表示“当心，留神”的短语还有：look out for, take care等。
[单元语基落实]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Hesitating (犹豫) for a minute, the girl stood up and offered her seat to the old man.
2．The favorite thing I'd like to do when sitting on the bus was to observe (观察) people through the window.
3．In my opinion, you should grasp (抓住) the opportunity to work abroad.
4．The girl lost in the forest finally escaped from the woods and she breathed a sigh of relief (轻松)．
5．The president rolled his eyes and glanced (瞥一眼) at the couple and then exclaimed，“Go away！”.
6．The builders adopted a wise alternative approach (方法) to carry the heavy stone.
7．My uncle has earned lots of money, so I firmly (坚定地) believe that his business is a success.
8．I work with volunteers (志愿者) for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.
9．Attached (使连在一起) to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during his stay here.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ________ for words.
A．lose B．lost
C．to lose D．having lost
解析：选B 句意：即使是最好的作家有时候也会发现自己找不到合适的话来表达自己。find是表示心理变化的动词，其后的themselves是宾语，空格处应作为宾语补足语使用，所以要使用lost，表示“迷惘的，不知所措的”。
2．Professor Li has ________ the behavior of bees for many years, and they have been observed ________ to communicate information.
A．noticed; dance B．observed; to dance
C．seen; dancing D．watched; dance
解析：选B 句意：李教授观察蜜蜂的行为已经很多年了，他发现它们通过跳舞来交流信息。第一空用observed表示“观察”；第二空用to dance，不定式短语作主补，表示一般情况。故选B项。
3．“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire！” the mother shouted, with ________ clearly in her voice.
A．anger B．rudeness
C．regret D．panic
解析：选D 句意：“Tommy，快跑！快点！房子着火了！”母亲大声喊着，声音中明显透着恐慌。anger“生气”；rudeness“粗鲁”；regret“后悔”；panic“恐慌”。根据句意可知应选D项。
4．You must always ________ the traffic whenever you are in a crowded city.
A．look out B．watch out for
C．glance at D．stare up
解析：选B 句意：在拥挤的城市里，你必须时刻注意交通。watch out for“小心，注意”，符合语境。look out“小心，当心”，后面不能跟宾语； glance at“匆匆看”； stare up“向上凝视”。
5．(2014·北京高考)The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ________.
A．recognizing B．being recognized
C．having recognized D．having been recognized
解析：选B 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个电影明星戴着墨镜。这样他就可以购物而不被认出。without是介词，后需用动词ing形式；recognize和the film star之间为动宾关系，应用被动式，同时与go shopping这一动作同时发生，故用一般式，答案为B。
6．(2019·镇江模拟)When you cast a ________ for others, you help them see their potential and their possibilities.
A．glance B．doubt
C．shadow D．vision
解析：选D 句意：当你描述了对别人的设想时，你会帮助他们看到自己的潜能和可能性。glance“一瞥，很快的一看”；doubt“怀疑”；shadow“影子”；vision“视野；构想，设想”。根据句意可知选D。
7．The plastic bags produced every year in our country are ________ the world's production of vehicles, ________ is harmful to the environment.
A．three times the weight of; which
B．three times weight of; which
C．as three times heavy as; which
D．three times as heavy as; that
解析：选A 考查倍数表达法和非限制性定语从句。第一空选A、D都对；第二空考查非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，故只能用which。所以A正确。
8．(2019·常州模拟)________ what many people think, HIV cannot be spread through mosquitoes, a cough or sneeze, or by merely touching someone with AIDS.
A．Based on B．Contrary to
C．Apart from D．Regardless of
解析：选B 句意：与许多人的看法相反，HIV无法通过蚊子、咳嗽、喷嚏，或通过仅仅触碰某个艾滋病患者传播。be based on“基于，以……为根据，在……基础上”；contrary to“与……相反”；apart from“除……之外”；regardless of“不顾，不管”。根据句意可知选B。
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．To_our_great_relief,_with the help of her teacher，she was able to put her heart into her study.
令我们十分宽慰的是，在老师的帮助下，她能够专心学习了。
2．Wherever_she_goes,_there are crowds of people wishing_for_seeing_her.
无论她走到哪里，都有成群的人希望见到她。
3．The number of people in that area is_twice_as_many_as_that in ours.
那个地区的人口是我们这个地区(人口)的两倍。
4．In her dream, she found_herself_standing_in front of a deserted temple, covered in darkness.
在她的梦中，她发觉自己站在一座荒芜的破庙前，笼罩在黑暗之中。
5．It is the thought that counts rather_than_how_much_it_costs.
重要的是心意而不是花多少钱。
Ⅳ.课文段落大意概括
阅读本单元Project部分，试着以约30个词概括第二篇课文“The wonderful world of pigeons”第五段(P19，L11－19)的段落大意。
Pigeons have a strong sense of direction and they can fly long distances without losing their way. Because of this, since ancient times, they have been used as special messengers, especially in war.
