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    2020新课标高考牛津版英语第一轮总复习讲义:第3部分第一节第七讲 非谓语在写作中的运用

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    2020新课标高考牛津版英语第一轮总复习讲义:第3部分第一节第七讲 非谓语在写作中的运用

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    第七讲 非谓语在写作中的运用众所周知,作文中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味,句子与句子之间的关系显得松散;而文章中过多地出现复合句又显得累赘,读起来费劲。恰当地运用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换,不仅使句型多样,句子活泼,而且读起来结构紧凑,言简意明。一、运用非谓语动词转换简单句1.他对这个事故一无所知,他像往常一样去上班。He didn't know anything about the accident.He went to work as usual.Not knowing anything about the accidenthe went to work as usual.(现在分词作状语)2.被邀请来参加晚会的大多数艺术家都来自于那所大学。Many artists were invited to the party.Most of them were from that university.Most of the artists invited to the party were from that university.(过去分词作定语)3.他又抄袭了。他受到了老师的惩罚。He copied again.It made him punished by the teacher.His copying again made him punished by the teacher.(动名词作主语)4.我们应该关心老年人的精神健康。我们认为这很重要。We should care for the mental health of the old.We think it is critical.We think it critical to care for the mental health of the old.(不定式作真正主语)5.我们应该如何提高我们的英语口语水平?这是个问题。How should we improve our spoken EnglishIt is a question.How to improve our spoken English is a question.(不定式短语作主语)The question is how to improve our spoken English.(不定式短语作表语)二、运用非谓语动词转换复合句1.这里曾有一家大型化肥厂,它每天释放出大量有毒气体,污染环境。There was a large factorywhich produced fertilizer.Every day it gave out a lot of poisonous gaswhich polluted the environment.There was a large factorywhich produced fertilizer.Every day it gave out a lot of poisonous gaspolluting the environment.(现在分词作状语)简析:原句中分别由which引导两个定语从句,重复且单调,将第二个定语从句转换为现在分词短语作状语后,不仅表达多样,而且言简意赅。2.当我们赶到校门口时,已经8点了。我们见到老师时,不得不为迟到而向她道歉。When we got to the school gate it was eight.When we saw our teacherwe had to say sorry for our being late.When we got to the school gate it was eight.Seeing our teacherwe had to say sorry for our being late.(现在分词作状语)简析:原句中有两个由连词when引导的状语从句,将第二个状语从句转换为现在分词短语作状语后,就避免了原句中重复使用同类从句的问题。3.我们认为遵守交通规则是每个人的责任。同时我们认为有必要从小学习遵守交通规则。We think it is everyone's duty that we should obey traffic rules and we also think it is necessary that we should learn traffic rules when we are young.We think it is everyone's duty that we should obey traffic rules and we also think it is necessary to learn traffic rules when we are young.(不定式作真正的主语)简析:原句中先后出现两个从句,冗长、累赘、难读。而采用动词不定式替换第二句中的从句后,言简意明。4.由于老师的帮助,我英语进步了。因为我英语进步了,我相信我能考上更好的大学。Because my teacher helps memy English has greatly improved.Because my English has greatly improvedI'm sure I will go to a better university.With my teacher helping memy English has greatly improved.Because my English has greatly improvedI'm sure I will go to a better university.(with复合结构作状语)简析:原句两处重复出现由because引导的从句,读起来很别扭。换用with+现在分词的复合结构后,读起来给人的感觉大不一样。5.为了赶上同班同学,李东不遗余力地学习。为了好好学习,他从不玩电脑游戏。Li Dong spares no effort to study so that he can catch up with his classmates.He never plays computer games so that he can learn better.Li Dong spares no effort to study so that he can catch up with his classmates.He never plays computer games so as to learn better.(不定式作状语)简析:原句两处重复使用so that引导的目的状语从句,换用不定式作状语后,殊途同归,但效果好多了。另外,此处的so as to learn better也可以用介词短语with the purpose of learning better作目的状语。三、运用非谓语动词转换短文北京市有大量的出租车司机,他们每天全心全意地为乘客服务,对北京市的交通发挥着重要作用。他们起早贪黑,赚钱养家糊口。有一次,我下车时不小心把手机忘在了车上,但当我和司机同志联系上之后,他立即开车把手机送到了我的家门口,让我感动不已。一般表达:There are a large number of taxi drivers in Beijing.They serve passengers heart and soul.They play an important part in the traffic of Beijing.They make some money.They work from dawn till night.One day, I left my cellphone in the taxi I took.I got in touch with the driver.He drove to my home and gave it back to me.I was very excited.高级表达:There are a large number of taxi drivers in Beijingserving passengers heart and soul and playing an important part in the traffic of Beijing.In order to make some money to support their familiesthey work from dawn till night.One dayI got out of the taxi in a hurry with my cellphone left in the taxi I took.On hearing what had happened, the taxi driver drove to my home as fast as possible and gave the cellphone back to me.Seeing my cellphone again, I was too excited to say a word.