一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇
Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)
[第一屏听写]
1．raised adj. 凸起的
2．mist n. 薄雾；水汽
3．nowhere adv. 无处，到处都不
4．beard n. 胡须，络腮胡子
5．pavement n. (马路边的)人行道
6．sniff vi.&vt. (吸着气)嗅，闻
7．analyse vt. 分析
8．pole n. 地极；柱子，棍，杖
[第二屏听写]
9．triangle n. 三角形
10．tap n. & vt. & vi. 轻拍，轻敲
11．shark n. 鲨鱼
12．jaw n. 颌
13．compass n. 罗盘；指南针
14．*sign n. 符号，标志；迹象
15．*bull n. 公牛
16．*pigeon n. 鸽子
Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)
[第三屏听写]
1．hearing n． 听力，听觉
2．dot n. 点，小圆点
3．confuse vt. 使糊涂，使迷惑
4．vase n. 花瓶
5．fog n. 雾
6．forecast vt. & n. 预测，预报
7．conductor n. (公交车)售票员；(乐队)指挥
8．fare n. 车费
[第四屏听写]
9．foggy adj. 有雾的，雾茫茫的
10．observe vt. 观察；注意到；评论
11．overcoat n. 长大衣
12．glance vi. & n. 瞥一眼，匆匆看
13．footstep n. 脚步(声)
14．wherever adv. & conj. 无论哪里
15．narrow adj. 狭窄的
16．approach vi. & vt. 靠近；着手处理
n. 靠近；方法；路径
[第五屏听写]
17．darkness n． 黑暗
18．hesitate vi. 犹豫，迟疑不决
19．grasp vt. 抓紧，抓牢
20．stare vi. 凝视，盯着看
21．crossroads n. 十字路口
22．anxious adj. 焦虑的，忧虑的
23．firmly adv. 牢牢地，坚定地
24．grateful adj. 感激的，表示感谢的
[第六屏听写]
25．helper n． 帮助者
26．aid n. & vt. 帮助
27．relief n. 轻松，宽慰
28．lorry n. 卡车
29．reduce vt. & vi. 减少
30．volunteer n. 志愿者
vi. & vt. 自愿做，义务做
31．recognize vt. 认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认
32．puzzle n. 谜，疑问
vt. 迷惑，使困惑
[第七屏听写]
33．ignore vt. 忽视；对……不予理会
34．boot n. 靴子
35．sweat vi. 流汗
n. 汗水
36．distance n. 距离；远处
37．thunder n. 雷，雷声
38．lightning n. 闪电
39．wave n. 波浪
vi. & vt. 挥手；摆手
40．overhead adv. 在头上方
[第八屏听写]
41．suit n． 套装
vt. 适合，满足需要
42．attach vt. 使连在一起，把……附在……上；认为……重要
43．disability n. 缺陷；伤残
44．hopeful adj. 抱有希望的
45．whisper vi. & vt. 小声说；私下说
46．bite vi. & vt. 咬
47．contrary adj. 相反的
n. 相反的事实或情况
48．flesh n. (动物或人的)肉
[第九屏听写]
49．jewellery n． 珠宝
50．attract vt. 吸引
51．calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的，平静的
vt. & vi. 使平静，镇静
52．panic vi. & n. 惊慌，恐慌
53．fist n. 拳头
54．likely adj. 可能的
55．soldier n. 士兵
56．roll vi. & vt. 卷起来；(使)滚动
[第十屏听写]
57．loose adj. 松动的，松开的；宽松的
vt. 松开，释放
58．employ vt. 使用；雇佣
59._unlike prep. 不像；与……不同
60．in_sight 看得到，在视力范围内
61．wish_for 盼望，企盼
62．reach_out 伸出(手)
63．watch_out_for 留心，密切注意
64．roll_up 卷起来
二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾
(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高
识记单词写对
Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)
1.raised adj. 凸起的
2.mist n. 薄雾；水汽
3.nowhere adv. 无处，到处都不
4.pavement n. (马路边的)人行道
5.analyse vt. 分析
6.tap n. & vt. & vi. 轻拍，轻敲
7.compass n. 罗盘；指南针
Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)
1.likely adj. 可能的
2.volunteer n. 志愿者
vi. & vt. 自愿做，义务做
3.narrow adj. 狭窄的
4.grasp vt. 抓紧，抓牢
5.stare vi. 凝视，盯着看
6.aid n．& vt. 帮助
7.overhead adv. 在头上方
8.roll vi. & vt. 卷起来；(使)滚动
9.loose adj. 松动的；宽松的
vt. 松开，释放
10.unlike prep. 不像；与……不同
11.calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的
vt. & vi. 使平静，镇静
12.whisper vi. & vt.小声说；私下说
核心单词练通
1.Her mother hugged her tightly and spoke with relief (轻松), “Let's go home.”
2.He heard someone following him, and glanced (瞥一眼) round.He caught sight of a dark figure in the shadows.
3.When approaching (靠近) the finish line, I found that one of my competitors fell down and got injured.
4.During that period, rainfall reduced (减少) by as much as 80%, killing almost all the plants.
5.Operate the electrical appliance following the instructions attached (把……附在……上) in the box, or you'll be at risk.
6.Wherever (无论哪里) someone finished a journey, they would leave the mobike there for someone else to use.
7.You can't imagine how excited I was when I saw the ancient tower in the distance (远处)．
8.When you meet with some dangerous situations, don't panic (惊慌) or get out of line, but try to remain quiet and calm.
9.1234 PENS now offers ecofriendly advertising pens to suit (满足需要) any company's promotional needs.
10.I am at a loss because what he has told me is the contrary (相反) of what you have told me.
拓展单词用活
[记全记牢]
1.observe vt.观察；注意到；评论→observation n．观察→observer n．观察者
2.confuse vt.使糊涂，使迷惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的
3.hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑不决→hesitation n．犹豫，踌躇
4.anxious adj.焦虑的，忧虑的→anxiety n．焦虑；渴望→anxiously adv.焦虑地
5.grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的→gratitude n．感激，感谢
6.recognize vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认→recognition n．识别；确认，认可；赏识
7.puzzle vt.迷惑，使困惑n.谜，疑问→_puzzled adj.困惑的→puzzling adj.令人费解的
8.ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会→ignorant adj.无知的，愚昧的→ignorance n．愚昧，无知
9.disability n．缺陷；伤残→disabled adj.残废的，有缺陷的→disable v．使(某人)失去能力，使残疾
10.hopeful adj.抱有希望的→hopefully adv. 满怀希望地→hope n. & vt.希望→hopeless adj.没有希望的
11.attract vt.吸引→attractive adj.有吸引力的，诱人的→attraction n．吸引，有吸引力的人或事
12.employ vt.使用；雇佣→employer n．雇佣者，雇主→employee n．受雇者，雇员，雇工→employment n．职业；雇佣，使用
[用准用活]
1.Hangzhou is considered to be one of the most attractive places in China and the West Lake is one of its top attractions.(attract)
2.Encouraged by his teacher, the hopeless child is very hopeful about his future. Full of hope and confidence, he'll succeed in time.(hope)
3.The young inventor was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)
4.The observer has been observing the situation of that region for a long time, so his observation is believable.(observe)
5.When in trouble, don't hesitate to ask for help and solve the problem without hesitation.(hesitate)
6.The employer decided to employ Tom as her secretary and she hoped to have a talk with her employee before he came to work.(employ)
7.He had changed so much that you couldn't recognize him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond recognition.(recognize)
8.Owing to ignorance of traffic laws, some drivers usually ignore the speed limit.(ignore)
9.I can hardly express how grateful I feel, so I will give him a present as an expression of gratitude.(grateful)
⇩
1.“看”遍天下
①observe 观察
②glance (at) 匆匆看一眼
③watch 观看，关注
④notice 注意到，留心
⑤stare (at) 凝视，盯着看
⑥glare (at) 怒视
⑦peer 窥视，凝视
⑧witness 目击，目睹
2．“方法”多样
①approach ②means
③method ④way
⑤manner ⑥mode
3.“抓住，捕捉”集合
①grasp ②seize
③hold ④catch
⑤capture
4．“惊恐”万状
①fear 担心，害怕
②alarm 使惊恐，警告
③frighten 使害怕，吓唬
④horror 惊骇，恐怖
⑤terror 恐怖，惊骇
⑥shock 震惊，使吃惊
⑦panic 惊慌，恐慌
5.“er”与“ee”结尾意义不同
①
②
6．“说”法荟萃
①whisper 小声说；耳语
②murmur 低语；小声说
③chat 聊天
④speak 说；演讲；发言
⑤inform 通知；告诉
⑥announce 宣告；述说
⑦declare 宣布；声明
⑧claim 声称；要求
(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高
先 写 对
再 用 准
第一组
1.in_sight 看得到，在视力范围内
2.reach_out 伸出(手)
3.watch_out_for 留心，密切注意
4.attach_importance_to 认为……很重要
5.roll_up 卷起来
6.glance_at 瞥一眼，匆匆看
Mr. Zhang suffers hearing disabilities. On a foggy morning，he could see nothing ①in_sight,_and was knocked down by a running car. Fortunately, some passersby ②reached_out their hands to rush him to the hospital. Mr. Zhang was grateful and reminded that everyone should ③attach_importance_to safety and ④watch_out_for cars when getting across the road.