    .运用非谓语动词转换简单句1There is a big dog.The dog is tied to a fence outside the house._____________________________________________________________2The path in the park looked beautiful.The path was covered with fallen leaves._____________________________________________________________3She was a nurse.She knew how to take care of a patient._____________________________________________________________4People are talking about the new play.The new play will be put on in two weeks._____________________________________________________________5The man was seated in the chair.He asked me to be seated._____________________________________________________________【答案】1.There is a big dog tied to a fence outside the house.2The path in the park looked beautiful, covered with fallen leaves. 3.Being a nurseshe knew how to take care of a patient. 4.People are talking about the new play to be put on in two weeks. 5.The man seated in the chair asked me to be seated..运用非谓语动词转换复合词1When we arrived at the company, we were shown around the workshops first.When we were talking to the employees, we found it was necessary that we should learn a foreign language.______________________we were shown around the workshops first.When we were talking to the employees, we found __________________________.2I took part in the meeting, which was held in Beijing last Friday.It was very instructive, which was hosted by a manager who came to our company yesterday.I took part in the meeting ____________ last Friday.It was very instructivewhich was hosted by a manager ________________ yesterday.3When we heard the encouraging news, we all felt encouraged.__________________we all felt encouraged.4He left the houseand he didn't say a word.He was so angry that he didn't want to talk with his wife.He left the house ________________.He was ________ angry ________ talk with his wife.【答案】1.Arriving at the companyit necessary for us to learn a foreign language 2.held in Beijingcoming to our company 3.Hearing the encouraging news 4.without saying a wordtooto.完成句子1The computer center, ________ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.(open)去年开办的电脑中心很受这个学校学生的欢迎。2The monkey was so lucky that it just missed ____________________.(catch)这个猴子如此幸运以至于没有被逮住。3There was a terrible noise ____________________.(follow)伴随着光的突然爆发有巨大的声响。4______________ twicehe didn't want to try again.(fail)已经失败两次了,他不想再次尝试了。5I ran to the station ____________ that the train had left.(only)我跑到火车站,却发现火车已经开走了。【答案】1.opened 2.being caught 3.following the sudden burst of light 4.Having failed 5.only to find .用非谓语动词(短语)改写短文中的画线部分Dear Sir/MadamI have learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary.I am writing 1.in_the_hope that you will be able to offer me the job and I feel I am competent for it.I am 19a student to graduate from Xinxing Foreign Language School in July this year.2.I_have_a_good_command_of_two_foreign_languages,_including_English_and_Frenchand I always make my grades remain upper level in our department.In addition, 3.I_have_taken_part_in_many_English_competitions_and_gained_many_prizes,_which not only improve my English but also strengthen my confidence.4.When_I_have_spare_timeI often play the violin and read a lot.5.I_join_in_some_voluntary_services_and_it turns me into a helpful and easy­going man.Trust me and you will be rewarded.I'm looking forward to your reply.Sincerely yoursLiu Yan【答案】1.hoping2Having a good command of two foreign languagesincluding English and French3having taken part in many English competitions and having gained many prizes4Having spare time5Joining in some voluntary services  

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