第二组
1.wish_for 盼望，企盼
2.pay_back 偿还；回报；报复
3.contrary_to 与……相反
4.work_out 制订出；算出
5.make_sense 有意义；讲得通
Mavens are people with a lot of knowledge or experts in a particular field.They ①wish_for passing on their knowledge to others without being ②paid_back. Mavens also collect and gather information to ③work_out new plans for social developing trends.
第三组
1.clear_up (天气)放晴；清理
2.in_the_distance 在远处
3.to_one's_surprise 使某人惊奇的是
4.come_across 偶然遇到
5.stare_at 盯着看，睁大眼
The Wild Goose Pagoda is the symbol of Xi'an. When the weather ①cleared_up,_we went for a drive there. ②To_our_surprise,_we saw a rainbow over the Wild Goose Pagoda ③in_the_distance. What a wonder! We all felt relaxed and happy.
⇩
1.“v.＋across”常用短语
①come across 偶然遇到
②get across 使明白
③cut across 走捷径
④run across 穿过；碰到
⑤go across 穿过，通过
2.wish短语小结
①wish for 盼望，企盼
②as you wish 随心所欲
③fulfill a wish 实现愿望
④get one's wish 如愿以偿
⑤make a wish 许愿，祈求
⑥go against one's wishes与某人的意愿相违
3.pay短语速记
①pay back 偿还，回报，报复
②pay off 付清；取得成功
③pay for 为……而付钱
④pay a visit to 参观，拜访
⑤pay attention to 注意
(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高
背 原 句
明 句 式
学 仿 写
1.Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.
波莉发现自己正盯着一张长着络腮胡子的老人的脸。
感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语。
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)我发现自己对打羽毛球很感兴趣，因为这不会花费我太多的力气和时间。
I find_myself_interested_in_playing_badminton, for it doesn't cost me too much strength and time.
2.Since it is believed that strong smells can affect the senses, volunteers were required not to eat or drink for eight hours before the experiment.
因为人们相信强烈的气味会影响感官，志愿者被要求实验前八小时不要吃喝。
“It is ＋ 过去分词(believed/thought/said/reported/...)＋that从句”意为“据坚信/认为/说/报道/……”。
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)据说剪纸早在我国汉代就被用来作为装饰品。
It_is_said_that papercutting was used as a decoration as early as the Han Dynasty in our country.
3.While having dinner, listen to some enjoyable music rather than watch television.
吃饭的时候，听一些好听的音乐而不要看电视。
rather than用于平行结构中，意为“……而不是……”。
(2017·浙江高考满分作文)当我们打算爬山时，一定要穿运动鞋而不要穿皮鞋。
As we intend to climb mountains, do be sure to wear gym shoes rather_than leather shoes.
4.Don't be frightened by sharks: you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.
不要惧怕鲨鱼，因为你被闪电击中的几率可能是被鲨鱼攻击的30倍。
倍数表达法：倍数＋形容词比较级＋than ...。
(2015·四川高考满分作文)只要你付出的时间和精力比以前多两倍，我相信你这次就能成功。
As long as you devote twice_more_time_and_energy_than you did before, I believe you will succeed this time.
考点新组合
阅读微技能
Molly was late for the school bus and was anxious to rush to get ready. Suddenly she found her dog — Tippy lying down before her. She didn't hesitate to step over him, ignoring his asking to be petted. Late that day, she was told Tippy was hit by a truck in panic, ❶dead. She cried and called his name again and again. ❷________
1.①处形容词dead用作状语，表示结果。
2.②处的句子应为__A__。
A.How she regretted not giving him petting in the morning！
B.She intended to buy a dog like him.
1．anxious adj.焦虑的，忧虑的；不安的
(1)be anxious for/about ... 为……担心/担忧
be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事
be anxious that ...(should) do sth. 希望……
(2)anxiety n. 忧虑；担心；渴望
with anxiety 焦虑地
(3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地
[多角练透]
单项填空
①—Why are you so hurried?
—My mother will get a bit ________ if I don't get back on time.
A．ashamed B．eager
C．anxious D．patient
解析：选C 句意：“为什么你那么匆忙？”“如果我不能按时回家我妈妈会担心。”anxious“担心的，忧虑的”，符合句意。ashamed“羞愧的”；eager“渴望的”；patient“有耐心的”。
完成句子
②Some think drinking is beneficial while others are_anxious_about/for_it (为此担忧)．
③Her family was poor, so the girl was_anxious_to_finish_school (急于完成学业) and get a job.
句式升级
④Because his parents are anxious about his safety, they send him to school in person.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
→Anxious_about_his_safety,_his_parents_send_him_to_school_in_person.
[真题印证]
⑤(2018·江苏高考)Despite the poor service of the hotel，the manager is ________ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.
A．keen B．reluctant
C．anxious D．ready
解析：选B 句意：虽然宾馆的服务很差，但经理仍然不愿意投资对员工进行充分的培训。reluctant意为“不情愿的”，符合语境。keen“渴望的，着迷的”；anxious“担心的，焦虑的”；ready“准备好的，愿意的”。
2．hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇
(1)hesitate to do sth. 迟疑做某事； 不愿做某事
hesitate about/over ... 对……犹豫不决
(2)hesitation n. 犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不犹豫地做某事
[多角练透]
单项填空
①We are at your service.Don't ________ to turn to us if you have any further problems.
A．beg B．hesitate
C．desire D．seek
解析：选B 句意：我们随时为您服务，如果您还有问题的话，不要犹豫向我们求助。beg“请求，乞求”；hesitate“犹豫”；desire“渴望”；seek“追求”。根据句意可知选B。
用所给词的适当形式填空
②In the event of difficulties, please do not hesitate to_contact (contact) our Customer Service Department.
③When the girl entered the room, the boy followed without hesitation (hesitate)．
完成句子
④She had_no_hesitation_in accepting my offer.
她毫不犹豫地接受了我的提议。
⑤Don't hesitate_about your decision once you think it over.
只要你考虑清楚了，就不要犹豫你的决定。
单句写作
⑥(2015·天津高考书面表达)如果还有什么我能为你做的，请不要犹豫，直接告诉我。
If_there_is_something_else_I_can_do_for_you,_please_don't_hesitate_to_tell_me.
3．ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会
(1)ignorant adj. (对某事)不了解的；无知的
be ignorant of/about ... 对……不知道/不了解
(2)ignorance n. 无知
out of ignorance 由于无知
be in ignorance of ... 不知道……
[多角练透]
用所给词的适当形式填空
①Don't make improper comments out of ignorance (ignore) before you know the whole story.
②People don't like to ask questions for fear of appearing ignorant (ignore)．
完成句子
③I made a suggestion, but she_ignored_it.
我提了个建议，可是她不理睬。
④He confessed himself that he_was_ignorant_of/about_their_family_income.
他承认自己对于他们的家庭收入一无所知。
4．panic vi.& n．惊慌，恐慌
(1)in (a) panic 惊慌失措地
get into a panic 陷入惊慌状态
(2)panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人(因惊慌)仓促做某事
[题点全练] 完成句子
①Office workers fled in_panic as the building caught fire.
大楼着火时，办公室人员惊慌逃出。
②When she found her son was out of sight, the lady got_into_a_panic.
那位女士发现儿子不见时十分惊慌。
③Rumours panicked_many_citizens_into flooding into supermarkets to buy salt.
谣言令许多市民涌入超市买盐。
[名师指津] panic的过去式和过去分词是panicked, panicked。
5．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[教材原句] Polly found_herself_staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.
波莉发现自己正盯着一张长着络腮胡子的老人的脸。
(1)find后接复合宾语时常用以下形式：
find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
(2)如果find的宾语是动词不定式或从句，而其后有宾语补足语时，习惯上用形式宾语it来代替，并把真正的宾语放在后面。
①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)It must be true that sooner or later, everyone_finds_his_or_her_way_back_to_nature.
这是真的，迟早每个人都会找到自己的路回到大自然。
②When he came to himself, he found_himself_surrounded by a group of boys.
当他醒来时，他发现自己被一群男孩子包围着。
③Dick found_himself_walking in the direction of Mike's home.
迪克发现自己正朝迈克家的方向走去。
④She woke up and found_herself_in_a_hospital_bed.
她醒来发现自己躺在医院的床上。
⑤(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Lots of people find_it_hard_to_get_up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.
许多人发现早上起床困难，并且把责任推到闹钟上。
[名师指津] find后的宾语补足语一般不用不定式，但可用to be，且常省略，构成find sb./sth.(＋to be)＋形容词/介词短语/名词短语“发现某人/物是……(状态/性质等)”。
考点新组合
阅读微技能
Steven, my cousin, attaches significance to collecting stamps. He has owned twice more than I. ❶At one time, I showed him an American stamp. ❷Glancing at it, he took it for himself. A few of his stamps are recognized as the rarest ones and he is likely to be rich. Many people are turning to him for the approaches to collecting.
1.①处短语at one time 意为曾经，一度，从前。而at a time则意为每次。
2.②处是简单句，glancing at it为现在分词短语作状语。本句可转换为On_glancing_at it, he took it for himself.或As_soon_as he glanced at it, he took it for himself.
6．attach vt.使连在一起，把……附在……上；认为……重要
[练牢基点] 写出下列句中attach的含义
①With the skin gone, to what can the hair attach itself? 把……附在……上
②The high school is attached to that university. 附属于
③We must attach importance to the education of the children.认为……重要
[系统考点]
(1)attach ... to ... 将……附在……
attach importance/significance/value to ...
认为……有重要性/意义/价值(to为介词)
(2)attached adj. 依恋的；附属的；喜欢的
be attached to 喜欢；依附于；隶属于
[练通重点]
单项填空
④Both students and parents appreciate the great importance school have ________ to eyesight protection.
A．reacted B．attended
C．attached D．adapted
解析：选C 句意：学校对眼睛保护非常重视，对此学生和家长都非常赞赏。考查固定搭配attach importance to“重视”本句中，主句为Both students and parents appreciate the great importance; school have ________ to eyesight protection为定语从句，先行词是importance。
完成句子
⑤It is said that the hospital is_attached_to (附属于) that university.
⑥He attached_great_importance_to (非常重视) what his parents said.
⑦The old man is_very_attached_to (非常依恋) old customs and habits.
7．glance vi.& n．瞥一眼，匆匆看；扫视
(1)glance at sth./sb. 匆匆看一下某物/人
glance over/through sth. 粗略地/随便地看一看某物；
浏览某物
(2)at first glance 乍一看；乍看之下
take/give a glance at 匆匆看一眼
[题点全练] 完成句子
①As he took bus to home, he glanced_at_the_poster near his seat in the bus.
当他乘车回家时，他瞥了一眼他座位旁边的公交车海报。
②He glanced_over/took_a_glance_at the letter and then put it into his drawer.
他匆匆看了一下信，然后把它放进了抽屉里。
③At_first_glance the problem seemed easy.
乍一看，这个问题好像很容易。
8．recognize vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认
(1)recognize sb./sth.by/from ... 根据……认出某人/物
be recognized to be/as ... 被认为是……，被认作……
It is generally recognized that ... 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认识；认出
out of/beyond recognition 认不出来
[多角练透]
单项填空
①I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond ________.
A．hearing B．strength
C．recognition D．measure
解析：选C 句意：自从Sara长大后，我就一直没见过她，我简直认不出她来了。beyond recognition“辨认不出来”，符合题意。
介词填空
②My hometown has changed beyond recognition since I left here last time.
③Although he hadn't seen his friend Jack for years, he recognized him by/from his voice.
④ (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Since 1958, they have been recognized as the national theatre of Israel.
句型转换
⑤Traffic jam is recognized to have become one serious problem to citizens.
→It is recognized that traffic jam has become one serious problem to citizens.
单句写作
⑥(2018·江苏高考书面表达)人们认识到，大多数消费者可以根据消费排名找到一个满意的产品。
It_is_recognized_that_most_consumers_can_find_a_satisfactory_product_according_to_the_ratings.
9．approach vt.靠近，接近；着手处理n.接近；靠近；途径；方法
[练牢基点] 写出下列句中approach的含义
①Such people as are friendly are easy to approach. 接近
②We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.方法
③He thought of several ways of approaching this problem.着手处理
[系统考点]
(1)(an) approach to (doing) ... (做/解决)……的方法；到……的通路或途径
(2)approach sb. about (doing) sth. 与某人接洽(做)某事
[练通重点]
用所给词的适当形式填空
④At the meeting they discussed three different approaches (approach) to the study of mathematics.
⑤We need to try other approaches to solving (solve) the problem.
句型转换
⑥As the time for graduation is approaching, we are busy with our papers.
→With the time for graduation approaching,_we are busy with our papers.
单句写作
⑦(2017·天津高考书面表达)随着第十三届全运会的临近，我们志愿者正在加快准备工作。
With_the_13th_National_Games_approaching,_we_volunteers_are_speeding_up_preparations.
10．倍数＋比较级＋than ...
[教材原句] Don't be frightened by sharks: you are 30_times_more_likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.
不要惧怕鲨鱼，因为你被闪电击中的几率可能是被鲨鱼攻击的30倍。
倍数表达法的常见结构：
... times＋
①The red ruler is three_times_as_long_as the yellow one.
＝The red ruler is three_times_longer_than the yellow one.
＝The red ruler is three_times_the_length_of the yellow one.
这把红尺子是那把黄尺子的三倍长。
②The population now in this village is five_times_what_it_was ten years ago.
现在这个村庄的人口是十年前的五倍。
③Our grain output will be 10_times_that_of 1960.
我们的粮食产量将是1960年的10倍。
考点新组合
阅读微技能
My grandmother usually put her glasses in sight because of poor sight. Once she reached out for them, ❶only to fall off the bed. Luckily, there was nothing serious. ❷We all felt a sense of relief. Also, she observed traditional lifestyle, unwilling to move to the city with us. We had to employ a nurse to look after her and told her to watch out for the traffic.
1.①处“only to do”为动词不定式用作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果。
2.②处句子可翻译为：我们都如释重负地松了一口气。
11．relief n．轻松，宽慰；(痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻；救济
(1)in/with relief 如释重负；松了口气
to one's relief 令人感到欣慰的是
It's a relief to do sth. 做某事是令人欣慰的
What a relief! 可轻松了！
(2)relieve vt. 使轻松，宽慰；缓解
relieve sb. of ... 解除某人……方面的负担
[多角练透]
单项填空
①(2019·南通调研)Much to our ________， the outcome of the general election is far better than we have expected before.
A．regret B．relief
C．surprise D．disappointment
解析：选B 句意：大选结果远比之前我们预料的要好，这使我们很宽慰。 to one's relief“使某人宽慰的是”，符合句意。 to one's regret“令某人遗憾的是”；to one's surprise“令某人惊讶的是”；to one's disappointment“令某人失望的是”。
完成句子
②It is a_great_relief to have rain after a long time of drought.
长期的干旱之后下雨是一大慰藉。
③I was in/with_relief when the exam was over.
考试结束时，我松了一口气。
④To_our_great_relief,_the accident caused little damage.
使我们大感宽慰的是，事故造成的损失很小。
⑤The medicine greatly relieved_him_of his headache.
这种药极大地减轻了他的头痛。
12．observe vt.观察；注意到；评论；遵守；庆祝
[练牢基点] 写出下列句中observe的含义
①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe traditional customs. 遵守
②People of many Western countries observe Christmas.庆祝
③The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behavior of the chimps.观察
④(2017·江苏高考)This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer, a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia, and her colleagues. 注意到
⑤Did your friends observe on your unusual dress？评论
[系统考点]
(1)observe Christmas/New Year's Day/festivals
庆祝圣诞/元旦/节日
observe
(2)observation n. 观察；注意；监视
observer n. 遵守者，观察者；观察员
[练通重点]
单项填空
⑥The parking rules in public places should be ________ strictly, otherwise you will get a ticket.
A．realized B．recognized
C．consulted D．observed
解析：选D 句意：应该严格遵守公共场所的停车规定，否则你会拿到一张罚单。 observe“遵守”，符合句意。
用所给词的适当形式填空
⑦My uncle acted as an observer (observe) at the UNESCO International Youth Forum.
⑧In hospital she'll be under observation (observe) all the time.
句型转换
⑨She observed a man walking on the opposite of the way.
→She observed that a man was walking on the opposite of the way.
⑩The police observed the man enter the bank.
→The man was observed to enter the bank by the police.
单句写作
⑪(2016·江苏高考书面表达)如果我们能制定一些让人们遵守的参与规则，情况就会变得更好。
Things_will_turn_for_the_better_if_we_can_work_out_some_participation_rules_for_people_to_observe.
[名师指津] observe用于被动语态时，作主语补足语的不定式须带to。
⑫Tom was observed to enter the bank and withdraw some money.
有人注意到汤姆进了银行，取了一些钱。
13．in sight看得见，在视力范围之内
[归纳拓展]
❶out of sight 看不见
❷at first sight 初看时，乍一看
❸at the sight of ... 一看见……
❹catch sight of 看见
❺lose sight of 看不见
❻come into sight 进入视野
[应用领悟]
①At the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her daughter till the train was out of sight.
在火车站，母亲挥手向女儿告别，直到火车消失在视野里。
②I caught sight of my former teacher just now, but he turned at a corner and I lost sight of him.
刚才我看见了我以前的老师，但是他在拐角处转弯了，我就看不见他了。
14．reach out 伸出(手)，伸手拿
(1)reach for 伸手去拿/去够
(2)within one's reach 够得到/在某人能力范围之内
beyond one's reach＝out of one's reach 够不到/力所不及
[多角练透]
介、副词填空
①He reached out his hands and gave his wife a big hug and said “I love you”．
②My daughter is not tall enough to reach for the dishes.
③This new model of car is so expensive that it is beyond the reach of those with common income.
④You should leave your keys within your reach.
单句写作
⑤(2014·江西高考书面表达)我们树立的目标应该在自己的能力范围之内。
The_goal_that_we_set_should_be_within_our_reach.
15．watch out for 留心，密切注意
(1)watch out 小心；提防
watch for 守候，等待
watch over 看守；监视；照管
(2)on watch 值班，看守
keep (a) close watch on 密切注视，严密监视
[题点全练] 选用上述短语填空
①Watch_out! There's a car driving fast toward here.
②Be careful！Watch_out_for cyclists and other runners.
③It is said that each country would have its own experts to watch_over the changes.
④The man on_watch didn't notice the danger.
⑤Jim is anxiously watching_for the result of the football match.
⑥The government is keeping_a_close_watch_on how the situation develops.
[联想发散] 表示“当心，留神”的短语还有：look out for, take care等。
[单元语基落实]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Hesitating (犹豫) for a minute, the girl stood up and offered her seat to the old man.
2．The favorite thing I'd like to do when sitting on the bus was to observe (观察) people through the window.
3．In my opinion, you should grasp (抓住) the opportunity to work abroad.
4．The girl lost in the forest finally escaped from the woods and she breathed a sigh of relief (轻松)．
5．The president rolled his eyes and glanced (瞥一眼) at the couple and then exclaimed，“Go away！”.
6．The builders adopted a wise alternative approach (方法) to carry the heavy stone.
7．My uncle has earned lots of money, so I firmly (坚定地) believe that his business is a success.
8．I work with volunteers (志愿者) for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.
9．Attached (使连在一起) to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during his stay here.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ________ for words.
A．lose B．lost
C．to lose D．having lost
解析：选B 句意：即使是最好的作家有时候也会发现自己找不到合适的话来表达自己。find是表示心理变化的动词，其后的themselves是宾语，空格处应作为宾语补足语使用，所以要使用lost，表示“迷惘的，不知所措的”。
2．Professor Li has ________ the behavior of bees for many years, and they have been observed ________ to communicate information.
A．noticed; dance B．observed; to dance
C．seen; dancing D．watched; dance
解析：选B 句意：李教授观察蜜蜂的行为已经很多年了，他发现它们通过跳舞来交流信息。第一空用observed表示“观察”；第二空用to dance，不定式短语作主补，表示一般情况。故选B项。
3．“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire！” the mother shouted, with ________ clearly in her voice.
A．anger B．rudeness
C．regret D．panic
解析：选D 句意：“Tommy，快跑！快点！房子着火了！”母亲大声喊着，声音中明显透着恐慌。anger“生气”；rudeness“粗鲁”；regret“后悔”；panic“恐慌”。根据句意可知应选D项。
4．You must always ________ the traffic whenever you are in a crowded city.
A．look out B．watch out for
C．glance at D．stare up
解析：选B 句意：在拥挤的城市里，你必须时刻注意交通。watch out for“小心，注意”，符合语境。look out“小心，当心”，后面不能跟宾语； glance at“匆匆看”； stare up“向上凝视”。
5．(2014·北京高考)The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ________.
A．recognizing B．being recognized
C．having recognized D．having been recognized
解析：选B 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个电影明星戴着墨镜。这样他就可以购物而不被认出。without是介词，后需用动词ing形式；recognize和the film star之间为动宾关系，应用被动式，同时与go shopping这一动作同时发生，故用一般式，答案为B。
6．(2019·镇江模拟)When you cast a ________ for others, you help them see their potential and their possibilities.
A．glance B．doubt
C．shadow D．vision
解析：选D 句意：当你描述了对别人的设想时，你会帮助他们看到自己的潜能和可能性。glance“一瞥，很快的一看”；doubt“怀疑”；shadow“影子”；vision“视野；构想，设想”。根据句意可知选D。
7．The plastic bags produced every year in our country are ________ the world's production of vehicles, ________ is harmful to the environment.
A．three times the weight of; which
B．three times weight of; which
C．as three times heavy as; which
D．three times as heavy as; that
解析：选A 考查倍数表达法和非限制性定语从句。第一空选A、D都对；第二空考查非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，故只能用which。所以A正确。
8．(2019·常州模拟)________ what many people think, HIV cannot be spread through mosquitoes, a cough or sneeze, or by merely touching someone with AIDS.
A．Based on B．Contrary to
C．Apart from D．Regardless of
解析：选B 句意：与许多人的看法相反，HIV无法通过蚊子、咳嗽、喷嚏，或通过仅仅触碰某个艾滋病患者传播。be based on“基于，以……为根据，在……基础上”；contrary to“与……相反”；apart from“除……之外”；regardless of“不顾，不管”。根据句意可知选B。
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．To_our_great_relief,_with the help of her teacher，she was able to put her heart into her study.
令我们十分宽慰的是，在老师的帮助下，她能够专心学习了。
2．Wherever_she_goes,_there are crowds of people wishing_for_seeing_her.
无论她走到哪里，都有成群的人希望见到她。
3．The number of people in that area is_twice_as_many_as_that in ours.
那个地区的人口是我们这个地区(人口)的两倍。
4．In her dream, she found_herself_standing_in front of a deserted temple, covered in darkness.
在她的梦中，她发觉自己站在一座荒芜的破庙前，笼罩在黑暗之中。
5．It is the thought that counts rather_than_how_much_it_costs.
重要的是心意而不是花多少钱。
Ⅳ.课文段落大意概括
阅读本单元Project部分，试着以约30个词概括第二篇课文“The wonderful world of pigeons”第五段(P19，L11－19)的段落大意。
Pigeons have a strong sense of direction and they can fly long distances without losing their way. Because of this, since ancient times, they have been used as special messengers, especially in war.
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